GRE

AW301真yuzheny@日程安排Argument(今天)Issue(明天)寫作語(yǔ)言特訓(xùn)(后天)Day

1:

Argument沖刺真yuzheny@回顧之前的內(nèi)容兩種instruction，兩種視角：考慮考慮作者假設(shè)回顧之前的內(nèi)容兩種instruction，兩種視角：考慮作者假設(shè)考慮考慮作者假設(shè)Write

a

response

in

which

you

examine

the

stated

and/orunstatedassumptions

of

the

argument.

Be

sure

to

explain

how

theargument

depends

on

the

assumptions

and

what

the

implicationsareif

theassumptions

proveunwarranted.只關(guān)注作者在論證過(guò)不關(guān)心作者的結(jié)論是否正確，：做出了哪些假設(shè)；這些假設(shè)如何為結(jié)論和推理服務(wù)；當(dāng)假設(shè)被駁倒時(shí)結(jié)論會(huì)有什么影響?？紤]作者假設(shè)回顧之前的內(nèi)容兩種instruction，兩種視角：考慮作者假設(shè)考慮考慮Write

a

response

in

which

you

discuss

what

specific

evidence

isneeded

to

evaluate

the

argument

and

explain

how

the

evidencewould

weaken

or

strengthen

the

argument.作者結(jié)論/完善之處。是否正確不知道，但是作者的邏輯存在不清楚還需要什么 來(lái)證明/證偽作者的結(jié)論/。支持的不支持的→增強(qiáng)→削弱考慮整理成能理解的故事……整理成能理解的故事……作者的邏輯存在問(wèn)題（assumption有問(wèn)題）整理成能理解的故事……作者的邏輯存在問(wèn)題（assumption有問(wèn)題）針對(duì)

：現(xiàn)有 不足以支持結(jié)論（

）整理成能理解的故事……作者的邏輯存在問(wèn)題（assumption有問(wèn)題）針對(duì)

：現(xiàn)有 不足以支持結(jié)論（

）結(jié)論？整理成能理解的故事……作者的邏輯存在問(wèn)題（assumption有問(wèn)題）針對(duì)

：現(xiàn)有 不足以支持結(jié)論（

）針對(duì)結(jié)論：作者的結(jié)論并非唯一（其他解釋）整理成能理解的故事……作者的邏輯存在問(wèn)題（assumption有問(wèn)題）針對(duì)

：現(xiàn)有 不足以支持結(jié)論（

）針對(duì)結(jié)論：作者的結(jié)論并非唯一（其他解釋）考慮其他解釋W(xué)rite

a

response

in

which

you

discuss

one

or

morealternativeexplanations

that

could

rival

theproposedexplanation

andexplain

how

your

explanation(s)

can

plausibly

account

forthefacts

presented

inthe

argument.考慮其他解釋提出一種或多種能夠與作者的理論相抗衡的解釋，并說(shuō)明你的理論如何解釋題中出現(xiàn)的事實(shí)。解題思路1.

看事實(shí)解題思路看事實(shí)看作者解釋解題思路看事實(shí)看作者解釋腦補(bǔ)別的解釋練習(xí)：找出能解釋以下現(xiàn)象的其他理論我晚飯去餐館吃了咖喱魚，飯后拉肚子，所以咖喱是拉肚子的原因。練習(xí)：找出能解釋以下現(xiàn)象的其他理論我晚飯去餐館吃了咖喱魚，飯后拉肚子，所以咖喱是拉肚子的原因。繼續(xù)思考：1.

需要什么樣的才能幫助判斷原因？練習(xí)：找出能解釋以下現(xiàn)象的其他理論我晚飯去餐館吃了咖喱魚，飯后拉肚子，所以咖喱是拉肚子的原因。繼續(xù)思考：需要什么樣的 才能幫助這里的assumption是什么？判斷原因？練習(xí)：找出能解釋以下現(xiàn)象的其他理論練習(xí)：找出能解釋以下現(xiàn)象的其他理論火星鎮(zhèn)過(guò)去10年肺癌發(fā)病數(shù)上升了50%，空氣污染物濃度同

期也比10年前上升了50%，所以空氣污染是肺癌的首要原因。歸根到底的兩點(diǎn)歸根到底的兩點(diǎn)先后順序不等于因果關(guān)系歸根到底的兩點(diǎn)先后順序不等于因果關(guān)系相關(guān)性不等于因果關(guān)系看"A

recentstudy

ofeighteen

rhesus

monkeys

provides

clues

as

totheeffects

of

birth

order

on

an

individual's

levels

of

stimulation.

The

studyshowed

that

in

stimulating

situations

(such

as

an

encounter

with

anunfamiliarmonkey), born

infantmonkeys

produce

uptotwice

asmuch

ofthehormone

cortisol,

which

primes

thebody

forincreasedactivity

levels,

as

dotheiryoungersiblings. born

humansalsoproduce

relatively

high

levels

of

cortisol

in

stimulating

situations

(suchas

the

returnof

aparentafter

anabsence).

The

study

also

found

thatduringpregnancy,

-timemothermonkeys

hadhigher

levels

ofcortisol

than

did

those

who

had

had

several

offspring."回到三種instruction背后的思維方式作者的邏輯存在問(wèn)題（assumption有問(wèn)題）針對(duì)

：現(xiàn)有 不足以支持結(jié)論（

）針對(duì)結(jié)論：作者的解釋并非唯一（其他解釋）回到三種instruction背后的思維方式作者的邏輯存在問(wèn)題（assumption有問(wèn)題）針對(duì)

：現(xiàn)有 不足以支持結(jié)論（

）針對(duì)結(jié)論：作者的解釋并非唯一（其他解釋）這些點(diǎn)都可以作為“問(wèn)題”提出作者的邏輯存在問(wèn)題（assumption有問(wèn)題）針對(duì)

：現(xiàn)有 不足以支持結(jié)論（

）針對(duì)結(jié)論：作者的解釋并非唯一（其他解釋）怎么針對(duì)assumption提問(wèn)？怎么針對(duì)evidence提問(wèn)？怎么針對(duì)explanation提問(wèn)？看The

council

of

Maple

County,

concerned

about

the

county's

ingoverdeveloped,

is

debating

a

proposed

measure

that

would

prevent

thedevelopment

of

existing

farmland

in

the

county.

But

the

council

is

alsoconcerned

that

such

a

restriction,

by

limiting

the

supply

of

new

housing,

couldlead

to

significant

increases

in

the

price

of

housing

in

the

county.

Proponents

of

the

measure

note

that

Chestnut

County

established

a

similar

measure

tenyears

ago,

and

its

housing

prices

have

increased

only

modestly

since.

However,opponents

of

the

measure

note

that

Pine

County

adopted

restrictions

on

thedevelopment

of

new

residential

housing

fifteen

years

ago,

and

its

housing

prices