2022北京朝陽高三二模

英語

2022.5

本試卷共10頁?？忌鷦?wù)必在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答，在試卷上作答無效。

第一部分知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，30分）

第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）

閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂

黑。

Oleita,a26-year-oldenvironmentalistfromDetroit,thinksshemayhaveapartialsolutionfortwoproblems:garbageand

poverty.It'scalledtheChipBagProject.Sheisencouragingsnackloverstodonatetheir1chipbagsratherthanthrow

themaway,soshecanturnthemintosleepingbagsforthehomeless.

TheideacametoOleitatwoyearsagowhenshecameacrossawomaninEngland2viewershowtoputchipbags

togethertomakesleepingbagsonFacebook.3shedecidedtousethatvideoasablueprinttostarttheChipBagProject.

Oleitaandhervolunteersgetchipbagsofallbrandsandsizes.Aftercleaningtheminsoapyhotwater,they4them

open,laythemflatandironthemtogether.Theyusethematerialfromoldcoatsto5theinsides.Eachsleepingbag

requires150chipbagsandtakesaroundfourhourstocomplete.

Since2020,theprojecthas6morethan800,000chipbagsand,asoflastDecember,created110sleeping

bags.Sure,itwouldbesimplerto7moneytobuynewsleepingbags.

ButthatHsnotenough."Wearecommittedtoproviding8forthoseinneed,makinganimpactnotonlysocially,but

environmentally,Oleitasays.

And,ofcourse,there'sthesymbolismofrecyclingbagsthatwould9landinthetrashandusingthemtohelpthe

homeless.Ifsapowerfulreminderthatpollutionandpovertyoftengohandinhand.AsOleitasaid,“Ithinkifstimeto

show10betweenalloftheseissues.”

1.A.cleanB.specialC.emptyD.new

2.A.showingB.askingC.sendingD.observing

3.A.AstonishedB.InspiredC.DisappointedD.Embarrassed

4.A.pushB.sliceC.knockD.swing

5.A.decorateB.matchC.adjustD.cover

6.A.purchasedB.soldC.collectedD.produced

7.A.raiseB.borrowC.earnD.save

8.A.relaxationB.innovationC.instructionD.relief

9.A.stillB.almostC.hardlyD.otherwise

10.A.conflictsB.similaritiesC.connectionsD.distinctions

第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）

閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用

括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。

A

Yearsago,IwasinManhattantovisitmybrother.Stoppingatapayphonetocallhim,Ireachedintomywalletfora

pieceofpaperwithhisnumberonit.Later,whenIgottomybrother'splace,hetoldmeawomanjustcalledhim,sayingshe

11(find)awallet.Butshedidn'tfindanything12couldshowtheowner'sidentificationbutthephonenumber

inside.Knowingshe13(wait)atabarnearthepayphone,Iburnedoverandfoundmyhero."MayIbuyyoua

drink?”Iasked.uNo,thanks,“shesaid,handingmemywallet.

B

Weknowthat14(get)somefreshaircanbeamoodlifter,butnowaGermanstudygivesusinsightinto

why.Whenresearchersexaminedparticipants'brains,theydiscoveredthatthosewhospentmoretimeoutsidehadalarger

volumeofgraymatterintherightprefrontalcortex-theareainvolvedinplanningthoughtsandactions.Ofcourse,getting

outsidecoulddomoregoodthanamoodshift15earlierstudieshavefoundthatlessprefrontalgraymatterislinkedto

depression.Therefore,makeitagoal16(spend)atleastonehouroutsideeveryday.

C

Anewstudy,17(lead)byWellesleyCenters,foundthatjoiningsocialmediabeforeage11wassignificantly

relatedtomoretcproblematicdigitalbehaviors”，comparedtothosewhojoinedtheplatformswhentheywereolder.Kids

whojoinedsocialmediabeforeage11seemed18(easily)distractedandmoreunsympathetic.However,theyshowed

greaterengagementwithintheonlinecommunity.Thegoodnewsisthatparentsplayanactiveroleandkidsshowed

lessenednegativeeffects19parentalcontrols.WithstrongeffectsoftheInternet,wecanexpectthattheneedtounderstand

20technologyshapeskidsintheiryoungageswillbecomemoreurgent.

第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)

第一節(jié)(共14小題；每小題2分，共28分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

A

SummerofKidsPost2022continueswithourreaderssharingtheirsummervacationadventures.Thisweek'sedition

featuresnationalparksandanoldrailroadtunnel(隧道)。

MoubonKurukumbi,13,andMasoomKurukumbi,10,ofFairfaxvisitedWashingtonstate.Theyhikedinthree

nationalparks:NorthCascades,MountRainierandOlympicNationalPark.WhileonHunicaneRidgeMountaininOlympic

NationalPark,MoubonandMasoomwereapproachedbyseveralblack-taileddeer.

NathanHoward,8,ofAshburnvisitedtheSmokyMountainsNationalParkinNorthCarolinaand

Tennessee.Nathanhiked,playedinstreamsandsawtwobears.Heisajuniorrangerandwantstobearangertolookafter

theSmokyMountainsNationalParkwhenhegrowsup.

BellaLamb,13,AriLamb,8,ofVirginiaBeach,andVioletLamb,9,ofCentrevillevisitedtheClaudiusCrozet

BlueRidgeTunnelinRockfishGap,Virginia.Thehistoricrailroadtunnelwasbuiltinthe1850s.Theywalkedthroughthe

tunnelwithflashlightswhileenjoyingthecoolertemperatures.

Weexpectmoreofourreaderstoincludeusintheirsummervacations,sotakeapageofKidsPostandsharethe

fun.Wellfeatureaselectionofreaders'photosintheprintKidsPostandonkidspost.comthissummer.In

September,threerandomlyselectedparticipantswillreceivebooksandKidsPostpresents.Herearetherules：

?GetarecentcopyoftheprintedKidsPostorprintoutapageonline(wapo.st/kidspost2022PDF)。Takeitonyour

vacation.

?Getsomeonetotakeaphotoofyou-andbrothers,sistersorotherfamilymembersholdingKidsPost.Makesureatleast

onepersoninthephotoisbetweentheagesof5and13.

?Haveaparentfillouttheentryformatwapo.st/summerofkidspost.2022andattachyourphoto.Listthefull

name,ageandhometownofeveryoneinthephotoandexplainwhereyouareandwhat'sgoingon.

?Familiescansubmitonlyonephoto,anditmusthavebeentakenafterMay23,2022.

EntriesareduebySeptember1.

Formoreinformation,pleasevisitkidspost@washpost.com.

21.Fromthepassageweknowthat.

A.BellaandArihikedinthreenationalparks

B.Violetsawblack-taileddeerinOlympicNationalPark

C.MoubonandMasoomwalkedthroughanoldrailroadtunnel

D.NathanspottedbearsattheSmokyMountainsNationalPark

22.Ifkidswanttogetachanceofreceivingbooksandpresents,theyneedto.

A.filloutthepaperentryform

B.takee-KidsPostontheirvacation

C.submittheentriesbeforeMay23,2022

D.sendaphotoofthemselvesholdingKidsPost

23.WhydoesKidsPostholdthesummeradventuresharingactivity?

A.Tofuelkids'passionfbrphotography.

B.Toinspireasenseofadventureinkids.

C.Toattractmorekids'attentiontothenewspaper.

D.Torecommendtouristdestinationsforkids'vacation.

B

Harvest

Tabbywalkedonherwaytoschool.Shefeltasenseofanticipationbecausethisyearshewouldbeoneofthe

graduatesbeinghonoredatthetownfestival.

Thesedays,shewaswaitingtohearbackaboutanadmissionapplicationshesenttohertop-choicecollege.Ithadthe

programthatshewasmostexcitedabout.Todayshestayedlateatschooltogetfeedbackonanothercollegeessayfrom

Ms.Mueller,herhighschoolteacher.Ms.MuellertoldTabbythatheressaywasverymovingandthatsheknewTabby

wouldmissherhometown,butherdegreewouldbeworthit.Tabbyrespondedgratefully.

Onthewayhome,thesightofthefestivaldecorationsmadeherfeelguilty.Sheknewthatmostofherclassmatescould

happilyenjoythefestivalknowingthattheywouldbegoingontodoexactlywhatwasexpectedofthem-carryingonthe

town'straditionsbystayingclosetofamilyandfarm.Spendingmanyyearsatalargeuniversityinacitysomewherefar

fromhomewasn'tsupposedtobepartoftheirplan.

WhenTabbygothome,herfamilywaspreparingpackageswithhomemadecookiestosellatthefestival.

“Let'smakeanassemblyline（流水線），“saidTabby.

“Alwaystryingtoimprovetheprocess,aren'tyou?nherbrotherlaughed.Tabbyknewwhathewasreferringto.Last

summer,Tabbydiscoveredatechniqueforimprovinggrainstoragewithoutcostlyequipment,whichwasadoptedbylocal

farmers.

Aftercompletingpacking,Tabbywenttoherroom.Onherbed,shesawalargeenvelopefromthecollegeshewas

waitingtohearfrom.Shehadbeenacceptedintothefamouscollege-theonewiththeworld-renownedagriculturalscience

program!

ThefirstpersonTabbysharedthenewswithwashergrandfather.Hegaveherabighug."Iguessmyscientistgirl

stillhasfarmingintheblood,"hesaid."Yes!AndIwillcomebackanddosomeresearchrighthereinafewyears,"she

said."Well,thisoldfarmcouldcertainlyusesomeimprovements!I'mproudofyou,Tabby!”hesaid.

24.WhydidTabbystaylateatschool?

A?Togetadviceonhercollegeessay.B.Tosaygoodbyetoherteacher.

C.Toexpressherthankstoherhighschool.D.Towaitforheradmissionletter.

25.Tabbyfeltguiltybecauseshe,

A.failedtoliveuptoherteachefsexpectations

B.skippedoutonhelpingsetupthedecorations

C.plannedonleavingtopursueahighereducation

D.couldnotassistherclassmatestogetintocollege

26.Accordingtothepassage,Tabbywillprobably?

A.contributetothefarminginherhometown

B.chooseafamouscollegeclosetoherhome

C.adopthergrandfathersadvicetobeascientist

D.applyherknowledgetocollegeagricultureprojects

Millionsofmigratory（遷徙的）birdsoccupyseasonallyfavorablebreedingperegrinefalcon（繁

殖）groundsintheArctic,butscientistsknowlittleabouttheformation,maintenance

futureofthemigrationroutesofArcticbirdsandthegeneticdeterminantsof

migratorydistance.Inanewstudy,amultinationalteamofresearchersunderthe

leadershipofDr.ZHANXiangjiangfromtheInstituteofZoologyoftheChineseAcademy

ofSciencesintegratedtwostate-of-the-arttechniques-satellitetrackingandwholegenome

sequencing（基因用F序）-andestablishedacontinental-scalemigrationsystemofperegrinefalconsinEurasianArctic.

Theresearcherstracked56peregrinefalconsfromsixEurasianArcticbreedingpopulationsandsequenced35genomes

fromfourofthesepopulationstostudythemigrationofthisspecies.Theyfoundthatthebirdsusedfivemigrationroutes

acrossEurasia,probablyestablishedbetweenthelastIceAge22,000yearsagoandthemiddle-Holocene6,000years

ago.''PeregrinefalconsinitiatedtheirautumnmigrationmainlyinSeptember,andarrivedattheirwinteringareasmainlyin

October,“saidProfessorMikeBruford,anecologistatCardiffUniversity."Peregrinefalconsthatdepartfromdifferent

breedinggroundsusedifferentroutes,andwinteratwidelydistributedsitesacrossfourdistinctregions.Individualbirdsthat

weretrackedformorethanoneyearexhibitedstrongpathrepeatabilityduringmigration,completeloyaltytowintering

locationsandlimitedbreedingdispersal（擴(kuò)散）?！?/p>

Theresearchersquantifiedthemigrationstrategiesandfoundthatmigrationdistanceisthemostsignificant

differentiation.Theyusedwholegenomesequencingandfoundagene-ADCY8?whichisknowntobeinvolvedinlong-

termmemoryinotheranimalsinpreviousresearch-associatedwithdifferencesinmigratorydistance.TheyfoundADCY8

hadavariantathighfrequencyinlong-distancemigrantpopulationsofperegrinefalcons,indicatingthisvariantisbeing

favorablyselectedbecauseitmayincreasepowersoflong-termmemorythoughttobeessentialforlong-distance

migration.

''Previousstudieshaveidentifiedseveralcandidategenomicregionsthatmayregulatemigration-butourworkisthe

strongestdemonstrationofaspecificgeneassociatedwithmigratorybehavioryetidentified,"ProfessorBrufordsaid.The

researchersfurtherlookedatmodelsoflikelyfuturemigrationbehaviortopredicttheimpactofglobalwarming.Ifthe

climatewarmsatthesamerateasithasinrecentdecades,theypredictperegrinepopulationsinwesternEurasiahavethe

highestprobabilityofpopulationdeclineandmaystopmigratingaltogether.

“Ourworkisthefirsttobegintounderstandthewayecologicalfactorsmayinteractinmigratorybirds,"said

Dr.ZHANXiangjiang."Wehopeitwillserveasacornerstonetohelpconservemigratoryspeciesintheworld.”

27.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?

A.Fivebirdsrhistoricalmigrationrouteswererebuilt.

B.Peregrinefalconssticktotheareaswheretheywinter.

C.Twonovelresearchmethodsofmigrationwereinvented.

D.PeregrinefalconsleaveforArcticregionsinSeptember.

28.WhatcanweinferaboutADCY8?

A.Itisanewly-discoveredgeneinthenewstudy.

B.Itservesasafundamentalpartoflong-distancemigration.

C.Itcouldbestrengthenedbythepoweroflong-termmemory.

D.Itturnedouttobemorefavoredbybirdsthantheotheranimals.

29.Whatisspecialaboutthenewstudy?

A.Ithasdiscoveredanewgenomicregionofbirds.

B.Ithaspredictedtherateatwhichtheclimatewarms.

C.Itanalysesthereasonsforthedecreaseofperegrinefalcons.

D.Itencouragesattentiontoenvironmentaleffectsonmigratorybirds.

30.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?

A.ResearchersHelpConserveMigratorySpecies

B.BiologistsFindEvidenceofMigrationGeneinBirds

C.HowLong-termMemoryHelpsLong-distanceMigration

D.HowEcologicalFactorsAffectBirds'MigratoryDistances

D

Oneofthegreatthingsaboutpicturesisthattheymakenodemandsonyou.Youcanlookaslongasyoulikeandwalk

awayatanytime.There'safreedominthearrangementthat'sdifferentfromgoingtothemovies,concertsorthe

theater.Occasionally,peoplealwayssaytheyfeelintimidatedbyart.Ontheonehand,!getit.Someintheart

world,wantingtoestablishtheirauthority,fallbackonabstractionstocreateazoneofexclusion.Itcanbeinsufferable.But

ontheotherhand,whatfielddoesn'tseeaversionofthisphenomenon?Haveyoutriedunderstandingcellularbiology?

Contractlaw?Inmyexperience,thereislessofthiscomplextalkaroundartthanaroundmostotherfields.

Artisawidefield.It'sdeep.It'sdiverse.Youcancomeatthesubjectfromcountlessangles.Peopleseemtohave

beenmakingartsincethebeginning,sothesubjectisaninseparablepartofthewholehistoryofhumanity.Soyesjhingscan

getcomplicated.But,intheend,we'retalkingaboutpicturesandsculptures.Howhardisittolookatapainting?How

difficultisittowalkaroundasculpture?Childrengetitimmediately.Theyknowthere'snorightorwrongwhenitcomes

tolookingatart.Therearejustthingstonotice,totestagainstourimperfectsenseofthetruth,andtofoldintoourvarious

conceptionsofbeauty.Thingswenoticemaycausefeelings.Theymayleadtoideas.Theymightequallyprovidea

releasefromideas—areleaseintowonder,andintonewkindsofawarenessconnectedtoyourbody,yoursenses,andyour

generalstateofexistentialconfusion.WhatInoticewillbedifferentfromwhatyounotice.That*showitgoeswithart.

Morethanthepoliticaloreconomicconditionsofanygivenera,itisartthatlatergenerationsmostwantto

remember.WerememberPicassoandMatissewithmorelovethanGeneralFranciscoFrancoorMarshallPetain.Andwe

remembertheBeatlesandFrancisBaconoverthechiefministersofBritaininthe1960s.That'sbecausethearts-andI

definethetermasbroadlyaspossible—revealthebestofus.It'sbecausetheycombinethemostintelligentandthemost

feelingofus.Theytestify,mostfundamentally,tothefactthatwe'realive,thatpeoplelivedbeforeus,thatasaspecieswe're

capableofmakingthemostextraordinarythings,andthathumanconsciousnessandtheworldbeyonditarenothingshortof

astonishing.

Againandagain,artexpressesthatastonishment-thatmixtureofwonderanddisappointment,knowingand

unknowing,pleasureandpain,joyandfear.

31.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordnintimidatedninParagraph1probablymean?

A.Misled.B.Inspired.C.Frightened.D.Attracted.

32.Whatisthemainideaofthefirsttwoparagraphs?

A.Artiscomplicatedbuteasy.

B.Artisascomplexasotherfields.

C.Artisinsufferableduetoitsabstraction.

D.Artisaninseparablepartofhumanhistory.

33.WhydoestheauthormentionseveralfamouspeopleinParagraph3?

A.Toemphasizeartistsaremoreadorable.

B.Toillustratethesuperiorpositionofart.

C.Toshowartcanspreadinabroaderarea.

D.Tocomparepoliticalandartisticfigures.

34.Accordingtothepassage,theauthormayagreethat.

A.abstractconceptscanblockhumans'insights

B.artisacombinationofunsettledcontradictions

C.humansshouldtrytoperfecttheirthoughtsofbeauty

D.theappealofartliesinitsreflectionofthebestofman

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩

項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Inrecentyearstheterm€lsocialdistancingMhasbeenatthecenterofpublicconversation.Butifsnof'social^distancebut

physicalseparationthatwearetryingtopromote.Preservingsocialties-evenatadistance-isessentialfbrbothmentaland

physicalhealth.

35Moderntechnologyhasprovideduswithmanytools.Notalltoolspromotesocialconnection

equally,however.Andoftensuchseeminglysmallchoicescanmakeabigdifferencebetweenstrengtheningstrongersocial

connectionsandgivingintogrowingsocialdistance.

36Whenpeopleoverestimatethecostsorunderestimatethebenefitsofvoice-basedcommunication,itcancreatea

misplacedbias（偏見）fortext—basedmedia.Inoneexperiment,wetestedwhetherthemediathroughwhichpeople

interactaffecttheirsenseofconnection-andhowexpectationsaboutcertaintechnologiesimpactthecommunicationmedia

theychoosetouse.Althoughvoice-basedinteractionssuchasphonecalls）canproducestrongerconnections,text-based

mediasuchase-mails）areoftenpreferred.

Weaskedparticipantstoconnectwithsomeonethattheyhadn'tinteractedwithrecently,eitherthroughe-mailorover

thephone.37Theygenerallyassumedthatthey'dfeelmoreconnectedwheninteractingoverthephonethanovere-

mail.Buttheyalsopredictedthattalkingonthephonecouldbemoreuncomfortablethandashingoffane-mail.Although

theseparticipantsbelievedthattalkingencouragedstrongerbonds,mostofthemsaidthey'drathersendane-mailthancallthe

personup.Fearsaboutawkwardnesspushindividualstowardtext-basedmethodsforcommunicating.

38Thenwefollowedupwiththemaftertheyhaddoneso.Asexpected,wefoundthatpeopledidformmeaningfully

strongerbondswheninteractingoverthephonethanovere-mail.Moreimportantly,though,therewasnodifferenceinthe

amountofdiscomfortwhenreconnectingonthephone.Thehumanvoiceappearstoprovidebenefitsforconnection.

Ourworksuggeststhatfeelingsofsocialconnectionareapparentlyfacilitatedbyone*svoiceratherthantheir

keyboard.39

A.Sothenexttimeyouthinkabouthowbesttoconnect,considercalling.

B.Weagainhadparticipantsactuallyconnectusingeithere-mailorphone.

C.Participantsfirstpredictedwhatitwouldbeliketogetintouchinthesetwoways.

D.Whentheyinteractonthephone,theyfindtheyaremoreconnectedthaninreallife.

E.Thosemodesofcommunicationareperfectchoicesatthetimeofphysicaldistancing.

F.Thenhowmightwebeststayconnectedtootherswhilemaintainingphysicaldistance?

G.Decisionsonhowtoconnecttendtobebasedonexpectationsofpotentialprosandconsoftheinteraction.

第三部分書面表達(dá)（共兩節(jié)，32分）

第一節(jié)（共4小題；第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分）

閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡指定區(qū)域作答。

Don'tputyourelbows（肘）onthetable.Thesoupspoonshouldneverbeputintothemouth.Thesearesomeofthe

examplesoftablemanners.Theyshowthewaypeoplebehavewhileeatingameal.Actually,everyfamilyfollowstable

mannersinitsownway.Eveninfamilieswherenoonementionselbows,therearealwaysbehaviourstakingeffectwhen

sharingmeals.

Interestinglydifferentcultureshavedifferentthoughtsontablemanners-elbowsonthetable,forexample,isvery

British.Somecountriesthinkburping（打嗝）afteramealisasignthatitwasdelicious.Whileitisimportanttokeep

silentwhileeating,insomeareasitisactuallyasimportanttokeepupthetraditionofeatingatthetableasafamily,with

conversationsandnomobilephones.

Tablemannersmattermuch.Theyareareflectionofyourcharacter.It'saboutrespectforothers.Whenyouarewith

othersinasocialsetting,youwanttobeconsideratetothosearoundyou.Tablemannersalsomeanyour<4ticket,ntosocial

success.Goodmannerswillopendoorsthatthebesteducationcannot.Fewwillwantanill-manneredpersonintheir

workplace,orsocialcircle,andthisisasrelevanttodayasitwashundredsofyearsago.

Whileglobalizationhasledtotheintermixingofcultures,theessenceoftablemannersremains."Iwasbroughtupto

havetablemanners,“sayscelebratedchefTonyTan,whogrewupinMalaysia,eatingIndian,ChineseandMalaycuisines

withchopsticks,hands,spoonandfork.Tan,whowentontotrainasachefinParisandLondon,isanexpertinAsiancuisines

fromCantonesetoMalaysian,whichheteachesathisschoolincountryVictoria-buttheetiquette（禮節(jié)）,particularlyof

hisChinesetradition,hasremained.Hesays,"You'vegottoinviteyourelderstostarteating,orsay,'Wearenow

eating1,sotheelderscansay,'Goahead,?It'sasignofrespecttotheelderly.Whenpeopledon'tdothatanymore,they

lackmannersandtheylackgoodupbringing."

40.Whataretablemanners?

41.Whyaretablemannersimportant?

42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.

TonyTansaysthatitisimpoliteforyoungergenerations