1、崇明區(qū)2019屆第一次期末質(zhì)量檢測(cè)試卷英語(yǔ)I、 ListeningprehensionII、 GrammarandVocabularySectionAElectricBikeBaninNewYorkHurtsFoodDeliveryWorkersAbanonelectricbicyclesinNewYorkCityishurtingdeliveryworkerswhodependonthemtoearnaliving、Manyoftheworkersareimmigrants、Electricbicycles,or“ebikes,looklikeregularbicycles,buttheyh

2、aveelectricpoweredmotorstoassistridersinmovingthebikeforward、Mostebikesreachspeedsofabout32kilometersanhour,butsomecangomuch(21)(fast)、(22)itislegaltoownebikesinNewYorkCity,itisnotlegaltooperatethem、Officialsthereconsiderthedangeroususeofebikesonstreetsandsidewalksasreason(23)thebanLastyear,thecitya

3、nnouncedseveremeasures(24)(mean)toholdebikeridersandrestaurantsthatemploytheridersresponsible、Ebikeoperatorscannowbefined$500forbreakingtheban、Thepolice(25)alsoseizethebikes、ManyofNewYork'deliveryworkersareChineseimmigrantsintheir50sand60s、Theirjobrequiresthemtoworkquicklyandforlonghours(26)(ear

4、n)enoughmoneytoliveon、DeliveryworkerDeqingLiansaiditisimportanttoperformqualitywork(27)theirjobalsodependsontips、Headdedthatwhendeliveryworkersaretooslow,somepeoplerefusetopayforthefood、Thismakestheworkers'supervisorsangryLiqiangLiuisanebikedeliveryworkerandspokespersonfortheNewYorkDeliveryWorke

5、rsUnion、Hesays(28)(catch)breakingthebanandhavingthebikeseizedwouldcausecostlydelaysforworkers、DoLeeiswiththeBikingPublicProject,(29)providesassistancetobicyclerelatedworkersinNewYorkCity、Hesaysthecity'sbanonebikesisunfairlytaggowpaidworkerswholargelyefromthecity'sLatinoandAsianmunitiHsdoesno

6、taccepttheargument(30)ebikespresentadangertocitizens>However,manyNewYorkersarequicktoblameebikeridersfornotbeingsafe、SectionBA、overateB、preciousC、rateD、researchersE、impressionF、previousG、presentedH、interpretI、goersJ、revealedK、consumerPeopleThinkMealsTasteBetterIfTheyAreExpensiveItissaidthatthere&

7、#39;sngaschfreielunch,butevenifyoumanagetobagabargainmeal,itwillnottasteasgoodasamoreexpensivemeal,accordingtoscientists、Anewstudyhasfoundthatrestaurant_31_whopaymorefortheirmealsthinkthefoodistastierthanifitisofferedforasmallerprice、Theexpertsthinkthatpeopletendtoassociatecostwithqualityandthischan

8、gestheir_32_ofhowfoodtastes、ScientistsatCornellUniversityinNewYorkstudiedtheeatinghabitsof139peopleenjoyinganItalianbuffet（自助餐）inarestaurant、Thepriceofthefoodwassetbythe_33_ateither$4or$8fortheallyoucaneatmeal、Customerswereaskedto_34_howgoodthefoodtasted,thequalityoftherestaurantandtoleavetheirnames

9、、Theexperiment_35_thatthepeoplewhopaid$8forthefoodenjoyedtheirmeal11percentmorethanthosewhoatethe“cheaperbuffet、Interestinglythosethatpaidforthe$4buffetsaidtheyfeltguiltieraboutloadinguptheirplatesandfeltthatthey_36_、However,thescientistssaidthatbothgroupsatearoundthesamequantityoffoodintotal,accord

10、ingtothestudy_37_attheExperimentalBiologymeetingthisweek、BrianWansink,aprofessorof_38_behaviorattheuniversity,said:"Wewerefascinalthatpricinghaslittleimpactonhowmuchoneeats,butahugeimpactonhowyou_39_theexperience>"Hethinksthatpeopleenjoyedtheirfoodmoreastheyassociatedcostwithqualityandt

11、hatsmallchangestoarestaurantcanchangehowtastypeoplefindtheirmeals、Ina（n）_40_study,scientistsfromtheuniversityshowedthatpeoplewhoeatindimlightingconsume175lesscalories（卡路里）thanpeoplewhoeatinbrightlylitareas、III、ReadingprehensionSectionAHowClimateChangeAffectsAirlineFlightsHotweatherhasforceddozensofm

12、ercialflightstobecanceledatairportsintheSouthwestthissummer、Thisflightdisturbing_41_isawarningsign、Climatechangeisprojectedtohavefarreaching_42_includingsealevelrisefloodingcitiesandshiftingweatherpatternscausinglongtermdeclinesinagriculturalproduction、Andthereisevidencethatitisbeginningtoaffectthet

13、akeoffperformanceofmercialaircraft,withpotentialeffectsonairline_43_、Nationalandglobaltransportationsystemsandtheeconomicactivitytheysupporthavebeendesignedfortheclimateinwhichitalldeveloped、Intheaviation（航空）industry,airportsandaircraftaredesignedfortheweatherconditionsexperienced_44_、Becausetheclim

14、ateischanging,evenfundamentalelementslikeairportsandkeyeconomicpartslikeairtransportationmayneedtobe_45_、Asscientistsfocusedontheimpactsofclimatechangeandextremeweatheronhumansocietyandnaturalecosystemsaroundtheworld,ourresearchhasquantifiedhowextremeheatassociatedwithourwarmingclimatemayaffect_46_a

15、roundtheworld、WevefoundthatmajorairportsfromNewYorktoDubaitoBangkokwillseemorefrequenttakeoffweight_47_intheingdecadesduetoincreasinglymonhottemperatures,whichcanhelpreducetheaircraftweigshtsoastoloweritsrequiredtakeoffspeed、Thereisobviousevidencethatextremeeventssuchasheatwavesandcoastalfloodingare

16、happeningwithgreaterfrequencyandintensitythanjustafewdecadesago、Andifwe_48_toreducegreenhousegasemissionssignificantlyinthenextfewdecades,thefrequencyandintensityoftheseextremesisprojectedtoincreasedramatically、The_49_onaviationmaybewidespread、Manyairportsarebuiltnearsealevel,puttingthematriskofmore

17、frequent_50_asoceansrise、Thefrequencyandintensityofviolentairmovementmayincreaseinsomeregionsduetostrengtheninghighaltitude（高海拔得）wind、Strongerwindswouldforceairlinesandpilotstochangeflightlengthsandroutines,potentiallyincreasingfuel_51_、Manydepartmentsoftheeconomy,includingtheaviationindustry,haveye

18、ttoseriously_52_theeffectsofclimatechange、Thesooner,thebetter:Bothairportconstructionandaircraftdesigntakedecades,andhave_53_effects、Todaysnewestplanesmaywellbeflyingin40or50years,andtheir_54_arebeingdesignednow、Theearlierclimateimpactsareunderstoodandappreciated,themoreeffectiveandlesscostlyadaptat

19、ioncanbe、Thoseadaptationsmayevenincludeinnovativewaystodramaticallyreduceclimatealteringemissionsacrosstheaviationindustry,whichwouldhelpreducetheproblemwhilealso_55_it、41、A、schemeB、heatC、shiftD、mess42、A、contributionsB、confusionsC、feedbacksDconsequences43、A、pilotsB、reservationsC、costsDaccidents44、A、

20、historicallyB、enormouslyC、fundamentallyDdomestically45、A、retestedB、implementedC、prospectedDreengineered46、A、travelsB、developmentsC、flightsDmunications47、A、disordersB、gainsC、bansDrestrictions48、A、happenB、failC、aimD、promise49、mentsA、taxesB、effectsC、viewpointsD、50、A、floodingB、rottingC、repairingD、transf

21、erring51、A、consumptionstandardB、efficiencyC、distributionD、52、A、demonstrateconsiderB、avoidC、maximizeD、53、A、greaterB、differentC、lastingD、direct54、A、airportsB、productsC、contractsD、replacements55、A、sneezingatB、respondingtoC、resultinginD、recoveringfromSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassage、Eachp

22、assageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements、ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD、Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread、(A)Fluiskillingus、Theusualresponsetotheannualfluisnotenoughtofightagainsttheriskswecurrentlyface,letaloneprepareu

23、sforanevendeadlierwidespreadfluthatmostexpertsagreewilleinthefuture、Yes,wehaveanannualvaccine(疫苗),andeveryonequalifiedshouldgetitwithoutquestion、Thereality,however,isthatlessthanhalfAmericansgetthefluvaccines、Andthefluvaccineswehaveareonly60%effectiveinthebestyearsand10%effectiveintheworstyears、Weur

24、gentlyneedamuchmoreeffectivefluvaccine、IntheU、Salone,seasonalflucancauseupto36millioninfections,threequartersofamillionhospitalizationsand56,000deaths、Wearenotinvestingtheresourcesneededtoprotectourselves,ourlovedonesandourmunities、Whynot?Wehavenbteenhitbyatrulydestructivewidespreaddiseaseinalongtim

25、e、Soasindividuals,weletdownourguardasourleadersquietlydefundanddistafftheservicesweneedtoprotectus、Theriskofcontinuedfootdraggingishuge、Inaseverewidespreaddisease,theU、Shealthcaresystemcouldbedefeatedinjustweeks、Millionsofpeoplewouldbeinfectedbythevirus,andwoulddieintheweeksandmonthsfollowingtheinit

26、ialoutbreak、Thecostofpreventingepidemics(流行病)isroughlyatenthofwhatitcoststocopewiththemwhentheyhit、In2012,acallwasissuedforanannualbilliondollarU、S、mitmenttothedevelopmentofauniversalfluvaccine、Sixyearslater,thesearchforauniversalvaccineremainedseriouslyunderfunded、Thesimplereasonliesinourcollective

27、satisfaction、Assoonasheadlinesaboutthefluaregoinghospitalsareemptiedofflupatients,andschoolandworkplaceabsenceratesdeclines,wegobacktobusinessasusua、lLeadingscientistsandpublichealthofficialshavethecapabilitytokeepusmuchsaferfromflu、Theyneedyourquickanddecisivesupporttosucceed、Youractiontodaymaybeam

28、atteroflifeanddeathforyouandyourlovedones、56、 Theproblemofthecurrentfluvaccinesisthat、A、theyarenotavailableeveryyearB、mostAmericansarenotallowedtogetthemC、noteveryoneisqualifiedforthemD、manypeoplestillcatchfluaftergettingthem57、 Whatdoestheauthormeanby“continuedfootdragging”inParagraph4?A、Hospitalsc

29、annotmeettheneedsofpatientsduringfluoutbreaks、B、 TheleaderscontinuetodragthefeetofthepatientsinfectedwithfluC、 Individualsarentalertenoughtotheunderinvestmentinflupreve、ntionD、Fluwillcertainlybeeaseverewidespreaddiseaseinnearfuture、58、 Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A、Scienceiscurrentlynotsodevelop

30、edastokeepussaferfromflu、B、Thedeathfromfluismuchhigherthanthatfromotherdiseases、C、Thegeneralpublicispartiallytoblamefortheneglectoffluprevention、D、Developingauniversalfluvaccinewillcostmorethandealingwithflu、59、 Theauthorwrotethepassagemainlyto、A、teachpeoplemoreeffectivewaystofightagainstfluB、callon

31、peopletotakefluoutbreaksfarmoreseriouslyC、encouragemedicalscientiststodevelopmorefluvaccinesD、urgethegovernmenttopublicizetherisksofwidespreadflu、HowtogetyourtaxrefundAtthestoreGetaGlobalBlueTaxFreeForm、IfyoudonothaveaSHOPTAXFREECard,see”HowtofillinyourTaxFreeForms、”MakesureyourTaxFreeFormisfilledin

32、beforearrivingatthepointofdeparture、Remembernorefundwithout:pletedReceiptsCustomsFormattachedvalidation（驗(yàn)證）AtthepointofdepartureFornonEUresidentsonlyGoodscarriedincheckedinluggage、1 、Checkyourluggageinatthecheckincounter;tellthecheckinclerkyouneeditbackforCustomspurposes、2、 TakethelabelledluggagetoC

33、ustoms,showthegoods,andhaveyourTaxFreeFormsstamped、3、 CashinyourstampedFormattheappropriaterefundserviceprovider、Goodscarriedinhandluggage:1 、GotoCustomsafterpassportcontrol,showthegoods,andhaveyourTaxFreeFormsstamped、Pleasenote:CustomsclearanceofgoodsinhandluggagecanonlytakeplaceatthelastEUairportb

34、eforeyoufinallyleavetheEU、2 、CashinyourstampedFormattheappropriatebankcounterorpostittotheappropriaterefundserviceprovider、Allowtimefortherefundprocess、GotoCustomsbeforeoraftercheckin,seeRefundOfficelist、PresentyourpletedTaxFreeForms,receipts,passport,andpurchaseditemstogetastamp、GotoaRefundOfficedi

35、splayingtheGlobalBluelogo（標(biāo)識(shí)）、Receiveyourrefundpaidtoyourcreditcardwithinfivedaysorincash、Inarush?MailyourstampedandpletedTaxFreeFormsandreceiptsbacktousintheenvelopeprovidedandgetyourrefundpaidtoyourcreditcardwithinthreeweeks、EU:EuropeanUnion、60 、Whomistheaboveinformationintendedfor?A、EUresidentswh

36、owanttogettheirtaxrefunded、B、NonEUresidentswhoaregoingtotravelinEU、C、EUresidentswhohaveGlobalBlueTaxFreeFormsD、NonEUresidentswhoareleavingEUafterpurchase、61 、Togetyourtaxrefund,youneedtoafterhavingyourluggagecheckedinifyouputyourpurchasedgoodsinyourcheckinluggage、A、showyourpurchasedgoodstothecheckin

37、clerkB、cashinyourstampedFormatthecheckincounterC、takebackyourluggagetotheCustomstogetastampD、gototheCustomstofillinaformwithouttheluggage、62、 Whatcanbelearnedfromthepassage?A、 ItsamusttoattachthereceiptstotheformtogetyourtaxrefundB、 ItsunnecessarytoshowyourpassporttotheCustomsforastampC、Youcangetyou

38、rrefundincashafterpostingyourformifinahurryD、Youcangetyourrefundbycreditcardatonceattheappropriatecounter、（C）Aportraitcreatedbyartificialintelligence,orAI,madeahistoricappearanceontheauction（拍賣(mài)）blockatChristie'sinNewYorkiCtyefirstartworkcreatedbyanalgorithm（算法）tobeofferedforauctionintheworldoffi

39、neart、TheoddlookingpaintingofafictitiousmaninadarkfrockcoatlefttheauctionblockatChristieawhoppingUS$432,500onOct、25inNewYorkCity、Theportraitdesignedinthe“OldMaster”stylereminisucreonpteoafnEfineartistsfromcenturiesagoonlypartiallyfillsthecanvas,leavingemptyspacearoundthecentralfigure、Itappearstorepr

40、esentamanwithablurredface,dressedinclothingsimilartothatwornbysubjectspaintedbytheDutchartistRembrandtvanRijninthe17thcentury、Ofcourse,aputerdidntautomaticallypickupabrushandbeean、artTishteAIthatcreatedtheimagehadhumanprogrammersaParisianartcollectivecalledObvious,Christierepsorted、Theircooperation,

41、titled“PortraitofEdmondDeBelamy,”ispartofaseriesofpaintingsofthefictionalBelamyfamilyandwasexpectedtofetch$7,000to$10,000,accordingtoChristie、sTocreatetheportrait,theObviousteamfirstfedthenetworkadietof15,000imagespaintedbetweenthe14thand20thcenturies,totrainittorecognizevisualelementsinfineart,Obvi

42、ousartistsHugoCasellesDupretoldChris、tieThealsgorithmthateventuallycreatedanoriginalimagehadtwopartsthatworkedagainsteachother,calledtheGenerator(thatmakestheart)andaDiscriminator(thattriestospotthedifferencebetweenhumancreatedandAIcreatedimages),CasellesDupreexplained:theycalleAI“generateadversaria

43、lnetwork”(GAN),CasellsDupre、explainedGANsfinalimagewasthenprintedandframed,accordingtoObvious、Atthebottomeoftheportraitisamathematicalformula(公式)representingthealgorithmthatcreatedit,anodtotherelationshipbetweentheGeneratorandtheDiscriminator,Obviousartistswroteonthecollectiveswebsite、Thegoalofthepa

44、intingandofObvious,alsocofoundedbyHugoCasellesDupreandGauthierVernier,wastoprove“artificialintelligencecandomorethanoperatedriverlesscarsortransformmanufacturingitcanbecreative,Consume”rNewsandBusinessChannelreported、PortraitureisatoughtaskforAItotakeon,accordingtoChristie“ss,incehumansarehighlyaccu

45、stomedtothecurvesandplexitiesofafaceinawaythatamachinecannotbe、”ThisdifficultywaspartofObviousthinkingwhentheycreatedtheportra、it“EdmonddeBelamy”isoneofelevenAIpaintingsmadebyObvi、ous63、 Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethattheportrait“Edmond、deBelamy”A、wassoldatanunexpectedhighpriceB、wasthefirstartworks

46、oldatanauctionC、isapaintingcreatedbymeansofbrushD、isamanwhoonceappearedattheauction64、 Tocreateaportrait,AIneedsto、A、learnfromplentyofimagesB、useanalgorithmwithmanypartsC、workagainsthumanpaintersD、recognizeitshumanprogrammers65、 Whatcanbeconcludefromthepassage?A、 Themathematicalformulaatthebottomoft

47、heportraitismeaningless、B、TheportraitwasmadetoprovealgorithmsareabletoimitatecreativityC、 ItismoredifficultforAItooperatedriverlesscarsthantopaintaportrait、D、 AIisbetteratpaintingthecurvesandplexitiesofafacethanahuman66、 Thepassagemainlytellsusthat、A、 AIwillsoonreplacemaninsomefieldsB、 anAIcreatedpo

48、rtraitsellshighatanauctionC、 aproperalgorithmisthekeyforAItocreateartD、 AIcreatedpaintingsarebetterreceivedatauctionsSectionCA、 It'sthatlongtermexposurethatexpertsfindmostworrisomeB、 Carmanufacturersareunawareofstandardsregulatingairqualityinsidenewcars、C、 Thisiswhenponentsarestillunstableandten

49、dtowardswhatiscalledoffgassing、D、 Justreadingalistofthesubstancesisscaryenough,andthedangerofexposureisscarierstill、E、 Thesourceofthesmellsomanybuyersfindappealingisinthevarioussubstancesusedincarconstruction、F、 Fortunately,highconcentrationsofthesepoundsgraduallydisappearjustafewmonthsaftermanufact

50、ure、IsNewcarSmellBadforYourHealth?Thesmellofanewcarcanbeappealinginshowrooms,forwhichthere、'sThgomewreasoncarsmellesfromamixtureofchemicals,someofwhichcanbehighlypoisonous、Manyofthesecontainvolatile(揮發(fā)，性得)organicpounds(VOCs),someofwhichcanbedeadlyinsufficientquantities、Othersarejustbadforyou、“It

51、achemicalcocktailmadeupoflotsofpoisonoussubstances,saidJeffGearhart,ResearchDirectoroftheEcologyCenterintheUSstateofMichigan、TheEcologyCenterhasbeenmonitoringandtestingchemicallevelsintheinsideofthecarforyears,andhasnotedsomeimprovement>ButGearhartsaysthereisstillworktobedone、“Thereareover200chem

52、icalpoundsfoundinvehicles,、“Sinchethesechemicalsarenotregulated,consumershavenowayofknowingthedangerstheyface、"Immediatesymptomscanrangefromasorethroattoheadaches,dizziness,etc、,dependingonthesensitivityofanindividual、AccordingtotheUSenvironmentalProtectionAgency,continuedexposuretosomeofthesec

53、anleadtoreproductiveimpactsanddamagetosomeorgansandcentralnervoussystemorevencancer、Thedangeristhegreatestwhenthecarisnew,andthenewcarsmellismostnoticeable、Itisthereleaseofchemicalvapours,whichleadstothesmell、Heatfromavehicleleftinthesuncanmakemattersworse,andspeedupthechemicalreaction、Thedangerisre

54、ducedovertime,andexpertssaytheworstisusuallywithinaboutsixmonths、Expertsadvisethebestthingthatbuyerscandotolimitexposureistokeeptheinsideofthecarwellventilated(通風(fēng)得),especiallyduringthefirstmonthsofownership、Parkintheshadewiththewindowsopenwhenitssafetodoso,oratleasttrytoraitioutbeforegettinginsidees

55、peciallyonhotdays、IV 、SummaryWritingTakeCareofYourSpine(脊柱)Thespinestandsatthecenterofyourhealth,providingyourbodywithstructureandsupport、Italsocontainsyourspinalcord,amassivecollectionofnervesthatsendselectricsignalsfromtherestofyourbodytoyourbrain、Therefore,itsimportanttotakeca、reofitMaintainingyo

56、urgoodpostureisoneofthemostimportantthingsyoucandotokeepyourspinehealthy、Properposturemeansstandingorsittingwhilekeepingyourspinestraight,exceptforitsnaturalcurves、Postureesintoplayevenwhenyou、reSaleselepeinpgonyoursideputslessstressonyourspinethanmostotherpositions、Havingafortablebedisalsoveryimpor

57、tantassleepinginapositionthatisntfortablecanleaveyourbackfeelingsorethenextda、yExerciseisalsoanimportantfactorinthehealthofyourspine、Stayingstillfortoolongevenifyourpostureisgoodcanbehardonyourback、Especiallyifyouworkatadeskmostoftheday,itsimporttogetupandstretchperiodically、Stretchescanhelpthemuscl