英語劃分句子成分句式練習試題及含英語劃分句子成分句式練習試題及含2/14英語劃分句子成分句式練習試題及含英語句子成分（一）句子主要成分有主語和謂語；次要成分有表語、賓語、定語、狀語、補足語和同位語。（二）主語：主語是一個句子所表達的主體，一般位于句首。主語可由名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動名詞、名詞化的形容詞和主語從句等表示。比方：劃出主語并說出什么詞充當?shù)闹髡ZWeoftenspeakEnglishinclass.One-thirdofthestudentsinthisclassaregirls.Toswimintheriverisagreatpleasure.Smokingdoesharmtothehealth.Therichshouldhelpthepoor.Itisnecessarytomasteraforeignlanguage.WhenwearegoingtohaveanEnglishtesthasnotbeendecided.（三）謂語：動詞做謂語,謂語說明主語所做的動作或擁有的特色和狀態(tài)。謂語的構成以下：1、簡單謂語：由一個動詞或動詞短語構成。如：Hepracticesrunningeverymorning.2、復合謂語：（1）由神情動詞或其他助動詞加動詞原形構成。如：Youmaykeepthebookfortwoweeks.Hehascaughtabadcold（.2）由系動詞加表語構成。如：Wearestudents.比方：劃出表語并說出有什么詞充當OurteacherofEnglishisanAmerican.Isityours?Theweatherhasturnedcold.Thespeechisexciting.Threetimessevenistwentyone?HisjobistoteachEnglish.1/7Hishobbyisplayingfootball.Themachinemustbeoutoforder.Timeisup.Theclassisover.Thetruthisthathehasneverbeenabroad.（五）賓語：賓語表示動作的對象或承愛者，一般位于及物動詞和介詞后面。比方：Theywenttoseeanexhibitionyesterday.Theyhelpedtheoldwiththeirhouseworkyesterday.Hepretendednottoseeme.Ienjoylisteningtopopularmusic.Ithink（that）heisfitforhisoffice.賓語種類：（1）雙賓語（間接賓語+直接賓語），比方：Lendmeyourdictionary,please.2）復合賓語（賓語+賓補），比方：Theyelectedhimtheirmonitor.（六）賓語補足語：英語中有些及物動詞，除有一個直接賓語以外，還要有一個賓語補語，才能使句子的意義完滿。帶有賓語補足語的一般句型為：某些及物動詞（如make等+賓語+賓補）。賓補可由名詞、形容詞、副詞、不定式、分詞、介詞短語和從句充當。比方：HisfathernamedhimDongming.Theypaintedtheirboatwhite.Letthefreshairin.Youmustn’tforcehimtolehnidsmoneytoyou.Wesawherenteringtheroom.Wefoundeverythinginthelabingoodorder.2/7Wewillsoonmakeourcitywhatyourcityisnow.（七）定語：修飾名詞或代詞的詞、短語或從句稱為定語。定語可由以低等成分表示：名詞，形容詞，代詞，分詞，動名詞，不定式短語，介詞短語等比方：找出定語并看由何種成分充當：Guilinisabeautifulcity.Chinaisadevelopingcountry;Americaisadevelopedcountry.Therearethirtywomenteachersisourschool.HisrapidprogressinEnglishmadeussurprised.Ourmonitorisalwaysthefirsttoentertheclassroom.Theteachingplanfornexttermhasbeenworkedout.HeisreadinganarticleabouthowtolearnEnglish.（八）狀語：修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或整個句子，說明動作或狀態(tài)特色的句子成分，叫做狀語。可由以下形式表示：Lighttravelsmostquickly.（副詞及副詞性詞組）Hehaslivedinthecityfortenyears.（介詞短語）Heisproudtohavepassedthenationalcollegeentranceexamination（.不定式短語）Heisintheroommakingamodelplane.（分詞短語）Waitaminute.（名詞）Onceyoubegin,youmustcontinue.（狀語從句）狀語種類以下：Howaboutmeetingagainatsix?（時間狀語）3/7Lastnightshedidn’tgotothedancepartybecauseof（th原e因rai狀n.語）Ishallgothereifitdoesn（條’件狀tra語in）.MrSmithlivesonthethirdfloor.（地點狀語）Sheputtheeggsintothebasketwithgreatcare.（方式狀語）Shecameinwithadictionaryinherhand.（陪同狀語）Inordertocatchupwiththeothers,Imustworkharder.（目的狀語）Hewassotiredthathefellasleepimmediately.（結(jié)果狀語）Sheworksveryhardthoughsheisold（.退步狀語）Iamtallerthanheis.（比較狀語）英語句子結(jié)構英語句子看上去紛繁錯雜，但仔細觀察不外乎五個基本句式。這五個基本句式可以演變出多種復雜的英語句子。換言之，絕大多數(shù)英語句子都是由這五個基本句式生成的。這五個基本句式以下：練習一、指出以下句子劃線部分是什么句子成分：1.Thestudentsgotontheschoolbus.2.Hehandedmethenewspaper.3.Ishallansweryourquestionafterclass.4.WhatabeautifulChinesepainting!5.Theywenthuntingtogetherearlyinthemorning.6.Hisjobistotrainswimmers.7.HetookmanyphotosofthepalacesinBeijing.8.ThereisgoingtobeanAmericanfilmtonight.4/711.Hemanagedtofinishtheworkintime.12.Tomcametoaskmeforadvice.13.HefounditimportanttomasterEnglish.14.Doyouhaveanythingelsetosay?15.Tobehonest,yourpronunciationisnotsogood.16.Wouldyoupleasetellmeyouraddress?17.Hesatthere,readinganewspaper.18.Itisourdutytokeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.19.Henoticedamanentertheroom.20.Theapplestastedsweet.二、解析以下句子成分1.Ourschoolisnotfarfrommyhome.2.Itisagreatpleasuretotalkwithyou3.Allofusconsideredhimhonest.4.Mygrandfatherboughtmeapairofsportsshoes.5.Hebrokeapieceofglass.6.Hemadeitclearthathewouldleavethecity．9.Theypushedthedooropen.10.Grandmatoldmeaninterestingstorylastnight.三.劃分句子成分練習題（1）1.Theyareworkingonthefarmnow.2.Seeingisbelieving3.AllofuslikeKobeBryantverymuch4.Shebecameadoctorin19985.Thebooklyingontheflooraremine6.Suddenlyitbeginstorain5/77.Tocatchthetrain,Igotupearlyyesterday8.Ialwaysfindherhappy9.HewondersIfIstillstudyEnglish10.TheletterwhichIreceivedthedaybeforeyesterdaywasafriendofmine11.WealwaysworkhardatEnglish.13.Shewatchedherdaughterplayingthepiano.14.Speakingdoesn'tmeandoing.15.ByethetimeIgottothestation,thetrainhadleft.16.Thechildrenboughttheirparentsacarforthe25thanniversaryoftheirmarriage.17.Ittakesmeanhourtogetthere.語法填空增強練習（1）Inthepastagentlemanwouldofferhisseat__(1)__aladyonacrowdedbus.Butnow,hewillprobablylookoutofthewindoworhidebehindhisnewspaper,__(2)__(leave)theladystanding__(3)_someoneelsegetsoff.Youcan’tentirelyblamemenforthischangeinmanners.__(4)__(go)arethedayswhenwomencouldbereferredtotheweak.Awholegenerationhasgrownupdemanding__(5)__(equal)withmeninjobs,ineducationandinsociallife.Holdadoorforsomewomen__(6)__youarelikelytoget__(7)__angrylectureontreatingwomen__(8)__weaklings.Takeagirloutforamealandshe’llprobablyinsistonpayin__(9)__shareofthebill.Allthese,accordingtosomesociologists,willchangemen’sattitudetowardswomenandtheconventionalactivepolitenessisperhapsslowlybeing__(10)__(replace)bytrueconsiderationfortheneedsandfeelingofwomen,sothatmencanseewomenasequalhumanbeings.語法填空增強練習（2）語法填空增強練習（3）6/7Doyoufeel__(1)__difficulttobehappyallthetime?NowI’llgiveyousometips__(2)__howtomakeyourselfhappy.Onewayisbeing__(3)__(self)becauseunselfishnessisthekeyfactor__(4)__(require)ifyouwanttogetalongwellwithothers.By__(5)__(say)beingunselfishwemeanwe__(6)__notwanteverythingourownwayordemandthebestshareofeverything.Anotherwayistolookforgoodpointsin__(7)__people.You’llfindmostpeoplepleasanttogowithanditwillsurelymakeyouhappy.T