1、2021屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)強(qiáng)化練一閱讀理解_細(xì)節(jié)理解題一課時(shí)優(yōu)化作業(yè)含解析2021屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)強(qiáng)化練一閱讀理解_細(xì)節(jié)理解題一課時(shí)優(yōu)化作業(yè)含解析PAGE 2021屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)強(qiáng)化練一閱讀理解_細(xì)節(jié)理解題一課時(shí)優(yōu)化作業(yè)含解析強(qiáng)化練（一）閱讀理解-細(xì)節(jié)理解題(一)AThe following four famous paintings-from Jan van Eycks portrait to Pablo Picassos masterpiece-have stood the test of time.The Arnolfini PortraitJan van Eycks The Ar

2、nolfini Portrait， an oil painting on wood produced in 1434, in which a man and a woman hold hands with a window behind him and a bed behind her, is undoubtedly one of the masterpieces in the National Gallery， London.This painting is not only visually interesting but also famed.It is also an informat

3、ive document on fifteenth。century society, through Jan van Eycks heavy use of symbolism-while husbands went out to engage in business， wives concerned themselves with domestic duties。The Starry NightVincent van Gogh painted The Starry Night, an oil on canvas (油畫布)， a moderately abstract landscape pa

4、inting of a night sky over a small hillside village， during his 12。month stay at the mental hospital in Saint。Rmy。deProvence, France between 1889 and 1890.When the Museum of Modern Art in New York City purchased the painting from a private collector in 1941, it was not well known， but it has since b

5、ecome one of Vincent van Goghs most famous works.The HarvestersThe Harvesters is an oil painting on wood completed by Pieter Bruegel the Elder in 1565。It depicts （描繪） the harvest time which most commonly occurred within the months of July and August。Nicolaes Jonghelinck, a merchant banker and art co

6、llector from Antwerp, once held this painting。The painting has been at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City since 1919。GuernicaGuernica， a large oil painting， was painted by the Cubist (立體派的） Spanish painter， Pablo Picasso in 1937.The title “Guernica” refers to the city that was bombed du

7、ring the war。The painting depicts the horrors of war and as a result， has come to be an antiwar symbol and a reminder of the tragedies of war。Today, the painting is housed at the Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofia in Madrid。語篇解讀文章介紹了四幅世界繪畫名作的相關(guān)情況，包括其創(chuàng)作時(shí)間、畫作內(nèi)容等。1Which of the following painting

8、s was produced earliest?AGuernica.BThe Harvesters.CThe Starry Night。DThe Arnolfini Portrait.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章對(duì)四幅畫的介紹可知，The Arnolfini Portrait的創(chuàng)作時(shí)間是1434年，The Starry Night創(chuàng)作于1889至1890年間，The Harvesters創(chuàng)作于1565年，Guernica創(chuàng)作于1937年.對(duì)上述四幅畫的創(chuàng)作時(shí)間進(jìn)行對(duì)比可知,D項(xiàng)正確。答案：D2Who created the painting describing the harvest seas

9、ons？APieter Bruegel the Elder。BVincent van Gogh。CJan van Eyck。DPablo Picasso。解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。 根據(jù)The Harvesters部分第二句“It depicts the harvest time which most commonly occurred within the months of July and August.”可知，Pieter Bruegel the Elder的畫作描述了豐收季節(jié)的情況。故選A。答案:A3What do we know about the painting The Starry

10、Night?AIt was painted on wood in oils。BIt described the painters life in hospital。CIt wasnt widely recognized before 1941。DIt was given away to the museum by a collector.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)The Starry Night部分最后一句可知，1941年，當(dāng)紐約現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)博物館從一位私人收藏家手中買下這幅畫時(shí),它并不太有名，但后來卻成為梵高最著名的作品之一.故選C。答案:CBErik Kobayashi。Solomon spent

11、 a day with Dr.Paul Gauthier， a plant physiologist specializing in vertical （垂直的） farming research and came away with several important ideas about vertical farming。Humans have 12，000 years of experience in growing food, but only a generations worth of experience or so in growing crops indoors。We ar

12、e still progressing up the technology learning curve （曲線)Whats more, traditional farming techniques are based on conditions that are not applicable to vertical farming.Therefore， without taking time to understand the science， vertical farming is not likely to be able to live up to its implied promis

13、e。The cost of powering LED grow lights is one of the biggest problems a vertical farm must overcome。Dr.Louis Albright at Cornell has characterized vertical farms as the “pieinthe。sky” business.He famously calculates, for instance, that the cost of a loaf of bread would be $24 if farmed indoors-the c

14、ost is too high。Gauthier acknowledges that energy prices are high but points out that scientific work has shown that only about 6% of available sunlight is used in crop photosynthesis （光合作用）， so there may be ways of growing the same plants with less light。Gauthier also points out that while energy c

15、osts are a bit high, vertical farming does create enormous efficiencies in other areas。Water usage may be significantly reduced because the same water can be recycled time and again.Fertilizer use can be greatly reduced and pesticides for pest control are unnecessary.Its clear that vertical farming

16、offers real value to society.The future is probably mixed。In some environmentsthe Middle East， for instance-a move to vertical farming is a no.brainer。An indoor farm in Saudi Arabia， for instance， can use solar energy to power LEDs at low cost without shading other farmland.In other environments, th

17、ough, the expense of establishing a facility places a high bar on growth and profitability.A large vertical farming and equipment operation only started generating a small profit eight years into its nine。year life。語篇解讀文章主要介紹了垂直農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展所面臨的困難以及垂直農(nóng)業(yè)的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和未來.4What can we infer about vertical farming in Para

18、graph 2?AIt will replace traditional farming one day。BIt relies on research of more basic science。CIt can be applicable under different conditions.DIt actually came into being 12，000 years ago。解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第二段第四句“Therefore, without taking time to understand the science， vertical farming is not likely

19、to be able to live up to its implied promise.”可知，如果不花時(shí)間去了解科學(xué)，垂直農(nóng)業(yè)就不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)其潛在的前景。由此可知,垂直農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展依賴更多的基礎(chǔ)科學(xué)的研究.故選B。答案：B5What does Dr。Louis Albright think of vertical farms？AThey use less light than traditional ones。BThey may seem very unlikely to succeed。CThey can overcome many problems in farming。DThey do

20、not need any natural sunlight any longer。解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。據(jù)第三段第二句“Dr。Louis Albright at Cornell has characterized vertical farms as the he。sky business。及下文列舉的他預(yù)測(cè)使用垂直農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)會(huì)使一條面包過貴的問題可知，Dr。Louis Albright認(rèn)為垂直農(nóng)業(yè)似乎不太可能成功。故選B。答案：B6What is the fourth paragraph mainly about?AThe ways of reducing costs of verti

21、cal farming。BThe secrets of developing vertical farming。CThe recent trend of vertical farming。DThe benefits of vertical farming.解析：段落大意題。根據(jù)第四段第一句中的“vertical farming does create enormous efficiencies in other areas及本段最后一句“Its clear that vertical farming offers real value to society?？芍?，垂直農(nóng)業(yè)確實(shí)在其他領(lǐng)域創(chuàng)造了提

22、高功效的方法，為社會(huì)提供了真正的價(jià)值;該段第二、三句列舉了垂直農(nóng)業(yè)具體在哪些領(lǐng)域創(chuàng)造了提高功效的方法。由此可知,本段主要講的是垂直農(nóng)業(yè)的好處。故選D。答案：D7Why is the example of “an indoor farm in Saudi Arabia” mentioned？ATo show vertical farming can work well in some places.BTo prove solar energy is vital for farming in Saudi Arabia。CTo confirm the expense of setting up a

23、vertical farm is high。DTo argue that vegetables do not need to be imported any longer。解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句“The future is probably mixed.”和本段中的in some environments以及in other environments可知,本段主要講了在不同的環(huán)境中垂直農(nóng)業(yè)未來的情況不同;又根據(jù)本段第三句中的“can use solar energy.。.shading other farmland”可知，列舉“an indoor farm in Saudi Ar

24、abia”的例子,是為了說明在有些地方垂直農(nóng)業(yè)可以運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)良好.故選A。答案:ACLoma Linda， California， a city of 21，000, is one of the five original blue zones, regions in the world where people live longest and are the healthiest.In fact， people in this community tend to live 8 to 10 years longer than the average American.Experts say tha

25、ts because Loma Linda has one of the highest concentrations of SeventhDay Adventists in the world。The religion suggests a healthy lifestyle and a life of service to the church and community， which contributes to their longevity (長(zhǎng)壽）“I never had stress，” said Dr。Ellsworth Wareham， a lifelong Seventh。

26、Day Adventist.He was 100 years old at the time。“I have a philosophy: You do the best you can.And dont give any thought to the things you cant do anything about.Like 10 of the Adventist community, Wareham was a vegan （純素食主義者)Another 30 are lactoovo vegetarians who eat dairy and eggs, while another 8

27、eat fish but not other meat?！癊ven our nonvegetarians are relatively low meat consumers, said Dr。Michael Orlich, the principal investigator of a study dedicated to examining the link between healthy lifestyle factors and diseases in 96，000 Seventh。day Adventists in North America。What does that vegeta

28、rian lifestyle accomplish？ A lower weight， for one。Other key factors to longevity: Only 1 of the Seventhday Adventist community in the study smoke.Little or no alcohol is consumed。Daily exercise out in the fresh air of nature is the norm.The church advocates a life of service, so dedication to volun

29、teering is typical, which contributes to a sense of community。Add all of these factors together and what do you get？ A healthier body， less likely to succumb to diseases tied to obesity, such as diabetes, high blood pressure, cancer and heart disease.Few of us practice these healthy lifestyle habits

30、, and much less of us do them all at once。“The good news is that its never too late to start。Some evidence suggests that changing a few simple lifestyle factors can have a profound difference in the risk of major diseases and the likelihood （可能性) of living a long life. People can usually get impressive benefits even in a short length of time,” Orlich said.語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文.科學(xué)研究表明，養(yǎng)成良好的生活習(xí)慣，不僅