2021年陜西省渭南市高考英語(yǔ)一模試卷

一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共30.0分）

A

BookRecommendationSecondHarvest

Author：DonAgey

Likethefirstinstallment.EclecticHarvest,thisbookincludesrhymedpoemswhichemploy

differentpoetictechniques.Ifyouareinterestedinit,buyitatadiscount.

OfHumanNatureandGoodHabits

Author：PrabhashKaran

Researchclaimsthatmaintainingonly5goodhabits-eatinghealthily,exercising,drinking

properly,notsmokingandmaintainingahealthybodyweight-cannotonlykeepthelifein

goldenyearshealthybutalsoextendthelifetimeoftheoldmenandwomenby12yearsand14

yearsrespectively.Thebookillustratessomeaspectsoflifestyles.Asyoucansee,thisbookis

especiallysuitableforpeopleafterretirement.

TheDuelingWizardsofSimpletown

Author：WhitneyLeePreston

TheDuelingWizardsofSimpletownisataleoffantasyinvolvingtwosillymagicians,anda

trickyplanbytheirtwo-facedservant.Thereisnodoubtthatkidswilllikeit.

MarvltandGoregGetinBigTroublewithaDinosaur

Author：ConnorAnstiss

MarvltandGoreglivenextdoortoeachother,andarebestfriends.Thesetwonaughty

8-year-oldsseemtogetintoallsortsoftroubles.Atthezoo,theyhaveamuchdifferent

encounter.Willtheybeokay?Readitandfindtheansweryourself.

1.Whichbookwillinterestpoetryloversmost?

A.SecondHarvest.

B.OfHumanNatureandGoodHabits.

C.TheDuelingWizardsofSimpletown.

D.MarvltandGoregGetinBigTroublewithaDinosaur.

2.WhatdoesPrabhashKaranthinkenablestheagedtolivelonger?

A.Eatingmore.B.Keepinghealthyhabits.

C.Gainingweight.D.Drinkingmuchwine.

3.What'sMarultandGoregGetinBigTroublewithaDinosaurabout?

A.Astoryoftookeepers.

B.Theexperienceoftwosillymagicians.

C.Ataleoftheanimalandchildren.

D.Thewaytodealwithnaughtychildren.

B

The64-year-oldMahendra,theSecretaryatPeopleforAnimalsCPFA),talksabouthisdisabled

andwoundeddogslikeafathertalksabouthischildren-withthesamelove,affectionand

warmth.ItwasthislovethatledhimtoestablishIndia'sfirstshelterhomefordogslivingwith

disabilities.

Itallstartedin1998.Whiletakingamidnightwalk,Mahendracameacrossaveryweakdogon

thestreet,whoseboneswerevisibleunderitsskin.Mahendradecidedtofeeditandforthenext

coupleofdaysitbecamethecentreofhislife,untilthenightwhenhefounditdead.

Afterthat,Mahendrastartedprovidingtreatmentforallwoundedandsidedogshecameacross.

Sometimelater,someonetoldMahendraaboutPFA,India'slargestanimalwelfare

organization,chairedbyMrsManekaGandhi.Mahendracontactedherandshewasimpressed

bytheworkhewasdoing,MrsGandhiaskedhimtostartaPFAchapterinAhmedbad.

Thus,in2004,hestartedtheshelter.IttookalongtimeforMehendratofindthelandwhere

thesheltercouldbesetup.Finally,RameshBhaiPatel,anativefarmerfromavillagenamed

Jundal,agreedtogivehislandfornothing.Alongwithateamoffourdoctorsandmany

volunteers,theshelternowhas25dogsthatwereunabletowalkatallwhentheywerebrought

in.Today,ihey'reslowlyhealing.Dogsthathavehealedwithpropertreatmentaresentbackto

wheretheycamefromiftheenvironmentthereissafe.However,theshelterwillbehometothe

blinddogsforalltheirlives,saysMahendra.

TheshelterrunsonmoneycomingfromMahendra'sownpensionofRs.45,000.Therehave

beensomefinancialcrunchesnowandthen,butMahendraisdeterminedthatnomatterwhat

challengecomestheirway,theyllfightthrough.

4.WhatmadeMahendradecidetodosomethingfordisabledandsickdogs?

A.HiscontactwithPFA.

B.TheencouragementofGandhi.

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C.Thedeathofahomelesssidedog.

D.AwalkwithasickdogotGandhi.

5.WhathappenedtoMahendrawhenhetriedtobuildtheshelter?

A.Hesecuredgovernmentfunds.

B.Hegotalandfromalocalfarmerforfree.

C.Helearnedmedicalknowledgefromdoctors.

D.Hemetwithmuchdifficultyinfindingvolunteers.

6.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordUcrundiesninthelastparagraphprobablymean?

A.Services.B.Advantages.C.Crisis.D.Details.

7.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeMahendra?

A.Kind-hearted.B.Humorous.C.Open-minded.D.Modest.

c

ModesteTraorehaslivedhiswholelifenearLakeWegnia,intheSahelareaofMali.Thelake's

fishhaveprovidedhimwithawaytoearnmoneytosupporthisextendedfamily.However,

becausehecan'tcatchenoughfishtofeedhisfamily,henowraisesfarmanimals.Butas

temperaturesrise,evaporation（蒸發(fā)）increases,makingthebodyofwatershrinks.Studies

havelinkedrisingtemperaturesonEarth*ssurfacetoclimatechange.

Thelakeisshrinking,soarethechancesofhischildrenbecomingfishermen."Ifthingsgoon

likethis,Idon*tthinkourchildrencanbecomefishermenlikeus.Theywillhavetochooseother

jobs,"the56-year-oldTraoresaid."Duringtherainyseason,thereisalotofwaterbutassoonas

it*sover,thereisnowaterleftinthelake.Wearefishermen.Idon*tthinkourchildrenwillbe,”

hesaid.

LakeWegniaisintheSahelregionofKoulikoro,around120kilometersnorthofMalfs

capital,Bamako.Some12,000people,includingfishermenandfarmers,dependonitforfood,

waterandemployment.Butthelakehasshrunkby20percentsince2017.

TheUNexpectstemperaturestheretoincrease1.5timeshigherthantheaverageincrease

worldwide.UNofficialsnotethatthefloodingandaseverelackofrainfallcancauseproblems

intheSahel.Foodinsecurity,thefightoverfarmlandandthefastpopulationgrowthcanleadto

conflict.

AidgroupisleadingtheEco-LacWegniaproject.Thegroupisworkingtoimprovewater

managementandfighttheeffectsofglobalwarming.MoussaSavagodoisEco-LacWegnia's

localrepresentative.Hesaysthatfailingtomakechangesquicklycanmeanthelakewill

disappearcompletelyinlessthan5years.

PeopleintheruralareasWegniaandKononi-Sirakorohaveplanted56,000treesinthepast

twoyears.Andtheyarebettercontrollingtheirwaterbybuildingstonebarrierstohelpthesoil

keeptherainthatdoesfalLTheprogressandinternationalofficialsupportarenotenoughfbr

than,however.Moreandmorepeopleareturningtootheragriculture.

8.HowdidTraoreusetosupporthisfamily?

A.Byfishing.

B.Byraisingfarmanimals.

C.Bytakingchargeofthelake.

D.Byworkingasanenvironmentalist.

9.WhateffectwillthecurrenttrendofthelakehaveaccordingtoTraore?

A.Alotoffarmlandwillform.

B.Therainyseasonwillendearly.

C.Manyfishermenwillfleetheirhomes.

D.Thelatergenerationwillchangetheircareers.

10.WhichstatonentdotheUNandAidgroupagreewith?

A.Theriseintemperaturewillcausewaterresourceproblems.

B.Reducingpopulationisawaytoprotectthelake.

C.Watermanagementmakesnodifferencetothelake.

D.Droughtandfloodwilldirectlycauseconflict.

11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"they"inthelastparagraphreferto?

A.TheAidgroupmembers.B.Therepresentatives.

C.Thelocalofficials.D.Thevillagers.

D

MeninBritainfearsocialshameoforderingvegetabledishes.Therehasbeena

red-wine-and-beefcultureforalongtime,inwhichmenareexpectedtochoosethefoodthatis

therichest,thefullestandthebiggest.Thismaystartfromatimewhenmeatwasformost

peoplemoreofanoccasionalfeastchoicethandailyfood,makingitaneconomicstatusmarker

aswellasoneofstrength.Morerecently,thishasmixedwiththegrowingcultureofmale

physicalperfection,withmenspendingmoretimeinthegymtogetthatInstagram-perfectlook,

helpedalongbyeatinglotsofprotein.

Meat-eatersareincreasinglyawareoftheecologicalandhealthproblemscausedbytheir

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consumption.However,thisisn'tenoughtomakethemgiveupeatingmeat,butifenough

peoplepackeditin,whichmeansifeatingmeatbecametheexception,theneventhemost

enthusiasticmeat-eatermightchangetheirhabits.

Traditionalideasarepoisoningoursociety.Whatshouldmendothen,iftheywanttoreduce

theirmeat-eatingwithoutconstantquestioningoftheirchoices?Oneanswermaybetomakea

cleanbreak.Itishardjusttodolessofsomething,becauseeachtimeyouneedtoorderyouhave

tomaketheefforttodecideagain.Workingouthowbesttoavoidtheunwantedadviceofyour

fellowdiners,aswellaswrestlingwithyourinsideconflicts.Decidingonceandforalltogive

upmeatisasingledecisionwhichthendoesn'tcomeupfordiscussionasoftenasitbecomesan

acceptedfactoflife.Ifavegetabledietcanpowerthetoughestmen,itshouldsurelybeenough

formaleseverywhere.

12.Whydoestheauthormentionmenspendingmoretimeinthegym?

A.Toexplainwhymenloveeatingmeat.

B.Toadvocatethepracticeofworkingout.

C.TointroducethepopularInstagramapp.

D.Tostresstheimportanceofphysicalappearance.

13.Whatmightcausementogiveupeatingmeataccordingtoparagraph2?

A.People'sunpleasantexperiencesofeatingmeat.

B.Publicawarenessofhealthrisksofeatingmeat.

C.Men'slossofenthusiasmaboutthenutritionofmeat.

D.Enoughpeople'sabandonmentofmeat-eatinghabits.

14.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.TraditionalideasarepoisoningBritishsociety

B.Meat-eatersareincreasinglyawareofthehealthproblem

C.Britishmenareincreasinglycaringaboutphysicalperfection

D.Britishmenfearsocialshameoforderingvegetabledishes

15.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?

A.Ahealthmagazine.B.Abiologyresearch.

C.Aneducationalpaper.D.Amedicalreport.

二、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共10.0分）

Aspeoplegrowolder,theirrolesandresponsibilitiesalsogrow.Leavingtheadolescentyears

behindgetsapersononajourneyofself-discoveryandindependence.Theteenageyearsarea

timeforlearningandrecognizingsomeresponsibilities.(1).Thoughteenagersdo

nothavethesameresponsibilitiesasadults,theydohavesomeveryimportantones.

(2).Oneoftheresponsibilitiesistoprovideloveandsupporttotheirparents.

Lovingandrespectingtheirparents1decisionswillmakethefamilyfunctionbetter.Giving

emotionalsupporttootherfamilymembersisanotherresponsibilityofateenager.(3)

.Also,ateenager'sresponsibilitiesincludedoinghousework.Asamemberofthe

family,ateenagershoulddotheirpartinhousekeepingsincetheyliveinthehousetoo.Not

onlydoyoungpeoplehavetheseresponsibilities,buttheyarealsoresponsibletotheir

communities.

Inordertobecomeanimportantpartofsociety,teenagerslearntobegoodcitizens.(4).

Bylearningabouttheworldandthegovernment,teenagerswillbebetterpreparedtostepup

andbethenextgenerationofgovernmentofficials.Teenagersshouldalsoparticipatein

communityactivities.Projectstohelpbetterandcleantheworldshouldbeamajorgoala

teenagershouldtrytoachieve.Communityactivitieswillalsoteachteenagersmoralprinciples

thatwillhelpduringadulthood.Teenagersmustalsostartdecidingandtakingastandonsocial

problems.(5).Teensneedtopreparethemselvestotaketheirplacesinsociety.

Therefore,theyneedtoworkonbecomingstrongadults.

Anyway,themostimportantresponsibilityateenagerhasistheonetohimself.

A.Teenagersplayafundamentalroleinthefamily.

B.Eachteenagershouldhaveaveryclearlifegoal

C.Thenteenagerscangrowintoresponsibleadults.

D.Inordertodothis,onemustlearnaboutthegovernment.

E.Parentsneedtoencourageasenseofachievementintheirkids.

F.Thishelpspreparethemfortoughdecisionstheymayfaceasadults.

G.Ilcaninlluencememberstostruggleforthebestandhelpthembecomebetterpeople.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

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19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空（本大題共20小題，共30?0分)

Inmystartingdaysofreal-lifepractice,!tookupajobinadirectsalesfirmasadoor-to-door

marketer.1(1)thisjobandthegoodpaypushedmetobecomethebestatthe

door-to-doorsales.ThemottogiventousbyourCEO,MrJonessounds(2)-meet

200peopleandthenyoullachieve10sales.Butit'snotthatsimpletodo.I(3)this

everyday.Mostofthedays,Ijustcouldn*tmeet200peopleandthe(4)leftshortof

mytarget.ButwheneverIdidmeet200people,Icouldachievethetarget.SoIrealizedthe

mottowastruly(5)words.

Thereweresomanypeoplewhoslammed(砰地關(guān)上)their(6)inmyface.The

kidsansweredthedoor,shouting"Mom,another(7)ishere".Somescaredmewith

theirdogs.Someeven(8)tocallthepolice.Somecalledmeathief.(9),

therewereaminorityofpeoplewhogavemethestrengthto(10)hourafterhour,day

afterday.

Iremembersucha(11)：OneSundayattherailwaystationI(12)to

sellsomethingtotwopositivecustomers.OneofthemevenwenttoATMtoget(13)

formeduringthebigrain.WhenIaskedhimnotto(14),hisreplymademeeven

stronger.HesaidthatwhenIcouldsellinthebigrainthenhecould(15)intherain

togetthemoneytohelpme.

Theseexperiencesinmylifemademeastrongerpersonandmademe(16)thatno

matterwhathappensinlife,Icannevergiveup(17).Andthat'showIhavebeenable

toachievealittlesuccessfrombeing(18)tobeingsomewhere.TmtheCEOofmy

ownmarketingcompanynow.

ThelessonIlearntfromdoor-to-doorsalesisthatgooddoorsare(19)there,andwe

haveto(20)severalbadonesbeforereachingthegoodone.Keepgoingandyou'll

reachyourtarget.

21.A.lostB.offeredC.likedD.refused

22.A.easyB.ridiculousC.complexD.confusing

23.A.wroteB.playedC.thoughtD.practiced

24.A.salaryB.resultC.goodsD.partners

25.A.warningB.comfortingC.magicalD.meaningless

26.A.booksB.doorsC.phonesD.windows

27.A.neighborB.strangerC.salesmanD.beggar

28.A.threatenedB.forgotC.expectedD.determined

29.A.BesidesB.OtherwiseC.ThereforeD.However

30.A.goawayB.stayupC.carryonD.pullout

31.A.reportB.novelC.movieD.situation

32.A.preferredB.managedC.failedD.wished

33.A.cashB.foodC.drinksD.tickets

34.A.stopB.returnC.troubleD.complain

35.A.sellB.walkC.talkD.stand

36.A.realizeB.imagineC.doubtD.dream

37.A.exercisingB.shoppingC.learningD.trying

38.A.everywhereB.anywhereC.somewhereD.nowhere

39.A.neverB.alwaysC.seldomD.sometimes

40.A.openB.repairC.breakD.avoid

四、語(yǔ)法填空(本大題共1小題，共15.0分)

41.Afterdeclininginthe1970s,pandanumbersaregraduallyontheriseagain.Thepanda

wasoncewidespreadthroughoutsoutheasternChina.However,decreasinghabitats,(1)

(nature)disasterssuchastheearthquakesinSichuan,and(2)species*

unwillingnesstobreedseetheblack-and-whitebearbecomeanobjectofprotection.

Thanks(3)agrowingnetworkofreservesandcommunityprotectionactions,

pandasarenolonger(4)(endanger),butthebiggesthopefortheirlong-term

(5)(survive)istheGiantPandaNationalParkwhichwillbeopeninthe

comingmonths.(6)(cover)around10,500squaremiles,theparkwillform

awildlifeconidorincentralSichuanProvince.AttheedgeoftheTibetanPlateau,

Sichuan(7)(attract)alargenumberoftravelersovertheyears.Infact,it's

hometomorethan80%oftheworld'swildpandas.

Theparkisadaringstep(8)isaimedatpreservingthecountry'suniquewonders

andencouragingmorewildlifetourism.(9)(actual),supportingratherthan

transportinglocalcommunitieshasbeenachallengefortheUSduringtheformationofits

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nationalparkssystem,anditremains（10）（see）ifChinawillbeabletostrike

asustainablebalance.Butforthepandasatleast,itannouncesapromisingadvancefor

protectioninaregion.

五、短文改錯(cuò)（本大題共1小題，共10.0分）

42.假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文

中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪

除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（A）,并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。

修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。

AnincreasingnumberofEnglish-educatedChineseparentsoverseashascometorealize

theimportantofChineselearning.Intheiropinion,whileEnglishisnecessarytoour

children,itisessentialthattheirkidshavegoodcommandofChinese.China'srisehas

madethemawarehowthattheirkidscanbenefitoftheirbilingualism（雙語(yǔ)能力）which

enhancestheircompetitivenessinthejobmarket.Previously,theyproudlydeclarethat

theyknewEnglishonly.Now,theyhavebeguntogivesupporttotheirkidtolearn

Chineseanditsculture.

Beside,theyalsomakeoccasionalvisitstoChina,inthattheycanbeexposedtoitsrich

culture.

六、書面表達(dá)（本大題共1小題，共25.0分）

43.假定你是李華，你的好友Jack聽聞你校即將舉辦70周年校慶（anniversary）,他

對(duì)此很感興趣。請(qǐng)給他回信，告訴他活動(dòng)的相關(guān)事宜，內(nèi)容包括：

1.活動(dòng)時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)；

2.活動(dòng)內(nèi)容（精彩的文藝表演等）；

3.歡迎屆時(shí)來觀看演出。

注意：

1.詞數(shù)100左右；

2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

答案和解析

1.【答案】

【小題1】A【小題2】B【小題3】C

【解析】(1)A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞"poetry”定位到SecondHarvest,結(jié)合本段中”Like

thefirstinstallment,EclecticHarvest,thisbookincludesrhymedpoemswhichem-ploy

differentpoetictechniques.”和第一部《收獲折衷主義》?樣，這本書收錄了押韻的詩(shī)歌，

運(yùn)用了不同的詩(shī)歌技巧。所以SecondHarvest這本書最能吸引詩(shī)歌愛好者。故選A.

(2)B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。結(jié)合關(guān)鍵詞"PrabhashKaran"，根據(jù)"OfHumanNatureandGood

Habits'*,結(jié)合Researchclaimsthatmaintainingonly5goodhabits-eatinghealthily,exercising,

drinkingproperly,notsmokingandmaintainingahealthybodyweight-cannotonlykeepthe

lifeingoldenyearshealthybutalsoextendthelifetimeoftheoldmenandwomenby12years

and14yearsrespectively.研究表明，只保持健康飲食、鍛煉、適量飲酒、不吸煙、保持

健康體重等5個(gè)良好習(xí)慣，不僅可以使老年人的晚年生活保持健康。而且可以使老年人

的壽命分別延長(zhǎng)12年和14年。可知，保持五個(gè)良好的習(xí)慣(健康飲食、運(yùn)動(dòng)、適量飲

酒、不吸煙、保持健康體重。)可以讓男性老人和女性老人的預(yù)期壽命分別延長(zhǎng)12年

和14年。故選B.

(3)C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。結(jié)合關(guān)鍵詞"MarvltandGoregGetinBigTroublewithaDinosaur”，

結(jié)合文章最后一個(gè)黑體字部分。根據(jù)"MarvltandGoreglivenextdoortoeachother,andare

bestfriends.Thesetwonaughty8-year-oldsseemtogetintoallsortsoftroubles.Atthezoo,

theyhaveamuchdifferentencounternMarvlt和Goreg是鄰居，他們是最好的朋友。這兩

個(gè)淘氣的八歲小孩，好像惹了很多麻煩。在動(dòng)物園里，他們有著截然不同的遭遇可知，

這本書講述了關(guān)于動(dòng)物和孩子的故事。故選C.

這是一篇應(yīng)用文。短文向讀者推薦了四本書。

考查廣告布告類閱讀理解。做題時(shí)要通讀全文，把握大意，然后結(jié)合題干及選項(xiàng)做出正

確的選擇。

4.【答案】

【小題1】C【小題2】B【小題3】C【小題4】A

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【解析】（1）C.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的第一句Itallstartedin1998.”這開始于1998

年。接下來第二段講述了Mahendra散步時(shí)遇到了一條受傷的狗，然后就全身心地照顧

他，直到小狗死亡。再結(jié)合第三段"Afterthat,Mahendrastartedprovidingtreatmenttoall

woundedandsickdogshecameacross.”在那之后,Mahendra開始為他遇至ij的所有受傷的

和生病的狗提供治療，綜合可知，一只虛弱、生病的流浪狗的死亡讓他決定為殘疾和生

病的狗做些什么。故選C.

（2）B.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的Finally,RameshBhaiPatel,anativefarmerfroma

villagenamedJundal,agreedtogivehislandfornothing.（最后一個(gè)名叫RameshBhaiPatel,

來自Jundal的農(nóng)民同意將自己的土地?zé)o償讓給他。）可知當(dāng)Mahendra試圖建造庇護(hù)所

時(shí)，他從當(dāng)?shù)匾晃晦r(nóng)民那里免費(fèi)得到一塊地。故選B.

（3）C.詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)最后一段劃線詞后的butMahendraisdeterminedthatnomatter

whatchallengecomestheirway,they'11fightthrough.（但是Mahendra決心無論他們面臨

什么樣的挑戰(zhàn)，他們都將戰(zhàn)勝它。）以及再結(jié)合劃線單詞所在句子Therehavebeensome

financialcrunchesnowandthen（時(shí)不時(shí)出現(xiàn)一些金融危機(jī)）結(jié)合兩句的意思以及兩句之

間的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，可知行nancialcrunches意思應(yīng)該是“經(jīng)濟(jì)方面的困境，危機(jī)”，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，

可知crunches是“危機(jī)”的意思，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)A.Services服務(wù)；B.Advantages優(yōu)勢(shì)；C.Crisis

危機(jī)；D.Details細(xì)節(jié)，故選C

（4）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)Mahendra救助一只虛弱、生病的流浪狗，并努力建立殘犬、

病犬收容所的故事可知，他是一個(gè)善良的人。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)A.Kind-hearted好心的；

B.Humorous幽默的；C.Open-minded思維開闊的；D.Modest謙虛的，由此可知答案選

A.

本文是一篇人物故事類記敘文，講述了Mahendra成立印度第一個(gè)殘犬、病犬收容所的

過程和收容所的現(xiàn)狀。

考查人物故事類閱讀理解。做題時(shí)要通讀全文，把握大意，然后結(jié)合題干及選項(xiàng)做出正

確的選擇。

8.【答案】

【小題1】A【小題2】D【小題3】A【小題4】D

【解析】(1)A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"Thelake'sfishhaveprovidedhimwithaway

toearnmoneytosupporthisextendedfamily.How-ever,becausehecan'tcatchenoughfishto

feedhisfamily,henowraisesfarmanimals."(湖中的魚為他提供了賺錢養(yǎng)家的途徑。然而，

由于他捕不到足夠的魚來養(yǎng)活家人，他現(xiàn)在飼養(yǎng)農(nóng)場(chǎng)動(dòng)物。）可知，在過去，Traore靠

捕魚養(yǎng)家。故選A.

（2）D.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中"*Ifthingsgoonlikethis,Idon'tthinkourchildren

canbecomefishermenlikeus.Theywillhavetochooseotherjobs,'he56-year-oldTraore

said."（”如果這樣下去，我想我們的孩子可能成為不了我們這樣的漁民了。他們將不得

不選擇其他工作，"56歲的特拉奧雷說。）可知，下一代人將會(huì)選擇其他的職業(yè)。故選

D.

（3）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段"UNofficialsnotethatthefloodingandaseverelackof

rainfallcancauseproblemsintheSahel：Foodinsecurity,thefightoverfarmlandandthefast

populationgrowthcanleadtoconflict."（聯(lián)合國(guó)官員指出，洪水和嚴(yán)重缺雨會(huì)給薩赫勒地

區(qū)帶來問題：糧食不安全、農(nóng)田爭(zhēng)奪和人口快速增長(zhǎng)都可能導(dǎo)致沖突。）可知，可知溫

度上升會(huì)導(dǎo)致水資源的問題。故選A.

（4）D.代詞指代題。根據(jù)上文"PeopleintheruralareasWegniaandKononi-Sirakorohave

planted56,000treesinthepasttwoyears."（在Wegnia和Kononi-Sirakoro農(nóng)村地區(qū)的人

們?cè)谶^去兩年里種植了56000棵樹。）以及下文"Moreandmorepeopleareturningtoother

agriculture."（越來越多的人轉(zhuǎn)向其他農(nóng)業(yè)。）可知這里指的是這些村民通過建造石頭屏

障來使土壤保持雨水，從而更好地控制水分。所以they指的是村民。故選D.

本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了馬里不斷縮小的湖泊意味著漁民家庭的末日?隨著氣溫

升高和蒸發(fā)的增加，水體萎縮導(dǎo)致湖泊逐漸縮小，漁民的孩子成為漁民的機(jī)會(huì)也在減少。

做這類題材閱讀理解時(shí)要求考生對(duì)文章通讀一遍，做題時(shí)結(jié)合原文和題目有針對(duì)性的找

出相關(guān)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行仔細(xì)分析，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)選出正確答案。在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分

析才能得出正確答案，切忌胡亂猜測(cè)，一定要做到有理有據(jù)。

12.【答案】

【小題1】A【小題2】D【小題3】D【小題4】A

【解析】（1）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"Morerecently,thishasmixedwiththegrowing

cultureofmalephysicalperfection,withmenspendingmoretimeinthegymtogetthat

Instagram-perfectlook,helpedalongbyeatinglotsofprotein.（最近，這與日益增長(zhǎng)的男性

完美身材文化交織在一起，男性會(huì)花更多時(shí)間在健身房，以獲得Instagram上完美的外

表，同時(shí)吃大量蛋白質(zhì)也有助于這一點(diǎn)。）”可推知，作者提到男人花更多的時(shí)間在健

身房來解釋為什么男人喜歡吃肉。故選A.

第12頁(yè)，共21頁(yè)

(2)D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段"However,thisisn'tenoughtomakethemgiveupeating

meat,butifenoughpeoplepackeditin,whichmeansifeatingmeatbecametheexception,then

eventhemostenthusiasticmeat-eatermightchangetheirhabits.（然而，這并不足以讓他們

放棄吃肉，但如果有足夠多的人放棄吃肉，這意味著如果吃肉成為例外，那么即使是最

狂熱的肉食者也可能改變他們的習(xí)慣。）”可知，足夠多的人放棄吃肉的習(xí)慣可能會(huì)導(dǎo)

致男性放棄吃肉。故選D.

（3）D.主旨大意題。閱讀文章，并根據(jù)第一段第一句"MeninBritainfearsocialshameof

orderingvegetabledishes.（英國(guó)男人害怕點(diǎn)蔬菜會(huì)讓自己蒙羞。）"和最后一段"Deciding

onceandfor

alltogiveupmeatisasingledecisionwhichthendoesn'tcomeupfordiscussionasoften,asit

becomesanacceptedfactoflife.Ifavegetabledietcanpowerthetoughestmen,itshould

surelybe

enoughformaleseverywhere.（徹底決定放棄肉類是一個(gè)單一的決定，它不會(huì)經(jīng)常被討

論，因?yàn)樗呀?jīng)成為生活中被接受的事實(shí)。如果蔬菜飲食能給最強(qiáng)壯的男人帶來力量，

那么對(duì)世界各地的男性來說也應(yīng)該足夠了。）"可知，本文主要講述了英國(guó)男人為何難

以放棄吃肉習(xí)慣的原因，因?yàn)橛?guó)男人害怕點(diǎn)蔬菜會(huì)讓自己蒙羞；結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，選項(xiàng)

D.Britishmenfearsocialshameoforderingvegetabledishes.（英國(guó)男人害怕點(diǎn)蔬菜會(huì)在

社交上丟臉）切題。故選D.

（4）A.推理判斷題。閱讀文章，并根據(jù)第二段"Meat-eatersareincreasinglyawareofthe

ecologicalandhealthproblemscausedbytheirconsumption.（肉食者越來越意識(shí)到他們的

消費(fèi)所造成的生態(tài)和健康問題。）”可知，本文主要講述英國(guó)男性為何喜歡吃肉的原因，

以及英國(guó)男人害怕點(diǎn)蔬菜會(huì)在社交上丟臉。由此可推知，本文最可能出現(xiàn)在健康雜志上。

"Ahealthmagazine健康雜志"符合題意，故選A.

這是一篇說明文。本文主要講述了英國(guó)男人為何難以放棄吃肉習(xí)慣的原因，英國(guó)男人害

怕點(diǎn)蔬菜會(huì)讓自己蒙羞。

閱讀理解題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯

關(guān)系，對(duì)未說明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對(duì)文章

未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋。考生首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作

者觀點(diǎn)。

16.【答案】

【小題1】C【小題2】A【小題3】G【小題4】F【小題5】D

【解析】（1）c.推理判斷題。根據(jù)前句

Theleenageyearsareatimeforlearningandrecognizingsomeresponsibilities表示"青少年

時(shí)期是學(xué)習(xí)和認(rèn)識(shí)一些責(zé)任的時(shí)期”；以及后句

Thoughteenagersdonothavethesameresponsibilitiesasadults,theydohavesomeveryimp

ortantones表示"盡管青少年沒有成年人一樣的責(zé)任，但他們確實(shí)有一些非常重要的責(zé)任

”,可知表示“然后青少年可以成長(zhǎng)為負(fù)責(zé)任的成年人”的選項(xiàng)C符合前后提出青少年責(zé)

任感話題的語(yǔ)境，故選C.

（2）A.主旨判斷題.根據(jù)后句

Oneoftheresponsibilitiesistoprovideloveandsupporttotheirparents-"Also,ateenager'sr

esponsibilitiesincludedoinghousework表示"其中一項(xiàng)責(zé)任就是為父母提供愛和支持…另

外，青少年的責(zé)任包括做家務(wù)"，可知表示”青少年在家庭中扮演著重要的角色”的選項(xiàng)A

符合本段的主題，theirparents,housework和family是關(guān)聯(lián)詞，故選A.

（3）G.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)前句

Givingemotionalsupporttootherfamilymembersisanotherresponsibilityofateenager表

示”給予其他家庭成員情感上的支持是青少年的另一項(xiàng)責(zé)任”，可知表示"它可以影響成

員為最好的而奮斗，幫助他們成為更好的人”的選項(xiàng)G符合前后的語(yǔ)境，it代指

Givingemotionalsupporttootherfamilymembers,故選G.

（4）F.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)前句

Inordertobecomeanimportantpartofsociety,teenagerslearntobegoodcitizens表示"為了

成為社會(huì)的重要組成部分，青少年要學(xué)會(huì)做一個(gè)好公民"，可知表示"這有助于他們?yōu)槌?/p>

年后可能面臨的艱難決定做好準(zhǔn)備”的選項(xiàng)F符合前后的語(yǔ)境，ci