1、Chapter 8Mobile Computing and Commerce, and Pervasive ComputingCopyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice HallLearning Objectives Discuss the value-added attributes, benefits, and fundamental drivers of m-commerce.Describe the mobile computing environment that supports m-commerce

2、(devices, software, services).Describe the four major types of wireless telecommunications networks.Discuss m-commerce applications in finance.Describe m-commerce applications in shopping, advertising, and provision of content.8-1Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice HallLear

3、ning Objectives Discuss the application of m-commerce within organizations and across the supply chain.Describe consumer and personal applications of m-commerce.Understand the technologies and potential application of location-based m-commerce.Describe the major inhibitors and barriers of m-commerce

4、.Discuss the key characteristics, critical technologies, and major applications of pervasive computing.8-2Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice HallMobile Commerce: Attributes, Benefits, and Driversmobile commerce (m-commerce, m-business)Any business activity conducted over a

5、 wireless telecommunications network or from mobile devices8-3Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice HallMobile Commerce: Attributes, Benefits, and DriversATTRIBUTES OF M-COMMERCEUbiquityConvenienceInteractivityPersonalizationLocalization8-4Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, In

6、c. Publishing as Prentice Hall8-5Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice HallMobile Commerce: Attributes, Benefits, and DriversDRIVERS OF M-COMMERCEWidespread availability of more powerful mobile devicesThe handset cultureThe service economyVendors pushThe mobile workforceIncre

7、ased mobilityImproved price/performanceImproving bandwidth8-6Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice HallComponents, Technical Infrastructure,and Services of Mobile Computingwireless mobile computing (mobile computing)Computing that connects a mobile device to a network or anot

8、her computing device, anytime, anywhere8-7Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice HallComponents, Technical Infrastructure,and Services of Mobile ComputingMOBILE DEVICESMobile computerspersonal digital assistant (PDA)A stand-alone handheld computer principally used for personal

9、 information managementsmartphoneA mobile phone with PC-like capabilities8-8Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice HallComponents, Technical Infrastructure,and Services of Mobile ComputingMOBILE COMPUTING SOFTWARE AND SERVICESMessaging Servicesshort message service (SMS)A serv

10、ice that supports the sending and receiving of short text messages on mobile phonesmultimedia messaging service (MMS)The emerging generation of wireless messaging; MMS is able to deliver rich media8-9Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice HallComponents, Technical Infrastructu

11、re,and Services of Mobile ComputingLocation-Based ServicesVoice-Support Servicesinteractive voice response (IVR)A voice system that enables users to request and receive information and to enter and change data through a telephone to a computerized systemvoice portalA Web site with an audio interface

12、 that can be accessed through a telephone call8-10Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice HallComponents, Technical Infrastructure,and Services of Mobile ComputingWIRELESS TELECOMMUNICATIONS NETWORKSpersonal area network (PAN)A wireless telecommunications network for device-to-

13、device connections within a very short rangeBluetoothA set of telecommunications standards that enables wireless devices to communicate with each other over short distances8-11Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice HallComponents, Technical Infrastructure,and Services of Mobil

14、e Computingwireless local area network (WLAN)A telecommunications network that enables users to make short-range wireless connections to the Internet or another networkWi-Fi (wireless fidelity)The common name used to describe the IEEE 802.11 standard used on most WLANs8-12Copyright 2010 Pearson Educ

15、ation, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall6-13Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice HallComponents, Technical Infrastructure,and Services of Mobile ComputingWiMaxA wireless standard (IEEE 802.16) for making broadband network connections over a medium-size area such as a citywire

16、less wide area network (WWAN)A telecommunications network that offers wireless coverage over a large geographical area, typically over a cellular phone network8-14Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice HallMobile Financial ApplicationsMOBILE BANKINGMOBILE PAYMENTSMobile Proxim

17、ity PaymentsMobile Remote Payments8-15Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice HallMobile Financial Applicationsdigital divideRefers to the gap between people with effective access to digital and information technology and those withoutmicrofinanceRefers to the provision of fina

18、ncial services to poor or low-income clients, including consumers and the self-employed8-16Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice HallMobile Marketing and AdvertisingMOBILE MARKETING CAMPAIGNSFour classes of mobile marketing campaigns:InformationEntertainmentRafflesCoupons8-17

19、Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice HallMobile Marketing and AdvertisingThe major objectives of these classes fell into one of six categories:Building brand awarenessChanging brand imagePromoting salesEnhancing brand loyaltyBuilding customer databasesStimulating mobile word

20、 of mouth8-18Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice HallMobile Marketing and AdvertisingMOBILE MARKETING GUIDELINESThe basic principles of the Global Code of Conduct for Internet marketing:NoticeChoice and consentCustomization and constraintSecurityEnforcement and accountabili

21、ty8-19Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice HallMobile Workforce SolutionsNEEDS OF THE MOBILE WORKFORCEmobile workerAny employee who is away from their primary work space at least 10 hours a week or 25 percent of the timeBenefits of Mobile Workforce SupportMobile workers can

22、be divided into three segments: Mobile professionals (senior executives and consultants)Mobile field force (field sales and service technicians)Mobile specialty workers (delivery personnel and construction workers)8-20Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice HallMobile Workforce

23、 SolutionsSome solutions widely used by the three segments include:Mobile office applicationsSales force automation (SFA)Field force automation (FFA)Mobile CRM (e-CRM)8-21Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice HallMobile Workforce SolutionsChallenges of Mobile Workforce Suppor

24、tNetwork coverage gaps and interruptionsInternetwork roamingMobile network and application performanceDevice and network managementBandwidth management8-22Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice HallMobile Entertainmentmobile entertainmentAny type of leisure activity that utili

25、zes wireless telecommunication networks, interacts with service providers, and incurs a cost upon usage8-23Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall8-24Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice HallMobile EntertainmentMOBILE MUSIC AND VIDEOMOBILE GAMESTec

26、hnologyNumber of playersGenreMOBILE GAMBLING8-25Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice HallLocation-Based Mobile Commercelocation-based m-commerce (l-commerce)Delivery of m-commerce transactions to individuals in a specific location, at a specific timeThe services provided thr

27、ough location-based m-commerce focus on five key factors:LocationNavigationTrackingMappingTiming8-26Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice HallLocation-Based Mobile CommerceL-COMMERCE INFRASTRUCTUREMobile devicesCommunication networkPositioning componentService or application

28、providerData or content provider8-27Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice HallLocation-Based Mobile CommercePositioning Componentsnetwork-based positioningRelies on base stations to find the location of a mobile device sending a signal or sensed by the networkterminal-based p

29、ositioningCalculating the location of a mobile device from signals sent by the device to base stationsglobal positioning system (GPS)A worldwide satellite-based tracking system that enables users to determine their position anywhere on the earth8-28Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing a

30、s Prentice HallLocation-Based Mobile CommerceLocation-Based DataLocatingNavigatingSearchingIdentifyingEvent checkinggeographical information system (GIS)A computer system capable of integrating, storing, editing, analyzing, sharing, and displaying geographically-referenced (spatial) information8-29C

31、opyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall30Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice HallLocation-Based Mobile CommerceBARRIERS TO LOCATION-BASED M-COMMERCELack of GPS in mobile phonesAccuracy of devicesThe costbenefit justificationLimited network bandwidt

32、hInvasion of privacy8-31Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice HallSecurity and Other Implementation Issues in Mobile CommerceM-COMMERCE SECURITY ISSUESWorms capable of spreading through mobile phonesOpen-air transmission of signals across multiple networks opens up new opport

33、unities for compromising securityMobile devices are easily lost or stolen8-32Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall8-33Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice HallSecurity and Other Implementation Issues in Mobile CommerceETHICAL, LEGAL, AND HEALTH I

34、SSUES IN M-COMMERCEThe isolation that mobile devices can impose on a workforceField service employees dispatched remotely visit “the office” only briefly at the start and end of each day, if at allNot easy to separate work and personal life on a cell phone, unless one is willing to carry two phones

35、or two PDAsHealth damage from cellular radio frequency emissionsMonitoring staff movements based on GPS-enabled devices or vehicles8-34Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice HallPervasive Computingpervasive computingInvisible, everywhere computing; computing capabilities embed

36、ded into the objects around usInvisible Computing8-35Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice HallPervasive ComputingPrinciples of Pervasive ComputingDecentralizationDiversificationConnectivity.SimplicityInternet of Things8-36Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice HallPervasive Computingradio frequency identification (RF