1、基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)自測(cè)一、單詞識(shí)記 1. _ n. 省； 行政區(qū)2. _ n. 矛盾；沖突3. _ n. 制度；機(jī)制4. _ n. 鄉(xiāng)下；農(nóng)村5. _ n. 婚禮wedding provinceconflictinstitutioncountryside6. _ n. 制服7. _ vt. 使激動(dòng); 使膽戰(zhàn)心驚8. _ vt. 折疊; 對(duì)折9. _ vt. 完成; 實(shí)現(xiàn)10. _ vt. 澄清; 闡明clarify uniformthrillfold plish11. _ adj. 不愿意(的)12. _ adj. 全國(guó)性的13. _ adv. 粗略地; 粗糙地14. _ n.& vi. 爭(zhēng)吵; 爭(zhēng)論1

2、5. _ n. 快樂(lè) vt. 使高興 delightunwillingnationwideroughlyquarrel二、單詞拓展 (A)單詞派生 1. _ vt.& vi. 聯(lián)合；團(tuán)結(jié) _ n. 聯(lián)合；團(tuán)結(jié)2. _ n. 便利；方便 _ adj. 方便的convenientuniteunionconvenience3. _ adj. 可能的 _ n. 可能(性)possible possibility4. _ v.喜歡; 享受 _ adj. 愉快的; 快樂(lè)的enjoyableenjoy5. _ n. 快樂(lè), 高興 _ adj.高興的；快樂(lè)的6. _ adj.粗糙的；艱難的 _ adv.大體上

3、；粗略地roughly delightdelightedrough(B)靈活運(yùn)用He_ (rough) examined the old records. 副詞修飾動(dòng)詞, roughly“粗略地”。2. They spent an_ (enjoy) weekend. 3. There is always a _ (possible) that he might go back to UK.名詞引導(dǎo)后面的同位語(yǔ)從句。possibilityenjoyableroughly 形容詞作定語(yǔ)4. It is a great _ (convenient) to live near the bus stat

4、ion.4. 名詞作表語(yǔ)。5. She was so_ (delight) to know that she had passed the exam that she sang all day long. 5. 形容詞作表語(yǔ), delighted“高興的”。delighted convenience三、短語(yǔ)翻譯1. _ 由組成2. _ 把分成3. _ 掙脫(束縛); 脫離4. _ 為帶來(lái)榮譽(yù); 值得贊揚(yáng)to ones credit consist ofdivide .intobreak away (from)5. _ 列出單子6. _省去; 遺漏; 不考慮7. _ (機(jī)器)損壞; 破壞8. _

5、代替take the place of make a listleave outbreak down9. _ 對(duì)感到困惑10. _ 為了方便起見(jiàn)11. _ 在特殊場(chǎng)合12. _ 評(píng)論comment on be puzzled aboutfor convenienceon special occasions四、課文回顧 Great Britain consists of four countries： England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. In the 13th century Wales was linked 1_ England. In

6、 1603, they were joined to Scotland. They were united in peace instead 2_ by war. However, just 3_ they were going to get Ireland connected 4_ (form)United Kingdom, the southern part of Ireland broke away, 5_ only Northern Ireland joined with England.to of as to form so England is the 6_ (large) of

7、the four countries and for convenience 7_ was divided into three zones： the South of England，the Midlands and the North. Most of the population 8_ (settle) in the South，but most of the industrial cities are located in the Midlands and the North.largest it are settled London is the capital city with

8、the great 9_ (history) treasures. It has the oldest port built by the Romans in the 1st century AD，the oldest building begun by 10_ Anglo Saxons in the 1060s and the oldest castle constructed by later Norman rulers in 1066.historical the 五、語(yǔ)段改錯(cuò) England is largest of the four countries, and forconven

9、ience it is divided rough into three zones.The zone nearest France is call the South of England, the middle zone is called the Midlandsand the one nearest to Scotland is known for the North. astheroughlycalledYou find most of the population settled inthe south, but the most of the industrialcities i

10、n the Midlands or the North of England. andAlthough, nationwide, these cities are not aslarger as those in China, they have world-famous football teams and some of which evenhave two! It is a pity that the industrial citiesbuilding in the nineteenth century doesntattract visitors. large them builtdo

11、nt1. 在largest前加上the 形容詞最高級(jí)前用the。2. rough roughly 副詞roughly修飾動(dòng)詞。3. call called 表示“被叫做”，故用過(guò)去分詞called。4. for as 表示“作為而出名”，as后接稱謂。5. 去掉most前的the 指“大多數(shù)工業(yè)城市”，而非最高級(jí)。6. or and 指中部和北部，并非二者取一。7. larger large 因asas 中用原形。8. which them 指代前面的城市。9. building built 因build 與cities 是被動(dòng)和完成的關(guān)系，用過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)。10. doesnt dont

12、 主語(yǔ)是“the industrial cities”，謂語(yǔ)用“dont attract”。重點(diǎn)詞匯講練1. consist of (=be made up of, include)由組成原句 How many countries does the UK consist of? 英國(guó)由幾個(gè)國(guó)家組成? (B5P9)例句 The USA consists of 50 States. 美國(guó)由50個(gè)州組成。比較 consist in 在于; 決定于(=be based on or depend on)運(yùn)用 完成句子, 使其意思相同于前一句。 This club is made up of more t

13、han 300 members.= This club _ more than 300 members.consists of Happiness does not depend on how many possessions you own.=Happiness does not _ how many possessions you own. consist in原句 England can be divided into three main areas. 英格蘭可以劃分成三個(gè)主要地區(qū)。(B5P9)2. divide into 把分成例句 The teacher divided the s

14、tudents into four groups. 老師把學(xué)生分成四組。比較 divide .into 是把一個(gè)整體分割為若干部分；而separate.from是把混雜在一起或連在一起的東西分隔開(kāi)。運(yùn)用 用divide或separate 的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)填空。 A fence _the cows _ the pigs. Lets _ ourselves _ two groups. intoseparatesfromdivide原句 However, the southern part of Ireland was unwilling and broke away to form its own go

15、vernment. 然而, 愛(ài)爾蘭的南部卻不愿意而分離出去了, 并建立了自己的政府。(B5P10)3. break away (from) 從脫離/ 分離例句 This part of the country wants to break away from the central government and there are many conflicts in this area. 這一地區(qū)想從中央政府脫離出去, 這個(gè)地區(qū)沖突不斷。運(yùn)用 根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成下列英語(yǔ)句子。 你能改掉這些壞習(xí)慣嗎？Can you _ _? 他與家庭斷絕關(guān)系, 到國(guó)外去了。He _ his family and

16、went abroad.break away from the bad habitsbroke away from例句 He left out himself when counting the number of people present. 當(dāng)他在數(shù)出席的人數(shù)的時(shí)候,他漏掉了自己。4. leave out 省略，遺漏原句 Which country is left out? 哪一個(gè)國(guó)家遺漏了？(B5P11)運(yùn)用 根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成下列英語(yǔ)句子。當(dāng)你邀請(qǐng)人們?nèi)⒓油頃?huì)時(shí), 別把我漏掉。Dont _ when you invite people to your party你在這一句中遺漏了最重

17、要的一個(gè)單詞。You _ _ in this sentenceleave me outhave left out the most important word原句 All of the words below can take the place of said. 下面所有的單詞都能替代said。(B5P12)5. take the place of 代替例句 He is such a great leader that nobody can take the place of him.他是一位出色的領(lǐng)導(dǎo), 沒(méi)有人能代替他。比較 take place 發(fā)生；舉行運(yùn)用 I will atten

18、d the meeting instead of the manager. = I will _ the manager to attend the meeting. Great changes _ (發(fā)生了)in my town since 1978.have taken place take the place of原句 On my way to the station my car broke down. 在去車站的路上我的車拋錨了。(B5P13)例句 Her telephone broke down. 她的電話出故障了。6. break down (汽車等)拋錨; 被搞垮;垮掉運(yùn)用 根

19、據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成英文句子。(1) 我們的車壞了, 不得不把它拖到修車廠去。_ and we had to draw it to a garage.(2) He _ (身體垮了) because of overwork. broke down Our car broke down寫(xiě)作句型仿寫(xiě)原句 It looked splendid when first built.剛建成時(shí), 它看起來(lái)真是金碧輝煌。(B5P14)1. 連詞(when, unless, once.) + 過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)例句 The temple looked grand when first built. 寺廟剛建成的時(shí)候, 看起來(lái)

20、很雄偉。仿寫(xiě) 根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成英文句子。 一旦形成, 壞習(xí)慣將很難改掉。_, the bad habits are hard to get rid of . 當(dāng)被問(wèn)到發(fā)生什么事, 他突然間哭了。_, he burst into tears.When asked what had happenedOnce formed原句 It seemed strange that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London.這似乎是一件怪事: 這位發(fā)展了共產(chǎn)主義的人竟然在倫敦生活, 并且在倫敦逝世。(B5P

21、14)2. It seemed/seems/is strange that sb. should do 某人竟然, 這似乎不可思議例句 It seemed strange that he should abandon his wife and children. 他竟然拋妻棄子, 真是太不可思議了。仿寫(xiě) 根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成下列英語(yǔ)句子。 他竟然能吃玻璃, 這似乎不可思議。_ he should eat glass. 真奇怪,他竟然考試不及格。_ It seems strange that Its strange that he should failthe exam.原句 There is no

22、 need to debate any more about why different words are used to describe the four countries. 沒(méi)有必要去爭(zhēng)論為什么要用不同的詞去描述這四個(gè)國(guó)家。3. There is no need to do沒(méi)有必要做某事例句 There is no need to debate any more about how to spend the money, as no money is left now. 沒(méi)有必要去爭(zhēng)論怎么用這些錢, 因?yàn)樗械腻X都已經(jīng)用完了。仿寫(xiě) 根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)意思完成英語(yǔ)句子。 我們有必要再去那一趟嗎?_沒(méi)必要給他寫(xiě)封信告知這個(gè)消息。_and inform him the news.There is no need to write to him Is there any need for us to go there again?4. when you will find sb. included as well. 當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候, 你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)也包括在內(nèi)。原句 Now when people refer to England you will find Wakes included as well. 現(xiàn)在當(dāng)人們講起英格蘭的時(shí)候你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)威爾士也包括在內(nèi)。例句 When people r