1、液壓系統(tǒng)泄漏控制【摘要】液壓系統(tǒng)泄露的主要因素是液壓系統(tǒng)固體顆粒污染造成的,其次是密封件質(zhì)量在設(shè)計(jì)、制造及日常使用維護(hù)時(shí)的保證,根據(jù)以上因素,確定了防止液壓系統(tǒng)泄露的措施。    【關(guān)鍵詞】液壓系統(tǒng)固體顆粒密封件質(zhì)量保證    一、泄漏的危害    三漏(漏油、漏水、漏氣)問題到目前為止仍舊是工程機(jī)械的頑疾,尤其是液壓系統(tǒng)泄漏影響著系統(tǒng)工作的安全性、可靠性,造成油液浪費(fèi)、污染周圍環(huán)境、增加機(jī)器的停工時(shí)間、降低生產(chǎn)率、增加生產(chǎn)成本及對(duì)產(chǎn)品造成污損,因此,對(duì)液壓系統(tǒng)的泄漏我們必須加以控制。 

2、0;  二、泄漏的因素    通常液壓機(jī)械所用的液壓油,均由于使用與管理的不當(dāng),使可繼續(xù)使用的油成為廢油,不但造成無謂的浪費(fèi),增加了維護(hù)成本,更造成環(huán)境的污染。幾乎所有的液壓系統(tǒng)的泄漏都是在使用一段時(shí)間后由于以下幾個(gè)原因引起的:(1)液壓系統(tǒng)固體顆粒污染,導(dǎo)致密封件及配合件相互磨損;(2)設(shè)計(jì)及制造的缺陷;(3)沖擊和振動(dòng)造成管接頭松動(dòng);(4)油溫過高及橡膠密    封與液壓油不相容而變質(zhì)。    三、泄漏因素及控制措施    (一)液壓系統(tǒng)固體顆粒污染的分析和控制

3、    1.液壓系統(tǒng)污染物的來源液壓系統(tǒng)的污染源主要有潛在污染物、再生污染物和浸入污染物。液壓系統(tǒng)中的污染物的類型大致可分為固體顆粒、空氣、水、化學(xué)物質(zhì)和微生物等,其中,固體顆粒污染發(fā)生的最為普遍。    2.固體顆粒的危害與產(chǎn)生的原因(1)固體顆粒的組成    主要由剝落物、膠質(zhì)、金屬粉末、空氣中帶來的粉塵、砂子、研磨粉、沉積物和纖維等組成。    (2)固體顆粒的主要來源    系統(tǒng)硬管管道內(nèi)壁附著的片狀鐵銹,酸洗后殘留在管內(nèi)的化學(xué)藥品類;硬

4、管在切割和套絲等加工過程中存留的鐵屑;密封件、密封圈殘?jiān)?高壓軟管總成內(nèi)部灰塵及部分接頭部位殘留膠狀碎片;液壓系統(tǒng)裝配現(xiàn)場(chǎng)由于環(huán)境因素進(jìn)入管道內(nèi)部的石子、塵土等,這種情況并不多見;液壓元件內(nèi)部存留的型砂殘留物、加工鐵屑、密封殘?jiān)取?#160;   (3)固體顆粒污染的危害    粘著和堵塞過濾器孔眼和各種間隙、通道,從而使液壓泵運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)困難,產(chǎn)生氣蝕和躁聲;破壞潤(rùn)滑油膜,增大機(jī)器的摩擦力和磨損。磨損會(huì)導(dǎo)致液壓元件產(chǎn)生泄露,效率降低,使用壽命縮短甚至損壞;加速密封材料磨損,增加外泄漏量;部分或全部堵塞液壓元件的孔隙,使控制元件動(dòng)作失靈;固體顆粒中的

5、金屬和金屬化合物粒子會(huì)對(duì)油液的氧化,變質(zhì)起催化作用,油液的氧化將劣化油液質(zhì)量,降低潤(rùn)滑性能,導(dǎo)致密封件或運(yùn)動(dòng)部件磨損加劇,使泄漏發(fā)生。    當(dāng)元件的間隙被固體顆粒所淤塞,會(huì)產(chǎn)生磨損的鏈?zhǔn)椒磻?yīng),使系統(tǒng)元件進(jìn)一步磨損,產(chǎn)生更多的固體顆粒。采取有效措施去除油液污染物,尤其是固體污染物,是保證工程機(jī)械液壓系統(tǒng)正常工作的前提。    3.防污措施    (1)設(shè)計(jì)階段的污染控制    在設(shè)計(jì)階段,應(yīng)慎重選用易于產(chǎn)生顆粒雜質(zhì)而污染系統(tǒng)油液的裝置、結(jié)構(gòu)等。如從控制固體顆粒污染角度,寧可選

6、凸緣連接結(jié)構(gòu)而少用管接頭,因?yàn)檠b配維修時(shí)管接頭產(chǎn)生大量磨屑;油箱呼吸口設(shè)計(jì)位置高一些,并盡量掩蔽些,以防雨水和灰塵侵入;軟管可選用加襯里的油管等等。在設(shè)計(jì)階段最重要的是濾油器的設(shè)計(jì)和選擇?？煽紤]在對(duì)液壓油污染較敏感的液壓元件進(jìn)油處及容易產(chǎn)生磨屑的液壓元件的回油處增設(shè)吸油濾油器,在關(guān)鍵性液壓元件的進(jìn)油口設(shè)置輔助濾油器,在污染物侵入量大的系統(tǒng)中,安裝旁路過濾,改善清潔度,延長(zhǎng)濾油器使用壽命等等。    (2)制造階段的污染控制    外攜外購(gòu)件如各種閥、高壓軟管、缸等以及液壓油要嚴(yán)格進(jìn)行進(jìn)廠檢驗(yàn)。關(guān)鍵件需進(jìn)行加載、拋光和清洗。除外購(gòu)的液壓

7、元件以及一些軟管外,在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)配制的液壓管道必須經(jīng)過酸洗除銹。管道按以下工藝流程進(jìn)行:脫脂、酸洗、中和、鈍化、干燥、涂油、封閉。酸洗前應(yīng)將經(jīng)過脫脂處理后的管子用凈化壓力水沖去關(guān)內(nèi)外壁的堿性溶液和洗去油污。所有密封面、絲扣等必須涂油覆蓋以后才能進(jìn)行清洗。    酸洗處理后,必須對(duì)管道進(jìn)行打壓沖洗,打壓沖洗是液壓系統(tǒng)裝配過程中非常重要的環(huán)節(jié)。管道經(jīng)過打壓沖洗以后,可以將管道中雜質(zhì)沖去。沖洗時(shí)重點(diǎn)對(duì)焊口、法蘭、變徑、三通及彎頭部位定時(shí)進(jìn)行均勻敲打,使這些部位的雜質(zhì)振落隨油一起沖走。    應(yīng)注意管道的酸洗與打壓沖洗應(yīng)在裝配前進(jìn)行,因?yàn)檫^早進(jìn)行這

8、些處理而長(zhǎng)期擱置不用,管道裝配時(shí)仍有生銹的可能性。    (二)密封件質(zhì)量保證    1.減少動(dòng)密封件的磨損(1)消除活塞桿和驅(qū)動(dòng)軸密封件上的側(cè)載荷;(2)用防塵圈、防護(hù)罩和橡膠套保護(hù)活塞桿,防止磨料、粉塵等雜質(zhì)進(jìn)入;(3)設(shè)計(jì)選取合適的過濾裝置和便于清洗的油箱以防止粉塵在油液中累積;(4)使活塞桿和軸的速度盡可能低。    2.設(shè)計(jì)及制造缺陷的解決方法    (1)液壓元件外配套的選擇在液壓系統(tǒng)的泄漏中起著決定性的影響。在新產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)、老產(chǎn)品的改進(jìn)中,對(duì)缸、泵、閥件、密封件、

9、液壓輔件等的選擇,要本著好中選優(yōu)、優(yōu)中選廉原則慎重的、有比較的進(jìn)行。    (2)合理設(shè)計(jì)安裝面和密封面。當(dāng)閥組或管路固定在安裝面上時(shí),為了得到滿意的初始密封和防止密封件被擠出溝槽和被磨損,安裝面要平直;密封面要求精加工,表面粗糙度要達(dá)到0.8m,平面度要達(dá)到0.01/100mm,表面不能有徑向劃痕,連接螺釘?shù)念A(yù)緊力要足夠大,以防止表面分離。    (3)在制造及運(yùn)輸過程中要防止關(guān)鍵表面磕碰、劃傷,對(duì)裝配調(diào)試過程進(jìn)行嚴(yán)格監(jiān)控,保證裝配質(zhì)量。    3.減少?zèng)_擊和振動(dòng)    (

10、1)使用減震支架固定所有管子以便吸收沖擊和振動(dòng);(2)使用低沖擊閥或蓄能器來減少?zèng)_擊;(3)適當(dāng)布置壓力控制閥來保護(hù)系統(tǒng)的所有元件;(4)盡量減少管接頭的使用數(shù)量,管接頭盡量用焊接連接;(5)使用直螺紋接頭,三通接頭和彎頭代替錐管螺紋接頭;(6)盡量用回油塊代替各個(gè)配管;(7)針對(duì)使用的最高壓力,規(guī)定安裝時(shí)使用螺栓的扭矩和堵頭扭矩,防止結(jié)合面和密封件被蠶食;(8)正確安裝管接頭。    4.對(duì)靜密封件的要求    靜密封件在剛性固定表面之間防止油液外泄。合理設(shè)計(jì)密封槽尺寸及公差,使安裝后的密封件到一定擠壓產(chǎn)生變形以便填塞配合表面的微觀

11、凹陷,并把密封件內(nèi)應(yīng)力提高到高于被密封的壓力。    5.控制油溫防止密封件變質(zhì)    密封件過早變質(zhì)可能是由多種因素引起的,一個(gè)重要因素是油溫過高。溫度每升高10則密封件壽命就會(huì)減半,所以應(yīng)合理設(shè)計(jì)高效液壓系統(tǒng)或設(shè)置強(qiáng)制冷卻裝置,使最佳油液溫度保持在65以下,工程機(jī)械不許超過80。    四、結(jié)論    泄漏產(chǎn)生的原因和主要部位在液壓系統(tǒng)中,從元件到輔件,從油箱到液壓泵、液壓缸等各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié),都可能存在泄漏問題,造成泄漏的原因也很多,本文強(qiáng)調(diào)以下幾個(gè)方面:(1)振動(dòng)和沖擊。(2

12、)由間隙變大而使產(chǎn)生泄漏或者使得泄漏增加。(3)從實(shí)際維修中發(fā)現(xiàn),液壓系統(tǒng)中的顆粒物污染是加劇間隙增大和密封件失效的重要原因。    油液的清潔、油液的注入、油液的過濾;元件的清潔、裝配的清潔、裝配的規(guī)范;調(diào)試及工作中的正確使用等都是對(duì)液壓系統(tǒng)的保護(hù),同時(shí)降低了泄漏的可能性。泄漏的控制大致可從油液、元件、使用三方面來保證,而保持液壓系統(tǒng)的清潔無污染,是維系系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)使用壽命并可有效控制泄漏的簡(jiǎn)單易行的措施。Hydraulic system leakage control 【 abstract 】 the main factors of hydraulic syst

13、em leak is hydraulic system pollution caused by solid particles, the second is the seal quality in the design, manufacture and use daily maintenance guarantee, according to the above factors, determine the measures to prevent the hydraulic system leak. 【 key words 】 solid particle seal quality assur

14、ance in the hydraulic system A, the dangers of leakage Three leakage (oil, water and air) problem so far is still a construction machinery's ills, especially hydraulic system leak affects the safety of the system work, reliability, oil waste, pollution caused by the surrounding environment, incr

15、ease the machine downtime, lower productivity, increase the cost of production and the product cause defiled, therefore, to control the hydraulic system leak we must be. Second, the leakage of factors Usually used in the hydraulic machinery hydraulic oil, due to the improper use and management, make

16、 can continue to use the oil waste oil, not only cause unnecessary waste, and increases the maintenance costs, cause environmental pollution. Almost all of the leakage of the hydraulic system is in use after a period of time due to several reasons: (1) the hydraulic system of solid particle pollutio

17、n, lead to seal and cooperate with each other wear; (2) design and manufacturing defects; (3) the impact and vibration caused by loose coupling; (4) the oil temperature is too high and rubber Seal and hydraulic oil are incompatible and metamorphism. Three, leakage factors and control measures (a) hy

18、draulic system analysis and control of solid particle pollution 1. The source of the hydraulic system of pollutants in hydraulic system of pollution sources are potential contaminants, regeneration of pollutants and immersed pollutants. The type of contamination in hydraulic system can be roughly di

19、vided into solid grain, air, water, chemical and microbiological etc, among them, the most common solid particle contamination. 2. The cause of the harm of solid particles with (1) the composition of solid particles Mainly by exfoliation, glue, metal powder, in the air with dust, sand, abrasive powd

20、er, sediment and fiber, etc. (2) the main source of solid particles (1) the system hard tube wall of pipeline caused by attached sheet rust, acid chemical residue in the tube after class; (2) hard tube in the process of cutting and set of silk of iron; (3) the seals, sealing ring residue; (4) high p

21、ressure hose assembly residual colloidal dust and part of the joint parts in pieces; (5) the hydraulic system assembly site due to environmental factors into the pipe internal stones, dust, etc, this kind of situation does not see more; 6 left hydraulic components inside green sand residue, residue

22、processing iron filings, seal, etc. (3) the dangers of solid particle pollution 1) adhesive and blocking filter hole and all sorts of clearance, the channel, so that the hydraulic pump operation difficulty, cavitation and noisy; (2) destroy the lubricating oil film, the friction and wear machine. We

23、ar and tear can lead to leaking hydraulic components, low efficiency, shorten the service life and even damage; (3) to accelerate the seal material wear, increase the leakage; (4) some or all of the jam the pore of hydraulic components, motion control components, failure; (5) the particles of the so

24、lid metal and metal compound particles of oil oxidation, metamorphic catalysis, the oxidation of oil degradation oil quality, reduce the lubrication performance, lead to seal or moving parts wear, make the leakage. When components of clearance is silted up by solid particles to produce wear chain re

25、action, make the system components further wear and produce more of the solid particles. Take effective measures to remove the oil contamination, especially solid pollutants, is the premise of guarantee the normal work of the engineering machinery hydraulic system. 3. The anti-fouling measures (1) t

26、he design phase of the pollution control At the design stage, we should carefully choose prone to grain impurity and oil pollution system device, structure, etc. Such as from the control Angle of solid particle pollution, would rather choose pipe fittings, flange connection structure and use less be

27、cause assembly pipe joint when maintenance produces a large number of wear debris; Tank breathing mouth design position higher, and try to hide, to prevent rain and dirt intrusion; Hose can choose add lined tubing and so on. In the design phase is the most important is the design and choice of oil f

28、ilter. May be considered on hydraulic components of hydraulic oil pollution sensitive feed place and prone to wear debris of hydraulic components of additional oil absorption, oil filter, oil return place auxiliary oil filter is set in the inlet of the key hydraulic components, in a large quantity o

29、f pollutants into the system, install by-pass filtering, improve cleanliness, prolong the service life of filter and so on. (2) the manufacturing phase of the pollution control Outside with purchased components such as all kinds of valves, high pressure hose, cylinder and the hydraulic oil into the

30、factory inspection strictly. Key-module need to load, polishing and cleaning. Except for hydraulic components and some hose, prepared at the scene of hydraulic pipe pickling must be made. Pipeline according to the following process: degreasing, pickling, neutralizing, passivation, dry, oil, closed.

31、Before pickling after degreasing process, the pipe should be with purified water pressure to internal and external wall of the alkaline solution and wash away the oil. All sealing surface, such as thread must cover before cleaning oil. Pipe crackdown after pickling process, must wash, suppression of

32、 washing is very important steps in the process of the hydraulic system assembly. Pipe after suppression of flushing, the pipe can be thrown impurities. Flush when focusing on joint, flange, reducer, tee and timing Angle positions are evenly, make these parts of the impurity mode be washed away with

33、 oil. Should pay attention to pipe pickling and suppression of flushing should be performed before assembly, because early in the processing and lay up for a long time, still have the possibility of rust when pipe assembly. (2) the packing quality assurance 1. Reduce wear dynamic seal (1) to elimina

34、te the piston rod and the lateral load on the drive shaft seal; (2) using shield, shields and rubber sleeve to protect the piston rod, prevent abrasive, dust and other impurities to enter; (3) the design selection of appropriate filtration unit and easy cleaning tank to prevent dust accumulation in

35、oil; (4) to make the piston rod and the shaft speed as low as possible. 2. Design and manufacturing defect solution (1) outside supporting the choice of hydraulic components in the hydraulic system leak plays a decisive influence. In the new product design, the improvement of old products, and the c

36、ylinder, pump, valve, seal, hydraulic auxiliary parts such as the choice of, good to be in line with the best, the best principles carefully, there is. (2) the reasonable design and installation surface and sealing surface. When the valve or piping fixed on the installation, in order to get the init

37、ial seal of the satisfaction and prevent seal out of the groove and frayed, mounting surface should be flat; Sealing surface for finish machining, the surface roughness to achieve 0.8 mu m, flatness to 0.01/100 mm, surface can't have radial scratch, connecting bolt pre-tightening force is large

38、enough, in order to prevent the surface separation. (3) in the process of manufacturing and transport to prevent critical surface knock against, scratches, to strict monitoring of assembly and debugging process, ensure the quality of assembly. 3. Reduce impact and vibration (1) using suspension brac

39、ket all tubes to absorb shock and vibration; (2) the use of low impact valve or accumulator to reduce the impact; (3) the proper arrangement of pressure control valve to protect the system all components; (4) to minimize the use of the pipe joint number, pipe joint by welding connection as far as po

40、ssible; (5) using the straight thread connection, tee joint and elbow instead of taper pipe nipple; (6) with oil return instead of all piping as far as possible; (7) for the use of the highest pressure, the regulation when installation using the bolt torque and the torque of the plug, prevent encroa

41、chment joint surface and the seals; The pipe joint (8) is properly installed. 4. The requirement for static seals Static seal to prevent oil leakage between the rigid fixed surface. Reasonable seal groove dimension and tolerance design, make the seal to certain extrusion deformation after installati

42、on in order to cooperate with the surface of a micro sag, and the seal to internal stress is higher than the pressure seal. 5. Control the oil temperature to prevent seal metamorphism Seal premature deterioration may be caused by many factors, one important factor is the oil temperature is too high.

43、 Temperature rise every 10 seal longevity will be halved, so should be reasonable design efficient hydraulic system or set of forced cooling device, to keep the best oil temperature under 65 , engineering machinery must not exceed 80 . Four, conclusion The causes of leakage and the main parts in the

44、 hydraulic system, from components to auxiliary parts, from the tank to the hydraulic pump, hydraulic cylinder and so on each link, are likely to have leakage problem, there are many causes of the leakage, this article emphasizes the following aspects: (1) the vibration and shock. (2) generated by t

45、he gap bigger and make the leakage or leakage increase. (3) found in the actual repair, particulate matter pollution in the hydraulic system is the important reason for the increased clearance increases and seal failure. The cleanness of the oil, the oil pump, oil filter; Cleaning, cleaning and asse

46、mbly of components assembly specification; The correct use of debugging and work is the protection of the hydraulic system, and reduce the possibility of a leak. From the oil spill control can be roughly, components, using three aspects to guarantee, and keep hydraulic system clean and no pollution,

47、 is to maintain system design service life and can effectively control the leakage of simple measures.液壓系統(tǒng)泄漏控制Hydraulic system leakage control 【摘要】液壓系統(tǒng)泄露的主要因素是液壓系統(tǒng)固體顆粒污染造成的,其次是密封件質(zhì)量在設(shè)計(jì)、制造及日常使用維護(hù)時(shí)的保證,根據(jù)以上因素,確定了防止液壓系統(tǒng)泄露的措施。【 abstract 】 the main factors of hydraulic system leak is hydraulic system poll

48、ution caused by solid particles, the second is the seal quality in the design, manufacture and use daily maintenance guarantee, according to the above factors, determine the measures to prevent the hydraulic system leak. 【關(guān)鍵詞】液壓系統(tǒng)固體顆粒密封件質(zhì)量保證【 key words 】 solid particle seal quality assurance in the

49、hydraulic system 一、泄漏的危害A, the harm of leakage 三漏(漏油、漏水、漏氣)問題到目前為止仍舊是工程機(jī)械的頑疾,尤其是液壓系統(tǒng)泄漏影響著系統(tǒng)工作的安全性、可靠性,造成油液浪費(fèi)、污染周圍環(huán)境、增加機(jī)器的停工時(shí)間、降低生產(chǎn)率、增加生產(chǎn)成本及對(duì)產(chǎn)品造成污損,因此,對(duì)液壓系統(tǒng)的泄漏我們必須加以控制。Three leakage (oil, water and air) problem so far is still a construction machinery's ills, especially hydraulic system leak affe

50、cts the safety of the system work, reliability, oil waste, pollution caused by the surrounding environment, increase the machine downtime, lower productivity, increase the cost of production and the product cause defiled, therefore, to control the hydraulic system leak we must be. 二、泄漏的因素Second, the

51、 leakage of factors 通常液壓機(jī)械所用的液壓油,均由于使用與管理的不當(dāng),使可繼續(xù)使用的油成為廢油,不但造成無謂的浪費(fèi),增加了維護(hù)成本,更造成環(huán)境的污染。幾乎所有的液壓系統(tǒng)的泄漏都是在使用一段時(shí)間后由于以下幾個(gè)原因引起的:(1)液壓系統(tǒng)固體顆粒污染,導(dǎo)致密封件及配合件相互磨損;(2)設(shè)計(jì)及制造的缺陷;(3)沖擊和振動(dòng)造成管接頭松動(dòng);(4)油溫過高及橡膠密Usually used in the hydraulic machinery hydraulic oil, due to the improper use and management, make can continue t

52、o use the oil waste oil, not only cause unnecessary waste, and increases the maintenance costs, cause environmental pollution. Almost all of the leakage of the hydraulic system is in use after a period of time due to several reasons: (1) the hydraulic system of solid particle pollution, lead to seal

53、 and cooperate with each other wear; (2) design and manufacturing defects; (3) the impact and vibration caused by loose coupling; (4) the oil temperature is too high and rubber 封與液壓油不相容而變質(zhì)。Seal and hydraulic oil are incompatible and metamorphism. 三、泄漏因素及控制措施Three, leakage factors and control measure

54、s (一)液壓系統(tǒng)固體顆粒污染的分析和控制(a) hydraulic system analysis and control of solid particle pollution 1.液壓系統(tǒng)污染物的來源液壓系統(tǒng)的污染源主要有潛在污染物、再生污染物和浸入污染物。液壓系統(tǒng)中的污染物的類型大致可分為固體顆粒、空氣、水、化學(xué)物質(zhì)和微生物等,其中,固體顆粒污染發(fā)生的最為普遍。1. The source of the hydraulic system of pollutants in hydraulic system of pollution sources are potential contami

55、nants, regeneration of pollutants and immersed pollutants. The type of contamination in hydraulic system can be roughly divided into solid grain, air, water, chemical and microbiological etc, among them, the most common solid particle contamination. 2.固體顆粒的危害與產(chǎn)生的原因(1)固體顆粒的組成2. The cause of the harm

56、of solid particles with (1) the composition of solid particles 主要由剝落物、膠質(zhì)、金屬粉末、空氣中帶來的粉塵、砂子、研磨粉、沉積物和纖維等組成。Mainly by exfoliation, glue, metal powder, in the air with dust, sand, abrasive powder, sediment and fiber, etc. (2)固體顆粒的主要來源(2) the main source of solid particles 系統(tǒng)硬管管道內(nèi)壁附著的片狀鐵銹,酸洗后殘留在管內(nèi)的化學(xué)藥品類;硬

57、管在切割和套絲等加工過程中存留的鐵屑;密封件、密封圈殘?jiān)?高壓軟管總成內(nèi)部灰塵及部分接頭部位殘留膠狀碎片;液壓系統(tǒng)裝配現(xiàn)場(chǎng)由于環(huán)境因素進(jìn)入管道內(nèi)部的石子、塵土等,這種情況并不多見;液壓元件內(nèi)部存留的型砂殘留物、加工鐵屑、密封殘?jiān)取?1) the system hard tube wall of pipeline caused by attached sheet rust, acid chemical residue in the tube after class; (2) hard tube in the process of cutting and set of silk of iron;

58、 (3) the seals, sealing ring residue; (4) high pressure hose assembly residual colloidal dust and part of the joint parts in pieces; (5) the hydraulic system assembly site due to environmental factors into the pipe internal stones, dust, etc, this kind of situation does not see more; 6 left hydrauli

59、c components inside green sand residue, residue processing iron filings, seal, etc. (3)固體顆粒污染的危害(3) the dangers of solid particle pollution 粘著和堵塞過濾器孔眼和各種間隙、通道,從而使液壓泵運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)困難,產(chǎn)生氣蝕和躁聲;破壞潤(rùn)滑油膜,增大機(jī)器的摩擦力和磨損。磨損會(huì)導(dǎo)致液壓元件產(chǎn)生泄露,效率降低,使用壽命縮短甚至損壞;加速密封材料磨損,增加外泄漏量;部分或全部堵塞液壓元件的孔隙,使控制元件動(dòng)作失靈;固體顆粒中的金屬和金屬化合物粒子會(huì)對(duì)油液的氧化,變質(zhì)起催化作用,

60、油液的氧化將劣化油液質(zhì)量,降低潤(rùn)滑性能,導(dǎo)致密封件或運(yùn)動(dòng)部件磨損加劇,使泄漏發(fā)生。1) adhesive and blocking filter hole and all sorts of clearance, the channel, so that the hydraulic pump operation difficulty, cavitation and noisy; (2) destroy the lubricating oil film, the friction and wear machine. Wear and tear can lead to leaking hydraulic components, low efficiency, shorten the service life and even damage