1、專業(yè)英語八級(jí)翻譯-14（ 總分： 100.00 ，做題時(shí)間： 90 分鐘 ）一、BTRANSLATION/B（總題數(shù)：0，分?jǐn)?shù)：0.00）二、BSECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH/B（總題數(shù)：3，分?jǐn)?shù)：50.00）1.參與并取勝， 這就是奧林匹克精神。 它表現(xiàn)于弱者敢于向強(qiáng)者挑戰(zhàn)， 也表現(xiàn)于強(qiáng)者力爭(zhēng)取得更好的成績。 勝而又勝，優(yōu)而更優(yōu)，這種理想一直鼓舞著運(yùn)動(dòng)員奮力前進(jìn)。他會(huì)盡其所能，永不松懈，永不罷休。有人 說競(jìng)技者終究會(huì)是失敗者， 即使是最佳運(yùn)動(dòng)員也終將被更強(qiáng)者淘汰。 成千上萬個(gè)失敗者才涌現(xiàn)一個(gè)勝利者， 這個(gè)勝利者最終仍將被取代，擠出光榮榜這就是競(jìng)技運(yùn)動(dòng)的規(guī)律。然而運(yùn)動(dòng)

2、員卻從不為這種不可避免 的失敗結(jié)局所沮喪，仍然力爭(zhēng)最佳發(fā)揮。實(shí)在到了自知技窮之時(shí)，他會(huì)愉快地退下來，讓位給年輕的優(yōu)勝 者，并對(duì)自己在奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng)中爭(zhēng)取更好成績盡了一份力而心滿意足。他會(huì)自豪地說他的青春沒有虛度。 （分?jǐn)?shù)： 15.00 ）正確答案： (To participateand to win that is the Olympic spirit. It finds expression in the weakdaring to defy the strong, and the strong striving for ever better performance. Ever better

3、 the ideal always lures asportsman forward. He will do everything he can for it, never relax, never give up. It is said that none of the competitorscan avoid being defeated even the best is bound to be surpassed by someone still stronger. This is the rule of sports thousands of losers to set off one

4、 victor who in turn will eventually be replaced by someone on the honour list.However. undaunted by the inevitable failure, he is always striving to do the best he can. When the time comes and heknows he cant, he will step down happily to give place to the younger winner, aware contentedly of the fa

5、ct that he hasdone his bit for the ever better records of the Olympic Games. He will say proudly that he has not lived his youth invain.) 解析： 解析1 它表現(xiàn)于弱者敢于向強(qiáng)者挑戰(zhàn)，也表現(xiàn)于強(qiáng)者力爭(zhēng)取得更好的成績：句中“弱者”和“強(qiáng) 者”可分別譯為 the weak 和 the strong 。“挑戰(zhàn)”可譯為 defy 或 challenge ?！氨憩F(xiàn)于”可譯為 finds expression in 或shows itself 。 2 勝而又勝，優(yōu)而更優(yōu)，

6、這種理想一直鼓舞著運(yùn)動(dòng)員奮力前進(jìn)：句中 “勝而又勝，優(yōu)而更優(yōu)”意譯為ever better 即可，“這種理想”即 ever better ，因此該句可譯為 Ever better the ideal always lures a sportsmanforward。“鼓舞. 奮力前進(jìn)”還可譯為inspire/encourage.going ahead/fighting ones way。 3 他會(huì)盡其所能，永不松懈，永不罷休：第四句中“他會(huì)盡其所能”可譯為he will do everything he can for it ，或 he will do his best for it ?！坝啦涣T

7、休”即永不放棄，譯為never give up 即可?！八尚浮边€可譯為 let up 或 slacken off 。 4 有人說競(jìng)技者終究會(huì)是失敗者：譯為 It is said that none of the competitors can avoid being defeated 或 some say that itis inevitable for the competitors to be defeated in the end。 5 終將：可譯為 is bound to 。 6 被淘汰：可譯為 be surpassed 。 7 更強(qiáng)者：若簡單譯為 the stronger 則容易產(chǎn)

8、生歧義，因?yàn)?the best 已經(jīng)是最好的了，按照邏輯 the stronger 不可能超越。此處“更強(qiáng)者”在文中顯 然指“后來者居上”的情況， 故可譯為 someonestill stronger 或 the later comers who are even stronger 8 涌現(xiàn)：指產(chǎn)生、出現(xiàn)，可譯為set off 。9 .這個(gè)勝利者榮榜：是對(duì)“一個(gè)勝利者”的補(bǔ)充說明，因而可譯為定語從句 who in turn will eventually be replaced by someone on the honour list 。 10從 不為這種不可避免的失敗結(jié)局所沮喪： 可譯為分

9、詞短語的形式， 從而體現(xiàn)譯文的多樣化， 該部分可譯為 undaunted by the inevitable failure或 never upset/discouraged by the inescapable failure 。 11.力 爭(zhēng)最佳發(fā)揮：可譯為 is always striving to do the besthe can或 exerts himself to the uttermost。12.實(shí)在到了自知技窮之時(shí)：即“到了自己力不從心之時(shí)”，可譯為when the time comes and he knowshe cant 。 13 .他會(huì)愉快地退下來，讓位給年輕的優(yōu)勝者

10、：可合譯為一句 he will step down happily to give place to theyounger winner。14 .并對(duì)自己在奧林匹克運(yùn)動(dòng). 而心滿意足：譯為形容詞短語aware contentedly of the fact that he has done his bit for the ever better records of the Olympic Games。2.U 你能怎么辦呢 ?對(duì)于這個(gè)好老太太。郵差先生費(fèi)了半天唇舌，終于又走到街上來了。小城的陽光照 在他的花白頭頂上，他的模樣既尊貴又從容，并有一種特別風(fēng)韻，看見他你會(huì)當(dāng)他是趁便出來散步的。說 實(shí)

11、話他又何必緊張，他手里的信反正總有時(shí)間全部送到，那么在這個(gè)小城里，另外難道還會(huì)有什么事等候 他嗎 ?雖然他有時(shí)候是這樣抱歉，他為這個(gè)小城送來不，這種事是很少有的，但愿它不常有。/UU “送信的，有我的信嗎 ?”正走間，一個(gè)愛開玩笑的小子忽然攔住他的去路。/U U “你的信嗎?”郵差先生笑了?！澳愕男胚€沒有來，這會(huì)兒正在路上睡覺呢?！?U 郵差先生拿著信，順著街道走下去，沒有一輛車子阻礙他，沒有一種聲音教他分心。陽光充足的照到街岸上、屋脊上和墻壁上，整個(gè) 小城都在寂靜的光耀中。他身上要出汗，他心里假使不為尊重自己的一把年紀(jì)跟好胡子，他真想大聲 哼唱小曲。為此他深深贊嘆：這個(gè)小城的天氣多好 !（分

12、數(shù)：15.00 ）正確答案： （What else could he do with this good old lady? After doing a lot of explaining, Mr. Postmanwas finally on his way down the street again. With the top of his greying head bathed in the small town sunlight, helooked dignified and calm with a characteristic bearing of his own. People wo

13、uld probably think he was out taking a walkat his leisure. In fact, he had no need for hurrying at all. He had plenty of time to finish delivering all the mail in his hand.Could there be anything urgent in this town calling for his prompt attention? Yes, once in a while, to his great regret, hedid d

14、eliver a letter with a bit of unhappy news. It was very seldom though, and he wished it would never happen again.Hey, any letter for me? a playful youngster suddenly stopped him. Your letter? Mr. Postman smiled, It hasnt arrivedyet. For this moment, its dozing on its way.）解析： 解析 1你能怎么辦呢 ?對(duì)于這個(gè)好老太太：兩句

15、可合譯為一句What else could he do with thisgood old lady? 2 費(fèi)了半天唇舌：指經(jīng)好一番解釋，可譯為 doing a lot of explaining 。 3 他的模 樣既尊貴又從容：可轉(zhuǎn)譯為句子 He looked dignified and calm 。 4 并有一種特別風(fēng)韻：指具有他自己 的性格魅力，可轉(zhuǎn)譯為介詞短語 with a characteristic bearing of his own 。 5 花白頭頂：不宜譯為 white top of his head,白發(fā)”對(duì)應(yīng)的英語常為grey hair ,故此處應(yīng)譯為 the top o

16、f his greying head。6看見他你會(huì)當(dāng)他是趁便出來散步的：句中的“你”為泛指，譯為people 或 you 均可。“趁便”在此可靈活譯為 at his leisure 。 7說實(shí)話他又何必緊張： 可獨(dú)立譯為一句 In fact, he had no need for hurrying at all. 8 他手里的信反正總有時(shí)間全部送到：可譯為主動(dòng)句式 He had plenty of time to finish delivering all the mail in his hand 9 雖然他有時(shí)候是這樣抱歉：指他有時(shí)會(huì)感到遺憾，可譯為once in a while ， to

17、his great regret 。 10他為這個(gè)小城送來：根據(jù)上下文，他送來的應(yīng)該是壞消息， 翻譯時(shí)應(yīng)把這層意思體現(xiàn)出來，即 he did deliver a letter with a bit of unhappy news。 11 但愿它不常有：施動(dòng)者應(yīng)該是郵差先生，故譯文中可增添主語 he,該句可譯為 he wished it would never happenagain 。 12 攔住他的去路：簡潔譯為stopped him 即可。3. 七十五歲時(shí)重返文壇，丁玲沒有時(shí)間為自己的遭遇呻吟嘆息。她就像年輕人一樣急切地捧出了一枝報(bào)春 的紅杏杜晚香，忘情地投入新的生活和創(chuàng)作。她奔波于大江南

18、北，游歷于歐、關(guān)、澳大陸，會(huì)見 各種人，發(fā)表演說，奮筆疾書，寫散文，寫評(píng)論，每年都有十多萬字的新作，每年都有新書問世。晚年的 丁玲，迎來了一個(gè)寶貴的創(chuàng)作旺盛期。她珍惜夕陽的余輝，計(jì)劃在有生之年再寫三本書。（分?jǐn)?shù)： 20.00 ） 正確答案： (When she reentered the literary circle at the age of 75, Ding Ling spared no time forgroaning over her miserable past. Instead, she, like a vigorous youth, urgently presented her

19、 new book Du Wanxiang,a harbinger-of-spring of her rebirth, and completely devoted herself tothe anew life and creation. Her time was spent on rushing about the land, traveling around Europe, America, andAustralia, meeting people from all walks of life, and making lectures. Meanwhile, she kept on sp

20、eeding her pen, whichled to a yearly production, essays and reviews, of more than 100,000 words. With new books published every year,Ding Ling, in her late life, stepped intoa highly productive period of creation. Enjoying the sun-setting twilight of her life, she planned to write another threebooks

21、 for the rest of her life.)解析： 解析 1 七十五歲時(shí)重返文壇，丁玲沒有時(shí)間為自己的遭遇呻吟嘆息：句中“重返文壇”可譯為 reentered theliterary circle ?！皼]有時(shí)問”在此可譯為 had no time 或 spared no time ，“遭遇” 指過去的悲慘經(jīng)歷，可譯為 themiserable past ?！吧胍鲊@息”在此可譯為 to groan over 或 to complain and sigh 。 2 她就像年輕人一樣急切地捧出了一枝報(bào)春的紅杏杜晚香，忘情地投入新的生活和 創(chuàng)作： 此句與上句構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系， 增譯 instead

22、 一詞可以更好地承接上文。 杜晚香 是丁玲的一本新書， 譯文中應(yīng)體現(xiàn)這一點(diǎn)，即增譯出 her new book?！巴榈赝度搿奔慈娜馔度?，譯為 completely devotedherself ?！芭醭觥辈灰酥弊g為 brought out ，在此指出版書籍，故譯為 presented 更符合文意。 3她奔 波于大江南北，游歷于歐、美、澳大陸，會(huì)見各種人，發(fā)表演說，奮筆疾書，寫散文，寫評(píng)論，每年都有 十多萬字的新作。每年都有新書問世： 此句很長， 為典型的流水句， 可進(jìn)行斷句處理， “奔波發(fā)表演 說”可單獨(dú)譯為一句， “奮筆疾書新書問世”另為一句，其中“奮筆疾書”的結(jié)果是“每年都有十多 萬

23、字的新作”，翻譯時(shí)要體現(xiàn)出這種因果關(guān)系。4奔波于大江南北：可意譯為rushing about the land 。5會(huì)見各種人：可譯為 meeting people from all walks of life 。 6奮筆疾書：可譯為 kept on speeding her pen。 7 寫散文， 寫評(píng)論： 可轉(zhuǎn)譯為名詞詞組 essays and reviews ，作為 production 的同位語。 8晚 年的丁玲： 可譯為 DingLing, in her late life 。 9迎來了： 即步入的意思， 可譯為 stepped into 。 10旺 盛期：可譯為 a highly

24、productiveperiod 或 a flourishing period 。 11 她珍惜夕陽的余輝，計(jì)劃在 有生之年再寫三本書：此句可將前半部分譯為現(xiàn)在分詞短語，后半部分譯為主句。“夕陽的余輝”指的是 晚年的時(shí)光，可譯為 the sun-setting twilight of her life?！坝猩辍笨勺g為 for the rest of herlife 。三、BSECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE/B（總題數(shù)：3，分?jǐn)?shù)：50.00）4.My fellow Americans, you, too, must play your part in our rene

25、wal. I challenge a new generation of youngAmericans to a season of service, to act on your idealism, by helping troubled children, keeping company with those inneed, reconnecting our tom communities. There is so much to be done. Enough, indeed, for millions of others who arestill young in spirit, to

26、 give of themselves in service, too. In serving we recognize a simple, but powerful, truth: we needeach other, and we must care for one another. Today we do more than celebrate America, we rededicate ourselves tothe very idea of America, an idea bona in revolution, and renewed through two centuries

27、of challenge, an idea temperedby the knowledge that but for fate, we, the fortunate and the unfortunate, might have been each other; an idea ennobledby the faith that our nation can summon from its myriad diversity, the deepest measure of unity; an idea infused with theconviction that Americas long,

28、 heroic journey must go forever upward.（分?jǐn)?shù)： 15.00 ）正確答案： （ 同胞們，在我國復(fù)興的過程中，你們也必須發(fā)揮自己的力量。我向新一代美國年輕人挑戰(zhàn)，要 求你們投入這一奉獻(xiàn)的季節(jié)按照你們的理想主義行動(dòng)起來，使不幸的兒童得到幫助，使貧困的人們得 到關(guān)懷，使四分五裂的社區(qū)恢復(fù)聯(lián)系。要做的事情很多確實(shí)夠多的，以至于幾百萬在精神上仍然年輕 的人也可以奉獻(xiàn)自己的力量。在奉獻(xiàn)過程中，我們認(rèn)識(shí)到相互需要這一簡單而又強(qiáng)大的真理，我們必須相 互關(guān)心。今天，我們不僅是在贊頌美國，我們?cè)僖淮伟炎约悍瞰I(xiàn)給美國的理想：這個(gè)理想在革命中誕生， 在兩個(gè)世紀(jì)的挑戰(zhàn)中更新；這個(gè)理

29、想經(jīng)受了認(rèn)識(shí)的考驗(yàn)，大家認(rèn)識(shí)到，若不是命運(yùn)的安排，幸運(yùn)者和不幸 者有可能互換位置；這個(gè)理想由于一種信念而變得崇高，即我國能夠從紛繁的多樣性中實(shí)現(xiàn)最深刻的統(tǒng)一 性；這個(gè)理想洋溢著一種信心：美國漫長而英勇的旅程必將永遠(yuǎn)繼續(xù)。）解析： 解析 1 My fellow Americans ：譯為“同胞們”即可。2in our renewal：譯為“在我國復(fù)興的過程中”。 3challenge ：一詞直指人心，含有“挑戰(zhàn)，要求”之意，具有很強(qiáng)的號(hào)召力。4a seasonof service :為名詞短語，在此可譯為“這一奉獻(xiàn)的季節(jié)”。5. act on：譯為“按.行動(dòng)”。 6. keepingcompan

30、y with :本義為“與.結(jié)交”，在此引申譯為“使.得到關(guān)懷”。7. There is so much to bedone. Enough, indeed, for millions of others who are still young in spirit, to give of themselves in service, too. In servingwe recognize a simple, but powerful, truth: we need each other, andwe must care for one another ：后句是對(duì)前句的具體說明，因此可借助破折號(hào)

31、將兩句合譯為一句。give of譯為“奉獻(xiàn)，貢獻(xiàn)”。 8 in serving ：可譯為“在奉獻(xiàn)過程中”。9 we must care for one another ：獨(dú)立譯成一句，使語氣得到加強(qiáng)。10. do more than :不可譯為“做得比多”，而是譯為“不僅僅”。11 rededicate ourselves to：譯為“再一次把自己奉獻(xiàn)給”。 12 tempered by the knowledge ：譯為“經(jīng)受了認(rèn)識(shí)的考驗(yàn)”。13 an idea ennobled by the faith that.of unity： that 引導(dǎo)的是 faith的同位語從句，翻譯是通常以

32、“即”一詞引出同位語的內(nèi)容。該部分可譯為“這個(gè)理想由于一種信念而變 得崇高，即.的統(tǒng)一性”。14 .infused with:可譯為“洋溢著，也可譯為“充滿，貫穿”。5.Alllanguages change over a period of time, for reasons which are imperfectly understood. Or rather, since speech is reallya form of human activity, like dancing or playing the pianoandnot an entity in itselfit is mo

33、re exact to say that each successive generation behaveslinguistically in a slightly different manner from its predecessors. In his teens the young manis impatient of what he considers to be the unduly stilted vocabulary and pronunciation of his elders and he likes toshow how up to date he is by the

34、use of the latest slang, but as the years go by some of his slang becomes standardusage and in any case he slowly grows less receptive to linguistic novelties, so that by the time he reaches his forties hewill probably be lamenting the slipshod speech of the younger generation, quite unaware that so

35、me of the expressionsusedin church and law-court were frowned upon by his own parents.（分?jǐn)?shù): 15.00 ）正確答案: （ 所有語言經(jīng)過一段時(shí)間就會(huì)演變，其變化的原因是無法完全弄清楚的。或者更確切地說，由于 言語實(shí)際上是人類活動(dòng)的一種形式，就像跳舞或彈鋼琴一樣其本身并非是一個(gè)實(shí)體每一代人在語 言的運(yùn)用上總與上一代人略有不同。在十幾歲的年輕人看來，年齡大一點(diǎn)的人講話用詞過于刻板拘謹(jǐn)，發(fā) 音很不自然。年輕人厭惡這一套，他們喜歡用最新的俚語以示自己時(shí)髦。可是，隨著歲月的流逝，他們用 的俚語中的一部分變成了正式用語

36、， 他們本人到頭來也漸漸地不再那么容易接受語言中新奇的東西。 這樣， 當(dāng)他們年過四十以后，聽著青年一代馬虎隨便的言談也會(huì)大搖其頭。殊不知，現(xiàn)今在教堂和法庭被人們一 本正經(jīng)地使用著的部分詞語和發(fā)音也正是當(dāng)年引得他們的父母皺眉不止的東西。）解析: 解析 1 for reasons which are imperfectly understood:可譯為“其變化的原因是無法完全弄清楚的”。 2entity :譯為“實(shí)體”。3each successive generation :是相對(duì)于下文的 predecessors而言的，故前者可譯為“每一代人”，而后者譯為“上一代人”。4 in his tee

37、ns the young man :可靈活譯為“十幾歲的年輕人”。5what he considers.of his elders:是年輕人對(duì)年齡大的人持有的看法，可先譯出來。 unduly stilted 本義為“過度不自然的，極為僵硬的”，作 vocabulary and pronunciation 的共同形容詞， unduly stilted vocabulary 譯為“講話用詞過于刻板拘謹(jǐn)”，而 unduly stilted pronunciation 則譯為“發(fā)音很不自然”。接著再譯出 is impatient of ，即“年輕人厭惡這一套”。6. up to date :可譯為時(shí)髦

38、的， 現(xiàn)代的”。7. slowly grows less receptive to linguistic novelties :譯為“漸漸地不再那么容易接受語言中新奇的東西”。8 . lament :本義為“哀嘆，痛惜”，在此可譯為“大搖其頭”。 9 . slipshod :譯為“隨便的，漫不經(jīng)心的”。6.Hawthorne reverted to the same symbol in a notebook entry seven years later, and in 1847 began work on what wasto be his greatest achievement, The

39、 Scarlet Letter. Such letters were actually worn in colonial New England; instanceshave been recorded of a D for Drunkard, and even of anI, signifying Incest. They furnished Hawthorne with just the combination of moral and material that he could handle:here was a type bodied forth: here also was a s

40、ecret thing in public.However, despite its near-perfect construction, few great books have been more hesitantly produced.Worries over money prevented him from giving his whole mind to the story. He was troubled by itshell-fired quality, and tried to make the book more attractive by supplying a lengthy preamble on the Salem CustomHouse. Moreover, apart from his immature Fanshawe, Hawthorne had not written anything longer than magazinestories. If his publisher had not b