1、 Details Mandy What is detail? Detail refers to specific information in a conversation or a lecture: Facts, description, definitions, reasons, examples, pictures, or termsTips 1. To identify the key/content words/phrases 2. No inference is needed. Key points when listening 在做細節(jié)題的時候我們要著重關(guān)注談話或演講中的專有名詞

2、，數(shù)字和時間。記住說話人對概念，特有現(xiàn)象的定義。 還要把握意思轉(zhuǎn)折或話題轉(zhuǎn)換的部分。筆記：記框架+填細節(jié) （淡定）耐心patience;細心carefulness; 恒心persistenceTwo principles第一, ETS只會考察和主旨有關(guān)的重要細節(jié)。過于偏細節(jié)的實在沒有聽到，大可不必惋惜，影響后面的發(fā)揮； 第二，牢牢把握住往往和考點相聯(lián)系的重要信號詞。比如說表示因果的accordingly, thus等詞對應(yīng)于細節(jié)題中常考察的因果題。常見的和信號詞相關(guān)的考點有邏輯時間順序、舉例、列舉、相似或者對比、轉(zhuǎn)折、強調(diào)、因果、總結(jié)、定義、建議、數(shù)字等。 舉例舉例的具體內(nèi)容、例子的作用 關(guān)注

3、舉例的上下文，說話的人為什么要舉這個例子，要證明什么，表明什么觀點、態(tài)度，還有例子本身說了那些內(nèi)容。聽標志舉例的關(guān)鍵詞，比如：For example、like、for instance 、in this case、in another case、take the case of、on this occasion 聽定義學科的專有名詞 it refers to、that is 、that means、which means、This is to say、in other words 、in another words 聽強調(diào)提高聲調(diào)、放慢語速、前邊會有停頓，最常見的還是會有標志詞 And the

4、 most important is、This is very important、A major point is、The important idea is、The thing aboutis extremely important、In fact 聽原因聽原因細節(jié)時，要注意什么是因，什么是果 表示前因后果：So / therefore、consequently、as a consequence、for this purpose 、result in、lead to表示前果后因：Result from、stem for 、originate from、spring from arise o

5、ut of、it lies/is in (that)聽結(jié)尾判斷結(jié)尾的部分只要看考試界面的時間條 會出現(xiàn)表示結(jié)尾的詞，例如：To sum up、To conclude / in conclusion、In summary / to summarize。聽數(shù)字、地點、人物聽聽數(shù)字、地點、人物時注意他們所代表的內(nèi)容、所指的內(nèi)容還有有同類內(nèi)容時他們的區(qū)別。相似或者對比表示相似的表達有：like、similar、resemblance、to resemble、similarity， 表示對比的表達：in contrast with. 、whereas、on the contrary、different

6、from.、on the other hand、however、but陷阱及對策無中生有、答非所問、偷梁換柱不要被原詞迷惑注意同義替換把握主線2.2. AQuestions1-2“the job board” just means the job is posted openly for students to look at.key sentence: Id like a quiet job that would allow me to get some reading done.“reading”-study; “allow” means “l(fā)et” Questions 3-53:1) t

7、he man: we need extra cashiers; why not volunteer to help2) the woman: I could spare a few hours4. key phrases: ten dollars, in book credit, use the credit at this saleClues: 1) “in cash” VS “in credit”. 2) “use the credit” means to buy books in credit5. key sentence: Ill be there around noon.credit

8、 Noun:信用；榮譽/功勞；銀行存款； 【美】學分;(某門功課的)及格記錄CVerb.1. 相信Nobody credited his story. 沒有人相信他的話。 2. 把.記入貸方The bank credited 50,000 dollars to us. 那家銀行貸了五萬元給我們。 3. 把.歸于(+to)The accident was credited to carelessness on the part of the driver. 這起事故是由于駕車人不小心引起的。 4. 認為.有(某優(yōu)點,成就等)I credit him with honesty. 我相信他是誠實的。

9、 5. 【美】給(學生)記學分(+with)Questions 6-76. 1) her assignments are ；stories to illustrate her lectures2) challenging+ useful+ makes us think= valuable7. 1) write a lot of papers (work hard)2) makes you work in her class (expect the students to work)Questions 8-108. 1) journal articles2) arranged logically

10、9. 1) primate behavior2) other mammals or birds (animal)10. key sentence: I have some free time tomorrow afternoon. 2.2. BQuestions 1-4 tribe; expedition; moose; beaver; elk; animals sought; take charge of; head the clan; procure the game; realm hunting season; began in the fall; continued until mid

11、wintermoose, deer, beaver, bear, elk were the animals soughttake charge of the camps a woman headed each clan managed all of the agricultural operations Questions 5-7 there are a number of factors 信號詞：but; also; most importantly, howeverExperience is the best way to get a feel. Because art does have

12、 a history of insecure employment. It can be part-time or volunteer work. The important thing is getting started. Questions 8-10The first stepNext, of courseThenThis is the first step inAfter youYou are ready to精聽練習2.2. CQuestions 4-5HornSide-blownEnd-blownFinger holesMelodic rangeVersatilitySignal;

13、 ritualOrchestra; symphony orchestra Musical terms節(jié)拍meter和聲harmony速度tempo力度dynamics曲式form主題theme副歌accessory theme音域range標準音standard pitch音高pitch音階scale調(diào)式mode調(diào)key旋律melody節(jié)奏rhythm古典音樂classical music泛指時指過去時代具有典范意義或代表性的音樂（不含民間音樂）；專指時指維也納古曲樂派的音樂或師法于該樂派的音樂爵士樂Jazz本世紀初產(chǎn)生于新奧爾良的一種融合了黑人的散拍樂，靈歌與布魯斯的音樂形式。管弦樂團orc

14、hestra由弦樂器、管樂器與打擊樂器組成的大型器樂合奏團體。ORCHESTRA就是管弦樂團，它分成四部分： 1弦樂，包括小提琴、大提琴等， 2銅管樂, 3木管樂和 4敲擊樂四組。弦樂組每種樂器有多人演奏 (豎琴除外 )，四組演奏者由一人統(tǒng)籌兼領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，他就是樂團的指揮。 ORCHESTRA於17世紀出現(xiàn)，到 18世紀因海頓和莫扎特的作品而清楚地建立模式。 19世紀加入了些新樂器，樂團人數(shù)加大。 ORCHESTRA是西方古典 /正統(tǒng)音樂的正宗。西方流行 /搖滾樂也經(jīng)常運用 ORCHESTRA的部分或全部團員協(xié)助演出。 銅管樂團brass band由銅管樂器和部分打擊樂器組成的樂團，其有別于兼有木管

15、樂器的管樂團管樂團wind band由木管樂器、鋼管樂器和打擊樂器組成的吹奏樂團，也泛指軍隊中的軍樂團或同一類型的管樂團鋼鼓樂團steel band由不同類型的銅鼓所組成的樂團，人數(shù)幾十至百余人不等交響樂團symphony orchestra指大型的管弦樂團Questions 6-10聽意群意群一：cause意群二：how it worksComplex waysSome; others; 1964, Hilo, Hawaii1896; this is what happened; Japan2.2. DQuestions 3-5well, for one thingpay attention

16、 to the following contentlarge company; cash reserves; enable to absorb losses more easilyessential to be a competent managerto run a store; to keep track of your inventorypromoting your products in innovative waysQuestions 6-10Muscle cell肌肉細胞Saltine cracker威化餅干Cramp抽筋Lactic acid ferment乳酸發(fā)酵Lactate乳

17、酸Scarce稀缺Switch轉(zhuǎn)化/開關(guān)Aerobic respiration有氧呼吸Balance food and water intake平衡食物和水的攝入量on a hike; saw something happen desert canyon trailwe gave water bottles water and food; but their teacher went back to get some more when the cell has no oxygen“see in action” =recognize in real life 2.2. EQuestions 6-10意群：1. definition2. types: each type + examples Definition