1、實用英語第三冊實用英語第三冊B3U6 Unit 6 上海交通大學出版上海交通大學出版社社美心英語美心英語Focus 1 Section 1 :Text: The Trimmed Lamp Background Information Warm Up Vocabulary Intensive Reading Exercises: I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII Section 2: Listening and SpeakingFocus 2 Section 1: Text: Taking On Exercises: I , II Language Points Sectio

2、n 2: Practical Writing A Letter of Job Recommendation 第1頁/共46頁 Focus 1 Section I上海交通大學出版上海交通大學出版社社美心英語美心英語 O. HenryBackground InformationO. Henry was born William Sydney Porter in Greenboro, North Carolina. His father, Algernon Sidney Porter, was a physician. When William was three, his mother died,

3、 and he was raised by his parental grandmother and paternal aunt. William Porter was an avid reader, but at the age of fifteen he left school, and then worked in a drug store and on a Texas ranch. He continued to Houston, where he had a number of jobs, including that of bank clerk. In 1894 William P

4、orter started a humorous weekly The Rolling Stone. It was at this time that he began heavy drinking. When the weekly failed, he joined the Houston Post as a reporter and columnist. In 1897 he was convicted of embezzling (貪污) money, although there has been much debate over his actual guilt. Porter en

5、tered a penitentiary (監(jiān)獄) in 1898 at Columbus, Ohio. While in prison, Porter started to write short stories to earn money to support his daughter Margaret. His first work, Whistling Dicks Christmas Stocking (1899), appeared in McClures Magazine. O. Henry moved to New York City in 1902 and from Decem

6、ber 1903 to January 1906 he wrote a story a week for the New York World. Henrys best known work is perhaps the much anthologized (編選) The Ransom of Red Chief, published in the collection Whirligigs in 1910. During his life time, O. Henry published 10 collections and over 600 short stories. His last

7、years were shadowed by alcoholism, ill health, and financial problems. O. Henry 第2頁/共46頁上海交通大學出版社上海交通大學出版社美心英語美心英語Warm Up Focus 1 Section I1. First, please make a list of priorities in choosing a life companion and then rank them. 2. Second, work in groups and discuss the different attitudes towards

8、 love and marriage.3. Finally, please report your findings to the whole class.第3頁/共46頁上海交通大學出版社上海交通大學出版社美心英語美心英語Vocabulary Please go over the key words and expressions of the text before reading Focus 1 Section I第4頁/共46頁Key Words *living n. C, U 生計，生活 a. 活（著）的，有生命的What did he do for a living before

9、he married a rich woman? attendant n. C 服務(wù)員 a. 伴隨的，陪同的He works as a parking attendant at the airport. comparable a. 可與相比的，敵得上的His achievements are comparable with the best.imitation n. C, U 仿制品，贗品；模仿，仿效The bag is made of imitation leather and sells cheap. compatible a. 一致的；相容的；諧調(diào)的This project is not

10、 compatible with the company s l ong -t e r m p l ans . *apart ad. 分離，分開；相間隔She keeps herself apart from other people.剪亮的燈盞剪亮的燈盞路易絲和南希是好朋友。兩人都20歲，都很漂亮，都是到城里來謀生的鄉(xiāng)下姑娘。她們在同一個供膳食的宿舍樓里找到了住處，但從事的工作卻大不相同。上海交通大學出版上海交通大學出版社社美心英語美心英語 1 Louise and Nancy were good friends. Both were 20. Both were pretty. They w

11、ere country girls who had come to the city to earn their livings. They found rooms in the same boarding dorm, but their jobs were very different.Intensive ReadingThe Trimmed Lamp Focus 1 Section I Questions About Para. 1 (1) What were the two girls names in the story? (2) Why did they come to the ci

12、ty? Their names were Louise and Nancy.They came to the city to earn their livings.living: n. C, U 生計，生活e.g. He makes a living as a car salesman. 他靠當汽車推銷員謀生。 “make a living”是常用詞組，等同于“earn ones living”。earn ones living: 謀生，維持生計e.g. (1) He earns his living by working in the factory. 他靠在工廠做工謀生。 (2) Many

13、 people go to big cities to earn their livings. 許多人去大城市謀生。living還可用作形容詞，意為“alive now活（著）的，有生命的”。e.g. (1) Hes probably the best known living painter. 他大概是健在的最知名的畫家了。 (2) We know very little about the living organisms in the deep sea. 我們對深海里的活的有機體所知甚少。 注意：living用作形容詞時，只能充當定語，而不能充當表語。如果需用表語，則應(yīng)用alive。 e

14、.g. The fish we caught is still alive. 我們抓的魚還活著。 第5頁/共46頁上海交通大學出版上海交通大學出版社社美心英語美心英語Intensive Reading 2 Nancy worked as an attendant in the citys best department store. All day long she stood behind a counter, waiting on rich, well-dressed men and women. 3 The pay was very low, but Nancy didnt care.

15、She loved being among fine things and fine people. Like many working girls of that time, she had an eye out for a rich husband. The store was a perfect place to study the habits of the rich. 4 She studied the clothes the women wore. At night she would copy them, sewing them herself out of whatever c

16、loth she could afford. She listened to their voices, and talked the way they did. She watched them walk, and walked the way they did.南希在全市最好的百貨商店當營業(yè)員，整天站在柜臺后接待富有的衣著講究的男男女女。當營業(yè)員的薪水很低，但是南希并不在乎。她喜歡呆在美好的事物和人中間。像當時很多打工的女孩一樣，她留意著要找一個有錢的丈夫。這家商店是研究有錢人習慣的理想場所。她仔細觀察婦女們穿的衣服，晚上就用任何她能買得起的布料照樣子縫制。她細聽他們的聲音，并像他們一樣說

17、話。她觀察他們走路，并像他們一樣走路。 Focus 1 Section IQuestion About Paras. 2-3(3) What was Nancys job? And why did she take up that job? She worked as an attendant in the citys best department store. She took up the job because she loved being among fine things and fine people. wait on: to act as a servant, to fetc

18、h and carry things for接待，服侍e.g. (1) My job is to wait on rich people in a fancy store. 我的工作是在一家高級商店為有錢人服務(wù)。 (2) A Japanese wife was expected to wait on her husband hand and foot. 日本人的妻子曾被要求無微不至地侍候丈夫。在例句(2)中出現(xiàn)了詞組“wait on sb. hand and foot”，意為“無微不至地侍候某人”。have an eye out for: to look for sb. or sth. car

19、efully while you are doing other things密切關(guān)注e.g. (1) Nowadays many girls have an eye out for a rich husband. 當今很多女孩都想找個有錢的丈夫。 (2) Im looking for a new house. Please have an eye out for me. 我在找一所新房子，請幫我留意一下。第6頁/共46頁上海交通大學出版社上海交通大學出版社美心英語美心英語Intensive Reading 5 She felt sorry for Louise, who worked in

20、a hand laundry and spent her days over an ironing board. “I wouldnt have your job for anything,” she often told Louise. “You have to work too hard.” 6 “I dont mind. Be realistic,” said Louise. “After all, your pay is hardly comparable with mine. I make twice as much money as you do. I can buy pretty

21、 clothes. Lots and lots of pretty clothes. Ill find a rich husband twice as fast as you.” 7 Louise did buy lots and lots of clothes. Fancy clothes all covered with bright ribbons and bows. Hats with feathers. Flashy imitation jewelry.Questions About Paras. 5-7(4) Where was Louise working? How did Lo

22、uise like her job? (5) What kind of clothes did Louise buy? 她為路易絲感到難過，路易絲在一家手工洗衣店工作，日子都在燙衣板旁度過。她經(jīng)常對路易絲說：“我無論如何都不會做你的工作，你的工作那么辛苦?！薄拔也辉诤酢，F(xiàn)實點吧，”路易絲說，“畢竟你的薪水和我的無法相比。我賺的錢是你的兩倍。我可以買漂亮的衣服，很多很多漂亮的衣服。我找到有錢丈夫的速度會比你快一倍。”路易絲的確買了許多衣服。綴滿了艷麗絲帶和蝴蝶結(jié)的花哨衣服。飾有羽毛的帽子。俗艷的假珠寶。 Focus 1 Section ILouise was working in a hand

23、laundry. Although she had to work hard, she was content (satisfied), because she made twice as much money as Nancy did. She could buy lots of pretty clothes and would find a rich husband twice as fast as Nancy.She bought fancy clothes all covered with bright ribbons and bows, hats with feathers and

24、flashy imitation jewelry.who worked in a hand laundry and spent her days over an ironing board是非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞Louise。注意，在非限制性定語從句中，若先行詞指人且在從句中充當主語，關(guān)系代詞用who；若先行詞指人且在從句中充當賓語，關(guān)系詞用whom，此時whom不能用who代替，也不能省略；若先行詞指物，關(guān)系詞用which。無論先行詞指人或者指物，在句中充當主語或者賓語，非限制性定語從句的引導詞都不能用that。e.g. (1) John, who is only five, has

25、a talent for music. 約翰只有5歲，卻很有音樂天賦。 (2) His wife, whom you met at my home, is a teacher. 他的妻子，就是你在我家遇見的那個，是一位老師。 (3) The house, which was built a hundred years ago, stood still in the earthquake. 這座建于100年前的房子，在地震中仍屹立不倒。comparable: a. similar in size, amount, or quality to sth. else 可與相比的，敵得上的compara

26、ble后面常跟介詞to或者with搭配。e.g. (1) His achievements are comparable with the best. 他的成績可與最優(yōu)者相比。 (2) Our prices are comparable to those in other shops. 我們的價格和其他商店的差不多。第7頁/共46頁上海交通大學出版上海交通大學出版社社美心英語美心英語Intensive Reading 8 Nancy knew better. Louises way of dressing was not at all compatible with that of the r

27、ich. Rich women did not wear fancy clothes all covered with ribbons and bows. It was style that set them apart from working girls, not flash. Louise. She would never learn anything in that steamy laundry. 9 But Louise did have a steady boyfriend. Dan was a white-collar worker, but not rich. He was,

28、in fact, no richer than the girls, but he was generous, and he took Louise out to places where she could show off her pretty clothes. Sometimes he asked Nancy to come along. Nancy enjoyed these outings. But most of the time, she had plans of her own.南希清楚地知道路易絲的著裝方式和有錢人的格格不入。有錢的婦人不穿綴滿了絲帶和蝴蝶結(jié)的花哨衣服。是著裝

29、風格使她們和打工女孩不同，而不是那些虛飾。路易絲，她在那個蒸汽彌漫的洗衣房中永遠都學不到什么。但是路易絲確實有一個穩(wěn)定的男朋友。丹是個白領(lǐng)工人，但并不富有。事實上，他和這兩個女孩一樣窮。但他很慷慨，他會帶路易絲出去，帶她去可以炫耀她漂亮衣服的地方。有時候他也會叫南希一起去。南希喜歡這樣的外出，但是大多數(shù)時候，她有自己的打算。 Focus 1 Section IQuestion About Para. 9(6) Who was Louises boyfriend? Say a few words about him. Dan was Louises boyfriend. He was a whi

30、te-collar worker but not rich. He was generous, and took Louise out to places where she could show off her pretty patible: a. (of ideas, arguments, things, etc.) able to exist or be used together without causing problems一致的；相容的；諧調(diào)的該詞常用于be compatible with結(jié)構(gòu)中。e.g. (1) This project is not compatible wi

31、th the companys long-term plans. 這個方案和公司的長遠計劃不一致。 (2) Such policies are not compatible with democratic government. 這樣的政策與民主政府格格不入。the rich:“the+形容詞”結(jié)構(gòu)，表示某一類人，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式。e.g. The sick were sent home. 病員被送回了家。 apart: ad. 分離，分開；相間隔e.g. (1) She keeps herself apart from other people. 她與其他人保持著距離。 (2) The t

32、wo houses are 300 meters apart. 這兩棟房子相隔300米。該詞常用于詞組apart from，意為“in addition to 除了外，此外”。e.g. He works ten hours a day and thats apart from the work he does at the weekend. 他一天干10個小時，此外，周末還得工作。setapart from: to makeappear special使出眾，使與眾不同e.g. (1) Its his intelligence that sets him apart from other st

33、udents. 正是他的才智使他不同于其他學生。 (2) His far-sightedness sets him apart from most of his contemporaries. 他的遠見使他和大多數(shù)同輩人不同。white-collar: a. 白領(lǐng)的，文職的，腦力勞動的e.g. My father is a white-collar worker. 我父親是個白領(lǐng)工人。white-collar由white和collar合成。collar為名詞，意為“the part of a shirt, coat, etc. that is folded over and goes arou

34、nd your neck衣領(lǐng)，領(lǐng)子；（狗等的）項圈”。e.g. (1) The wind was so cold that he turned his coat collar up. 風太冷了，所以他把外套的領(lǐng)子豎了起來。 (2) The dog slipped his collar. 狗掙脫了項圈。blue-collar藍領(lǐng)的，指工廠中穿著工作服的工人，與白領(lǐng)相對。no richer than: “no+比較級+than”結(jié)構(gòu)表示對兩個比較對象都進行否定，意為“和一樣都不”?？捎蒼eithernor結(jié)構(gòu)來改寫。 e.g. He is no taller than me. (=Neither

35、he nor I am tall.) 他和我一樣都不高。 注意：not +比較級+than表示在程度上前者不如后者，試比較：(1) His English is not better than mine. 他的英語不如我的好。(2) His English is no better than mine. 他的英語同我的一樣不好。第8頁/共46頁上海交通大學出版社上海交通大學出版社美心英語美心英語Intensive Reading 10 Because of her neat, simple, conservative way of dressing, her low voice, her qu

36、iet manners, Nancy was noticed by important women in the store. Sometimes they asked her to dine with them. She often met rich, handsome men at these dinners. 11 At first she was amazed by their fine ways. They were polite and well-dressed. They knew just which wine to order, which fork to use. They

37、 used big words when they talked. But all they talked about, Nancy soon discovered, was money. Without exception, they bragged about their huge homes, their huge bank deposits and their huge cars. 12 Sometimes, before the evening was over, Nancy found herself falling asleep. But she never turned dow

38、n an invitation. “Ill know the right one when he comes along,” she told herself. So she kept her lamp trimmed, adjusted so it would keep burning, in her heart.由于南希整潔、簡樸和保守的著裝風格，低沉的嗓音和安靜的舉止，商店的一些有地位的女人注意到了她。有時候她們會叫上她一起吃飯。席間她經(jīng)常會碰到富有英俊的男子。一開始，他們高雅的生活方式讓她大為驚奇。他們彬彬有禮，衣冠楚楚。他們確切地知道該點哪種葡萄酒，該用哪把叉子。談話時他們使用豪言壯

39、語。但是南希很快發(fā)現(xiàn)，他們談?wù)摰亩际清X。無一例外，他們都吹噓自己的大房子、大車子以及銀行的巨額存款。有時候，晚宴還沒結(jié)束南希就發(fā)現(xiàn)自己睡著了。但是她從不拒絕任何一個邀請?！拔业乃絹頃r，我自然會知道，”她告訴自己。于是她繼續(xù)修剪、調(diào)整她的燈盞，讓它在心中一直亮著。 Focus 1 Section IQuestion About Paras. 11-12(7) Did Nancy enjoy her dinners with the rich? Why or why not? No. Sometimes, before the evening was over, Nancy found hers

40、elf falling asleep. Because Nancy discovered that all they talked about was money. exception: n. C 例外e.g. (1) There are exceptions to every rule. 任何規(guī)則都有例外。 (2) I like all kinds of movies, with the exception of horror films. 我喜歡各種類型的電影，除了恐怖片。例句(2)中，出現(xiàn)了常用詞組“with the exception of”，意為“except; not includ

41、ing 除之外”。without exception: excepting nobody/nothing 無一例外，一律e.g. (1) All our students, without exception, have access to Internet. 所有學生無一例外都能上網(wǎng)。 (2) All his movies without exception are popular among young people. 他所有的電影無一例外都受到了年輕人的歡迎。deposit: n. C 儲蓄，存款；定錢，押金；沉積，沉積物e.g. (1) Because of the rise in p

42、rices people reduced their deposits in the bank. 由于物價上漲，人們減少了在銀行的存款。 (2) It requires a deposit of $100 to rent this apartment. 租這套公寓需要付100美元押金。 (3) There are rich deposits of gold in the hill. 那座山上有豐富的金礦。deposit還可用作動詞，意為“ 使沉淀，使沉積；存放，寄存；儲蓄；交押金”。在表示“使沉淀，使沉積”時，deposit用作不及物動詞；在其他情況下，用作及物動詞。e.g. (1) The

43、riverbed deposits gradually. (2) Deposit the sand here. (3) I deposited $1,000 in a bank. (4) To rent this apartment, you should first deposit $100. 。turn down: to refuse an offer or request, to reduce the level of sound or heat that a machine produces拒絕，駁回；關(guān)小，調(diào)低e.g. (1) They did offer me a job, but

44、 I turned it down. 他們確實給我提供了一份工作，但是我拒絕了。 (2) He asked Lisa to marry him, but she turned him down. 他要麗莎嫁給他，但是麗莎拒絕了。 (3) Could you turn the radio down please? 請你把收音機音量關(guān)小點好嗎？So she kept her lamp trimmed, adjusted so it would keep burning, in her heart. 于是她繼續(xù)修剪、調(diào)整她的燈盞，讓它在心中一直亮著。這句話是說南希心中一直抱著找個有錢丈夫的希望，但她

45、并沒盲目尋找，而是調(diào)整心態(tài)，以伺良機。第9頁/共46頁上海交通大學出版上海交通大學出版社社美心英語美心英語Intensive Reading 13 One night after work, she was surprised to find Dan waiting for her at the back door of the department store. He looked worried. 14 “Wheres Louise?” he asked. “She hasnt been home in three nights. The landlord said shed moved

46、all her things out. Have you heard from her?” 15 “No,” said Nancy. “Ive been busy with friends from the store. I didnt know Louise was gone.” 16 “Well, shes not at the laundry any more,” said Dan. “One of the girls saw her passing by in a big, fancy car. She was all dressed up. Maybe she caught one

47、of those millionaires you two were forever dreaming about.” 17 “Oh, Dan, dont say that! Wherever shes gone, I had nothing to do with it.” 18 “Im sorry,” said Dan. “Look, Ive got a couple of tickets for a show. Would you like to go?” 19 He looked very sad. Nancy smiled at him, and took his arm. “Of c

48、ourse I would. Id be glad to go with you, Dan.”一天晚上下班后，她驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)丹正在百貨商店的后門等她。他看起來愁眉苦臉的?！奥芬捉z在哪里？”他問道?！八呀?jīng)3晚沒回家了。房東說她把她所有的東西都搬出去了。你有沒有她的消息？”“沒有，”南希說?！拔乙恢焙蜕痰昀锏呐笥衙χ?。我不知道路易絲已經(jīng)走了?！薄八膊辉谙匆路抗ぷ髁?，”丹說?！坝袀€女孩看到她乘坐一輛大型豪華轎車經(jīng)過，渾身上下打扮得非常漂亮。也許她已經(jīng)把一個你們倆一直夢寐以求的百萬富翁弄到手了?！薄班?，丹，不要這么說！不管她去了哪里，都和我無關(guān)。”“對不起，”丹說?！翱?，我有兩張演出的票，你想去嗎？

49、”他看起來很傷心。南希微笑著挽住了他的胳膊?！爱斎涣?，我很高興跟你一起去，丹?！?Focus 1 Section IQuestion About Para. 14(8) Why did Dan come to find Nancy one day? Because Louise had moved away and he didnt know where she was.dressed up不表示被動，而是用作表語，表示一種狀態(tài)。all是副詞，用來強調(diào)語氣。dress up: to put on formal clothes for a special occasion 穿上盛裝，精心打扮，（

50、為演戲，參加化裝舞會等）著特殊服裝e.g. (1) Weddings are a great opportunity to dress up. 出席婚禮是穿盛裝的好機會。 (2) She is all dressed up for the ceremony. 她為典禮穿上盛裝。 (3) He dressed up as Superman for the party. 他化裝成超人去參加聚會。第10頁/共46頁上海交通大學出版社上海交通大學出版社美心英語美心英語Intensive Reading 20 Three months went by before Nancy saw Louise ag

51、ain. She was walking home from work through a quiet little park when a voice called out to her. 21 “Nancy!” 22 “Louise!” 23 The two were in each others arms, laughing, asking a thousand questions. 24 When they stepped apart and looked at each other. Nancy saw that Louise was dressed in satin, lace,

52、and fancy furs. Diamonds shone in her hair and on her wrists and fingers. 25 “You little fool!” cried Louise, giving Nancy a hug. “I see youre still working in that humble store, still as shabby and plain as ever. I guess you havent made that catch yet, have you?” Then Louise looked closely, and saw

53、 that something better than a rich husband had come into Nancys life. Her eyes were brighter than all of Louises diamonds, her cheeks pinker than the roses on Louises velvet hat.南希再次見到路易絲時已經(jīng)是3個月以后了。她下班后往家走，穿過一個僻靜的小公園時聽到有人叫她。“南希！”“路易絲！”她們抱在一起，笑著，問對方一連串的問題。當她們分開看著對方時，南?？吹铰芬捉z身上穿著綢緞、花邊和昂貴的皮衣。鉆石在她的發(fā)際、腕間和

54、手指上閃閃發(fā)光?！澳氵@個小傻瓜！”路易絲叫著，給了南希一個擁抱?！翱磥砟氵€在那家小商店工作，還是穿得這么破舊樸素。我猜你還沒有釣到自己的金龜婿，是吧？”然后路易絲仔細看了看，發(fā)現(xiàn)南希的生命中已經(jīng)擁有了比一個有錢的丈夫更美好的東西。她的眼睛比路易絲所有的鉆石都要耀眼，她的雙頰比路易絲天鵝絨帽子上的玫瑰更加紅潤。 Focus 1 Section IQuestion About Para. 24 (9) How did Louise look like when Nancy saw her again three months later? She was dressed in satin, lac

55、e and fancy furs and wore diamonds in her hair and on her wrists and fingers.humble: a. (of a thing) not large or special in any way不大的，沒有特別之處的；地位（或身份）低下的；謙遜的，謙虛的；恭順的e.g. (1) The poor man lives in a humble house. 那個窮人住在簡陋的屋子里。 (2) Some people have the wrong idea that being a cleaner is a humble occu

56、pation. 有些人錯誤地認為清潔工是卑下的職業(yè)。 (3) Knowledge makes humble; ignorance makes proud. 知識使人謙虛，無知使人驕傲。 (4) He is a humble servant. 他是個恭順的仆人。I guess you havent made that catch yet, have you? 我猜你還沒有釣到自己的金龜婿，是吧？本句為反義疑問句。catch在這里意為“a good person to marry理想的對象。”Her eyes were brighter than all of Louises diamonds,

57、her cheeks pinker than the roses on Louises velvet hat. 她的眼睛比路易絲所有的鉆石都要耀眼，她的雙頰比路易絲天鵝絨帽子上的玫瑰更加紅潤。本句是由and連接的并列句。兩個分句結(jié)構(gòu)完全一致，因此第二個分句中her cheeks 后面省略了be動詞were。第11頁/共46頁上海交通大學出版上海交通大學出版社社美心英語美心英語Intensive Reading 26 “Yes, Im still in the store,” said Nancy, “but Im leaving it next week. Ive made my catch,

58、 Louisethe optimal catch in the world. Im going to marry Dan, a man with all human merits! You dont mind, do you? Oh, Louise!” 27 Around the corner strolled a young policeman. He saw a strange sight. 28 On a bench by the fountain sat a sad rich lady in furs and jewels. She was sobbing as though her

59、heart would break. Bending over her, comforting her, was a shabby working girl in a thin casual cloth coat. 29 There was nothing he could do to help, thought the young man, strolling on. 30 Some things were beyond his understanding. “是的，我仍呆在那家商店，”南希說，“但是我下周要離開那里了。路易絲，我已經(jīng)找到了我的意中人這世上最理想的對象。我要嫁給丹了，一個擁有

60、人類所有美德的人！你不介意，是吧？噢，路易絲！”拐角處有個年輕的警察在溜達。他看到了這奇怪的一幕。一個穿裘皮、戴珠寶的有錢女士坐在噴水池旁的長凳上，顯得很悲傷。她抽噎的樣子好像心都要碎了。一個寒酸的打工女，身穿單薄隨便的布料外套，正俯身安慰她。年輕人心想他幫不上什么忙，于是走開了。有些事情是他無法理解的。 Focus 1 Section IQuestion About Paras. 26 & 28(10) What did Nancy say that made Louise heartbroken? Nancy said that she was going to marry Dan. Be