非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中考專題復(fù)習(xí)ZhongNanshantookthetraintoWuhantodiscoverhowtobesttreatpatientsandpreventthespreadofthecoronavirusonJanuary20th.疑問(wèn)詞+不定式作賓語(yǔ)不定式目的狀語(yǔ)定義非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞：指在句中不能充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)，沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化，而只能充當(dāng)其語(yǔ)法功能的動(dòng)詞。

動(dòng)詞不定式Iwanttoseeyouthisafternoon.Haveyoufinisheddoingyourhomework?動(dòng)名詞I’veknowntheboynamedMikewell.分詞主要有三種形式：動(dòng)名詞、動(dòng)詞不定式和分詞?？键c(diǎn)聚焦一、動(dòng)名詞(v-ing)1.作主語(yǔ)

Sayingtoomuchisuseless.2.作表語(yǔ)

HisjobisteachingChineseinaschool.3.作賓語(yǔ)

Maryfinishedreadingthenovellastnight.4.作定語(yǔ)

Weneedawashingmachine.1.動(dòng)名詞的功能：主語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)喜歡(enjoy)不斷(keep)提建議(suggest)；想要(feellike)介意(mind)已完畢(finish)；忍不住(can’thelp)去練習(xí)(practice)。2.只能跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞：1.Weallenjoy________(listen)tomusic.Itmakesusrelaxed.2.—Alex,wouldyoumind_________(turn)downthemusic?It'stoonoisy.—Sorry,dad,I'lldoitrightaway.3.Theseforeignersarepracticing__________(speak)Chinese.listeningturningspeaking+doingadmit承認(rèn)avoid避免consider考慮imagine想象miss錯(cuò)過(guò)

bebusy...忙于be/getusedto...習(xí)慣于beworth..值得can'thelp...情不自禁devoteto...致力于

giveup...放棄keepon...繼續(xù)payattentionto...注意succeedin...成功lookforwardto...盼望spendtime(in)doing花費(fèi)時(shí)間做stop/preventsb.fromdoingsth防止/阻止某人作某事

havefun/trouble/problem/difficulty(in)...有樂(lè)趣/麻煩/問(wèn)題/困難常跟動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)詞和短語(yǔ)(v.+doing)+doing--Whywereyouangrywithyourdaughter?--Shewasbusy____________(text)andtakingselfies(自拍）whenIwastalkingtoher.texting

中考鏈接解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意“你為什么生你女兒的氣？”“我和她說(shuō)話的時(shí)候，她只顧發(fā)短信和自拍?！眀ebusydoingsth.忙于做某事，固定短語(yǔ)。所以答案是texting.Mr.SigmundFriendisusedto_______________(處理)withallkindsofproblems.dealing/doing

解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。西格蒙德弗萊德先生習(xí)慣于處理各種問(wèn)題。beusedtodoingsth意為“習(xí)慣于做某事”，其中的to是介詞，后接動(dòng)詞-ing形式,作介詞賓語(yǔ)；dealwith=dowith意為“處理”。中考鏈接二、動(dòng)詞不定式（to+do）(2)作表語(yǔ)

Agoodwaytotrainthebrainistodosomemathexerciseseveryday.

（1）作主語(yǔ)Tolearnsciencewellisdifficultforus.=Itisdifficultforustolearnsciencewell.1.動(dòng)詞不定式的功能（3）作賓語(yǔ)Itwassunnyandhot,sowedecidedtogotothebeachnearourschool.賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)形式主語(yǔ)真正主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)（5）作定語(yǔ)Ihavealotofbookstoread.（6）作狀語(yǔ)Paulistooexcitedtosayanything.Theyalsolookforwaystoreviewwhattheyhavelearned.I'msorrytohearthatyourmotherisill.定語(yǔ)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)目的狀語(yǔ)原因狀語(yǔ)（4）作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)Theteacheraskedustoturnoffthelights.賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)2.常跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞/短語(yǔ)（v.+todo）afford負(fù)擔(dān)得起agree同意arrange安排attempt企圖choose選擇dare敢于decide決定expect期望

fail失敗happen碰巧hope希望learn學(xué)習(xí)manage設(shè)法need需要offer提供plan計(jì)劃

prefer更喜歡prepare準(zhǔn)備pretend假裝promise承諾refuse拒絕wish希望wouldlike

/want想要3.常跟動(dòng)詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞（v.+sb.+todo）advise建議allow允許ask要求expect期望

force強(qiáng)迫persuade說(shuō)服teach教tell告訴

want想要invite邀請(qǐng)help幫助（to常被省略）4.固定用法/句型（1）too...to...太...而不能...（2）enoughto...足夠...（3）prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.寧愿做某事而不愿做某事（4）It'sone'sturntodosth.輪到某人做某事（5）Ittakes/tooksb.sometimetodosth.花費(fèi)某人...時(shí)間做某事（6）It's+adj.+for/ofsb.todosth.做某事對(duì)于某人來(lái)說(shuō)很.../某人做某事真的是太...了高頻考點(diǎn)consider,decide,explain,findout,know,learn,wonder等。Idon’tknowwhentoleaveforLondon.

1.疑問(wèn)詞who,what,which,when,where,whether,how后可加動(dòng)詞不定式，在句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)等。賓語(yǔ)歸納拓展高頻考點(diǎn)Ifinditdifficulttofinishtheworkinthreedays.2.動(dòng)詞find,feel,make,think等后面，可以用it作形式賓語(yǔ)，代替真正的賓語(yǔ)“動(dòng)詞不定式”。句式結(jié)構(gòu)：…feel/find/make/thinkit+adj./n.+todosth.真賓語(yǔ)形式賓語(yǔ)歸納拓展四“看”：lookat,observe,see,watch；三“讓”：have,let,make；二“聽(tīng)”：hear,listento；一“感覺(jué)”：feel；一“注意”：notice。3.動(dòng)詞不定式作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)里不帶to，但在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)里帶to的動(dòng)詞：Hemademestandfortwohours.→Iwasmadetostandfortwohours.

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，動(dòng)原動(dòng)詞不定式高頻考點(diǎn)歸納拓展4.動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)表示某次具體的活動(dòng)或行為；動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)表示動(dòng)作的經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性。既能帶動(dòng)詞不定式，也能帶動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：rememberdoingsth.記得做過(guò)某事forgettodosth.忘了去做某事stoptodosth.停下來(lái)去做某事trytodosth.盡力做某事remembertodosth.記得去做某事forgetdoingsth.忘了做過(guò)某事stopdoingsth.停止做某事trydoingsth.嘗試做某事高頻考點(diǎn)歸納拓展1.ThegovernmentsetupLeiShenShanHospitalandHuoShenShanHospital______(help)besttreatthepatientswithnewcoronavirus.2.MissChen,mydearEnglishteacher,oftenencouragesme________(face)thechallengesinmystudy.3.Mrs.Greenrefuses______(eat)sweetfood.Shedoesn'twanttogetfat.4.ThousandsofmedicalworkerswenttoWuhan_______(fight)againstthenewcoronavirus.中考鏈接tohelptoface賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)目的狀語(yǔ)toeat作賓語(yǔ)tofight目的狀語(yǔ)5.—Listen!Whoissinginginthenextroom?—ItmustbeSally.Ioftenhearher________there.A.singing B.sings C.tosing D.sing解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：—聽(tīng)，誰(shuí)正在隔壁唱歌？—一定是薩莉。我經(jīng)常聽(tīng)見(jiàn)她在那里唱歌。often“經(jīng)常”。hear后加省略to的動(dòng)詞不定式，作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，意為“聽(tīng)見(jiàn)某人做某事”，強(qiáng)調(diào)經(jīng)常做或是做某事的過(guò)程。答案：D中考鏈接三、分詞分詞包括兩種：1.現(xiàn)在分詞（v-ing）2.過(guò)去分詞（v-ed）分詞的功能如下：1.作定語(yǔ)HeistheboycalledTom.Themanstandingthereisourteacher.2.作表語(yǔ)Thestoryisinteresting.Heisinterestedinmusic.3.作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)

Iheardhimsinginginthenextroom.Hegot/hadhiscarrepairedyesterday.過(guò)去分詞動(dòng)賓關(guān)系現(xiàn)在分詞主謂關(guān)系性質(zhì)、特性狀態(tài)現(xiàn)在分詞主謂關(guān)系過(guò)去分詞動(dòng)賓關(guān)系WhenIwalkedpasttheparkyesterdaymorning,Isawsomewomen_________(dance)there.dancing解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：昨天上午，當(dāng)我走過(guò)公園的時(shí)候，看見(jiàn)一些婦女正在那兒跳舞。seesbdoingsth.“看見(jiàn)某人正在做某事”。由題干中的WhenIwalkedpastthepark“當(dāng)我走過(guò)公園的時(shí)候”，可知強(qiáng)調(diào)某一時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，所以應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞，作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。

中考鏈接Heexplainedagainandagaininordertomakewhathedid________.A.understand B.understoodC.tounderstand D.understanding解析：考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：他反復(fù)解釋，為的是讓人理解他的所作所為。賓語(yǔ)部分whathedid和選項(xiàng)中的動(dòng)詞存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞。make…done意為“使……被……”，過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。中考鏈接make...done使...被...書面表達(dá)

一個(gè)月前，在武漢出現(xiàn)了一種新型的冠狀病毒，所有中國(guó)人都投入到抗擊病毒的疫情之中。請(qǐng)以“Howdowekeepourselvessafefromthenewcoronavirus?”為題寫一篇短文介紹我們?nèi)绾芜h(yuǎn)離新型冠狀病毒。1.wearmasks（口罩）outdoors.2.coveryourcoughsandsneezes（噴嚏）withtissue（紙巾）.3.washyourhandsfrequentlyandproperly.4.strengthenyourimmunesystem（增強(qiáng)免疫力）andexerciseregularly.Afteranew-typecoronaviruswasdetectedinWuhanamonthago,allthepeopleinChinahavetofightagainstthevirus.Topreventcatchingtheinfection,here'swhatwecando.First,______________________________________________—————————————————————————————————————————————————Howdowekeepourselvessafefromthenewcoronavirus?Afteranew-typecoronaviruswasdetectedinWuhanamonthago,allthepeopleinChinahavetofightagainstthevirus.Topreventcatchingtheinfection,here'swhatwecando.

First,wethinkwearingamaskisoneofthemosteffectivewaystoprotectusfromgettinginfected.Sowearesuretowearthemaskoutdoors.Second,wehadbettercoverourmouthandnosewith