專插本英語歷年真題與答案98~131998年廣東省普通高等學(xué)校本科插班生考試

英語試題

PartIReadingComprehension(40%)

PassageI

Thecomputerisawonderfulmachine.Itisthemostimportantinventionsincethetypeofengineusedincars.Todayithasthegreatesteffectonscience,industry,andbusiness,butitisbeingusedmoreineducationandmedicine.Bytheendofthiscenturyitwilltouchthelivesofeveryone,evenpeopleindistantvillages.Itisarevolutionaryinvention.

TheoldestkindofcomputeristheabacususedinChinasincethesixthcentury.Intheseventeenthcenturyanaddingmachinewasinvented,butthefurstlarge,moderncomputerwasbuiltin1937.Afewyearslateracomputercoulddo5000additionspersecond.Nowthecomputationsaresofastthattheyaremeasuredinnanoseconds(毫微秒).

Todaymostcomputershaveamemory.Theyaregettingsmallerandsmaller,andcomputingfasterandfaster.Eveninalargecomputer,thepartthatdoestheactualcomputingisaboutthesizeoftheendofafinger.

Computerscandoallkindsofwork.Whensomeonebuyssomethinginadepartmentstore,informationaboutthesalegoesintoacomputer,Ascientistcantalktothecomputerabouttherocks,andthecomputeranswersthequestions.Adoctorcantalktothecomputerandexplainwhatiswrongwithapatient.Ifthedoctoraskswhy,thecomputergoesthroughitsstoredinformationandexplainsexactlywhy.

Whenearlyhumansbeganfarming,itwasarevolutionarychangeinhumanlife.Itwashundredsofthousandsofyearslaterthatpeopledevelopedawritingsystem(方法).Inlessthanfiftyyearspeoplehavedevelopedcomputersthatcandomostofthethingshumanscando.Thiscouldbeafrighteningdevelopment.

1.Thecomputerisconsideredawonderfulmachinebecause_____.

A.ithaseffectonallaspectsofman’slife

B.itiswidelyusedineducationandmedicine

C.ithasthefunctionofanengine

D.itisusefulevenindistantvillages

2.TheabacushasbeenusedinChinafor_____.

A.some5,000years

B.about600years

C.nearly1,000years

D.over1,300years

3.Themostimportantfeatureofacomputeristhat_____.

A.ithasamemory

B.itissmallinsize

C.itcomputesfast

D.itanswersallkindsofquestions

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4.Thecomputationsofthecomputerareusuallymeasuredin_____.

A.seconds

B.minutes

C.hours

D.nanoseconds

5.Thecomputerwillsoonaffect_____.

A.peopleinlargecities

B.peopleindevelopedcountries

C.peopleallovertheworld

D.peopleintheWesternworld

Passage2

Inthetraditionalmarriage,themanworkedatajobtoearnmoneyforthefamily.Mostmenworkedinanoffice,afactory,orsomeotherplaceawayfromthehome.Sincethemanearnedthemoney,hepaidthebills.Themoneywasusedforfood,clothes,ahouse,andotherfamilyneeds.Themanmademostofthedecisions.Hewastheboss.

Inthetraditionalmarriage,thewomanseldomworkedawayfromthehouse.Shestayedathometocareforthechildrenandherhusband.Shecookedthemeals,cleanedhouse,washedtheclothes,anddidotherhouseholdwork.Herjobathomewaseveryimportant.

Inrecentyears,manycouplescontinuetohaveatraditionalrelationshipofthiskind.Themanhasajobandearnsthemoneyforthefamily.Thewomanstaysathomeandcaresforthechildrenandthehouse.ManyAmericansarehappywiththiskindofmarriage.ButsomeotherAmericanshaveadifferentimpressionofmarriageandfamilyresponsibilities.

Therearetwoimportantdifferencesinmaleandfemalerolesnow.Oneisthatbothmenandwomenhavemanymorechoices.Theymaychoosetomarryortostaysingle.Theymaychoosetoworkorstayathome.Bothmenandwomenmaychooserolesthatarecomfortableforthem.

Aseconddifferenceinmaleandfemalerolesisthatwithinmarriagemanydecisionsandresponsibilitiesareshared.Thehusbandandwifemaychoosetohavechildren,ortheymaynot.Iftheyhavechildren,themanmaytakecareofthemsomeofthetime,allofthetime,ornotatall.Thewomanmaywanttostayathomeandtakecareofthechildren.Orshemaywanttogotowork.MenandWomennowdecidethesethingstogetherinamarriage.Manymarriedpeoplenowsharethesedecisionsandtheresponsibilitiesoftheirfamilies.

6.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueinthetraditionalmarriage?

A.Menworkedatajobtoearnmoneyforfamily.

B.Thewomanmademostofdecisions.

C.Thewomanstayedathometocareforthechildren.

D.Themanpaidthebills.

7.Inrecentyears_____.

A.youngcouplesrejectthetraditionalrelationship

B.thewomanhasajobandearnsthemoneyforthefamily

C.thewomandoesn’tstayathomeandcareforthechildrenandthehouse

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D.theroleofmenandwomenhasbeguntochange

8.MenandwomenmaynowchooseallthefollowingEXCEPTto_____.

A.marryortostaysingle

B.workortostayathome

C.havetherolesthatarecomfortableforthem

D.leavetheirjobsjustbecausetheyhavechildren

9.ThefollowingareallnowtrueEXCEPT_____.

A.theymaychoosetohavechildrenornot

B.themanmaytakecareofthechildrensomeofthetime

C.thewomanmaywanttogotowork

D.thewomanisthemostimportantpersoninthehouse

10.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

A.Themanwasthebossinthetraditionalmarriage.

B.Thewoman’sjobathomewasveryimportantinthepast.

C.ManyAmericansstillhaveatraditionalmarriage.

D.Everyonetriestogetmarried.

Passage3

Didyouknowthattheemptyplasticsoftdrinkbottlesyouthrowawayeverydaycanbeturnedintocarpetorautomobilesparts?

Thatusedglassbottlesandaluminumcanscanbeturnedintonewones?

Andthatyesterday’snewspapercanbeturnedintotomorrow’s?

Itallhappensbecauseofrecycling(再利用).Thesimplewastewethrowawayisa“naturalresource”that,withrecycling,canbeusedtoproduceavarietyofnewproducts.

Unfortunately,Americarecyclesonly10%ofitsrubbish,burns10%anddeposits80%inwastedesposalgrounds,Asaresult,itishavingtocopewithaserioussolidwasteproblem.

Everyyear,Americansthrowawayabout160milliontonsofrubbish.Ofthattotal,plasticsmakeuplessthan8%,paperabout36%,andglassandmetalabout20%,allbyweight.Plasticsarenaturallylighter,butstill,whenpressedtogether,accoutforonlyabout20%byvolume.

Asaresult,inthepast10yearstheUnitedStates’wastedisposalgroundshavedecreasedfromabout18,500to6,000.Infiveyears2,000morewillclose.

Intheprocessoffindingsolutions,somepeoplehaveproposedtostopusingplastics.

Unfortunately,stopusingplasticswoulddomuchharmandnogood.Wewouldloseallofthesafety,healthandconveniencefeaturesofplastics.

Besides,packagingwouldstillbeneeded.A1987studyshowswhatwouldhappenifplasticswerenotused--theenergyneededtoproduceotherpackaging,itscost,andthevolumeofwastecollectedwouldallrisegreatly.

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SomeAmericansbelievepartoftheanswertoAmerica’swasteproblemliesinrecyclingeverythingfromglasstometalstopapertoplastic.

Today,recyclingisontherise.Therearenowmorethan1,000wasterecyclingprogramsintheU.S.Manyarebeginningtorecycleplastics.

Rightnow,almost200companiesarerecyclingmillionsofusedplasticcontainersintotoys,trafficsigns,wastebaskets,floormaterials,andparkbenches.

Plasticsareamongtheeasiestmaterialstorecycle.Morethan150millionpoundsor20%ofallplasticsoftdrinkbottleswererecycledin1987.

11.Whatcan’ttheplasticsoftdrinkbottlesbeturnedinto?

A.Newspapers.

B.Automobileparts.

C.Toys.

D.Trafficsigns.

12.OfalltherubbishintheU.S.,plasticsaccountfor_____byweightand_____byvolume.

A.20%;20%

B.8%;20%

C.36%;8%

D.20%;36%

13.Onaverage,wasteplasticsare_____otherwastes.

A.asheavyindensityas

B.heavierindensitythan

C.lighterindensitythan

D.thesamebyweightas

14.In5years,theU.S.willhaveonly_____wastedisposalgrounds.

A.2,000

B.6,000

C.4,000

D.18,500

15.Theauthorofthispassage_____theproposalofstoppingusingplastices.

A.saysnothingabout

B.issympatheticwith

C.agreesto

D.disagreesto

Passage4

Therearetwokindsofmemory:short-termand1592bc12bcd126fff7050b48rmationinlong-termmemorycanberememberedatalatertimewhenitisneeded.Theinformationmaybekeptfordaysorweeks.However,informationinshort-termmemoryiskeptforonlyafewseconds,usuallybyrepeatingtheinformationoverandover.Thefollowingexperimentshowshowshort-termmemoryhasbeenstudied.

HenningstudiedhowstudentswhoarelearningEnglishasasecondlanguageremembervocabulary.Thesubjectsinhisexperimentwere75collegestudents.TheyrepresentedalllevelsofabilityinEnglish:beginning,intermediate,advanced,andnative-speakingstudents.