doc資料(丹麥、意大利技術(shù)產(chǎn)品信息:負(fù)荷開關(guān)(LK-LBS、LK-ALBS1-12、LK-ALBS2-12企業(yè)簡介:上海紅申(控股合資電氣法人代表:劉經(jīng)理注冊資本:5000萬經(jīng)營模式:丹麥、意大利技術(shù)入股、生產(chǎn)加工、經(jīng)銷批發(fā)?員工數(shù)量:800-1200人主要市場:大陸;西歐;東南亞客戶類型: 公司、成套廠、大中型建筑工程?所屬行業(yè):配電輸電設(shè)備、開關(guān)特色產(chǎn)品:LK-ALBS壓氣式高壓負(fù)荷開關(guān):成套大類(凹凸壓電器、變壓器、箱變?1、LK-ALBS壓氣式負(fù)荷開關(guān)(丹麥\意大利技術(shù)8、箱變LK-ALBS負(fù)荷開關(guān)應(yīng)用〕-C企業(yè)榮譽(yù)、企業(yè)文化溝通高壓隔離開關(guān)和接地開關(guān)評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)電網(wǎng)公司溝通高壓隔離開關(guān)和接地開關(guān)評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)第一章 總則況，特制訂本評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是依據(jù) 、行業(yè)、 電網(wǎng)公司現(xiàn)行有關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、規(guī)程、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，并結(jié)合近年來 溝通高壓隔離開關(guān)和接地開關(guān)生產(chǎn)運(yùn)行狀況分析以及設(shè)備運(yùn)行閱歷而制定的。本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定了溝通高壓隔離開關(guān)和接地開關(guān)在設(shè)備投運(yùn)前〔包括設(shè)計(jì)選〕、運(yùn)行維護(hù)、檢修、技術(shù)監(jiān)視、技術(shù)改造等全過程的評(píng)價(jià)工程及內(nèi)容、評(píng)價(jià)依據(jù)、評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及方法。1.4 110〔66〕kV及以上電壓等級(jí)溝通高壓隔離開關(guān)和接地開關(guān)的評(píng)價(jià)工作。其次章 引用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)GB8287.1－1998 高壓支柱絕緣子技術(shù)條件GB1985－2023 高壓溝通隔離開關(guān)和接地開關(guān)GBJ147—1990 電氣裝置安裝工程高壓電器施工及驗(yàn)收標(biāo)準(zhǔn)GB50150-1991 電氣裝置安裝工程電氣設(shè)備交接試驗(yàn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)DL/T593－1996 高壓開關(guān)設(shè)備的共用訂貨技術(shù)導(dǎo)則DL/T486－2023 合成絕緣子標(biāo)準(zhǔn)電網(wǎng)公司 隔離開關(guān)和接地開關(guān)技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)電網(wǎng)公司 高壓開關(guān)設(shè)備技術(shù)監(jiān)視規(guī)定電網(wǎng)公司 預(yù)防高壓開關(guān)設(shè)備事故措施電網(wǎng)公司 高壓開關(guān)設(shè)備運(yùn)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)電網(wǎng)公司 高壓開關(guān)設(shè)備檢修標(biāo)準(zhǔn)電網(wǎng)公司 十八項(xiàng)電網(wǎng)重大反事故措施電網(wǎng)公司生產(chǎn)輸電[2023]4號(hào)文《關(guān)于高壓隔離開關(guān)訂貨的有關(guān)規(guī)定》。第三章 評(píng)價(jià)周期、指標(biāo)及方法價(jià)、定期評(píng)價(jià)、動(dòng)態(tài)評(píng)價(jià)。設(shè)備投運(yùn)前應(yīng)進(jìn)展一次綜合評(píng)價(jià)。設(shè)備投運(yùn)后應(yīng)定期進(jìn)展評(píng)價(jià)，原則上每年一次。。核心指標(biāo)：絕緣性能、載流性能、支柱絕緣子完好程度等。一般指標(biāo)除核心指標(biāo)以外的其它指標(biāo)為一般指標(biāo)。評(píng)分原則評(píng)價(jià)等級(jí)90%A級(jí)；得分率在B70%C級(jí)?！舶ㄐ吞?hào)、廠家、安裝地點(diǎn)、安裝日期等〕、存在的主要問題、評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)論及整改建議。評(píng)價(jià)報(bào)告作為設(shè)備技術(shù)檔案由設(shè)備運(yùn)行維護(hù)單位保存。第五章 評(píng)價(jià)內(nèi)容及標(biāo)準(zhǔn)隔離開關(guān)型號(hào)：制造廠：出廠編號(hào)：額定電流： A型號(hào)：制造廠：出廠編號(hào)：額定電流： A額定出廠時(shí)間：投運(yùn)時(shí)間：機(jī)構(gòu)型號(hào)：接地開關(guān)：型號(hào)：制造廠：出廠編號(hào)：機(jī)構(gòu)型號(hào)：型號(hào)：制造廠：出廠編號(hào)：機(jī)構(gòu)型號(hào)：型號(hào)：制造廠：出廠編號(hào)：機(jī)構(gòu)型號(hào)：序號(hào)序號(hào)評(píng)價(jià)工程評(píng)價(jià)要求評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及方法一1投運(yùn)前的評(píng)價(jià)核心指標(biāo)型式試驗(yàn)應(yīng)按國標(biāo)、行未按國標(biāo)、行標(biāo)、IEC標(biāo)準(zhǔn)網(wǎng)公司完善化品每臺(tái)產(chǎn)品必需廠試驗(yàn)。不符合國網(wǎng)公司完善化技術(shù)要求的產(chǎn)品，扣300分。整體性未在工廠內(nèi)進(jìn)展整臺(tái)組裝和300分。標(biāo)、IEC標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)展型式試驗(yàn)進(jìn)展型式試驗(yàn)的，扣分；300技術(shù)審查應(yīng)通過技術(shù)審查分；300完善化應(yīng)選擇符合國拆裝標(biāo)記拆裝標(biāo)記在組裝過程顯的連接位置動(dòng)熱穩(wěn)定電流標(biāo)記。需拆裝發(fā)運(yùn)的產(chǎn)品應(yīng)按相、按柱作好標(biāo)記，其連接部位應(yīng)作好特別標(biāo)記。滿足設(shè)計(jì)文件要求滿足設(shè)計(jì)文件任一項(xiàng)未按要求做標(biāo)記的，扣300分。不滿足要求；扣300分動(dòng)熱穩(wěn)定時(shí)間不滿足要求；扣300分要求外絕緣爬距滿足設(shè)計(jì)文件外絕緣爬距不滿足安裝地污要求穢等級(jí)要求，扣300分支持或操作瓷瓶1應(yīng)有絕緣子1無絕緣子檢驗(yàn)合格證，扣檢驗(yàn)合格證2應(yīng)有永不磨300分2永不磨損的產(chǎn)品標(biāo)記，扣損的產(chǎn)品標(biāo)記300分〔商標(biāo)、產(chǎn)品代號(hào)、出廠年月〕2 現(xiàn)場安裝到貨驗(yàn)收說明書合格證出廠試驗(yàn)報(bào)告

書安裝使用說明明產(chǎn)品合格證動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)〕出廠試驗(yàn)報(bào)告送

無；不得分無測試方法；不得分5分無；不得分未隨產(chǎn)品一起發(fā)送；扣5分現(xiàn)場安裝作業(yè)安裝記錄

應(yīng)按相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn) 無現(xiàn)場安裝作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書扣20的工藝要求進(jìn) 分，不能嚴(yán)格按工藝要求進(jìn)展安裝、調(diào)試 行安裝扣20分查閱現(xiàn)場安裝 記錄設(shè)備本身缺陷發(fā)生狀況設(shè)備本身缺陷發(fā)生狀況查閱現(xiàn)場安裝記錄設(shè)備質(zhì)量缺陷，每條缺陷扣5分，扣完為止。3 現(xiàn)場交接、驗(yàn)收交接試驗(yàn)及驗(yàn)收。交接驗(yàn)收試驗(yàn)準(zhǔn)要求。試驗(yàn)工程每缺一項(xiàng)扣5分；試驗(yàn)結(jié)果不符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求每5分，扣完為止。技術(shù)資料技術(shù)資料不全扣5分；技術(shù)5分備品備件技術(shù)資料正確、完整齊全包括訂貨技術(shù)協(xié)議、出廠試驗(yàn)報(bào)告、設(shè)計(jì)圖紙、安裝使用說明書、安裝過程中的質(zhì)量掌握記錄、調(diào)試和交接試驗(yàn)報(bào)告)。應(yīng)有常用備品 查訂貨技術(shù)協(xié)議或訂貨清單備件，并保證 不齊全，扣5分專用工具完好、隨時(shí)可專用工具完好、隨時(shí)可用。專用工具應(yīng)齊全、完好。查訂貨技術(shù)協(xié)議或訂貨清單5分序號(hào)評(píng)價(jià)工程評(píng)價(jià)要求評(píng)價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及方法二1設(shè)備運(yùn)行維護(hù)狀況評(píng)價(jià)核心指標(biāo)設(shè)備危急缺陷動(dòng)熱穩(wěn)定電流絕緣子小于安裝飾的核算值現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)峻電暈300分導(dǎo)電回路部件有嚴(yán)峻過熱或300分發(fā)生裂紋、法蘭開裂、放電聲或嚴(yán)峻電暈；扣300分接地開關(guān)開合感應(yīng)電流承載和開合感300分應(yīng)電流正常嚴(yán)峻缺陷動(dòng)熱穩(wěn)定電流小于安裝飾的200分核算值1.2.機(jī)械壽命小于產(chǎn)品技術(shù)200分條件的規(guī)定1.2.導(dǎo)體無嚴(yán)峻腐200分導(dǎo)電回路蝕，部件無過部件溫度超過設(shè)備允許的最1.2.絕緣子熱未涂涂料的應(yīng)外表清潔高運(yùn)行溫度；扣200分200分1.2.傳動(dòng)和轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)部件無卡澀、無嚴(yán)200分2設(shè)備檔案、資料重腐蝕200分訂貨技術(shù)協(xié)議有無；扣3分出廠試驗(yàn)報(bào)告有無；扣3分設(shè)計(jì)圖紙有無；扣3分安裝使用說明有無；扣3分安裝記錄有無；扣3分交接試驗(yàn)和驗(yàn)收報(bào)告有無；扣3分運(yùn)行記錄有無；扣3分歷次預(yù)試及檢修試驗(yàn)報(bào)告有無；扣3分缺陷記錄有無；扣3分預(yù)防性試驗(yàn)工程是否齊全預(yù)防性試驗(yàn)工程是否齊全《電力設(shè)備預(yù)查預(yù)防性試驗(yàn)報(bào)告防性試驗(yàn)規(guī)程》預(yù)防性試驗(yàn)狀況監(jiān)視告警記錄及處理報(bào)告有3分3設(shè)備運(yùn)行狀況一般缺陷一般缺陷每項(xiàng)次扣2分；4設(shè)備維護(hù)外觀稍微銹蝕扣1分；嚴(yán)峻銹蝕2分機(jī)構(gòu)密封性能機(jī)構(gòu)稍微滲漏扣2分；嚴(yán)峻5分外絕緣外表清潔程度外絕緣外表積污嚴(yán)峻扣5分機(jī)構(gòu)箱門密封箱門關(guān)閉不嚴(yán)扣2分，機(jī)構(gòu)箱內(nèi)有進(jìn)水狀況扣3分根底沉降、損壞等根底沉降扣 5分，根底開5設(shè)備預(yù)防性試驗(yàn)10分核心指標(biāo)瓷瓶檢查應(yīng)完好瓷瓶有問題；扣40分聯(lián)鎖聯(lián)鎖牢靠40分40分DL/T596-199666666機(jī)構(gòu)箱二次元件機(jī)構(gòu)輸出軸的連接導(dǎo)電回路主觸頭支持絕緣子設(shè)備檢修狀況評(píng)價(jià)檢修規(guī)程、作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書的執(zhí)行狀況生 產(chǎn) 輸 變[2023]4 號(hào) 任一項(xiàng)未滿足要求；扣 20文》的規(guī)定進(jìn) 分，扣完為止行完善化。未開展探傷工作；扣5分三1無檢修規(guī)程、作業(yè)指導(dǎo)書；不得分未按檢修規(guī)程檢修導(dǎo)致的設(shè)5分二次局部絕緣電阻2分觸指壓力2分導(dǎo)電回路4分操動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)、傳動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)動(dòng)作不敏捷；扣3分6預(yù)防設(shè)備事故措施的執(zhí)行、落實(shí)狀況分合不到位；扣4分機(jī)構(gòu)和傳動(dòng)局部6軸承座密封6軸套、軸銷傳動(dòng)連接6傳動(dòng)連桿按《國網(wǎng)公司2檢修周期按國網(wǎng)公司小修《溝通高壓隔未按周期檢修；扣5分大修離開關(guān)檢修規(guī)未按周期檢修；扣10分臨時(shí)性檢修范》規(guī)定的進(jìn)設(shè)備本身問題臨修頻繁；扣行檢修10分5分3檢修工程主開關(guān)和接地開關(guān)的聯(lián)鎖的檢修主刀與接地刀的機(jī)械聯(lián)鎖主刀與接地刀不行靠或機(jī)械強(qiáng)度缺乏；扣的機(jī)械聯(lián)鎖可100分靠，具有足夠的機(jī)械強(qiáng)度電氣閉鎖電氣閉鎖動(dòng)作電氣閉鎖動(dòng)作不行靠；扣絕緣子法蘭牢靠.法蘭無開裂100分100分導(dǎo)電局部主觸頭的檢修.1接觸面接觸面無過2分.2鍍銀層熱、燒傷痕跡鍍銀層無脫落3分.3回路電阻現(xiàn)象回路電阻符合2分技術(shù)條件規(guī)定觸頭彈簧的檢修.1防銹性觸頭彈簧無銹3分.2分流現(xiàn)象蝕觸頭彈簧無分3分導(dǎo)電臂的檢修流現(xiàn)象導(dǎo)電臂無銹2分蝕、起層現(xiàn)象接線座的檢修.1防腐性接線座無腐蝕2分.2轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)敏捷性轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)敏捷轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)不敏捷；扣2分.3接觸牢靠性接觸牢靠接觸不行靠；扣2分接線板的檢修接線板應(yīng)無變變形、開裂，鍍層磨損；扣形、無開裂，2分鍍層應(yīng)完好機(jī)構(gòu)和傳動(dòng)局部軸承座的檢修.1軸承座密封軸承座承受全非全密封構(gòu)造；扣1分密封構(gòu)造.2潤滑脂加規(guī)定的潤滑未加規(guī)定的潤滑脂；扣1分脂軸套、軸銷的檢修.1自潤滑措施軸套具備自潤無自潤滑措施；扣1分滑措施.2轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)敏捷性轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)敏捷轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)不敏捷；扣1分.3防銹性無銹蝕1分.4軸銷材質(zhì)軸銷承受防腐材料未承受防腐材料；扣1分傳動(dòng)部件的檢修.1傳動(dòng)部件無變形、無銹蝕、無嚴(yán)峻磨變形、銹蝕、嚴(yán)峻磨損；扣1分損.2水平連桿水平連桿端部密封不良，積水；扣1分密封良好，內(nèi)部無積水.3傳動(dòng)軸承受裝配式結(jié)未承受裝配式構(gòu)造；扣1分構(gòu)，無施工現(xiàn)場進(jìn)展切焊配裝現(xiàn)象機(jī)構(gòu)箱檢查.1機(jī)構(gòu)箱到達(dá)防1分雨、防潮、防小動(dòng)物等要求.2機(jī)構(gòu)箱門無變1分形關(guān)心開關(guān)及二次元件檢查.1二次元件及關(guān)心開關(guān)接線二次元件及輔1分助開關(guān)接線無松動(dòng).2端子排端子排無銹蝕1分.3關(guān)心開關(guān)與傳動(dòng)桿的連接關(guān)心開關(guān)與傳連接不行靠；扣1分動(dòng)桿的連接可靠機(jī)構(gòu)輸出軸的檢查.1機(jī)構(gòu)輸出軸與傳動(dòng)軸的連接機(jī)構(gòu)輸出軸與1分傳動(dòng)軸的連接嚴(yán)密.2定位銷定位銷無松動(dòng)1分絕緣子完好性絕緣子完好、掉瓷、清潔程度差；扣2分清潔，無掉瓷同心度現(xiàn)象上下節(jié)絕緣子2分同心度良好法蘭外表無銹蝕、油漆銹蝕、油漆脫落；扣2分完好法蘭與絕緣子的結(jié)合部法蘭與絕緣子未涂防水膠；扣3分的結(jié)合部位涂防水膠4檢修質(zhì)量檢修周期內(nèi)應(yīng)檢修一年內(nèi)，每發(fā)生一次缺無缺陷發(fā)生陷扣10分四設(shè)備技術(shù)監(jiān)視狀況評(píng)價(jià)技術(shù)監(jiān)視治理《高壓開關(guān)設(shè)備技術(shù)監(jiān)視規(guī)范》任制記錄、檢修記錄全過程技術(shù)監(jiān)視執(zhí)行狀況選型：高壓開關(guān)設(shè)備設(shè)計(jì)選型應(yīng)符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、電力行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及電網(wǎng)公司標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的要求，同時(shí)還應(yīng)符合高壓開關(guān)設(shè)備反事故技術(shù)措施要求。驗(yàn)收：應(yīng)嚴(yán)格依據(jù)有關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、規(guī)程、反措對(duì)投產(chǎn)驗(yàn)收

備技術(shù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》GB1050

無高壓開關(guān)設(shè)備技術(shù)監(jiān)視專責(zé)人扣5分；專責(zé)人責(zé)任不5分無臺(tái)帳不得分；內(nèi)容不全：無出廠資料扣1分無交接資料扣1分，運(yùn)行記錄無或不全扣2～4分，檢修記錄無2～4分不符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和反措要求扣5～10分驗(yàn)收工程不全，有遺留缺陷扣5分，開關(guān)專責(zé)人未參與高壓開關(guān)設(shè)備的投產(chǎn)驗(yàn)收扣5分運(yùn)行：運(yùn)行部門應(yīng)嚴(yán)格依據(jù) 電網(wǎng)公司開關(guān)設(shè)備的運(yùn)行、維護(hù)工作檢修：嚴(yán)格依據(jù)電網(wǎng)公司《溝通高壓斷檢修監(jiān)視工作。

《高壓開關(guān)設(shè) 不能按要求進(jìn)展運(yùn)行、維護(hù)備運(yùn)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》 扣5分，運(yùn)行維護(hù)記錄不全扣2～5分《溝通高壓斷未按檢修標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求開展檢修路器檢修規(guī)工作的扣5分；檢修后驗(yàn)收范》 試驗(yàn)不符合要求扣5分aa〕瓷瓶外絕緣爬距較小，不能滿足行改造分技術(shù)改造：應(yīng)依據(jù)高壓開關(guān)設(shè)備運(yùn)行和檢修存在需技術(shù)改造的問題扣 5覺察的重點(diǎn)薄弱環(huán)節(jié)和關(guān)鍵技術(shù)問題，確定分，技術(shù)改造工程未落實(shí)扣高壓開關(guān)設(shè)備的技術(shù)改造工程，并組織落實(shí)5分實(shí)施。缺陷處理和分析：高壓開關(guān)設(shè)備應(yīng)無影響安有危急缺陷不得分；有重要全運(yùn)行的重要缺陷和危急缺陷，對(duì)覺察的缺缺陷扣5分；缺陷處理不及陷應(yīng)準(zhǔn)時(shí)處理，對(duì)覺察的缺陷應(yīng)定期分析上時(shí)或缺陷不上報(bào)扣2分。報(bào)。高壓開關(guān)設(shè)備監(jiān)測和檢測技術(shù)應(yīng)用按要求進(jìn)展紅外測溫，無接頭過熱狀況。DL664未定期開展紅外檢測扣5分。存在接頭過熱狀況扣3分。五設(shè)備技術(shù)改造狀況評(píng)價(jià)1技術(shù)改造規(guī)劃制訂未制定；不得分動(dòng)、熱穩(wěn)定性能不滿足安裝地不切合實(shí)際；扣10分未制定改造打算的，扣 20點(diǎn)系統(tǒng)要求的分隔離開關(guān)應(yīng)進(jìn)行改造20年以上的隔離開關(guān)設(shè)備可依據(jù)設(shè)備狀未制定改造打算的，扣 20況考慮逐步進(jìn)分行改造整體狀況較差的隔離開關(guān)設(shè)備：應(yīng)考慮逐步進(jìn)未制定改造打算的，扣 20安裝地點(diǎn)污穢等級(jí)要求；安裝地點(diǎn)污穢等級(jí)要求；b〕瓷瓶強(qiáng)度缺乏；c〕導(dǎo)體、支架等金屬部件腐蝕嚴(yán)重；d〕操作敏捷性不好；e〕機(jī)械聯(lián)鎖不完善或強(qiáng)度缺乏等2技術(shù)改造實(shí)施狀況打算無法落實(shí)；不得分3技術(shù)改造取得效果805分運(yùn)行狀況改善不明顯；不得分分20分機(jī)械卡澀〔操動(dòng)、傳動(dòng)〕；10分CarrierOverlaping-switchFrequencyoptionalPWMMethodForCascadedMultilevelInverterHongZheng,BaohuaZhu,HanghuiZhangandLingkuiChendept.ElectricalandInformationEngineeringJiangsuUniversityZhenjiang,ChinaAbstract—BasedontheanalysisofSHPWMmethod,weproposedanimprovedmodulationmethodsuitedforcascadedmultilevelinverterofthree-phasesystems,whichiscalledcarrieroverlapping-switchfrequencyoptional-pulsewidthmodulation(CO-SFO-PWM.Themethodcombinestheadvantagesofcarrieroverlappingandswitchfrequencyoptional,whichenablesittoincreasethefundamentalamplitudeoftheoutputlinevoltageandimprovetheutilizationratioofDCvoltage.Besides,thismethodallowstheoutputlinevoltagetohavebetterharmoniccharacteristics,andinparticular,significantlyimprovethedistortionratioofoutputlinevoltageatlowmodulation.ThispaperappliedCO-SFO-PWMmodulationtotheseven-levelcascadeinverter,andverifiedthecorrectnessandfeasibilityoftheCO-SFO-PWMmethodbyMATLABsimulationresults.Keywords-cascadedinverter;multilevel;CO-SFO-PWM;harmoniccharacteristics;Utilizationratioofvoltage;INTRODUCTIONRecently,multilevelinvertershavebeendrawinggrowingattentionduetoitshighvoltageoperatingcapability,possiblesuitabilityforhigh-powerapplicationsandadvantagesinEMIproblems.Themainpurposeofmultilevelinverteristoapproximatesinusoidalwaveformvoltageoutputwiththemethodofsuperimposingmultiplevoltagesteps.Therepresentativetopologiescanbedividedintothreetypes:neutralpointclampedinverter,flyingcapacitorsmultilevelinverterandcascadedH-bridgeinverter.Unliketheneutralpointclampedinverterandflyingcapacitorsinverter,cascadedH-bridgeinverterdoesnotneedanyclampdiodesorcapacitors.Itachieveshighvoltagebycascadingmultiplesingle-phaseconvertmodules.Theadvantagesofthistopologyarethatthecircuitcouldbemodularized,andtheleastnumberofcomponentsarerequiredamongallmultilevelinverterstoachievethesamenumberofvoltagesteps.ThedisadvantagesarethatalotofisolatedDCpowersourceareneeded.Forthesereasons,cascadedinverterismoreandmorepopularinhigh-powerapplication.PWMcontroltechniqueisthekeytechnologyofmultilevelconverter,ithaveadirectimpactonthevoltageoutputwaveformquality,thesystemlossreductionandefficiencyimprovement.ThispaperapplieddifferentPWMmodulationmethodstothesevenlevelsinverter.FirstweanalysetheSHPWM(SubharmonicPWMmodulationmethod,andpresentitsadvantagesanddisadvantages.Basedonthese,weproposeanimprovedPWMmodulationmethod,calledtheCarrierOverlapping-Switchfrequencyoptional-PulseWidthModulation(CO-SFO-PWM.ThesimulationresultsshowthatthismodulationmethodcanbelessharmonicratioandalsoenhancetheutilizationratioofDCvoltage.PRINCIPLEOFSHPWMANDCO-SFO-PWMPrincipleofSHPWMCascadedinverterwhichcomposedbyanumberofsingle-phaseH-bridgeinverterisoneofthemostwidelyusedtopologiesinhigh-powertransmissionsystem.Byconnectingtheoutputofeachpowerunitinseriesitcanreducethevoltageharmonic.Wecanseeatypical7-levelcascadeinverterinFig.1:Figure1.TopologyofCascade7-levelinverterTheSHPWMmodulationmethodisarelativelysimpleandmaturemethodforCascadedinverter.Itsadvantagesincludethelowcontentofoutputharmonic;itcanbeusedforanymultilevelinverterandimplementedeasily.Inaddition,itcanworkwithintheentiremodulationratio.Whiletheharmoniccharacteristicsarepoorwhenmaislowandthefundamentalvoltageamplitude1ABVissmall.Forthem-levelinverter,itneeds(m-1triangularcarrierswithexactlythesameamplitudeandfrequency.AsisshowninFig.2:2023InternationalConferenceonElectricalandControlEngineeringFigure2.SHPWMmodulationdiagramThetwocarrierwaveforms1crVand1crV?generatethegatesignalsofpowerdevices11Sand31SinunitH1,thetwocarrierwaveforms3crVand3crV?betweenthemareusedtogenerategatesignalsofpowerdevices13Sand33SinunitH3.Theremainingtwocarrierwaveforms2crVand2crV?areusedtogenerategatesignalofpowerdevices12Sand32SinunitH2.ForCarrierwaveforms1crV、2crVand3crVwhichabovethezeroreferenceline,whenthemodulationwaveformmVisgreaterthanthecorrespondingcarrierwaveforms,powerdevices11S、12Sand13SwillbeconductedForthecarrierwaveforms1crV?、2crV?and3crV?whichbelowthezeroreferenceline,powerdevices31S、32Sand33SwillbeconductedifthemodulationwaveformmVislessthanthecorrespondingcarrierwaveform.ThegatesignalsofthelowertwopowerdevicesarecomplementwiththegatesignalsoftheuppertwopowerdevicesineachH-bridgemodule.Modulationwaveformshaveaphasedifferenceof0120inthree-phasesystem,andthelinevoltageoutputis13-level.PrincipleofCO-SFO-PWMBasedontheSHPWMmethod,bycombiningthecarrieroverlappingPWMmethodandtheswitchingfrequencyoptionalPWMmethod,thispaperpresentsanimprovedPWMmodulationmethod,thisPWMmethodcalledCarrierOverlapping-Switchfrequencyoptional-PulseWidthModulation(CO-SFO-PWM,whichhasagoodperformanceatbothlowmodulationratioandhighmodulationratio.Thisapproachhasbeendescribedinothermultileveltopologyasin[6],theapplicationofCO-SFO-PWMmodulationmethodtothethree-levelNPC(NeutralPointClampinginverterresultsinasoundneutralpointcontrolandimprovedharmoniccharacteristicsoftheoutputlinevoltageatlowmodulationratio;In[7],theapplicationofthecarrieroverlappingPWMmethodtotheflying-capacitormultilevelinverternotonlymakesgoodusethefeatureofcarrieroverlapping,butalsobalancethevoltageofflyingcapacitor.However,there’sneverbeenanysubstantiveanalysisontheapplicationofCO-SFO-PWMmethodtocascademulti-leveloutputandthispapercentersontheanalysisandsimulationofapplyingthismodulationmethodtocascadedmultilevelinverter.Thismethodcanonlybeusedinthree-phasesystem,fortheinjectionofzerosequencecomponents.Thezerosequencecomponentsaretheaverageofthemaximumandminimumofthree-phasesinusoidalwaveformtransient.Therefore,modulationwaveformisusuallythewaveformthatthree-phasesinusoidalwaveformminusthezerosequencecomponents.Theinjectionofthezerosequencecomponentscannotbecounteractedwitheachotherinthesingle-phasesystem,sotheoutputofasingle-phasesystemhavethethirdharmonicwaveform,butthissituationwouldn’texistinthree-phasesystem.Zerosequencecomponentsandmodulationwaveisformulatedinthefollowing:max(,,min(,,2zeroVaVbVcVaVbVcV+=.(1aazeroVVV =?,bbzeroVVV?=?,cczeroVVV?=?.(2FromFig.3wecanseetheprincipleoftheCarrierOverlapping-Switchfrequencyoptional-PWM(CO-SFO-PWMmethod.Figure3.PrincipleofCO-SFO-PWMIfthecarrieramplitudevalueisV,theproportionthatthepartofoverlapbetweenthecarrierwaveformsaccountsforthetotalamplitudeofeachcarrierwillbeYandNisthenumberoflevels.*(1(21VVYNN+??=?.(3(1(1(2NVYNV??=?.(4ThispaperappliedthisPWMtothe7-levelinverter,soaccordingto(4theamountofoverlapbetweenthecarrierwaveformswillbeformulated:6*(15*VYV?=.(5ByadjustingtheamountofY-carrieroverlap,CO-SFO-PWMmodulationcanbeoptimized.Wecangetanoptimalcontroloftheoutputharmonicfeatureandvoltageamplitudeoffundamentalonconditionofdifferentmodulations.III.SIMULATIONRESULTSOnconditionofmf=21,DCpowersupplyforasingleH-bridgeis100V,thefrequencyofmodulatedwaveformis50HZ.ByusingMATLAB\Simulink,weobtainedtheTHDofoutputlinevoltageandfundamentalvoltageamplitude1ABVatdifferentmodulationratiosbySHPWMmethodandCO-SFO-PWMmethodrespectively,asitshownintable1,table2,andFig.4.Inadditionthroughsimulationweobtainedthewaveformoflinevoltageanditsspectrogramapplyingtheabovetwomethodsatmodulationratioma=0.3andma=0.9respectively,asitshowninFig5,6and7,8respectively.TABLEI.SHPWM-LINEVOLTAGEHARMONICSCHARACTERISTICSANDFUNDAMENTALAMPLITUDEmaTHD1/ABdVVTABLEII.OCO-SFOF-PWM-LINEVOLTAGEHCHARACTERISTICSANDFUNDAMENTALAMPLITUDEmaYTHD1/ABdVVFigure4.CO-SFO-PWMlinevoltageharmonicscharacteristicsandfundamentalamplitudeFromTable2and3wecanseethat:Whenthemodulationratiochanged,thevalueofYwhichcorrespondingtothesmallestharmonicdistortionrate%VABTHDisnotaconstant.Itdecreasegraduallywhenmodulationratiomaincrease,thatmeansthecarrierwaveformsamplitudevalueVwhichcorrespondingtothesmallest%VABTHDreducegradually.?ThevalueofYchangedslowlywhenmodulationratiomadecrease.ThatmeansthecarrierwaveformamplitudevalueVwhichcorrespondingtothesmallest%VABTHDreduceslowly.Fromtable1and2wecanseethat:underSHPWMmodulationthelinevoltageharmoniccharacteristicandfundamentalamplitudeimprovegraduallyasmodulationratioincrease,Whiletheharmoniccharacteristicsofthesystemisnotdesirableatlowmodulationratio.Inaddition,duetotheconstraintofthemodulationratio,insomecasewehavetoincreasethefundamentalvoltageamplitudeinordertoimprovetheutilizationratioofDCvoltage.ComparedwithSHPWMmodulation,CO-SFO-PWMmodulatorforthecascadedmulti-levelinverterhasthefollowingadvantages:?Carrieroverlapmethodcanoptimizeswitchutilizationratio,averagethecharacteristicsoftheswitchingloss,andensuretheimprovementoftheharmoniccharacteristics.?ByuseofSwitchfrequencyoptionalmethod,themodulationratiocanincreaseto1.15;Whenma=1.1,1ABdV;Whilema=1.15,1ABdV,theutilizationratioofDCvoltagewasimproved.?Underlowmodulationratio,duetothegreateruseofeachDCleveloftheH-bridgeunit,theinverterhasbetterharmonicfeatureandfundamentalvoltageamplitude;whileunderhighmodulationratio,itcanalsoensuretheutilizationratioofDCvoltageandtheharmoniccharacteristicshaveaslightimprovement.AsitshowninFig5,weobtainedthelinevoltagewaveformanditsspectrogramsincaseofma0.3byapplyingSHPWMmodulationmethod.Forthefigure6,thelinevoltagewaveformanditsspectrogramswereobtainedbyCO-SF0-PWMmodulationmethod,incaseofma=0.3,y=0.8.WecanseethatunderSHPWMmodulation,thelinevoltagepercentages.Figure5.ma=0.3linevoltageandspectrum(SHPWMFigure6.ma=0.3linevoltageandspectrum(CO-SFO-PWMIncaseofma=0.9,weobtainedthelinevoltagewaveformanditsspectrogramsbyuseofSHPWMmodulationmethod,asitshowninFig.7.ForFig.8,thelinevoltagewaveformanditsspectrogramswereobtainedbyCO-SFO-PWMmodulationmethodincaseofma=0.9,Y=0.4.Wecanseethat,comparedwithSHPWMmodulation,CO-SFO-PWMmodulationmethodcanenlargerthefundamentalvoltageamplitudeunderthesamemodulationandenabletheoutputlinevoltagetoincreasefrom11-levelto13-level.Inaddition,low-orderharmoniccharacteristicwithin20timeshaveimprovedbysome1percentage.Wecanseethat,theCO-SFO-PWMmethodcanimproveharmoniccharacteristic,particularlyatlowmodulationratio.Moreover,itcanincreaseDCvoltageutilizationandmeettheneedofmulti-levelinverteroutput.Figure7.ma=0.9linevoltageandspectrum(SHPWMFigure8.ma=0.9linevoltageandspectrum(CO-SFO-PWMIV.CONCLUSIONInthispaper,weproposedanimprovedmodulationmethodcalledcarrieroverlapping-switchfrequencyoptional-pulsewidthmodulation(CO-SFO-PWM,bytheanalysisandcomparisonwithSHPWMmodulation,forthree-phasesystemcascadedmultilevelinverter.ByuseofMATLAB\Simulinksimulation,thismodulationmethodenableustoobtainharmoniccharacteristicsoftheoutputlinevoltageandDCvoltageutilizationratiounderdifferentmodulationratio,andachieveopticalcontrolofoutputwaveformbyselectingtheamountofoverlapcarrieraccordingtodifferentmodulationratio.Finally,weobtainedtheoutputlinevoltagewaveformandtheirfrequencyspectrumsatthelowmodulationratioma=0.3andhighmodulationratioma=0.9respectively.Allthisprovedthat,bycombiningtheadvantagesofcarrieroverlappingandswitchoptimizing;CO-SF-PWMcouldincreasethefundamentalamplitudeoftheoutputlinevoltageandallowittohavebetterharmoniccharacteristics.Besidesthat,itrealizedbettermultileveloutputandachieveddesiredresults.REFERENCESM.BinWu,“High-PowerConvertersandACDri-vers,”Wiley-IEEEJ.MouzhiDong,BinW,etal.“ANovelDigitalModulationSchemeforMultilevelCascadedH-BridgeInverters,”SIEEE,1675-1680.A.XianglianXu,YunpingZou,KaiDing,andFeiLiu.“CascademultilevelinverterwithPhase-ShiftSPWManditsapplicationinSTATCOM,”The30thAnnualConferenceoftheIEEEIndustrialEl-ectronicsSociety,IEEE,1139-1143,2023.J.HongyanWang,RongxiangZhao,YanDeng,XiangningHe,“NovelCarrier-BasedPWMMethodsforMultilevelInverter,”IEEE:2777-2782.[5]J.KeithCorzine,YakovFamiliant,“ANewCa-scadedMultilevelH-BridgeDrive,”IEEETR-ANSACTIONSONPOWERELECTRONICS,17(1:125-131,2023.J.HuijieZhao,ZhaomingQian,JunLi,etal.“StudyofNeutral-PointPotentialBalancingControlofThree-levelNPCInverterbasedonInjectedZero-SequenceVoltagePWMMethod,”PowerElectronics,2023,41(3:28-30.J.WANGXiao-fengHEXiang-ningDENGYan,“PWMMethodswithCarrier-overlappingCharacteristicsinFlying-capacitorMultilevelInverters,”ChineseJournalofElectricalEngineering,IEEE,2023,27(4:98-102J.TolbertLM,FangZhengpeng,HabetlerTG,“MultilevelPWMmethodsatlowmodulationindices,”IEEETransactionsonPowerElectronic,2023,15(4:719-725.ACP-F型 浸水式冷卻泵率低且構(gòu)造緊湊，廣泛應(yīng)用于各種一般機(jī)床。安裝時(shí)，為了防止雜物混入使吸力降低，PUMP CASING底面和TANK底面間距離保證30mm以上。型號(hào)ACP-60FACP-100FACP-180FACP-180FACP-400F電機(jī)功率(Kw)相數(shù)?3?3?3?3?3級(jí)數(shù)22222電壓(V)200380200380200380200380200380頻率(Hz)50505050505050505050電流(A)流量(L/min)252537377575110110140140揚(yáng)程(m)22345出口口徑(Ps)3/8“3/8“1/2“3/4“1“凈重(kg)ACP-HF型 壓力浸水式冷卻泵,其泵體浸入油池中，無需額外的注油，故障率低且構(gòu)造緊湊，廣泛地用于各種機(jī)床。安裝時(shí)，為了防止雜物混入使吸力降低，PUMP CASING底面和TANK底面間距離保證30mm以上。ACP-180HF18ACP-180HF18、ACP-250HF18、ACP-400HF18、ACP-600HF18、25252828電機(jī)功率(Kw)電壓(V)200?32380200?32380200?32380200?32380頻率(Hz)電流(A)流量(L/min)50205020503050305040504050805080揚(yáng)程(m)出口口徑(Ps)91/2“93/4“101“101“凈重(kg)12/1319/20生產(chǎn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)電壓 200/220V、220/380V、220/440V。另外依據(jù)預(yù)定，可生產(chǎn)特別電壓。ACP-MF型 大流量多級(jí)浸水式冷卻泵精度、高性能的大型機(jī)床，可有效的沖凈切屑并冷卻加工件。TANK影響油溫的上升。安裝時(shí)，為了防止雜物混入使吸力降低，PUMP CASING底面和TANK底面距離保證30mm以上。型號(hào)

ACP-900MF

ACP-1500MF

ACP-2200MF

ACP-3700MF相數(shù)?3?3?3?3級(jí)數(shù)2222電壓(V)200380200380200380200380頻率(Hz)5050505050505050電流(A)揚(yáng)程(m)

160(50～280)10 10

260(50～340)10 10

300(50～340)10 10

325(50～340)10 10/出口口徑(Ps)凈重(kg)

2?“/1?“ 2?“/1?“ 2?“/1?“ 2?“/1?“ACP-BMF型 大流量多級(jí)浸水式冷卻泵精度、高性能的大型機(jī)床，可有效的沖凈切屑并冷卻加工件。降低，TANK的排出口和吸入口間設(shè)置過濾層，并PUMP CASING底面和TANK底面距離保證30mm以上。吸入側(cè)安裝PIPE時(shí)，只是PIPE局部浸入則啟動(dòng)時(shí)無法吸入，因此保證PUPM CASING的一段以上浸水。30秒以上的空轉(zhuǎn)。型號(hào)

ACP-1500BMF

ACP-2200BMF

ACP-3700BMF

ACP-5500BMF相數(shù)?3?3?3?3級(jí)數(shù)2222電壓(V)200380200380200380200380頻率(Hz)5050505050505050電流(A)揚(yáng)程(m)

300(50～530)10 10

400(50～530)10 10

450(50～530)10 10

480(50～530)10 10/出口口徑(Ps)凈重(kg)

2?“/2“ 2?“/2“ 2?“/2“ 2?“/2“生產(chǎn)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)電壓 200/220V、220/380V、220/440V。另外依據(jù)預(yù)定，可生產(chǎn)特別電壓。ACP-HMFS型 壓力多級(jí)浸水式冷卻泵高精度、高性能的大型機(jī)床，可有效的沖凈切屑并冷卻加工件。降低，TANK的排出口和吸入口間設(shè)置過濾層，并PUMP CASING底面和TANK底面距離保證30mm以上。吸入側(cè)安裝PIPE時(shí)，只是PIPE局部浸入則啟動(dòng)時(shí)無法吸入，因此保證PUPM CASING的一段以上浸水。30秒以上的空轉(zhuǎn)。型號(hào)

ACP-900HMFS30

ACP-900HMFS45

ACP-1500HMFS60相數(shù)?3?3?3級(jí)數(shù)電壓(V)200238020023802002380頻率(Hz)電流(A)505050505050揚(yáng)程(m)/出口口徑(Ps)凈重(kg)型號(hào)電機(jī)功率(Kw)

20(10～80)20 1?“/