豐臺區(qū)2020～2021學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期末練習(xí)高三英語筆試2021.01考生須知1.答題前，考生務(wù)必先將答題卡上的學(xué)校、年級、班級、姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號用黑色字跡簽字筆填寫清楚，并認(rèn)真核對條形碼上的準(zhǔn)考證號、姓名，在答題卡的“條形碼粘貼區(qū)”貼好條形碼。2.本次考試所有答題均在答題卡上完成。選擇題必須使用2B鉛筆以正確填涂方式將各小題對應(yīng)選項(xiàng)涂黑，如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦除干凈后再選涂其它選項(xiàng)。非選擇題必須使用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)黑色字跡簽字筆書寫，要求字體工整、字跡清楚。3.請嚴(yán)格按照答題卡上題號在相應(yīng)答題區(qū)內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效，在試卷、草稿紙上答題無效。4.本試卷滿分共100分，作答時(shí)長90分鐘。第一部分：知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。HelpingPawsCraigCookhasaveryspecialservicepartner—atwenty-five-year-oldfemalecapuchinmonkeynamedMinnie.In2012,whenhewasthirtyyearsold,Craigwasinacar1thatlefthimaquadriplegic,someonewhosearmsandlegsdon’tworkproperly.Forseveralyears,Craigneededhelpfromotherpeopleforsuchbasicneeds2gettingadrinkofwater.ThenMinniecametoCraigthroughtheHelpingHandsOrganization.MinniewasbornatSouthwick’sZooinNewYork.AspartofthespecialHelpingHandsprogram,whileshewasababy,shewasgiventoafoster(寄養(yǎng))family3caredforherandhelpedherlearntolivewithpeople.Shelearnedbasic4suchasturningofflightsandfetchingoncommand.Next,Minnie5theHelpingHandsMonkeyCollegefortwoyears.Atthecollege,shelearnedtasksthatwouldhelpa(n)6person.Theseincludedtakingfoodoutofarefrigerator,turningpagesinabookoneatatime,andpickingupobjectsthathadbeendropped.Itisalong7process,butcapuchinmonkeyscanlivetobeforty-fiveyearsold.Sotheycanbe8toprovideserviceformanyyears.Craigsaid,“LivingwithMinnieislikelivingwithagoodfriend.Andsinceshe’sbeenwithme,Minnie’slearned9moreneatthingstodo,likemakingpopcorninthemicrowave(微波爐).ThankstoMinnie,Icanlive10withcaregiversonlycominginforashorttimeeachday.And,whenIgoout,insteadofbeingseenastheguyinthewheelchair,I’mnowtheguywiththemonkey.”1.A.accident B.park C.sale D.race2.A.up B.as C.for D.to3.A.when B.why C.who D.what4.A.ideas B.skills C.principles D.rights5.A.returned B.visited C.supported D.attended6.A.elderly B.poor C.disabled D.lonely7.A.decision-making B.training C.planning D.risk-taking8.A.basedon B.turnedon C.fedon D.countedon9.A.even B.once C.just D.yet10.A.happily B.energetically C.independently D.safely第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空，在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。ATheBritishmusthavereallyhighstandards.IwaspartofastudentexchangeprogrammebetweenauniversityinEnglandandmyuniversityinChina.Ihadspentdaysin11(prepare)formyfirstEnglishpaper.IknewIdidagoodjobandwaslookingforward12gettingapositivecomment.WhenIgotthepaperback,Ifoundthatmyteacher13(write)thecomment“Notbad!”Notbad?Butthereweren’tany14(mistake)inmypaper.BThecollegeentranceexaminationisjustaroundthecorner.Homeworkandtestswillkeepmanyofyouuplateatnight,andyoumayplantomakeupforyourlostsleepduringtheweekends.15isituseful?AstudypublishedinthejournalCurrentBiologycompletelyhaschanged16peopleusedtothink.Itshowsthatthehabitofsleepinginonweekendsdoesn’tfixthedamagedonebyalackofsleepduringtheweek.Even17(bad),itmaydamageyourhealth.CTheInternationalDayofFamilies,which18(name)bytheUnitedNationsin1993,isheldonMay15theveryyear.Thedaycelebratesthe19(important)offamilies.Itaims20(develop)people’sunderstandingofissuesthatarerelatedtofamilies.Withadifferentthemeeachyear,thedayisobservedwithawiderangeofeventsthatareorganizedatlocal,nationalandinternationallevels.第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)閱讀理解（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ADon’tyouthinkrobotsareapartofyourlife?Infactories,robotsputtogethereverythingfromtoystocars.Somehomeshaverobotsthatsweepfloorsormowthelawn(剪草坪).Andmorerobotsaresoontocome.LikeaHumanRobotsdon’texpectanythanksforalltheworktheydoforus.Afterall,theydon’thavefeelings.ButthatmaybechangingwithNexi,arobotcreatedbyscientistsattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology.Nexicanmoveitsfacetoshowanger,happiness,orsadness.Itcanalsoraiseitseyebrowstoshowsurprise.24RobotsatWorkNeedaliftoutofbed?RIBA,shortfor“RobotforInteractiveBodyAssistance”,willlenditshelpfularms!Somepatientsathospitalsandnursinghomeshaveahardtimegettinginandoutofbed.RIBAcangentlyliftapatientoutofbedandhelphimorherintoawheelchair.Therobotcansafelypickupandcarrypeopleweighing135pounds.WaterBotsRobotsthatworkinwater—andlooklikefamiliarseacreatures—aremakingnewslately.Oneofthemisaroboticfish.Researchersbuilttherobo-fishtoswiminwatertodetectpollution.There’sevenaroboticpenguincalledtheAP,whichusesflippers(魚鰭)topaddleandcanmoveinalldirections.Expertspredictthatby2025wecouldhaverobotsineveryhousehold!Youmightbelivingorworkingwithoneofthemeveryday!21.Bymovingitsface,Neximightshowits_________.A.feelings B.power C.interest D.opinions22.Ifapatientneedsassistanceoutofbed,whichmaybeagoodhelper?A.Nexi. B.AP. C.Nao. D.RIBA.23.Accordingtothepassage,aroboticfishmightbeusedfor_________.A.discoveringfish B.pickinguprubbishC.studyingseacreatures D.findingoutpollution24.Whichsubtitlecanbefilledintheblank?A.HouseholdHelpers B.ProgrammeDesignersC.HotelCleaners D.GamePlayersBThePartyofTheirLivesInLosAngeles’sinfamousSkidRow,therearehundredsofchildrenlivingonthestreetsorinshelters.It’saplacewheredreamsgotodie.Butonecoupleisdeterminedtousetheirownexperiencewithlosstofosterasenseofhope.In2013,MaryDavisandherhusbandlosttheirfirstunbornkid.Refusingtolettheheartbreakbreakthem,theybecamevolunteersinaSkidRowhomelessshelter.Theyfoundthatmanyofthekidstherehadneverhadasinglebirthdaypartybefore,sotheydecidedtothrowabirthdaypartyforthosehomelesskids.TheytookoveraroomintheUnionRescueMissionandfilleditwithstreamers,giftsandacake.Thekidsweresoexcitedthattheymadetheirownmusic—singingandclappingand,ofcourse,laughing.Sincethen,thecouplehavethrownapartyeachandeverymonth.Theyroutinelyattract250kidsandtheirparents.Anhourbeforeeachparty,volunteersarrivetosetupthedecorationsandactivities:facepainting,balloonartists,aDJ,cake,andpizza.Therearesmallpresentsforthekidscelebratingtheirbirthdays,buttheDavismakesuretherearemorethanenoughtogoaround.“Irememberamomcamewithherkid,”Marysays.“Itwastheirfirstnightattheshelter,andherchildhadabirthday.Wehadanextragiftforher—pinkheadphones.Thelittlegirlwassoexcited.Andhermom...she’scrying.‘Ineverimaginedwewouldeverneedtobeinashelter.Ididn’tknowwhattoexpect.ButIreallydidn’texpectabirthdaypartyformychild.’shecriedwithhappiness.”Doingherbesttonormalizethesekids’livesisbothheartwarmingandbittersweet,Marysays.“Ifyoulookoutside,youseehomelesspersonafterhomelesspersononthestreet,anditremindsyouthatthesekidsdon’tgettoleavethisareaaftertheparty.”Itmaybewhy,afterthrowing88parties,shestillcriesaftereachone.Shecreditsthekidsintheshelterwithhelpingherholdontohope.“Wedidn’trealizehowmuchjoytheyweregoingtobringus,”shetoldCBSNews.“Anditwassohealingforbothkidsandus.”25.InSkidRow,hundredsofkids________.A.werehomeless B.losttheirparentsC.droppedoutofschool D.werecrazyaboutparties26.Howdidthecouplehelpthekids?A.Theyraisedmuchmoney. B.Theyrentedmanyhouses.C.Theyhostedbirthdayparties. D.Theymadebirthdaypresents.27.Accordingtothepassage,whichcanbestdescribeMary?A.Honestandgenerous. B.Caringandgenerous. C.Outgoingandcaring. D.Outgoingandhonest.28.Whatdoesthestoryintendtotellus?A.Wellbegun,halfdone.B.Eastorwest,homeisbest.C.Whatgoesaroundcomesaround.D.Wherethereislove,thereishope.CWildfireshaverecentlyruinedregionsacrosstheworld,andtheirseverityisincreasing.Hopingtoreduceharm,researchersledbyYapeiWang,achemistatRenminUniversityofChina,saytheyhavedevelopedaninexpensivedevicetodetectsuchfiresearlierandwithlesseffort.

Theteamsaysitsnewdevicecanbeplacedneartreetrunks’basesandsendawirelesssignaltoanearbyreceiverifthereisanunusualtemperatureincrease.Thetotravelwithintheliquids,creatingelectricalenergythatcauseselectrodestosendthesignal.Theteamprintedthesubstancesontoordinarypapertocreateasensor.JessicaMcCarty,ageographeratMiamiUniversity,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy,saysplaceswherewildlandandcitymeetcouldpotentiallybenefitfromsuchadevice.Shesays,“Whenafirebreaksout,thehomeownerwillknowbeforethefireagencymayhavedetectedit.”

Butimprovingintegrationamongthedifferentagenciesinvolvedinfirefightingisevenmorevitaltoaddress,saysGrahamKent,aseismologistattheUniversityofNevada,whowasalsonotpartofthestudy.“Thewholewaythatyourespondtoafireuntilit’sputoutislikeaballet,”hesays.“You’dhavetochoreograph(編舞)itjustso,”withresourcesdistributedatpreciselytherighttimeandplacefromdetectiontoconfirmationtodispatch(派遣)toextinguishing.“Firedetectionisjuststepone;ifyoublowstepstwothrough98,allthattechnology...justdoesn’tmatter.”Wangsayshisteam’snextstepsaretoextendthedevice’ssignalrangebeyondthecurrent100meters,whichcanlimitpracticaluse,andtodevelopaprotectivewallforit.Thedevice’seffectiveness,McCartynotes,willalsoneedtobetestedinthefield.29.Whatcanwelearnaboutthenewdevice?A.Itcanspotfirefromthesky. B.Itcansendtimelywarningoffire. C.Itusesmoltensaltstotestthesignal.D.Itreceivessignalsfromtreetrunks’bases.30.AccordingtoGrahamKent,whatisthekeytofirefighting?A.Thetimefordetection.B.Theprovidednewtechnology.C.Preciselydistributedresources.D.Cooperationofdifferentdepartments.31.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.FightingFirewithPaper B.FireIsunderControlC.FightingFireintheForest D.FirefightingIsaMatterofUrgencyDHumanshaveahabitofdelayingtheirownprogress.Fromcoffeetorefrigeratortogeneticallychangedfood,historyisfilledwithinnovationsthatcausedresistancebeforetheybecomenecessityineverydaylife.CalestousJuma,aprofessorofHarvardUniversity,exploresthisphenomenoninhislatestbook,InnovationandItsEnemies:WhyPeopleResistNewTechnologies.AmongJuma’sclaimsisthatpeopledonotfearinnovationsimplybecausethetechnologyisnew,butbecauseinnovationoftenmeanslosingapieceoftheiridentityorlifestyle,andseparatingpeoplefromnatureortheirsenseofpurpose.Jumaidentifiedinhisresearchthreekeysourcesofoppositiontoinnovation:thosewithcommercialinterestsinexistingproducts,thosewhoidentifywithexistingproducts,andthosewhomightlosepowerasaresultofchange.Thefirstgroupisperhapsthemostobvious.Manyindustrieshavebeenaffectedbyinnovation.Justtakealookatthepointlesseffortsofmusicpublisherstostopthechangetodigitalmusic.Someconsumersmightopposeaninnovationbecausetheexistingproductisdeeplyrootedintheiridentity,cultureorcustoms.TheBritishpreferredteatimeathometosittinginacoffeeshop,forexample.Finally,theriseofnewtechnologiescanalsoresultinachangeredistributingwealthandinfluenceawayfromsomegroups,andtowardothers.Theexpansionofharvestersandothermechanicalequipmentreducedtheneedforfarmlabor,andthechangeinpopulationawayfromruralareashadsignificantpoliticalconsequence.Humansmakedecisionsaboutnewinnovationswiththeirinstinct(直覺)ratherthanevidence.Opponentsandenthusiastsofanewtechnologywilloftenmakeshockingclaimstosupporttheirarguments.Jumasaidbeneaththoseargumentswastypicallyobviousconcernofnewtechnologies,ratherthanareasonedresponse.Jumasaid,“Peopleseeanewproductandthereisanemotionalreactiontothatproductbecauseitchallengestheiroutlookontheworld.Thishasbeenthestorywithalmosteverynewproduct.”Historically,technologistshavebeenmoreconcernedwiththefunctionalityoftheproductstheycreate,payinglessattentiontotheconsequenceitmayhaveonsocietyatlarge,Jumaclaims.Fortunately,thatmaybestartingtochange.32.A.Thereliabilityoftheexistingtechnologies.B.Thedifficultiesofmasteringnewtechnologies. C.Theconcernoverthedevelopmentoftechnologies.D.Thefearforthechangescausedbynewtechnologies. 33.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetopeople’soppositiontoinnovation?A.Uncertain. B.Disapproving. C.Supportive. D.Neutral.34.Whatdoesthepassageimply?A.Technologies’effectonsocietyshouldbevalued.B.Theuseofnewproductsreducestheneedforlabor.C.Enthusiastsofthetechnologiesaremorereasonable.D.Thefunctionalityofnewproductscausesmoreworries.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Whatisyourrecoveryrate?Howlongdoesittakeyoutorecoverfromactionsandbehaviorsthatupsetyou?Minutes?Hours?Days?Weeks?Briefly,thelongerittakesyoutorecover,themoreinfluencethatincidenthasonyouractions,andthelessableyouaretoperformtoyourpersonalbest.35Youarewellawarethatyouneedtoexercisetokeepthebodyfitand,nodoubt,acceptthatareasonablemeasureofhealthisthespeedinwhichyourheartandrespiratorysystem(呼吸系統(tǒng))recoversafterexercise.Likewisethefasteryouletgoofanissuethatupsetsyou,thefasteryoureturntocalm,thehealthieryouwillbe.36Theyknowthatthefastertheycanforgetanincidentormissedopportunityandgetonwiththe

game,thebettertheirperformance.Similarly,imagineyourselftobeanactorinaplayonthestage.37Youhavebeengivenascriptandattheendofeachsentenceisafullstop.Eachtimeyougettotheendofthesentenceyoustartanewone.Althoughthenextsentenceisrelatedtothelastitisnotaffectedbyit.Yourjobistodelivereachsentencetothebestofyourability.So,itisunnecessarytoliveyourlifeinthepast.38Thoughtsofthepastshouldn’tbeallowedtoreduceyourpersonalbest.Beingpresentisagatewaytorecoverquickly.39Reflectonyourrecoveryrateeachday.Everydaybeforeyougotobed,lookatyourprogress.Whenyouarelyinginbed,youshouldn’tblameyourselfforhavingdonethiswrongornothavingdonethatbetter,butlookatyourdayandnotewhenyoumadeanefforttoplaceafullstopafteranincident.Inthisway,youaretakingcontrolofyourlifeandachievetheaim:reducethetimespentinrecovery.A.You’reundertakingrealchangeshere.B.Remember:Romewasn’tbuiltinaday.C.Herearesomecaseswhereyoucanlearnaboutit.D.Youraimistoplayyourparttothebestofyourability.E.Insteadofthepast,itisthepresentthatyouhavetofocuson.F.Thebestexampleofthisbehaviorisfoundwithprofessionalsportspeople.G.It’ssaidthattheaveragetimeforsportspeopletowinthegameis30minutes.第三部分書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，32分）第一節(jié)閱讀表達(dá)（共4小題；第1、2題各2分，第3題3分，第4題5分，共12分）。閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求回答問題。BalancingTreesandCO2Treeplantingusedtoberegardedasaneffectivemeansofreducingclimatechange.Perhapsit’stimeforustorethinkthispractice.TreespullCO2fromtheair.ThiseffectivelyremovesCO2fromtheatmosphere.ButtreesonlyholdontoCO2aslongasthey’realive.Oncetheydie,treesdecay(腐爛)andreleasethatCO2backintotheatmosphere.Recentstudieshavefoundthattreesaroundtheworldaregrowingfasterthanever.TheriseofCO2,mainlyduetoburningfossilfuels,isprobablydrivingthatrapidgrowth,saidRoelBrienen,aforestecologistattheUniversityofLeeds,UK.HighlevelsofCO2areincreasingtemperatures,whichinturnspeedstreegrowthinthoseareas,headded.Thefastertreesgrow,thefastertheystorecarbon.Itseemslikegoodnews.However,itisknownthatfast-growingtreespecies,ingeneral,liveshorterlivesthantheirslow-growingrelatives.Inordertoseewhetherthegrowth-lifespantrade-off(生長與壽命之間的權(quán)衡)isauniversalphenomenon,Brienenandhiscolleaguesanalyzedover210,000individualtreeringrecordsof110treespeciesfrommorethan79,000sitesworldwide.Theyfoundthat,inalmostallhabitatsandallsites,faster-growingtreespeciesdiedyoungerthanslow-growingspecies,andevenwithinaspecies,thetrade-offbetweengrowthandlifespanheldstrong.Theteamalsocreatedacomputerprogramthatmodeledaforestandtweaked(微量調(diào)整)thegrowthofthetreesinthismodel.Earlyon,itshowedthat“theforestcouldholdmorecarbonasthetreesgrewfaster”,Brienenreported.Butafter20years,thesetreesstarteddyingandlosingthisextracarbonagain.“WemustunderstandthattheonlysolutiontobringingdownCO2levelsistostopemitting(排放)itintotheatmosphere,”saidBrienen.40.Whatdoes“thispractice”inPara.1referto?___________________________________________________________________41.Whyaretreesaroundtheworldgrowingfasterthanever?___________________________________________________________________42.Readthefollowingstatement,underlinethefalsepartofitandexplainthereason. Theteamhasfoundthatthefastertreesgrow,thefastertheystoreCO2,andthelongerlivestheylive.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________43.PleasebrieflypresentwhatyoucandoindailylifetoreducetheemissionofCO2.(about40words)_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二節(jié)應(yīng)用文寫作（共20分）假設(shè)你是紅星中學(xué)高三學(xué)生李華。你們學(xué)校下個(gè)月將要舉辦“圖書漂流”(BookCrossing)活動(dòng)——將自己喜歡的圖書放在學(xué)校任意公共場所，感興趣的同學(xué)讀完后將書放回原處，讓其繼續(xù)漂流。請你給交換生Chris寫一封郵件，邀請他參加此次活動(dòng)，內(nèi)容包括：1.活動(dòng)意義；2.具體安排；3.發(fā)出邀請。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.適當(dāng)增減細(xì)節(jié)，使文章連貫；3.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。DearChris，_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua豐臺區(qū)2020-2021學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期末練習(xí)高三英語期末練習(xí)答案及評分參考2021.01筆試部分（共100分）第一部分知識運(yùn)用第一節(jié)完形填空（共10小題，15分。每小題1.5分）1-5ABCBD6-10CBDAC第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題，15分。每小題1.5分）preparing12.to 13.hadwritten 14.mistakes15.But/Yet16.what 17.worse18.wasnamed19.importance20.todevelop第二部分閱讀理解第一節(jié)閱讀理解（共14小題，28分。每小題2分）21-25ADDAA 26-30CBDBD31-34ADBA 第二節(jié)七選五（共5小題，10分。每小題2分）35-39CFDEB第三部分書面表達(dá)Plantingtreestoreduceclimatechange./Treeplantingisusedtoreduceclimatechange./Usingtreeplantingtoreduceclimatechange.BecauseoftheriseofCO2fromburningfossilfuels./BecauseoftheriseofCO2./BecauseburningfossilfuelsleadstotheriseofCO2.Theteamhasfoundthatthef