第七章連詞初中知識回顧回顧一：并列連詞并列連詞表示并列、轉(zhuǎn)折或因果關(guān)系。這類連詞主要有and,or,either.…or,neither.…nor,but,for,so等。1.Hurryup,youcan'tcatchtheearlybus.A.so B.and C.or D.if回顧二：從屬連詞引導(dǎo)從句的從屬連詞主要有that,whether,if,when,where,sothat等。2.Wemustgetupearlywecancatchthefirstbustoschool.A.sothat B.suchthat C.inorderto D.inorder隨堂練習(xí)1.(湖南益陽,29)Thisdressisverybeautiful,itdoesn'tlookgoodonme.

A.for B.so C.but2.(北京,5)Thedoctorsworkedfortenhours,nobodytookabreak.

A.so B.for C.but D.or3.(內(nèi)蒙古包頭,34)It'snoteasytochangehabits,withstrongwillandself-control,itispossible.

A.for B.or C.but D.so4.(東營,18)Moreandmorechildrenareinterestedinblindboxestheywonderwhatisinside.

A.so B.because C.unless D.though4.(臨沂,20)Englishhasahistoryofover2,500years,thefirstEnglishdictionarydidn'tappearuntilthe17thcentury.

A.BecauseB.Although C.Unless5.(江蘇揚州,12)wealwayswaitforanotherday,fruitlesslyourlifewillpassaway.

A.Until B.If C.Although D.Whether6.(福建,33)Nowadaysyouaresupposedtohaveyourtemperaturetakenyouentertheschool.

A.before B.after C.until7.(甘肅武威,Ⅱ,15)youpracticeeveryday,youwon'tmakeanyprogress.

A.Although B.Unless C.If D.Since8.(天津,33)Mycousinbecameacountrydoctorhefinishedmedicalschool.

A.after B.sothat C.but D.so9.(濱州,27)Inmyopinion,ofallthebooks,thisistheonlyoneiswellworthreading.

A.who B.that C.whom D.what10.(湖南懷化,28)—Doyouknowthewomanwearsablueskirt?

—Oh,she'smyaunt.A.which B.who C.what高中知識銜接高中階段，我們要學(xué)習(xí)一些新的連詞以及短語，同時還要掌握一些意思相近的連詞的區(qū)別。知識一：evenif,eventhoughevenif引導(dǎo)的從句往往是假設(shè)性的，相當(dāng)于漢語的“即使”“縱然”“就算”“哪怕”。如：Formypart,Iplantogotothepartyevenifyoudecidenottogo.至于我，即使你決定不去參加晚會我也會去的。eventhough引導(dǎo)的從句內(nèi)容往往是真實的，主要用于引出不利于主句情況的信息，相當(dāng)于漢語的“盡管”“雖然”。如：Hewentouteventhoughitwasraining.盡管在下雨，他還是出去了。這樣用的eventhough與though或although的意思比較接近，許多時候可以互換（注意：英語可以說though和eventhough,但不能說evenalthough)。如：Eventhough[Though.,Although]wealltriedourbest.welostthegame.雖然我們已盡了最大的努力，但還是輸了。經(jīng)典例題Theengineersaresobusythattheyhavezerotimeforoutdoorsportsactivities,theyhavetheinterest.A.wherever B.whenever C.evenif D.asif知識二：before和since引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句的用法以及常見的幾個句型1.before作為連詞時的基本意義是“在……之前”，用于表示時間或順序。還可表示“過了多久才…”，說明主句的持續(xù)時間比較長而從句的動作緩緩來遲。也可表示從句動作還沒來得及發(fā)生或完成，主句動作就已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成了，意為“尚未……就”“沒來得及……就”，常用于beforesb.can/could.。如：HerushedoutoftheroombeforeIcouldsayaword.我還沒來得及說話，他就跑出了房間?！癐tis…before.…”句型的is后可接long或一段時間?？隙ň渥g為“過多久……才……”否定句譯為“沒多久……就…”。is可有各種時態(tài)變化或者可換為情態(tài)動詞等。2.若since引導(dǎo)的狀語從句的謂語動詞是終止性動詞（如go,come,leave,start,begin等）的過去時，則從句表示的時間是“從該動作開始的那一時刻起”。若since引導(dǎo)的狀語從句的謂語動詞是持續(xù)性動詞或表示狀態(tài)的靜態(tài)動詞（如live,stay,study,learn,smoke,be等）的過去時，則從句表示的時間是“從該動作或狀態(tài)的完成或結(jié)束時算起”。如：試比較：Hehaslivedheresincehiswifewasill.自從他妻子病愈以來，他就住在這里。（從句謂語為狀態(tài)動詞）Hehaslivedheresincehiswifefellill.自從他妻子生病以來，他就住在這里。（從句謂語為終止性動詞）Itis+段時間+since.…/Ithasbeen+段時間+since.…表示“自從……起已有多長時間了”。兩句型意思相同。經(jīng)典例題-Howlonghaveyoubeenstudyinginthisseniorhighschool?—Lessthantwoyearsandahalf.-Soitwillbehalfayearyougraduatefromthisschool.A.when B.after C.before D.since【引申】It'salreadytensofyearstheworld'spopulationreachedfivebillion.A.before B.after C.since D.that知識三：till和until的強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)till和until的意思基本相同，用法也基本一樣，但till不能用在句首，也不能用在not開頭的短語或從句里，而until可以。在這種情況下應(yīng)用倒裝語序。下列兩種強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)，只能用until.,不能用till:(1)Notuntil+時間狀語（從句）+主句的倒裝句(2)Itis(was)notuntil+時間狀語（從句）+that+主句ItwasnotuntilIsawMargaretnextmorningthatIfelthappy.直到第二天早晨見到瑪格麗特我才感到高興。Untilhecamehome,weknewthenews.在他到家之前，我們不知道這消息。Notuntilnineoclockyesterdayeveningdidwefinishthework.直到昨晚九點，我們才完成這項工作。經(jīng)典例題Itisdifficultforustolearnalessoninlifewe'veactuallyhadthatlesson.A.until B.after C.since D.when知識四：“疑問詞-ever”和“nomatter+疑問詞”引導(dǎo)從句的用法二者作“……都……；不管……都……”講，引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句可以互換。如：Whatever/Nomatterwhatyoumaysay,Ihavenoconcernwiththat.不管你說什么，我都和那件事無關(guān)?！皀omatter+疑問詞”結(jié)構(gòu)只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，而“疑問詞-ever”除了引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，還可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。如：Whateveryouhaveismine.你的東西都是我的。（不能改成nomatterwhat)經(jīng)典例題少Thelawyerseldomwearsanythingotherthanasuittheseason.A.whatever B.wherever C.whenever D.however【引申】1.hardyoutry,itisdifficulttoloseweightwithoutcuttingdowntheamountyoueat.A.However B.Whatever C.Whichever D.Whenever2.Toshowourrespect,weusuallyhavetotakeourglovesoffwearetoshakehandswith.A.whichever B.whenever C.whoever D.wherever知識五：where用法where引出的地點狀語從句除表示地點外，還可以指處境等。如：Itisyourfaultthatsheiswheresheis.她落得現(xiàn)在這樣的處境都是你的錯。經(jīng)典例題Bungeejumpingisasportapersonmakesaverticaljumpfromahighplatformwitharubbercordtiedtotheiranklessothattheybounce.A.which B.where C.what D.how【引申】You'dbetternotleavethemedicinekidscangetatit.A.evenif B.which C.where D.sothat思考總結(jié)連詞是短文改錯中常考的語法項目。它的考點在于：l.區(qū)別連詞since的含義，since既有“自從”的意思，也有“因為”的意思；2.not…until的用法；3.一些連詞的固定用法，如hardly.when,nosooner.…than;4.引導(dǎo)時間狀語時，when,as,while的區(qū)別。隨堂練習(xí)一．并列連詞Ⅰ.單句填空1.Adversity(逆境)canbeatyoudown,italsohastheabilitytomakeyoustronger.

2.Lifeisn’tperfectandit’salwayshard,weneedremindersinourlifefromafriend,author,blogger,pastororourinnerspirittomakeusfocusourattentiononthethingsthatmatterandmakeuslivepositively.

3.Butformany,loveisneitherthematter-of-coursechoicethepreferredone.

4.Smallamountsofcaffeine—acuptwoofcoffeeaday—seemsafeformostpeople.

5.Peopleinvitedustostay,andthankedus,wehadotherdeliveriesandhadtoleave.

6.“Inanerawhenyoungpeoplearesoeasilyattractedbysuperstars,Cocorevealstheemptinessofsuchadulation(吹捧),teachingkidstopreserverespectthememoryoftheirelders,”wrotereporterPeterDebruge.

Ⅱ.單句改錯7.Ican’trememberhowthetunegoes,soI’llrecognizeitwhenIhearit.

8.Althoughhislefthandwashurt,buthewashappytohavesavedthebird.

9.BecauseI’llseehimtomorrow,soIdon’tneedtoreturnhiscall.

10.Theartistwasbornpoor,butpoorheremainedallhislife.

二Ⅰ.單句填空1.myin-lawsnoddedandsmiled,Irecognizedthattheseexplanationswereapoorsubstitute.

2.Therefore,theyarereducedtogivingupanyrealisticresultsareachieved.

3.Idon’tlistentoEnglishmusicasfrequentlyIlistentoChinesemusic.

4.you’relookingatwallpaperorpaint,thetime,effortandrelativeexpenseputintoitareimportant.

5.However,there’sadebateontheweddingphotographsnogroom(新郎)canbefoundinthephotos.

6.therearemanypositivedevelopmentsassociatedwiththeInternet,therearealsocertainfearsandconcerns.

7.Talkingaboutfirescanbescarynoonelikestothinkaboutpeoplegettinghurtortheirthingsgettingburned.

8.TheGreatWallwindsitswayfromwesttoeast,acrossdeserts,overmountains,throughvalleysatlastitreachesthesea.

Ⅱ.單句改錯9.Inaddition,weneedtoimproveouroralEnglish.WhenwearealwayslearningEnglish,wemaynotbeabletomakeafluentspeech.Wecan’teasilycommunicatewithotherslikenativespeakers.

10.However,afterIgohiking,Imakesuretohaveallofthepropernecessities.Firstofall,Iwearproperclothingandhikingshoes.

三1.(北京,35)Iamnotafraidoftomorrow,IhaveseenyesterdayandIlovetoday.

2.(北京,25)Heisashyman,heisnotafraidofanythingoranyone.

題組三狀語從句1.(天津,13)Tomissoindependentthatheneveraskshisparents’opinionhewantstheirsupport.

2.(北京,2)wedon’tstopclimatechange,manyanimalsandplantsintheworldwillbegone.

3.(天津,4)Let’snotpickthesepeachesuntilthisweekendsotheygetsweetenoughtobeeaten.

4.(江蘇,29)youcansleepwell,youwilllosetheabilitytofocus,planandstaymotivatedafteroneortwonights.

5.(北京,25)birdsusetheirfeathersforflight,someoftheirfeathersareforotherpurposes.

6.(北京,28)Ifyoudon’tunderstandsomething,youmayresearch,study,andtalktootherpeopleyoufigureitout.

7.(江蘇,23)LocatedtheBeltmeetstheRoad,JiangsuwillcontributemoretotheBeltandRoadconstruction.

8.(北京,27)Mygrandfatherstillplaystennisnowandthen,he’sinhisnineties.

9.(北京,33)Ireallyenjoylisteningtomusicithelpsmerelaxandtakesmymindawayfromothercaresoftheday.

10.(天津,7)theaverageageofthepopulationincreases,therearemoreandmoreoldpeopletocarefor.

11.(浙江,5)onlineshoppinghaschangedourlife,notallofitseffectshavebeenpositive.

12.(北京,32)thedamageisdone,itwilltakemanyyearsforthefarmlandtorecover.

13.(江蘇,26)Itissocoldthatyoucan’tgooutsidefullycoveredinthickclothes.

14.(天津,12)Weneedtogettotherootoftheproblemwecansolveit.

15.(浙江,9)Justasinglewordcanchangethemeaningofasentence,asinglesentencecanchangethemeaningofaparagraph.

16.(安徽,23)scientistshavelearnedalotabouttheuniverse,thereismuchwestilldon’tknow.

17.(福建,31)thestudentscamefromdifferentcountries,theygotalongquitewellinthesummercamp.

18.(陜西,20)Ibelieveyouwillhaveawonderfultimehereyougettoknoweveryoneelse.

19.(四川,6)Thereisonlyonemoredaytogoyourfavoritemusicgroupplaylive.

四Therewasatime1IwastiredoflearningEnglishanddislikedspeakingEnglish.Andthiswasthereason2myfatherforcedmetojoinina30-daytraininginanEnglishclubbeforeIwenttoseniorhighschool.WhenIfirstcametotheclub,3Imetmanystrangers,Imissedmyparentsverymuch.SoIpackedupmythingsandwantedtogohome.Fortunately,myguide,4teacherwasYuMinhong,communicatedwithmefacetoface,from5Igainedsomeusefulinstructions.Healsointroducedagoodpartnertome,andwegotalongwellwitheachother.GraduallyIadaptedtothelifethere.EverydayIwouldtalktootherteenagersandsetdownaseriesofactivities6wedid.Ishouldbegratefultomyfatherandtheguide,7encouragedmetofallinlovewithEnglish.NowIfeelitinterestingtolearnEnglish,into8Iputmyentireenergy.EverydayIreadmywordsandpassagesaloud.InclassIjoininEngli