英語高考專題復(fù)習(xí)講與練2It用法一、考點(diǎn)聚焦1、it的根本用法(1)用作人稱代詞，代替前文提到過的事物。Thetrainhasarrived.Itarrivedhalfanhourago.(2)用以代替提示代詞this,that。一Whafsthis?—It'saknife.—Whosewatchisthat?一It'smine.(3)起指示代詞的作用，指一個人或事物?！猈hoisknockingatthedoor?—It'sme.(4)指環(huán)境情況等。Itwasverynoisy(quiet)attheverymoment.(5)指時間、季節(jié)等。-Whattimeisit?-Il'seighto'clock.Itoftenrainsinsummerhere.(6)指距離。Itisalongwaytotheschool.(7)作形式主語。Itisnoteasytofinishtheworkintwodays.Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.Itisaspilythatyoudidn'treadthebook.⑻作形式賓語。Ithinkitnousearguingwithhim.IfounditveryinterestingtostudyEnglish.Hemadeitclearthathewasnotinterestedinthatsubject.(9)用于強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)。ItwasXiaomingwhom(thal)!metinthestreetlastnight.ItwasinthestreetthatImetXiaominglastnight.ItwslastnightthatImetXiaominginthestreet.ItwasIwhometXiaominginthestreetlastnight.2、含有“Ilis…”的句型Itistime(forsb.)todosth.Itis(high)timethatsb.didsth.(虛擬語氣)Itis+形容詞(+of/forsb.)+todosth.通常用of的詞有brave、clever>carefulhopeless>kind^good、naughty>nice^silly、stupidsfoolish、wise等。Itis+形容詞+that+sb.+(should)dosth.(虛擬語氣)能用于這個句型的形容詞有strangewonderfulnaturalgood、proper、right、wrong、well、fortunateximportant>necessaryuselesslikely^probable、impossible等。有時可省去should而直接用動詞原形。如：Itisimportantthatweshouldpaycloseattentiontograin.Itisnaturalthathe(should)sayso.Itisnouse/good+doingsth.Itisnousetryingagain=Itisofnousetotryagain.Itis+被強(qiáng)調(diào)局部+that/who+...Wasitinthestreetthatyoumether?Whowasitthatcalledhim“comrade"?ItwasnotuntilyesterdaythatImetmyoldfriend.Itisinasmallfactorythatmybrotherisgoingtowork」注意上述各句均為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的“考占“)比擬：Itisasmallfactorywheremybrotherisgoingtowork.(定語從句)Itissaid/reported/announced/(well)known...that...Ilis/was+時間+since...從已多久了。ItisthreeyearssinceImethiminBeijing.ItwasalongtimesinceI(had)livedinthatsmallmountainvillagewiththesefarmers.(注意兩句中的時態(tài))ItisfivemonthssinceIarrivedinNewYork.我到紐約已經(jīng)五個月了。ItisfivemonthssinceIwasinNewYork.我離開紐約已經(jīng)五個月了。(注意：終止性動詞表示從動作發(fā)生時算起；如果是狀態(tài)動詞或持續(xù)性動詞，則從動作或狀態(tài)結(jié)束時算起。)Itis+時間+before...這個句型和上面句型中時間都是時間段，如long、years>monthssweeks、fivedays、threehours、twentyminutes等。不過主句的時態(tài)多用一般將來時或?般過去時。Itwillbeseveralyearsbeforewemeetagain.我們要過好幾年才能再見面。Itwasnotlongbeforetheysetoutforthefront.不久他們就出發(fā)去了前線。Itis/was/willbethefirst/second/third...timethat...ItisthefirsttimethatIhavebeenhere.Itwasthesecondtimethathehadseenthefilm.Itisuptosb.todosth...應(yīng)由某人做某事。1(isuptoyoutodecidewhetherwestartornot.二、精典名題導(dǎo)解選擇填空1.isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.(NMET1995)A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It解析：答案為D。此題考查作形式主語的用法。that引導(dǎo)的從句是真正的主語。為防止頭重腳輕而平衡句子結(jié)構(gòu)，將it置于句首作形式主語。2.1hopetherearcenoughglasseforeachguesttohave.(NMET1995)解析：答案為D。此題考查替代詞it和。ne的區(qū)別。it用于替代同類的、特定的、同?的事物；one替代同類的、泛指的人或物。根據(jù)題意“我希望有足夠的杯子使每個客人有一個。”可知應(yīng)用one泛指enoughglasses中的一個。3.WasthatIsawlastnightattheconcert?A.ityouB.notyouC.youD.thatyourself解析：答案為Ao此題考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的疑問式。只須將句序變?yōu)殛愂鼍浔悴浑y得出答案。三、常見用法有以下幾類：1、it可用于代替上文中提到的那一個事物。2、it可用于代替上文中說到的一件事。3、ii可用于代替不知情的人［尤其是不知身份、性別和姓名的人)。4、it可用于表示時間、天氣、距離、計(jì)算結(jié)果等。5、it可用于代替不定式、動名詞、從句等，充當(dāng)形式主語。其常用句型為：It-be—adj./n./v-ed—(o+V/V-ing/Clause6、it可用于代替不定式、動名詞、從句，充當(dāng)形式賓語，把真正賓語(不定式、動名詞、名詞或從句)置于句末。其常用句型為：S-Vt---it—adj./n.—to+V/V-ing/n./Clause7、it可用于構(gòu)成強(qiáng)調(diào)句，把一個句子中除謂語以外的句子成分(如主語、賓語、表語、狀語等)提到句首加以強(qiáng)調(diào)。其構(gòu)成形式是：Itis(was)+被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分(不能改變被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分的數(shù)和格)+that/who+原句剩余局部8、it常用于一些固定結(jié)構(gòu)中，作無人稱代詞用，充當(dāng)主語等。it用法專題練習(xí)1：1---What'sthis?---amapofChinaA.ThisisB.ThafsC.IfsD.Thcrc's2-Whereismypen?…onthedesk.A.ThisisB.That'sC.It'sD.There's31wasdisappointedwiththefilm.Ihadexpectedtobemuchbetter.4Theyoftenhelpuswithourresearch.kindofthem.A.TheyareB.YouareC.ItisD.Thisis5Tom'smotherkepttellinghimtoworkharder,butdidn'thelp.6Johnpassedtheexamsuccessfullyandwasmorethanwehadexpected.7---Who'sknockingatthedoor?—me.A.IfsB.rmC.That'sD.Thisis8--Who'sthebabyinthephoto?…mybrother.A.ThisisB.That'sC.It'sD.There'sSundaytoday.Let'sgofbranouting.A.ThereisB.It'sC.ThisisD.That'swasrainingheavilywhenthefilmwasover.11alongwayfrommyhometotheschool.A.ItisB.ThisisC.Thereis12--What'stenaddedtosix?D.Therehasbeen一sixteen.A.ThereisB.itisC.Thisis13importanttolearnEnglishwell.D.WehaveA.ThisisB.That'sC.It'sD.There's14greatfuntoplaybasketballafterschool.A.IthasB.itisC.ThisisD.Therehas15_nouseaskingthemforhelp.A.IthasB.itisC.ThisisD.Therehas16_awasteofmoneysmokingalot.A.IthasB.itisC.ThisisD.Therehasstrange(hatheshouldsaysuchwordstoyou.A.IthasB.ItisC.ThisisD.TherehassaidthatonlythreepeoplecouldunderstandEinsteinatthattime.A.IthasB.ItisC.ThisisD.Therehas19Einstcinfoundhardtogetalongwiththeotherboysatschool.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zA.itsB.ifsC.itD./20Theyfeelapitythattheyshouldmissthewonderfulfilm.A.itsB.thisC.itD./21Thedustyairmakesdifficulttogetaclearpicture.A.itsB.it'sC.itD./221findnoneedgoingtotownwithoutanymoneyonme.A.itsB.thisC.itD./23Hethinksadutytoworkforthepeople.A.itsB.thisisC.itD./24Wefeelapitywe(should)missthechanceofgoingtotheparty.A.its,thatB.thisjhatC.it,thatD.that,thatwasnotuntilhegottotheofficeherememberedleaving(hekeyhome.A.It,itB.It,thatC.it,whenD.That,whcnamreadytohelpyououtofthedanger.A.ItisIwhoB.itismewhoC.itismethatD.ThisismethatEnglishIwilltrytolearnwell.A.Itis,thatB.Thisis,thatC.That,whichD.Thereis,which28---I'mafraidIcan'tdothejobasyoutoldmeto.---matter.A.Youdon'tB.Itdoesn'tC.Thereisn'tD.Thisisn'tyearsIenjoyedmyselfsomuch.A.Itis,thatB.Thereis,lhatC.Ilis,sinceD.Therehas,sinceayearIgotocollege.A.Itwillbc,beforeB.Itwillbe,whenC.Thiswillbe,whenD.Ithasbeen,thatwon'tbelonghecatchesupwithus.A.It,beforeB.There,befbre《.That's,whenD.It,whendoesn'tmatterwhetherhecomesornot.matterwhenhewillcomebackhome?A.DocsitB.DoyouC.DocsheD.Docsthisit用法專題練習(xí)2.isfouryearssinceIleftmyhometown..isnogoodwithoutdoinganything.A.This,talkingB.It,totalkC.It,talkingD.That,totalk.Thepeopletherefeltnotsodifficulttoworkwithhim..Howlongtofinishthework?A.you'lltakeB.willtakeyouC.you'lltakeitD.willittakeyou5.isalongwaytoschool,whichmeansisalongwaytogobeforewearrive.A.It,thereB.There,itC,It,itD.There,there.Mike'smotherwasalwaystellinghimthatheshouldnotbelazy,butdidn'thelp..youmetJane?A.WherewasthatB.WhowasitthatC.WherewasitthatD.Whereitwasthat.Whowasthatcalledhim“comrade"?.Theyarcallclassmates.isnowonderthattheyshouldhelpeachotherwiththeirstudies..toallthatTaiwanisthelargestislandinChina.A.AsknowsB.AsweknowC.ItisknownD.Whatisknown1LitwasinthelabwastakenchargeofbyProfessorBlacktheydidtheexperiment.A.that,whereB.which,thatC.whom,thatD.which,where12.willbeyearswemeetagain.A.There,sinceB.There,afterC.It,thatD.It,before13.seemsunlikelythathewillcatchthetrain.14.iseasy(olearnEnglish,butisdifficulttolearnwell.A.It,it,thisB.It,this,itC.It,it,itD.It,which,which15.1don'trememberhowmanyyearsagoIlastmetyou.A.itwasthatB.thatwasitC.wasitthatD.thatwaswhen.—youleftschool?…Aboutayearago.A.WhenwasthatB.WhenwasitC.WhenwasitthatD.How