2004年同等學(xué)力申碩英語(yǔ)全國(guó)統(tǒng)一考試真題PaperOne試卷一(90minutes)PartIListeningComprehension(20minutes,15points)(略)PartIIVocabulary(10minutes,10points)SectionADirections：Inthissectiontherearetensentenceseachwithonewordorphraseunderlined.ChoosetheonefromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandDthatbestkeepsthemeaningofthesentence.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheANSWERSHEETwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.HaguewaselectedastheConservativePartyleaderpartlybecauseofhisambiguousviewsonBritain'spositioninrelationtoitspartnersintheEuropeanUnion.A.ambitiousB.obscureC.appallingD.indifferentHerstoryshowshowgentlestubbornnessandanindifferencetohonorsandfamecanleadtogreatachievements.A.persuasionB.determinationC.devotionD.reservationWehavearespon3sibilitytoensureournation'scontinuedprosperityandthemostsensiblewaytodothisisbyinvestmentinbasicscientificresearch.A.effectiveB.efficientC.significantD.reasonableAllinformationreportedtoorlikewiseobtainedbythecommissionisconsideredconfidential.A.inasimilarwayB.inanotherwayC.inadirectwayD.inanunauthorizedwayIwouldrecommendthisinnhighlyonaccountofitswonderfullocation.A.asaresultofB.becauseofC.withregardtoD.withaviewtoTelevisionadvertisementsdomorethanmerelyreflectdominantideologies.A.exactlyB.faithfullyC.repeatedlyD.simplyThelegislativeprovisionhasagreatimpactontheoperationsofthedepartment.A.lawB.passageC.revisionD.clauseInspiteofaproblemwiththefaultyequipment，someveryusefulworkwasaccomplished.A.imperfectB.temporaryC.emergencyD.reinstalledTalksonclimatechangeresumedintheGermancityofBonnonJuly16tocombatglobalwarming.A.focusonB.settledownC.fightagainstD.sumupBobbelievesthattheinvasionofthemarketplaceintotheuniversityisunderminingfundamentalacademicvalues，andthatwemustactnowtohaltthisdecline.A.laceB.plugC.ceaseD.digestSectionBDirections：Inthissection，therearetenincompletesentences.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA，B，CandD.Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheANSWERSHEETwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.Thelocalpeoplecouldhardlythinkofanygoodwaytopovertytheyhadendured.A.shakeoffB.wardoffC.putoffD.takeoffThethreebranchesofgovernment—thelegislative，theexecutive，andthe—restrainandstabilizeoneanotherthroughtheirseparatedfunctions.A.lawfulB.justC.judicialD.legalFromobservers'estimatesofthebrightnessofthefireball，hethatthebodyinthespacewasbetween40feetand260feetindiameter.A.deducedB.reducedC.inducedD.producedTheyprovideameansofkeepingofthethousandsofjournalpapersthatarepublishedmonthlyorquarterly.A.trackB.contactC.relationD.stepsYoucanusetheCourseCalendartohelpyourstudentsofimportantdatesinthecourse，suchastestdates.A.warnB.remindC.convinceD.depriveAmongpicturebooksfor4-8-year-olds，severaloutstandingworksappearedthatcombinedoriginalstorieswithillustrations.A.imaginableB.imaginativeC.imagingD.imagelessAsurveyofmorethan1000philosophers，teachersandstudentsbytheauthoritativePhilosophers'MagazineplacedCharlesDarwin'sTheOriginofasthethirdmostimportantwork.A.SpermsB.SpeciesC.SpectrumsD.SpecimensAsskiesfillwithmillionsofmigratingbirds，Europeanscientistssaytheseasonalmiracleappearstodependonaseeming：Thefatterthebird，themoreefficientlyitflies.A.interruptionB.descriptionC.qualificationD.contradictionThepartyleaderjustifiedhissubsequentreelectionthathehadbroughtpoliticalstabilityandeconomicdevelopmenttohiscountry.A.inthewayB.bynomeansC.onthegroundsD.totheextentAleadingBritishscholarhasproposedtranslatingShakespeareintocontemporaryEnglishyoungaudienceswhoareconfusedbyjokeswhichare400yearsoutofdate.A.inmemoryofB.atthecostofC.onbehalfofD.forthebenefitofPartIIIReadingComprehension(45minutes,25points)Directions:Therearefivepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbyfivequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA，B，CandD.ChoosethebestanswerandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheANSWERSHEETwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.PassageOneChildrenliveinaworldinwhichsciencehastremendousimportance.Duringtheirlifetimesitwillaffectthemmoreandmore.Intime，manyofthemwillworkatjobsthatdependheavilyonscience.Asvoterstheywillhaveavoiceinmakingmanydecisionsthatinvolvescience—forexample，concerningenergysources，pollutioncontrol，highwaysafety，wildernessconservation，andpopulationgrowth.Astaxpayerstheywillpayforscientificresearchandexploration.And，asconsumers，theywillbebombarded（受到轟擊）byadvertising，muchofwhichissaidtobebasedonscience.Therefore，itisimportantthatchildren，thecitizensofthefuture，becomefunctionallyacquaintedwithscience—withtheprocessandspiritofscienceaswellaswithitsfactsandprinciples.Fortunately，sciencehasanaturalappealforyoungsters.Theycanrelateittosomanythingsthattheyencounter—flashlights，tools，echoes，andrainbows.Besides，scienceisanexcellentmediumforteachingfarmorethancontent.Itcanhelppupilslearntothinklogically，toorganizeandanalyseideas.Itcanprovidepracticeincommunicationskillsandmathematics.Infact，thereisnoareaofthecurriculumtowhichsciencecannotcontribute，whetheritisgeography，history，languagearts，musicorart！Aboveall，goodscienceteachingleadstowhatmightbecalleda“scientificattitude”.Thosewhopossessitseekanswersthroughobserving，experimenting，andreasoning，ratherthanblindlyacceptingthepronouncementsofothers.Theyweighevidencecarefullyandreachconclusionswithcaution.Whilerespectingtheopinionsofothers，theyexpecthonesty，accuracy，andobjectivityareonguardagainsthastyjudgmentsandsweepinggeneralizations.Allchildrenshouldbedevelopingthisapproachtosolvingproblems，butitcannotbeexpectedtoappearautomaticallywiththemereacquisitionofinformation.Continualpractice，throughguidedparticipation，isneeded.Oneofthereasonswhyscienceisimportantforchildrenisthatmanyofthemwill.workinscientificresearchinstitutionsworkatjobscloselyrelatedtosciencemakethefinaldecisioninmattersconcerningsciencebefund-raisersforscientificresearchandexplorationThereisnodoubtthatchildrenlikelearningsciencebecause.scienceislinkedwithmanyofthethingstheymeetscienceisaveryeasysubjectforthemtolearntheyencounterthefactsandprinciplesofsciencedailytheyarefamiliarwiththeprocessandspiritofsciencePupilscanlearnlogicalthinkingwhile.A.practicingcommunicationskillsB.studyinggeographyC.takingartcoursesD.learningsciencePeoplewithascientificattitude.arereadytoacceptthepronouncementsofotherstendtoreachconclusionswithcertaintyareawarethatothersarelikelytomakehastyjudgmentsseektruththroughobservation，experimentationandreasoningIvethatscienceisasuccessfulcourseinschoolpointoutthatscienceasacourseisnowpoorlytaughtinschoolsuggestthatscienceshouldbeincludedintheschoolcurriculumpredictthatchildrenwholearnsciencewillbegoodscientistsPassageTwoMysurpriseoverthepastfewwintershasbeenthepersonalitytransformationmyparentsgothrougharoundmid-DecemberastheychangefromDadandMomintoGrandpaandGrandma.Yes,theybecomegrandparentsandarecompletelydifferentfromthepeopleIknowtheotherelevenandahalfmonthsoftheyear.Thefirstsignofmyparentschangeisthedelighttheytakeinvisitingtoyandchildren'sclothingstores.Thesetwopeople，whousuallydislikeanythinghavingtodowithshoppingmallsbecomecrazyconsumers.Whiletheytellmetobudgetmymoneyandshopwiselytheyarebuyingupeverydollanddumptruckinsight.Andthisisonlythebeginningoftheholidays！Whenmybrother'schildrenarrive，GrandpaandGrandmacomeintofullform.Firsttheythrowoutallideasaboutabalanceddietforthegrandkids.Whilewewereraisedinahousewhereeveryonehadtotaketwobitesofcorn,beets（甜菜），orliver（foodsthatappearedquiteoftenonourtabledespiteconstantcomplainingthegrandchildrenneverhavetoeatanythingthatdoesnotappealtothem.Grandmacarrieschocolateinherpocketstobrib（賄賂）thelittlestonesintofollowingheraroundthehouse，whileGrandpaoffers“surprises”ofcandyandcaketothemalldaylong.Boxesofchocolate-piedisappearwhilethewhole-wheatbreadgethardandstale.Thekidsloveallthesweets，andwhenthesugarraisestheirenergylevels，GrandmaandGrandpacanalwaysdecidetoleaveanddoabitmoreshoppingorgotobedwhilemybrotherandsister-in-lawtrytodealwiththeirhighlyactivekids.OncethegrandchildrenhavearrivedGrandmaandGrandpaalsoseemtoforgetalloftheresponsibilitylecturesIsooftenhearinmydailylife.IfMickeyscreamsathissisterduringdinner，heis“developinghisownpersonality”；ifNancybreaksGrandma'smirror，sheis“justacuriouschild.”But，ifItrackmudintothehousewhilehelpingtounloadgroceries，Ibecome“careless”；ifIscoldoneofthegrandkidsfortearingpagesoutofmytextbookIam“impatient”.IfPaulatalksbacktohermother，GrandmaandGrandpasmileatherspirit.IfIsayonewordaboutallofthisexcessivelove，MomandDadreappeartohaveatalkwithmeaboutpettyjealousies.Asregardshisparents'shoppingforthegrandchildren，theauthor.A.feelsjealousB.feelsamazedC.thinksitunnecessaryD.thinksitannoyingWhathappensafterthekidshavehadallthesweets？A.Theygethighlyenergetic.B.Theyquietdown.C.Theywantmoresweets.D.Theygotobed.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofthevisitingchildren？A.Theybehaveverywell.B.Theylikechocolateverymuch.C.Theyreceivetoysfromtheirgrandparents.D.Theyarehavingalotoffun.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatwhentheauthorwasachild,he.A.likedthefoodshehadB.gotalotofpocketmoneyC.wasspoiledbyhisparentsD.wasscoldedifhemisbehaved“Personalitytransformation”intheauthor'sparentsmeansthatthey.haveturnedintolovingparentshavebecomestrictparentsnolongercarefortheauthorusedtobelieveindisciplineforchildrenPassageThreeDiegoChiapello,legallyblindsincebirthisn'toneofItalysfamous“mama’sboys”wholivewiththeirparentsintoadulthood.The27-year-oldlivesaloneinMilan,worksasanetworkadministrator,lovesdivinganddreamsofsailingacrosstheAtlanticwithasight-impaired（有視力障礙的）crew.Obviously,he'snotyouraveragedisabledperson—butespeciallysoinItaly.ThecountryhasmorebarrierstointegrationthanalmostanywhereelseontheContinent：amongEuropeancountries,Italyranksthirdfromthebottominaccessibilityforthedisabled,aheadofonlyGreeceandPortugal,Peoplewhousewheelchairs,especially,finditdifficulttonavigatethecountry'scobblestone（鵝卵石）streets,ridebusesorvisitrestaurantsshopsandmuseums.LessthanaquarterofItalysdisabledholdjobs,comparedwith47percentforEurope.Butthebiggestobstacleforthecountry'sphysicallychallengedmay,infact,bethefabledItalianfamily.Becauseofthesocialdefectthatstillattachestodisabilities,“theytendtokeepdisabledpeopleathonfeandoutofpublicviewexplainsGiovanniMarri,headofanemploymenttrainingcenterinMilanthatcaterstothehandicapped.Thuswhile15percentofthecountry'sfamiliesincludeadisabledperson,accordingtosurveys-only2percentofItaliansreportgoingtoschoolwithadisabledpersonandonly4percentworkwithone.Italiansarebeginningtorecognizetheproblem.Overthepastdecade,thegovernmenthaspassedlawstargetingeverythingfromworkplacediscriminationtoaccessibilityrequirements.ArecentstudybytheEuropeanUnionfoundthat85percentofItaliansadmitthatpublictransportationandinfrastructure（基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施）areinadequateforthehandicapped，and97percentsayactionisneeded.Butthebiggestbarrierispsychological.“Italiancompaniesareafraidofhiringdisabledpeople，"saysChiapello.Theonlywaytoalterthat，hesays，isforItaly'sdisabledtodowhathedid—getoutofthehouseanddemandchange.Whichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribes“mama’sboys”？A.Ordinary.B.Optimistic.C.Dependent.D.Desirable.Inthispassage，Chiapelloiscitedasanexampleof.A.unusualdisabledItaliansB.courageousblindsailorsC.typicalhandicappedpeopleD.vulnerabledisabledEuropeansInItaly，wherearethedisabledpeoplemostlikelytobe？A.Onthestreet.B.Athome.C.Inschool.D.Atwork.Italy'sgeneralpublicwillmostprobablyagreethat.physicalinadequaciesarethebiggestobstacleforthedisabledthingsshouldbedonetoremovethebarriersagainstthedisabledworkplaceprejudicestowardthedisabledarehardlyrecognizabledisabledpeopleshouldreducetheneedofgoingtopublicplacesWhatisthepassagemainlyabout？Italyhasnotdoneenoughinaidingthedisabled.Italy'sdisabledpeopleshouldgetoutoftheirhouses.Italianpeoplehavebeenblindtotroublesofthedisabled.Italianwaysofaidingthedisabledshouldbeencouraged.PassageFourTheaveragenumberofauthorsonscientificpapersissky-rocketing.That'spartlybecauselabsarebigger，problemsaremorecomplicated，andmoredifferentsubspecialtiesareneeded.Butit’salsobecauseUSgovernmentagencieshavestartedtopromote“teamscience”.Asphysicsdevelopedinthepost-WorldWarIIera,federalfundsbuiltexpensivenationalfacilities,andtheseservedassurfacesonwhichcollaborationscouldcrystallizenaturally.Yetmultipleauthorship—howevergooditmaybeinotherways—presentsproblemsforjournalsandfortheinstitutionsinwhichtheseauthorswork.Forthejournalslonglistsofauthorsarehardtodealwithinthemselves.Butthoselonglistsgiverisetomoreseriousquestionswhensomethinggoeswrongwiththepaper.Ifthereisresearchmisconduct,howshouldtheliabilitybeallocatedamongtheauthorsIfthereisanhonestmistakeinonepartoftheworkbutnotinothers,howshouldanevaluatoraimhisorherreview?Variouspracticalorimpracticalsuggestionshaveemergedduringthelong-standingdebateonthisissue.Oneisthateachauthorshouldprovide,andthejournalshouldthenpublish,anaccountofthatauthor'sparticularcontributiontothework.Butadifferentviewoftheproblemandperhapsofthesolution,comesaswegettouniversitycommitteeonappointmentsandpromotions,whichiswheretheauthorshiprubberreallymeetstheroad.Halfalifetimeofinvolvementwiththisprocesshastaughtmehowmuchauthorshipmatters.Ihavewatchedcommitteesattemptingtodecodesequencesofnames,agonizeoverwhetheramuch-citedpaperwasreallythecandidate'sworkoracoauthor's,andsendbackrecommendationsaskingformorespecificityaboutthedivisionofresponsibility.Problemsofthiskindchangetheargumentsupportingthecaseforaskingauthorstodefinetheirownroles.Afterall,ifqualityjudgmentsaboutindividualsaretobemadeonthebasisoftheirpersonalcontributions,thenthejudgesbetterknowwhattheydid.Butifquestionsariseaboutthevalidityoftheworkasawhol,ewhetheraschallengestoitsconductorasevaluationsofitsinfluenceinthefield,ateamisateam,andthemembersshouldsharethecreditortheblame.Accordingtothepassage,thereisatendencythatscientificpapers.aregettingmorecomplicatedaredealingwithbiggerproblemsaremoreofaproductofteamworkarefocusingmoreonnaturalthanonsocialsciencesOneoftheproblemswithmultipleauthorshipisthatitishard.toallocatetheresponsibilityifthepapergoeswrongtodecideonhowmuchcontributioneachreviewerhasmadetoassigntherolesthatthedifferentauthorsaretoplaytocorrespondwiththeauthorswhenthereadersfeeltheneedtoAccordingtothepassage，authorshipisimportantwhen.practicalorimpracticalsuggestionsoftheauthorsareconsideredappointmentsandpromotionsoftheauthorsareinvolvedevaluatorsneedtoreviewthepublicationoftheauthorsthepublicationoftheauthorshasbecomemuch-citedAccordingtothepassagewhethermultipleauthorsofapapershouldbetakencollectivelyorindividuallydependson.whetherjudgmentsaremadeaboutthepaperoritsauthorswhetheritisthecreditortheblamethattheauthorsneedtosharehowmanyauthorsareinvolvedinthepaperwherethepaperhasbeenpublishedThebesttitleforthepassagecanbe.WritingScientificPapers：PublishorPerishCollaborationandResponsibilityinWritingScientificPapersAdvantagesandDisadvantagesofTeamScienceMultipleAuthors，MultipleProblemsPassageFiveWhatproducesawaterproofsuperglue，actslikeavacuumcleaner，andeventeachesscientistsaboutgenerepair?ThehumblelittleshellfishknownasthemusseK貝臺(tái)貝）！Musselsarefoundworldwide.Someliveinthesea.Othersinhabitfreshwaterstreamsandlakes.Whenyoutrytomoveamusselfromarock,youwilldiscoverwhatanincrediblyfirmgripitha-anecessityifthemusselistoresistthesharpgrabofahungryseabirdorthepoundingwavesofthesea.Howdoesitmanagetoclingsotight?Whenitchooseaplacetosetuphomeitpokesitstongue-shapedfootoutofitsshellandpressesitagainstasolidsurface.Specialglandsgiveoffafluidmixtureofproteinsintoachannelthatrunsthelengthofthefoot.Theliquidquicklyhardensintoafineelasticthreadaboutaninchlong.Thenatinypad-likestructureattheendofthisthreadgivesoffsomenaturalglue-likesubstance,themusselliftsitsfoot,andanchorlinenumberoneiscomplete.Thesestrategicallyplacedthreadsformabundle,whichtiesthemusseltoitsnewhomeinmuchthesamewaythatropesholddownatent.Thewholeproceduretakesonlythreeorfourminutes.Imaginehavingaverystronggluethatisnon-toxicandsoflexiblethatitcanpenetratethetiniestholesandcorners,stickingtoanysurface,evenunderwater.Shipbuilderswouldwelcomeitforrepairingvesselswithouttheexpenseofdry-dockingthem.Auto-bodyworkerswouldlikeareallywaterproofpaintthatkeepstherustout.Surgeonswouldvalueasafegluetojoinbrokenbonesandtoclosewounds...Thelistofpossibleusesappearsendless.However,scientistsarenotthinkingofusingthemusselsthemselvestoproducethissuperglue.Itwouldtakesome10000shellfishtomakejustonegramofglue.Socollectionenoughmusselstosupplytheworldsdemandforsupergluewouldwipeoutthemusselpopulation,manyspeciesofwhicharealreadyendangered.Instea,dAmericanresearchershaveisolatedandclonedthegenesforfivemusselglueproteins,andtheyareabouttomass-producetheminthelaboratory.Howev,erthemusselisstillonejumpahead.Onlythemusselinstinctivelyknowstheexactblendofproteinsneededforeachkindofsurface.MolecularbiologistFrankRobertohasaskedadmiringly：“Howareyouevergoingtoimitatethat?”Amusselgripsahardsurfaceveryfirmlyto.sealitselffrombeingdamagedbyseawaterproducethewaterproofsuperglueprotectitselffrombeingblownawaybystrongwindprotectitselffrombeingthefoodofotheranimalsThewaterproofsuperglueoriginatesin.themussel'stongue-shapedfootsomeglandsinthemussel'sbodythethreadgivenoffbythemusselthechannelofthemussel'sfootTotieitselfsafelytoanewhome，duceathreadtoanchortothehardsurfacedrawairandwaterfromitspad-likestructureholddownatentashumanbeingsdoplacemanyanchorlinesstrategicallyScientistsarenotthinkingofusingmusselstoproducethesupergluemainlybecauseof.thepossiblemass-productionofthesupergluetheirconcernaboutthecostofcollectingmusselstheirconcernabouttheextinctionofthespeciestheworld'slimiteddemandforthesuperglueThemainideaofthispassageisthat.musselscanbeusedtoproducesupergluemusselsaremuchsmarterthanwethinkitisimportanttoprotectmusselsmusselshaveanamazingpowerusefultomanPartIVCloze(10minutes,10points)Directions：Inthispart,thereisapassagewithtwentyblanks.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedAB,CandD.ChoosethebestanswerforeachblankandmarkthecorrespondingletteronyourANSWERSHEETwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.Inrecentyearsanewfarmingrevolutionhasbegun，onethatinvolvesthe61oflifeatafundamentallevel—thegene.Thestudyofgeneticshas62anewindustrycalledbiotechnology.Asthenamesuggest，it63biologyandmoderntechnologythroughsuchtechniquesasgeneticengineering.Someofthenewbiotechcompaniesspecializeinagricultureandareworkingfeverishlyto64seedsthagiveahighyieldthat65diseases，droughtandfrost，andthatreducetheneedfor66chemicals.Ifsuchgoalscouldbeachieved，itwouldbemost67.Butsomehaveraisedconcernsaboutgeneticallyengineeredcrops.Innature，geneticdiversityiscreatedwithincertain68.Arosecanbecrossedwithadifferentkindofrosebutarosewillnevercrosswithapotato.Geneticengineering，69usuallyinvolvestakinggenesfromonespeciesandinsertingthemintoanother70totransferadesiredcharacteristic.Thiscouldmean，forexample，selectingagenewhichleadstotheproductionofachemicalwithanti-freeze71fromanarticfish，andinsertingitintoapotatoorstrawberrytomakeitfrost-resistant.72，then，biotechnologyallowshumansto73thegeneticwallsthatseparatespecies.Likethegreenrevolution，74somecallthegenerevolutioncontributestotheproblemofgeneticuniformity—somesayevenmoreso75geneticistscanemploytechniquessuchascloningand76culture（培養(yǎng)），processesthatproduceperfectly77copies.Concernsabouttheerosionofbiodiversity，therefore，remain.Geneticallyalteredplants，however，raisenew78，suchastheeffectsthattheymayhaveonusandtheenvironment.“Weareflyingblindlyintoanew79ofagriculturalbiotechnologywithhighhopes，fewconstraints，andlittleideaofthepotential80，“saidsciencewriterJeremyRifkin.A.manufactureB.managementC.manipulationD.maturityA.gotalongwithB.liveduptoC.comeupwithD.givenrisetoA.blendsB.breedsC.broodsD.blastsA.hatchB.patentC.duplicateD.trainA.restrictB.retrieveC.reverseD.resistA.hazardousB.hydraulicC.hostileD.harmlessA.surprisingB.disappointingC.beneficialD.extremeA.linesB.agesC.spaceD.limitsA.afterallB.ontheotherhandC.inanycaseD.asaresultA.inanattemptB.innocaseC.tothepointD.withregardA.qualityB.quantityC.priorityD.propertyA.InadvanceB.InpartC.InessenceD.InreturnA.breachB.blazeC.brakeD.brandA.whereB.asC.whatD.soA.thatB.becauseC.ifD.whenA.skinB.muscleC.organD.tissueA.resemblingB.identicalC.similarD.alikeA.difficultiesB.heightC.issuesD.goalsA.spotB.schemeC.deadlineD.eraA.outcomesB.mysteryC.navigationD.destinationPaperTwo試卷二(60minutes)PartIErrorDetection(5minutes,5points)Directions：EachofthefollowingsentenceshasfourunderlinedpartsmarkedAB,CandD.Identifythepartofthesentencethatisincorrect.ThenwritedownthecorrespondingletterandwithoutalteringthemeaningofthesentenceputthecorrectionontheANSWERSHEET.Thefarmerknowssomethingthatthewholecivilized