2020年國家開放電大遠(yuǎn)程網(wǎng)絡(luò)教育《大學(xué)英語 B》試題內(nèi)附全答案一、交際英語-Wouldyouliketogototheconcertwithusthisevening?No,Ialreadyhaveplans.I'dloveto,butI'mbusytonight.No,Ireallydon'tlikebeingwithyou.I'mill,soIshouldn'tgoout.答案：B-MustItakeataxi?-No,you.Youcantakemycar.hadbettertodon'tmustnotdon'thaveto答案：D-CouldIspeaktoDonWatkins,pleaseSpeaking,please.Oh,howareyou?I'mlistening.I'mDon.答案：A-SorryI'mlate.Youarewelcome.It'sapleasure.Takecare.Don'tworry.答案：D-Wearegoingtohaveasingingpartytonight.Wouldyouliketojoinus?I'mafraidnot,becauseIhavetogotoanimportantmeeting.Ofcoursenot.Ihavenoidea.No,Ican't.That'sallset.答案：A二、閱讀理解Thewordhorsepower（馬力）wasfirstusedtwohundredyearsago.（200年前“馬力”這個(gè)詞首次使用。）JamesWatthadmadethefirstwidelyusedsteam（蒸氣）engine.Hehadnowayoftellingpeopleexactlyhowpowerfulitwas,foratthattimetherewerenounitsformeasuring（測(cè)量）power.Wattdecidedtofindouthowmuchworkonestronghorsecoulddoinoneminute.Hecalledthatunitonehorsepower.Withthisunithecouldmeasuretheworkhissteamenginecoulddo.Hediscoveredthatahorsecouldlifta3,300-poundweight10feetintotheairinoneminute.Hisenginecouldlifta3,300-poundweight100feetinoneminute.Becausehisenginedidtentimesasmuchworkasthehorse,Wattcalleditatenhorsepowerengine.ThepassagesaysthatWattmadethefirstwidelyusedsteamengine.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zTF答案：AWattmadeupaunitofmeasurementbasedonthestrengthofahorse.TF答案：AWattwantedtofindawaytolifta3300-poundweight.TF答案：B9.Onehorsepowerwouldequaltheweightahorsecouldlift.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zTF答案：BThetitleofthepassageis"HowtheTermHorsepowerCameintoBeing".TF答案：AWhatmakesapersonascientist?（是什么使一個(gè)人成為科學(xué)家？）Doeshehavewaysortoolsoflearningthataredifferentfromthoseofothers?Theansweris“no”.Itisnotthetoolsascientistusesbuthowheusesthesetoolsthatmakeshimascientist.Youwillprobablyagreethatknowinghowtouseapowerisimportanttoacarpenter.Youwillprobablyagree,too,thatknowinghowtoinvestigate,howtodiscoverinformation,isimportanttoeveryone.Thescientist,however,goesonestepfurther,hemustbesurethathehasareasonableanswertohisquestionsandthathisanswercanbeconfirmedbyotherpersons.Healsoworkstofittheanswershegetstomanyquestionsintoalargesetofideasabouthowtheworldworks.Thescientist'sknowledgemustbeexact.Thereisnoroomforhalfrightorrightjusthalfthetime.Hemustbeasnearlyrightastheconditionspermit.Whatworksunderonesetofconditionsatonetimemustworkunderthesameconditionsatothertimes.Iftheconditionsaredifferent,anychangesthescientistobservesinademonstrationmustbeexplainedbythechangesintheconditions.Thisisonereasonthatinvestigationsareimportantinscience.AlbertEinstein,whodevelopedtheTheoryofRelativity,arrivedatthistheorythroughmathematics.Theaccuracyofhismathematicswaslatertestedthroughinvestigations,andEinsteinsideaswereshowntobecorrect.Ascientistusesmanytoolsformeasurements.Thenthemeasurementsareusedtomakemathematicalcalculationsthatmaytesthisinvestigations.Whatmakesascientistaccordingtothepassage?Thetoolsheuses.Thewayheuseshistools.Hiswaysoflearning.Thevarioustoolsheuses.答案：BTheunderlinedpartinthepassageshows.theimportanceofinformationtheimportanceofthinkingthedifferencebetweenscientistsandordinarypeoplethedifferencebetweencarpentersandpeoplewithotherjobs答案：CAsoundscientifictheoryshouldbeonethat.worksnotonlyunderonesetofconditionsatonetime,butalsounderthesameconditionsatothertimesdoesnotallowanychangesevenunderdifferentconditionscanbeusedformanypurposesleavesnoroomforimprovement答案：ATheauthorquotesthecaseofAlbertEinsteintoillustratethatmeasurementsarekeystosuccessinsciencethataccuracyofmathematicsthatinvestigationsareimportantinsciencethatthemathematicalcalculationsmaytesthisinvestigations答案：CWhatisthemainideaofthepassage?Thetheoryofrelativity.Exactnessisthecoreofscience.Scientistsaredifferentfromordinarypeople.Exactnessandwaysofusingtoolsarethekeystothemakingofascientist.答案：D三、詞匯與語法WhenLaurafinallyarrivedsheapologizedsolate.fortocomethatshewascomingforcomingtocome答案：C17.SamuelClemens,asMarkTwain,wasoneofthemostfamousAmericanwriters.toknowtobeknownknownknowing答案：C18.Sheisnotonlymyclassmatealsomygoodfriend.orbutandtoo答案：BTomissotalkative.I'msureyou'llsoongettiredhim.ofwithaton答案：AHelivesinthehousewherehewasborn.alreadyyetstillever答案：C四、完型填空SusanClevelandistheyoungpresidentofacandycompanyinthecityofChicago.（蘇珊克利夫蘭是芝加哥市里一家糖果公司的年輕總裁。）Herfatherbeganthecompanyinthe1960's.Hediedthreeyearsago.Now,thecompanybelongstoSusan.Susan,however,didnothaveanyjobsbeforebecomingheadofthecompany.Shejustfinishedthecollege.TheemployeesbecameevenmoreconcernedduringSusan'sfirstmonthsonthejob.Mr.Clevelandhadbeena__21__leader.ButSusanpermittedmanyemployeestomaketheirown__22__.Oneemployeesaid,"OldMr.Clevelandalwaystolduswhattodo.Hekeptpeopleonashortleash.Butthecompanydidwell.Whatdoesa"shortleash"mean?Aleashisakindofrope.Weusealeashtowalkourpetdogs.Theleashkeepsthedogfrom__23__awayorgettingintotrouble.Keepingapersononashortleashmeanskeepinghimorherunderclosecontrol.Thepersoncan'tmakemanydecisionsforhimselforherself.Ms.Clevelanddoesnotkeepherworkersonashortleash.__24__,sheencouragesthemtogetbetterwaystodobusiness.Forexample,hersecretaryproposedanidea.Shesaidthecompanyshouldofferasumofmoneyasaprizetothebeststudentinthehighschoolnearthefactory.Thewinnercouldusetheprizemoneytostudyatauniversity.Mr.Clevelandappreciatedtheidea.Aftertheprizewasannounced,peoplewholivedintheareaofthefactorybegantobuy__25__ofthecompany'scandy.Localnewspaperswroteaboutthecompetition.Businessimproved.Ms.Clevelandmadehersecretarythecompany'sfirstDirectorofPublicRelations.Theformersecretarywasverypleased.21.decisionsInsteadmorestrongrunning答案：D22.decisionsInsteadmorestrongrunning答案：A23.decisionsInsteadmorestrongrunning答案：E24.decisionsInsteadmorestrongrunning答案：B25.decisionsInsteadmorestrongrunning答案：C五、英譯漢26.Iusedthebagtoprotectmyfacefromthesmokeandheat.答案：我用包捂在臉上擋住煙和熱。Eachyearsomeofhismoneyisgiventothebestscientistsandwritersoftheworld.答案：每年他的一部分錢都會(huì)獎(jiǎng)/發(fā)給世界上最優(yōu)秀的科學(xué)家和作家。Firesmaydomoredamagethantheearthquakes（地震