20212018北京卷（一：真題試做a)a——aaa—)A)a.＂4.參考答案：ADAB二：詞塊解析1：prepare英[pr(r)]美[prper]v.把…準(zhǔn)備好；為…做準(zhǔn)備；預(yù)備飯菜；調(diào)制變形過去分詞：prepared現(xiàn)在分詞：preparing過去式：prepared第三人稱單數(shù)：prepares名詞：preparation雙語例句1.Hehadfailedtoprepareadequatelyforthetaskbeforehim.他沒有為面臨的任務(wù)做充分的準(zhǔn)備.2.Aftertheharvest,thepeasantsbegantopreparethesoilforseed.收割后,農(nóng)民就開始整地以便播種.3.Whydon'tyouprepareitbeforehand??2：possibility英[ps??blti][pɑs??blti]n.可能性；機(jī)會(huì)；潛力變形復(fù)數(shù)：possibilities雙語例句1.Detectiveshavenotruledoutthepossibilitythatshewasabducted.偵探尚未排除她被綁架的可能性.2.ThisUtopiandreamisfarbeyondtherangeofpossibility.這種烏托邦式的夢(mèng)想根本不可能實(shí)現(xiàn).3.Onceyouhaveeliminatedtheobviouscausesofdeath,youmustconsiderthepossibilityoffoulplay.一旦排除了明顯的死因,你就必須考慮到可能有人采取了卑劣手段.3：materialize英[m??trilaz]美[m??trilaz]vi.具體化；實(shí)質(zhì)化，實(shí)現(xiàn)；形體化；突然出現(xiàn)vt.使成真，實(shí)現(xiàn)；使物質(zhì)化，使具體化變形過去分詞：materialized現(xiàn)在分詞：materializing名詞：materialization過去式：materialized第三人稱單數(shù)：materializes雙語例句1.Thedomedcitiesandflyingcarsweexpectedhavefailedtomaterialize.圓頂城市和會(huì)飛的汽車并未出現(xiàn).2.Contentconvertsthevividlaborthatlaborismaterialize,havematerialandworkdoubleattribute.物化勞動(dòng)是物質(zhì)化的活勞動(dòng),具有物質(zhì)和勞動(dòng)兩重屬性.3.Catchingaplanetinitschildhoodcangiveastronomerslotsofinformationabouthowplanetsmaterialize.捕捉到幼年的行星可以給天文學(xué)家們提供許多有關(guān)行星形成的信息.4：permit英[p??mt,p??mt]mt,p??rmt]v.允許；使有可能；破例做n.許可證變形過去分詞：permitted現(xiàn)在分詞：permitting過去式：permitted復(fù)數(shù)：permits第三人稱單數(shù)：permits雙語例句1.Thewordshardlypermitdoubt.這些話不容置疑.2.Circumstancesdonotpermitmetohelpyou[myhelpingyou].情況不許可我?guī)椭?3.Wedonotallow(orpermit)gambling.我們不允許賭博.5：operate英[pt]美[ɑpt]v.經(jīng)營；工作；運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；操作；動(dòng)手術(shù)；作戰(zhàn)變形過去分詞：operated現(xiàn)在分詞：operating過去式：operated第三人稱單數(shù)：operates雙語例句1.Notthatthemachineisoutoforder,butthatIhavenotlearnedtooperateit.不是機(jī)器出了故障,而是我還沒學(xué)會(huì)操作.2.Theonlywaytodothiswastooperate.要做到這一點(diǎn)的唯一方法就是動(dòng)手術(shù).3.Statesuperintendenceoffisheriesshalloperateundertheprincipleofunifiedleadershipanddecentralizedadministration.國家對(duì)漁業(yè)的監(jiān)督管理,實(shí)行統(tǒng)一領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、分級(jí)管理.6：vehicle英[vi?kl][vi?kl,hkl]n.車輛，交通工具；手段，工具變形復(fù)數(shù)：vehicles雙語例句1.There'snotasinglefreevehicle.沒有一輛車閑著.2.Languageisavehicleofhumanthought.語言是人類表達(dá)思想的媒介.3.Thepolicemanwavedthevehicleon.警察揮手示意那輛車?yán)^續(xù)前進(jìn).7：predict英[prdkt]美[prdkt]v.預(yù)言；預(yù)測變形過去分詞：predicted現(xiàn)在分詞：predicting過去式：predicted第三人稱單數(shù)：predicts雙語例句1.Whetherthiswillbesuccessfulornotisstilldifficulttopredict.成敗利鈍尚難逆料.2.Acorrelationtopredicttheentrancelengthisdeveloped.論文給出了壁面切應(yīng)力進(jìn)口段長度的預(yù)測關(guān)聯(lián)式.3.However,theslowprocessoftraditionalbreeding,theresultisoftendifficulttopredict.但是傳統(tǒng)的育種過程緩慢,結(jié)果常常難以預(yù)料.8：regulate英[ɡjulet]美[ɡjulet]v.控制；調(diào)節(jié)；管理變形過去分詞：regulated現(xiàn)在分詞：regulating過去式：regulated第三人稱單數(shù)：regulates雙語例句1.Thissystemcanregulatethetemperatureoftheroom.這種系統(tǒng)能調(diào)節(jié)室內(nèi)溫度.2.Wewillprotectlawfulincomes,regulateexcessivelyhighincomesandbanillegalgains.保護(hù)合法收入,調(diào)節(jié)過高收入,取締非法收入.3.Shiftingbarsareahazardtonavigationandexpensivetoregulate.移動(dòng)沙洲將危害通航,而且要花費(fèi)資金進(jìn)行整治.9：debate英[dt]美[dt]n.辯論；爭論v.爭論；討論；考慮變形過去分詞：debated現(xiàn)在分詞：debating過去式：debated復(fù)數(shù)：debates第三人稱單數(shù)：debates雙語例句1.Itwasadebatewhicharousedferventethicalarguments.那是一場引發(fā)強(qiáng)烈的倫理道德爭論的辯論.2.Idon'twishtodebatemyopinionswithyou.我不想就我的看法同你辯論.3.Afterthreehoursofimpassioneddebatethemotionwasdefeated.經(jīng)過三小時(shí)激烈的辯論,這項(xiàng)動(dòng)議被否決了.10：affordable英[????dbl]美[????bl]adj.價(jià)格合理的；買得起的變形名詞：affordability動(dòng)詞：afford雙語例句1.Wherethepervasivefocusismorepeople,thegoalhereismoreaffordable.如果普及的重點(diǎn)是更多的人,這里的目標(biāo)是讓更多的人支付的起.2.Thisseriesofproductsatanaffordableprice,healthandenvironmentalprotection.該系列產(chǎn)品價(jià)格經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)惠,健康環(huán)保.3.TheModelT,theworld'sfirstfamilycaraffordabletothecommonpeople.T型號(hào)汽車,是普通人消費(fèi)得起的世界第一家居車.11：environmentally英[nn'ment()li]美[nnment()li]adv.與環(huán)境有關(guān)系地變形形容詞：environmental雙語例句1.Heveeredawayfromthemostenvironmentallysoundoption.他放棄了對(duì)環(huán)境保護(hù)最有利的選擇方案。2.Environmentally-consciousGermansareworriedaboutthepollutionthecarproduces.關(guān)注環(huán)境的德國人對(duì)汽車造成的污染十分擔(dān)心。3.Theprojectisenvironmentallyunsound.這個(gè)項(xiàng)目會(huì)破壞環(huán)境。12：Imagine英[m?dn]美[n][電影]想象雙語例句1.Don'timagineyoucangetanythingoutofit.休想在這件事上撈稻草.2.Onecanimaginehowregretfulhewas.可以想像他是多么懊悔.3.Idon'timaginetheywillcomeifitrains.我認(rèn)為天如果下雨,他們是不會(huì)來的.13：tolerate英[tlt]美[tɑlt]v.容許；忍受；有耐受性變形過去分詞：tolerated現(xiàn)在分詞：tolerating過去式：tolerated第三人稱單數(shù)：tolerates雙語例句1.Hecan'ttoleratedissentingviews.他不能容納不同意見.2.Sometoleratesubjectivistpropagandaandregarditwithequanimity.有些同志聽?wèi){別人宣傳主觀主義,也安之若素.3.Trueblueslikemygrandfatherwon'ttolerateanysortofstatecontrol.像我祖父這類反對(duì)變革的人物不會(huì)容忍任何形式的國家控制.14：entertain英[ent??ten]美[entten]v.招待；娛樂；使有興趣；懷有（想法、希望、感覺等）變形過去分詞：entertained現(xiàn)在分詞：entertaining過去式：entertained第三人稱單數(shù)：entertains雙語例句1.Weentertainafirmbeliefinthefinalvictory.我們對(duì)最后勝利抱有堅(jiān)定的信念.2.ItisherdestinytoentertainothersandtobeusedandthenabusedOsmond.這是她的命運(yùn)招待別人,用來然后濫用奧斯蒙德.3.Entertainoutsidertostayovernightorbroughtinsidethedormitory.留外人住宿或帶外人進(jìn)入宿舍.15：appointment英[??p??ntmnt][??p??ntmnt]n.預(yù)約，約定；任命；職位變形復(fù)數(shù)：appointments雙語例句1.TheymadetheappointmentofPeteraschairmanoftheunion.他們?nèi)蚊说脼楣?huì)主席.2.About100personshaveappliedfortheappointment.約有100人申請(qǐng)這一職務(wù).3.HistermofappointmentexpiresinAugust.他8月份任職期滿.16：worldwide英[??ldd]美[??d]adj.世界各地的adv.世界各地地雙語例句1.Thesocietyexpandedintoaworldwideorganization.這個(gè)社團(tuán)已擴(kuò)大成為一個(gè)世界性的組織.2.Thisbookhasworldwidesales.這本書在全世界暢銷.3.Hisfameisworldwide.他的名聲享譽(yù)全世界.17：infrastructure英[strkt(r)]美[strktr]n.基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施；基礎(chǔ)建設(shè)變形形容詞：infrastructural復(fù)數(shù)：infrastructures雙語例句1.Healsoundertooktoearmark$235billioningovernmentexpenditureoninfrastructureprojectswithinfiveyears.同時(shí)承諾在五年內(nèi)投資二千三百五十億元進(jìn)行基建.2.AccessforindependentminerstotherailandportsinfrastructureinPilbaramayhelp.如果那些獨(dú)立礦商能夠使用皮爾巴拉的鐵路和港口等基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施,或許會(huì)有所幫助.3.Buttheinfrastructurewillgrowup.不過,基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施將發(fā)展起來.18：appearance英[??pns]美[??pns]n.外表；（突然）到來，出現(xiàn)；問世；露面，演出，出庭；表現(xiàn)變形復(fù)數(shù)：appearances雙語例句1.Theyaresimilarinappearance.他們?cè)谕饷采舷嗨?2.Shewasverytense,butshepreservedanappearanceofnonchalance.她內(nèi)心很緊張,可外表卻裝著滿不在乎的樣子.3.Processfortheirappearancehasbeendulyissued.要他們出庭的傳票已及時(shí)發(fā)出.三：閱讀訓(xùn)練HowtoDoMan-on-the-StreetInterviewsTheman-on-the-streetinterviewisaninterviewinwhichareporterhitsthestreetswithacameramantointerviewpeopleonthespot.1Butwiththesetips,yourfirstman-on-the-streetinterviewexperiencecanbeeasy.Whenyourbossorprofessorsendsyououttodoman-on-the-streetinterviewsforastory,thinkaboutthetopicanddevelopalistofabouttengeneralquestionsrelatingtoit.Forexample,ifyourtopicisaboutenvironmentalproblemsinAmerica,youmightask,“WhydoyouthinkenvironmentalprotectionisimportantinAmerica?”2Hitthestreetswithconfidence.3Say,“Excuseme,IworkforXYZNews,andIamwonderingifyoucouldshareyouropinionaboutthistopic.”Thisisaquickwaytogetpeopletowarmuptoyou.Moveontothenextpersonifsomeonetellsyousheisnotinterestedintalkingoncamera.Don’tgetdiscouraged.?4Eachinterviewthatyougetonthestreetshouldn’