Unit4HistoryandTraditions

（ListeningandSpeaking）Apeoplewithouttheknowledgeoftheirpasthistory,originandcultureislikeatreewithoutroots.

—MarcusGarvey一個不了解自己歷史，起源和文化的民族，就如同一棵無根之樹。BigBenWestminsterBridgeTheThamesHowmuchdoyouknowaboutConfucius?Confucius(551B.C-479B.C.),

as

thefounderofConfucianism,histhoughthasexerted(發(fā)揮)adeepinfluenceonChina

anditspeople.ButConfuciuswasnothisrealname.Itwasacourtesytitle(尊稱),a

Latinizedformof"KongFuzi",meaning"MasterKong".Hisfamilynamewas

Kongandhisgivenname,Qiu.AndhestyledhimselfZhongni.Hewasbornat

Zouyi,theStateofLu.HeisoneofthegreatestthinkersandeducatorsinChina.1.Learningwithoutreflectingleadstoconfusion.2.Reviewtheoldandlearnthenew.3.Donotdotootherswhatyoudonotwantotherstodotoyou.4.Teachstudentsinaccordanceoftheiraptitude.5.WhenIwalkalongwithtwoothers,theymayservemeasmyteacher.6.Tolearnandatduetimetorepeatwhatonehaslearnt,isn’tthatafterallapleasure?FamoussayingsfromConfucius:學而不思則罔。溫故而知新。己所不欲勿施于人。因材施教。三人行，必有我?guī)?。學而時習之，不亦樂乎?TempleofConfuciusKongFamilyMansionItisthemostfamousandlargesttemplehonoringConfucius.PeoplegotothetempletopayrespecttoConfucius.LocatedtotheeastoftheTempleofConfucius,thiswasthehistoricalhomeofthedescendantsofConfucius.CemeteryofConfuciusDachenghallThisiswhereConfuciusandhisdescendantsareburied.

NootherbuildinginthecitycanbetallerthanDachenghall.n.墳地；墓地1.What’sWilliamlookingfor?A.ConfuciusTemple.B.KongFamilyMansion.C.CemeteryofConfucius.2.HowmanydescedantsdoesConfuciushave?A.3,000.B.3,000,000.C.1,300,000.3.What’sXiaoKong’sresearchprojectabout?A.Confucius’ideasabouteducation.B.Confucius’ideasaboutphilosophy.C.Confucius’ideasaboutpolitics.ABAListenandchoosethebestanswers.Fact/OpinionaboutConfuciusWilliam1.Confuciusisoneofhisfavourite

philosophers.2.3.XiaoKong1.2.3.Hewasa

man.Helivedover

yearsago.Confuciushasover

.Hewasagreat

andhadmanyideasabout

.Hewasoneof

inhistory.wise2,5003milliondescendantseducatoreducationthegreatestmindsListenandwritedownwhattheysayaboutConfucius.1.Confuciussaidthatlearningwithoutunderstandingleadstoconfusion.2.XiaoKongisdoingaresearchprojectonConfuciusphilosophy.3.AsoneofConfucius’descendants,XiaoKong’snameisrecordedinthefamilytree.4.DachengHallisthetallestbuildinginQufu.FFNMTListenagainanddecidewhetherthesestatementsaretrue(T),false(F)ornotmentioned(NM).Thenanswerthequestion.WhydoyouthinkWilliamsaidhishometownwassimilartoQufu?A.Therearefamoushallsinhishometown.B.Therearenotallbuildingsinhishometown.C.Bothplaceshaveafamouspersonwhowasbornthere.D.Hishometowndoesn’tallowotherbuildingstobemorenoticeablethanthehistoricbuildings.DWritedowntheEnglishidiomsthatareusedintheconversation.ExplaintheirmeaningsandthinkaboutsomeChineseequivalents.Anidiomisanexpressionwhichmeanssomethingdifferentfromthemeaningoftheindividualwords.Someidiomspresentanideaorpaintapicturethatgivesahintastothemeaning.Otheridiomscanonlybeunderstoodfromthecontextinwhichtheyappear.breaktheicecostanarmandalegraincatsanddogsDon’tcryoverspiltmilkbreakalegWhenpigsfly打破僵局花了一大筆錢傾盆大雨覆水難收祝你好運母豬上樹EnglishidiomMeaningChineseequivalentAchilles’heelpullone’slegfishoutofwatersomethingthatissomeone’sweaknesstojokewithsomeoneSomethingwhofeelsuncomfortablebecausetheyareinanunfamiliarplace弱點；要害戲弄如芒在背ExplaintheirmeaningsandthinkaboutsomeChineseequivalents.Listeningandspeaking

William:

Excuseme,doyouspeakEnglish?I'mlookingfortheConfuciusTemple,butI'mnotgoodatmaps—they'remyAchilles'heel!XiaoKong:Oh，hello，yes.Comewithme—I'mgoingtothetemplerightnow.

Bytheway，whatdoes“Achilles'heelmean?William:

Oh,itmeansthatsomethingismyweakness.

I'mreallybadwithmaps!SodoyouknowmuchaboutConfucius?He'soneofmyfavouritephilosophers.Hewassuchawiseman.XiaoKong:Oh,yes.Iwasbornhere.Infact,IbelieveIamadescendantofConfuciushimself.William:Noway,you'repullingmyleg,right?Sohowdoyouknowyou'rerelatedtoConfucius?Didn'theliveover2.500yearsago?XiaoKong:

Yes,buthisfamilytreeiswellrecorded.Hehasoverthreemilliondescendants.Sorryagain,whatdoes"pullingmyleg"mean?

弱點

William:

Oh,sorry,itmeanstojokewithsomeone,Anyway,soyou'reactuallygoingtothetempletopayrespectstoyourrelative?XiaoKong:Well,yes.ButI'malsomeetingmystudygroupthere.WearedoingaresearchprojectonConfucius'ideasoneducation.

Youknow,Confuciuswasagreateducator,andhehadmanygreatideasabouteducation.Forexample,hetalkedabouttherelationshipbetweenlearningandreflecting.Hebelievedthatlearningwithoutreflectingleadstoconfusion.Oh,look,thetempleisjustoverthere.William:

Oh,great!What'sthatbigbuildingoverthere?XiaoKong:Oh,that'sthefamousDachengHall.Youknow,it'ssowell-respectedinQufuthatnootherbuildinginthecitycanbetallerthanit戲弄William:Wow,nowthat'srespectThat'salittlebitlikemyhometown-Stratford-upon-Avon.XiaoKong:ait,youmeanwhereShakespearewasfrom?Whatcoincidence—ConfuciusandShakespeare,twoofthegreatestmindsinhistory!IreallywanttovisittheUK—I'mreallyinterestedinBritishhistoryandculture.William:Oh,that'sgreat!Solaterwecangoforacupofteaandhaveachataboutit.Anditwouldbegreatifyoucouldtakemesomewheretogetmywatchfixed.XiaoK