OdetotheWestWindIfWintercomes,canSpringbefarbehind?------如果冬天來了，春天還會(huì)遠(yuǎn)嗎？Ⅰ.PercyByssheShelley《西風(fēng)頌》是雪萊“三大頌”詩(shī)歌中的一首，寫于1819年。這首詩(shī)是詩(shī)人“驕傲、輕捷而不馴的靈魂”的自白，是時(shí)代精神的寫照。詩(shī)共分5節(jié)，每節(jié)的韻腳安排是：aba，bcb，cdc，ded，ee。MajorLiteraryWorks《無神論的必然》

TheNecessityofAtheism(1811)《麥布女王》

QueenMab:APhilosophicalPoem(1813):

hisfirstlongseriouswork

emphasizinghowthe“SpiritofNature”《西風(fēng)頌》

OdetotheWestWind(1819):

best

ofhiswell-known

lyricpoemsMajorFeaturesofShelley’sPoetryRichin

myth,symbolsandclassicalallusions,especiallyindescribing

fire,air,water,windandearth;Strongdramaticpowerasshownintherapidityofhislines;Styleaboundsin

personificationandmetaphor

andotherfiguresofspeech.HisPositioninEnglishHistoryOneofthe

leading

romanticpoets,an

intenseandoriginallyricalpoet

intheEnglishlanguage;Asfarashis

lyricpoems

areconcerned,heisregardedas

oneofthegreatest

ofallEnglishpoets.Ⅱ.ⅢⅣⅤⅥHistoricalBackgroundEventTime：August16,1819Location：TheSlaughterofSt.Peter’s.Manchester(彼得盧事件，曼徹斯特)Twoparty:England’snobility&working-classcitizensRelativewords:Economicproblems(經(jīng)濟(jì)問題）FrenchRevolution（法國(guó)大革命）Establishedorder（既定規(guī)章制度）Parliamentaryreform&lawsredesigned（重整國(guó)會(huì)&重訂法律條文）Result:11killed&>500injured（11死，500傷）Ⅲ.全詩(shī)共5節(jié)，可分為兩個(gè)部分1.Part1(1-3):寫西風(fēng)掃落葉，播種子，驅(qū)散亂云，放釋雷雨，把地中海從夏天的沉睡中吹醒，讓大西洋涂上莊嚴(yán)秋色。這一部分是對(duì)西風(fēng)的贊歌。2.Prat2(4-5):詩(shī)人將自己寫入詩(shī)歌，同西風(fēng)合為一體，把主觀感情與自然景物融合在一起。表現(xiàn)詩(shī)人投入革命風(fēng)暴的強(qiáng)烈愿望，也展示了對(duì)光明前景的熱切期望，充滿對(duì)光明未來的堅(jiān)定信念。第二節(jié)你激蕩長(zhǎng)空，亂云飛墜如落葉；你搖撼天和海，不許它們象老樹纏在一堆；你把雨和電趕了下來，只見藍(lán)空上你馳騁之處忽有萬丈金發(fā)披開，象是酒神的女祭司勃然大怒，愣把她的長(zhǎng)發(fā)遮住了半個(gè)天，將暴風(fēng)雨的來臨宣布。你唱著挽歌送別殘年，今夜這天空宛如圓形的大墓，罩住了混濁的云霧一片，卻擋不住電火和冰雹的突破，更有黑雨傾盆而下！呵，聽我的歌！第四節(jié)如果我能是一片落葉隨你飄騰，如果我能是一朵流云伴你飛行，或是一個(gè)浪頭在你的威力下翻滾，如果我能有你的銳勢(shì)和沖勁，即使比不上你那不羈的奔放，但只要能拾回我當(dāng)年的童心，我就能陪著你遨游天上，那時(shí)候追上你未必是夢(mèng)囈，又何至淪落到這等頹喪，祈求你來救我之急！呵，卷走我吧，象卷落葉，波浪，流云！我跌在人生的刺樹上，我血流遍體！歲月沉重如鐵鏈，壓著的靈魂原本同你一樣，高傲，飄逸，不馴。Ⅳ.Ode:anelaboratelyformallyricpoem,oftenintheformofalengthyceremoniousaddresstoapersonorabstractentity,alwaysseriousandelevatedintone.自由頌（OdeToLiberty，1820）西風(fēng)頌（OdeToTheWestWind，1819）

OwildWestWind,thoubreathofAutumn'sbeing,TheWestWindisamanifestationofspiritualorsupernaturalenergy,associatedwithbreath,respirationandinspiration,withpneumaandanima,theHolyGhostorSpirit,thespiritoflifeitself.Thisisimportantinastanzawhichcontainssomanyreferencesandallusionstodeathanddecay,reaffirmingtheenergyandvitalityofthewestwind.

WildSpirit,whichartmovingeverywhere;Destroyerandpreserver;hear,Ohear!TheWindpossessesthesetwoattributes,coupledalsowithitsroleasCreator.InHindumythologythethreeprincipalgodsareSiva(Destroyer),Brahma(Creator)andVishnu(Preserver),anditissignificantthatShelley'spoeminvokesallthreegodsasmanifestedintheoneabstractforceof(orwithinorbehind)theWestWind.ThephraseneatlyexpressestheambivalentattitudewhichShelleyfeelstowardstheWind.IfIwereadeadleafthoumightestbear;IfIwereaswiftcloudtoflywiththee;Awavetopantbeneaththypower,andshareAtthispointthereisabreakinthepoem,aradicalshiftofargumentandapullingtogether.Shelleylikeshimself,hypothetically,toaleaf,acloudandawave,subjecttotheforceoftheWestWind,andaskstobebornealoftwithit:hemaybetalkingabout"inspiration"or"enthusiasm",bothwordswhicharederivedfromthesenseofbeingfilledwithair,inflated,risingaboveexperienceandage.Thetrumpetofaprophecy!O,Wind,IfWintercomes,canSpringbefarbehind?Thereisaconsciousechoherebacktotheclarioncallofstanza1:therethecallwasassociatedwithSpring,andtherearesimilarsuggestionshereoftheproclamationofanewerainhumansociety,precededbytheapocalypticenergysymbolizedbytheWestWind.Thepoemendsitwithaquestion,whichmightappearrhetorical,butismoreprobablyintendedtoindicateShelley'sownuncertainty.Imageanalysis*Thou,fromwhoseunseenpresencetheleavesdead

Aredriven,likeghostsfromanenchanterfleeing你無形，但枯死的落葉被你橫掃，有如鬼魅碰到了巫師，紛紛逃避Stanza1Destroyer------破壞者Stanza1Preserver------保護(hù)者Othou,WhochariotesttotheirdarkwintrybedThewingedseeds,wheretheyliecoldandlow,Eachlikeacorpsewithinitsgrave,untilThineazuresisteroftheSpringshallblow以車駕把有翼的種子催送到黑暗的冬床上，它們就躺在那里，像是墓中的死穴，冰冷，深藏，低賤，直等到春天，你碧空的姊妹吹起

Imageanalysis*Stanza3TheinevitabilityfortheoldworldtobereplacedThyvoice,andsuddenlygrowgraywithfear,Andtrembleanddespoilthemselves:ohhear!聽到你的聲音，它們已嚇得發(fā)青：一邊顫栗，一邊自動(dòng)萎縮：哦，你聽I(yíng)mageanalysis*Stanza4Emotion:willingtobetherevolution’scompanionOh,liftmeasawave,aleaf,acloud!Ifalluponthethornsoflife!Ibleed!Aheavyweightofhourshaschain'dandbow'dOnetoolikethee:tameless,andswift,andproud.Imageanalysis*Ⅵ.Themeofthework*1.“Ask”thewildwestwind,a“destroyerandpreserver,”tohearhim.2.Thepoetislikethewindathe