2024屆高二年級(jí)6月份英語(yǔ)學(xué)科測(cè)試試卷注意事項(xiàng)考生在答題前請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀本注意事項(xiàng)及各題答題要求1.本試卷滿分為150分,考試時(shí)間為120分鐘。2.答卷前,務(wù)必將姓名、班級(jí)、學(xué)號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。3.請(qǐng)用0.5毫米黑色簽字筆按題號(hào)在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答,在其它位置作答一律無(wú)效。第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.WhyisBettyonthefloor?A.Shefelldown.B.Sheisworkingout.C.Sheisdoingsomecleaning.2.Whathappenedtothespeakers?A.Theyorderedwrongmeals.B.Theyateeachother’sfood.C.Theirfoodwasbadlycooked.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theweather.B.Plants.C.Theirhealth.4.Whoownsthedog?A.Thewoman.B.Thewoman’sniece.C.Thewoman’sbrother.5.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inaboat.B.Onabeach.C.Inthemountains.聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料,回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthemanpromisethewoman?A.He’llmeetherinsidethemarket.B.He’llfindouttheshortestrouteforher.C.He’llhelphercarrythebagsofgroceries.7.Whatisthefirstplaceontheroutetothewoman’sdestination?A.Thecornerstore.B.Thefruitstand.C.Thebigmarket.聽(tīng)第7段材料,回答第8至10題。8.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Pickingcookies.B.Givingopinions.C.Teachingthebakingskills.9.Whatdoesthewomanprobablythinkofthechocolatecookie?A.It’stoosweet.B.It’sverysoft.C.It’sratherhard.10.Whatdoweknowaboutthelastcookie?A.Themanmadeit.B.Themanboughtitfromastore.C.ThewomangotitasaChristmasgift.聽(tīng)第8段材料,回答第11至13題。11.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Brotherandsister.B.Formerneighbors.C.Shopownerandcustomer.12.Whathasbeenbuiltinplaceofthevideostore?A.Aparkinglot.B.Acinema.C.Ashoppingmall.13.Whodidthespeakerssawintheend?A.Avideostoreowner.B.Mr.Otto.C.Thetheatermanager.聽(tīng)第9段材料,回答第14至17題。14.Howdidthemanplantogotoworktoday?A.Bybike.B.Onfoot.C.Bycar.15.Howlongwasthemanlate?A.30minutes.B.45minutes.C.75minutes.16.Whywasthemanespeciallylate?A.Hestartedoutlate.B.Hewalkedveryslowly.C.Hewaswaitingalongtimeforhelp.17.Whatdoesthewomanplantodo?A.Asktheman’smotherforadvice.B.Gettheothergroupmemberstoelater.C.Tellthemananearliertimeforthenextmeeting.聽(tīng)第10段材料,回答第18至20題。18.Whatisthespeakerprobablydoing?A.Holdingameeting.B.Givingalecture.C.Reportingastudy.19.Whydowerememberattractivepeople?A.Werelatetothem.B.Weareinterestedinthem.C.Wehaveamentalpictureofthem.20.Whichmightbethebesttimetostudyaccordingtoscientists?A9:00a.m.B.10:00p.m.C.3:00p.m.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheUrbandalePublicLibraryhasbeenpartoftheCityofUrbandalesince1961.Overtheyears,thelibraryhascalledfourdifferentlocationsaroundthecityhome.NowyoucanfindussituatedwithintheCityofUrbandalecampusborderedbyWalkerJohnstonPark.LibraryCardInformationStandardlibrarycardsarefreeofchargeifyou:·LiveinUrbandaleorothercontractingmunities.·Are5yearsofageorolder—aparent/guardianmustsignthelibrarycardforchildrenunderage14.BorrowingMaterialsLoanPeriods·Referencematerialsandcurrentissuesofperiodicalsandnewspapers:Theseitemsareforinlibraryuseonly.·Videogames,mobilehotspots,andfictionBluraysandDVDs—7days·Eaudiobooksandebooks—14days·Othermaterialsincludingbooks,magazines,andnonfictionBlurays—21days★Allitemscanberenewedtwice.Renewalloanperiodsarethesamelengthastheoriginalloanperiod.Asalibrarycardholder,youareresponsibleforreturningmaterialsbytheduedate.Overduefeesarechargedforeachdaythelibraryisopen.BookClubKitsAvailableThelibraryofferstwotypesofbookclubkits—StandardandReserved.·StandardBookClubKitsareavailableonafirste,firstservedbasisandcanbecheckedoutfor8weeks.Tocheckavailability,youcansearchthelibrarycatalog(目錄)forthetitleyouneed.·ReservedBookClubKitsareforreservationsonlyandcanbecheckedoutfor8weeks.Tocheckavailabilityorreserveakit,pleasecallthelibraryat5152783945.BookclubkitsmustbepickedupattheUrbandalePublicLibrary.1.Whatdoweknowaboutthelibrary?A.ItislocatednearWalkerJohnstonPark.B.Itoffersfreestandardlibrarycardstoallagegroups.C.Ithashadmorethanfivelocationssince1961.D.IthasservedthoselivinginUrbandaleforabout80years.2.Howlongcanyoukeepvideogamesatmostifyouborrowthem?A.For3days. B.For7days.C.For14days. D.For21days.3.Whatdothetwotypesofbookclubkitshaveinmon?A.Theycanbeborrowedonline. B.Theyshouldbebookedinadvance.C.Theirloanperiodsarethesame. D.Theiravailabilityshouldbecheckedbycalling.【答案】1.A2.D3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了Urbandale公共圖書(shū)館提供的辦理圖書(shū)證、借閱圖書(shū)等服務(wù)信息?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“NowyoucanfindussituatedwithintheCityofUrbandalecampusborderedbyWalkerJohnstonPark.(現(xiàn)在你可以發(fā)現(xiàn)我們坐落在Urbandale城市校園，與WalkerJohnston公園接壤。)”可知，圖書(shū)館位置靠近WalkerJohnston公園。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BorrowingMaterials部分中“Videogames,mobilehotspots,andfictionBluraysandDVDs—7days(視頻游戲、熱點(diǎn)、小說(shuō)藍(lán)光光碟和DVDs：7天）”和“Allitemscanberenewedtwice.Renewalloanperiodsarethesamelengthastheoriginalloanperiod.（所有物品可以續(xù)借兩次。續(xù)借期限與原出借期限相同。)”可知，視頻游戲最多可以借21天（=7+7+7）。故選D項(xiàng)。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BookClubKitsAvailable部分中“StandardBookClubKitsareavailableonafirste,firstservedbasisandcanbecheckedoutfor8weeks.(標(biāo)準(zhǔn)讀書(shū)俱樂(lè)部套餐以先到先得的方式提供，可外借8周。)”和“ReservedBookClubKitsareforreservationsonlyandcanbecheckedoutfor8weeks.(預(yù)訂讀書(shū)俱樂(lè)部套餐僅供預(yù)訂，可外借8周。)”可知，兩種讀書(shū)俱樂(lè)部套餐的共同點(diǎn)是外借期限相同。故選C項(xiàng)。BEverytimeIreachforabookatRydalMount,IfeelIshouldaskWilliamWordsworth’spermission.It’s9pmonaFridaynightinMarch,andI’mabouttospendanightintheformerhomeofthepoet—thefirstjournalisttodoso.I’vesaidgoodnighttotheyoungcurator(館長(zhǎng))LeoFinighan.Andnowit’sjustmeandoneofthemostinfluentialwriters,alonetogetherinhislibrary.Onandofffrom1813to1850,hewashere,receivingvisitorsandeditinghiswork.Ican’thelpfeelinghisspiritisstillaround.“Thisisstill,inpart,afamilyhouseandwe’reprobablynotaspreciousaboutitasweshouldbe,”ChrisAndrewhadtoldme.HeisWordsworth’sgreatgreatgreatgreatgrandsonandthemainpromoterofaplantoopenRydalMounttoovernightguestsforthefirsttime.“Butwepreferitthisway.”headded.“Itpreservestheclosenesstothepoet.Wecanofferamorepersonalconnectionasaresult.”AsItakeacopyofhispleteworksbacktomychair,theyallseemtobegatheringround.Hereesthepoet.He’sbackfromthegarden,wherehewouldpacethepath,posinglines.Upstairs,Dorothy,hissister,isunwell.It’sanextraordinaryfeeling,asthoughatanymomentI’mgoingtohearsomeone’svoice.By9:30pm,I’minbed.Ihaveasoundsleepinthebestbedroominthehouse.It’stheonethatWordsworthandhiswifeMaryused.BeforeIhavetogothenextmorning,there’sstilltimeforapoem,andIchooseTheTablesTurnedfromLyricalBallads.Itbeginswith”Up!Up!MyFriend,andquityourbooks”andIcan’thelpsmilingatthevolumesinfrontofme.Itfeelslikehe’stalkingdirectlytome.Notsurprising,really,giventhefactI’msittinginhisbedroom.4.WhydoestheauthorheadforRydalMount?A.TovisithisfriendFinighan.B.ToshowadmirationforWordsworth.C.Toreportanannualeventasajournalist.D.Toattendaconferenceforinfluentialwriters.5.WhatwasAndrew’sattitudetoopeningRydalMounttoovernightguests?A.doubtful. B.indifferentC.favourable. D.disapproving.6.Whatdoes“they”inparagraph4referto?A.Hisfamily B.HisworksC.Guests D.Sounds7.HowdoestheauthorfeelwhenreadingTheTablesTurned?A.HefeelssurprisedatWordsworth’shumour.B.HefeelsasifWordsworthwereonthescene.C.HefeelsasifWordsworthwereenthusiasticabouttalking.D.HefeelsWordsworthmighthavebeentoochoosyaboutwords.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述的是作者在世界著名詩(shī)人WilliamWordsworth故居RydalMount過(guò)夜的所想所感?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)首段中的“EverytimeIreachforabookatRydalMount,IfeelIshouldaskWilliamWordsworth’spermission.(每次我在RydalMount拿書(shū)時(shí)，我都覺(jué)得應(yīng)該征求WilliamWordsworth的許可。)”以及“It’s9pmonaFridaynightinMarch,andI’mabouttospendanightintheformerhomeofthepoet—thefirstjournalisttodoso.Andnowit’sjustmeandoneofthemostinfluentialwriters,alonetogetherinhislibrary.(現(xiàn)在是3月一個(gè)周五的晚上9點(diǎn)，我準(zhǔn)備在這位詩(shī)人的故居住一晚——我是第一個(gè)這樣做的記者?，F(xiàn)在只有我和最有影響力的作家之一，單獨(dú)在他的圖書(shū)館里。)”可知，作者在RydalMount每取一本書(shū)都覺(jué)得應(yīng)該征得詩(shī)人WilliamWordsworth的許可，而且作者是第一位住在Wordsworth故居的記者，并且在與他人道晚安后，屋子里只剩下自己與最具影響力的詩(shī)人WilliamWordsworth，以上描述能感受到作者的激動(dòng)與自豪，由此可知，作者去RydalMount是為了表達(dá)對(duì)著名詩(shī)人Wordsworth的欽佩。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的““Butwepreferitthisway.”headded.“Itpreservestheclosenesstothepoet.Wecanofferamorepersonalconnectionasaresult.”(“但我們更喜歡這種方式。他補(bǔ)充道?！八Ａ袅伺c詩(shī)人的親密關(guān)系。因此，我們可以提供更私人的聯(lián)系。”。)”可知，Andrew說(shuō)，更喜歡對(duì)外開(kāi)放Wordsworth的故居給過(guò)夜的客人，則可以保留與詩(shī)人的親近感，由此可知，Andrew應(yīng)該是支持向過(guò)夜的客人開(kāi)放RydalMount。故選C項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Hereesthepoet.He’sbackfromthegarden,wherehewouldpacethepath,posinglines.Upstairs,Dorothy,hissister,isunwell.It’sanextraordinaryfeeling,asthoughatanymomentI’mgoingtohearsomeone’svoice.(詩(shī)人來(lái)了。他從花園回來(lái)了，在那里他會(huì)在小路上踱步，寫(xiě)詩(shī)句。樓上，他的妹妹多蘿西身體不舒服。這是一種非凡的感覺(jué)，好像在任何時(shí)候我都會(huì)聽(tīng)到某人的聲音。)”可知，當(dāng)作者拿到詩(shī)人的作品到椅子上時(shí)，也就是作者開(kāi)始讀詩(shī)人寫(xiě)的詩(shī)時(shí)，作者在詩(shī)中看到了詩(shī)人，他的妹妹以及隨時(shí)都可能出現(xiàn)的某人的聲音，由此可知，they應(yīng)該指的是Wordsworth的家人們。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)尾段中的“Itbeginswith”Up!Up!MyFriend,andquityourbooks”andIcan’thelpsmilingatthevolumesinfrontofme.Itfeelslikehe’stalkingdirectlytome.Notsurprising,really,giventhefactI’msittinginhisbedroom.(它以“起來(lái)!”起來(lái)!我的朋友，放下你的書(shū)吧”，我看著面前的書(shū)忍不住笑了。感覺(jué)他在直接跟我說(shuō)話。這也不奇怪，因?yàn)槲艺谒呐P室里。)”可知，在讀TheTablesTurned時(shí)，作者感覺(jué)好像Wordsworth直接與他說(shuō)話，由此可知，作者覺(jué)得Wordsworth好像是就在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。故選B項(xiàng)。C“Alotofearlyarchaeology(考古學(xué))wasaboutfindingthingsthatarebeautifulandmuseumworthy,”saysarchaeologistSarahGraff.Bitsofbrokenartifactsorboringlookingitemsfromthefieldoffoodpreparationweresometimesthrownasidewiththedirtthatwasn’tbeinganalyzed,shesays,andscholarsusedtobemoreexcitedbythelivesofkings.“Theydidn’treallythinkthatthingsthathadtodowithdomesticlaborwouldhaveanythingtodowithpoliticsoreconomics.”Butresearchersarenowfindingmoreofthoseconnectionsandtryingtomineancientpotstolearnaboutthefoodsoncepreparedinthem.BiogeochemistRichardEvershedmadehisfirstidentificationoffatfromfoodsinthewallsofmedieval(中世紀(jì)的)potsdatingfrom950to1450atasiteinEngland.Withsignsoffat,probablyfrommakingcheese,thosepotsarethoughttohavebeenusedforbakingbread.Thescientistsalsodiscoveredtheleafwax(蠟)ofcabbage,whichwaslikelycookedwithmeat.Consumingmeat,cheese,butterandbread,themedievalpeasantsweren’tdoingtoobadly,saysarchaeologistJulieDunne,Evershed’steammate.Since2014,someresearchershavedivedintoexperimentalarchaeologybycookingvariousrecipesinstoreboughtpots.Theyusedthesamepottocookthesamerecipe50times,andfinallyswitchedtoanewrecipe,cookingfourmeals.Afterayear,thepots’outerlayersheldsignsofalltherecipesbutcontainedmoreremainingpartsofthelastmeals.Butthefattysubstanceswithintheinnerlayersofthepotsbuiltupovermanytimesofcooking,whichleftobviousproofoftheformerrecipes.Thelatestcookingevents,however,wasnotthecase,asarcheologistMelanieMillerandherteammatesreportedin2020inScientificReports.Millerandherteamwillcontinuecookingtheirtastelessmeals.Cookingis“oneofthemostmonthingsthathumanshaveacrosstimeandspace,”shesays.Foodandfoodpracticessignifytraditions,politics,status,identities,upbringingsandmore.Foodpreparationrevealsmuch.“It’sadailypractice…usuallyrepresentativeofallthesemuchlargerquestionsaboutourplaceintheworld.”8.WhatdoesGraffsayaboutearlyarchaeologists?A.Theyrealizedthesignificanceofdomesticlabor.B.Theyignoredcookingartifactseverynowandthen.C.Theyshowedsomeinterestinunimportantitems.D.Theystudiedpotswithwronganalyticalmethods.9.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheownersofthemedievalpots?A.Theydislikedeatingvegetables. B.Theycouldnotmakebread.C.Theyhadlittlemilktodrink. D.Theymightnotbepoor.10.WhatdidMillerfindabouttheinnerlayersofthepots?A.Notalltherecipesleftclearsignswithinthem.B.Theyhadalotofremainingpartsfromthelatestcooking.C.Morefattysubstancesfromthelastmealswerecontained.D.Theydisplayedasmuchevidenceastheouterlayersdid.11.WhichstatementmightMillermostprobablyagreewith?A.Itisdifficulttoknowhowancientpeoplecooked.B.Cookingrevealsvariousaspectsofhumanculture.C.Studyingancientpotshelpsimprovemodernpeople’scooking.D.Foodpracticeswereverysimilaramongdifferentancientgroups.【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了從古代的鍋中，考古學(xué)家們可以了解古時(shí)候人們生活的很多方面?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段““Alotofearlyarchaeology(考古學(xué))wasaboutfindingthingsthatarebeautifulandmuseumworthy,”saysarchaeologistSarahGraff.Bitsofbrokenartifactsorboringlookingitemsfromthefieldoffoodpreparationweresometimesthrownasidewiththedirtthatwasn’tbeinganalyzed,shesays,andscholarsusedtobemoreexcitedbythelivesofkings.(考古學(xué)家SarahGraff說(shuō)：“很多早期考古學(xué)都是為了尋找美麗的、值得收藏的東西?！彼f(shuō)，從食物準(zhǔn)備領(lǐng)域中找到的殘破的人工制品或看起來(lái)很無(wú)聊的物品有時(shí)會(huì)被扔到一邊，根本不會(huì)被分析，學(xué)者們過(guò)去對(duì)國(guó)王的生活更感興趣)”可知，Graff認(rèn)為以前的考古學(xué)家們會(huì)忽略烹飪器物，因?yàn)樗麄儗?duì)國(guó)王的生活更感興趣。故選B。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Thescientistsalsodiscoveredtheleafwax(蠟)ofcabbage,whichwaslikelycookedwithmeat.Consumingmeat,cheese,butterandbread,themedievalpeasantsweren’tdoingtoobadly,saysarchaeologistJulieDunne,Evershed’steammate.(科學(xué)家們還發(fā)現(xiàn)了卷心菜的葉蠟，可能是和肉一起煮的。食用肉類、奶酪、黃油和面包，中世紀(jì)的農(nóng)民過(guò)得還不錯(cuò)，Evershed的隊(duì)友、考古學(xué)家JulieDunne說(shuō))”可知，中世紀(jì)鍋的主人日子不算窮。故選D?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Butthefattysubstanceswithintheinnerlayersofthepotsbuiltupovermanytimesofcooking,whichleftobviousproofoftheformerrecipes.Thelatestcookingevents,however,wasnotthecase,asarcheologistMelanieMillerandherteammatesreportedin2020inScientificReports.(但是，經(jīng)過(guò)多次烹飪，鍋內(nèi)層的脂肪物質(zhì)積累起來(lái)，這為以前的食譜留下了明顯的證據(jù)。然而，正如考古學(xué)家MelanieMiller和她的隊(duì)友在2020年的《科學(xué)報(bào)告》中所報(bào)道的那樣，最新的烹飪事件并非如此)”可知，以前的研究認(rèn)為鍋內(nèi)層的脂肪物質(zhì)積累起來(lái)，這為以前的食譜留下了明顯的證據(jù)。然而MelanieMiller的研究卻認(rèn)為事實(shí)并非如此。也就是說(shuō)，MelanieMiller認(rèn)為鍋的內(nèi)層并不是所有的食譜都在里面留下了清晰的痕跡。故選A?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Millerandherteamwillcontinuecookingtheirtastelessmeals.Cookingis“oneofthemostmonthingsthathumanshaveacrosstimeandspace,”shesays.Foodandfoodpracticessignifytraditions,politics,status,identities,upbringingsandmore.Foodpreparationrevealsmuch.(Miller和她的團(tuán)隊(duì)將繼續(xù)烹飪這些無(wú)味的食物。烹飪是“跨越時(shí)間和空間的人類最常見(jiàn)的事情之一，”她說(shuō)。食物和飲食習(xí)慣象征著傳統(tǒng)、政治、地位、身份、教養(yǎng)等等。食物的準(zhǔn)備說(shuō)明了很多問(wèn)題)”可知，Miller認(rèn)為烹飪揭示了人類文化的各個(gè)方面。故選B。D“Thisisthenextrevolutioninflying,”saysMarkHenning,EuropeanmanagingdirectorofAutoFlight,aChinesefirm.MrHenningisnotaloneinbettingthatelectricvertical(垂直的)takeoffandlanding(eVTOL)aircrafthaveabrightfuture.Theideaisthat,beingsimpler,cheaper,greenerandquieterthantraditionalhelicopters,eVTOLswillbewellsuitedtooperateshortrangepassengerservicesacrosslargeurbanareas,suchasflyingpeoplebetweenairportsandcitycentres.Now,MrHenningissettingupanoperationatAugsburgAirportinGermanytofurtherthedevelopmentofProsperityI,thepany’sairtaxi.ProsperityIcanseatthreepassengersandapilot.Itisahybridbetweenahelicopterandafixedwingplane.Ittakesoffandlandsvertically,usingmultiplerotors(旋翼),buttheseareswitchedoffwhenitisinfullflight.Atthatpointa“pusher”propeller(螺旋槳)atthebacktakesover,toprovideforwarddrive,andthuslitviathewings.Thisarrangementmakesbetteruseoftheaircraft’sbattery,givingProsperityIarangeofsome250km.AmodelwillbetestflowninGermanyinordertoobtainwhatisknownasatypecertificatefromtheEuropeanUnionAviationSafetyAgency(EASA).Thissignifiestheairworthinessofanewaircraft.AlthoughAutoFlightisalsoseekingcertificationinChina,thepanythinkstheadditionofEuropeanapprovalwillhelpspeedthemachine’sentryintoserviceinothermarkets,too.Ithopestopletetheapprovalprocessby2025.Thereisuncertaintyabouthowtheruleswilldifferfromplacetoplace.Nonetheless,enoughregulatoryprogresshasbeenmade.InAmerica,JobyAviationhopesnextyeartobeethefirsttoobtainatypecertificatefromtheFederalAviationAdministration(FAA).InEurope,Volocopter,aGermanfirm,hopestoprovideairtaxiservicesforthe2024OlympicGamesinParis.Itisnotonlynewfirmswhicharegettingintothebusiness.AirbusisdevelopingideasforeVTOLs.SoisBoeing.Withsomucheffortandmoneygoingintothisnewformofairtravel,someofthesebirdswillsurelybeflyingsoon.12.WhatwilleVTOLsbeusedtodo?A.Delivergoodsinairports. B.Carrypassengersacrosscities.C.Functionaschargingstations. D.Replacetraditionalhelicopters.13.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“hybrid“inParagraph2?A.mixture B.symbolC.concept D.application14.WhatisAutoFlighttryingtodoforProsperityI?A.ObtainatypecertificatefromtheFAA. B.HaveittestedacrosstheskyofAmerica.C.Tailorasetofrulesassoonaspossible. D.GetitapprovedbyEuropeanauthorities.15Whatisthesuitabletitleforthepassage?A.ARoleofeVTOLinMachineIndustry B.ANovelFormofAirServiceinCityC.ANewVersionofBoeing’sEvolution D.HowtoWintheCertificatefromEASA【答案】12.B13.A14.D15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了飛行領(lǐng)域的下一次革命——電動(dòng)垂直起降飛機(jī)，它更簡(jiǎn)單、更便宜、更環(huán)保、更安靜，將非常適合在大城市地區(qū)執(zhí)行短途客運(yùn)服務(wù)。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Theideaisthat,beingsimpler,cheaper,greenerandquieterthantraditionalhelicopters,eVTOLswillbewellsuitedtooperateshortrangepassengerservicesacrosslargeurbanareas,suchasflyingpeoplebetweenairportsandcitycentres.(與傳統(tǒng)直升機(jī)相比，eVTOLs更簡(jiǎn)單、更便宜、更環(huán)保、更安靜，將非常適合在大城市地區(qū)執(zhí)行短途客運(yùn)服務(wù)，比如在機(jī)場(chǎng)和市中心之間運(yùn)送乘客。)”可知，eVTOLs可用來(lái)在機(jī)場(chǎng)和市中心之間運(yùn)送乘客。故選B?！?3題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線單詞下文“Ittakesoffandlandsvertically,usingmultiplerotors(旋翼),buttheseareswitchedoffwhenitisinfullflight.Atthatpointa“pusher”propeller(螺旋槳)atthebacktakesover,toprovideforwarddrive,andthuslitviathewings.(它使用多個(gè)旋翼垂直起降，但在完全飛行時(shí)，這些旋翼被關(guān)閉。這時(shí)，后面的“推動(dòng)”螺旋槳接管，提供向前驅(qū)動(dòng)，從而通過(guò)機(jī)翼點(diǎn)燃。)”可知，eVTOLs兼具了直升飛機(jī)和固定翼飛機(jī)的部分特點(diǎn)，由此推斷，劃線單詞的意思和“兼具或混合”相似。選項(xiàng)A“mixture(混合)”；選項(xiàng)B“symbol(象征)”；選項(xiàng)C“concept(概念)”；選項(xiàng)D“application(應(yīng)用)”。故選A。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Now,MrHenningissettingupanoperationatAugsburgAirportinGermanytofurtherthedevelopmentofProsperityI,thepany’sairtaxi.(現(xiàn)在，Henning正在德國(guó)奧格斯堡機(jī)場(chǎng)開(kāi)展業(yè)務(wù)，以進(jìn)一步發(fā)展該公司的空中出租車ProsperityI。)”以及第三段“AmodelwillbetestflowninGermanyinordertoobtainwhatisknownasatypecertificatefromtheEuropeanUnionAviationSafetyAgency(EASA).(一架模型將在德國(guó)進(jìn)行試飛，以獲得歐盟航空安全局(EASA)頒發(fā)的型號(hào)證書(shū)。)”可知，AutoFlight公司為了發(fā)展ProsperityI，正在努力獲得歐，盟航空安全局(EASA)頒發(fā)的型號(hào)證書(shū)，也就是希望得到歐洲當(dāng)局者的批準(zhǔn)。故選D。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段““Thisisthenextrevolutioninflying,”saysMarkHenning,EuropeanmanagingdirectorofAutoFlight,aChinesefirm.MrHenningisnotaloneinbettingthatelectricvertical(垂直的)takeoffandlanding(eVTOL)aircrafthaveabrightfuture.Theideaisthat,beingsimpler,cheaper,greenerandquieterthantraditionalhelicopters,eVTOLswillbewellsuitedtooperateshortrangepassengerservicesacrosslargeurbanareas,suchasflyingpeoplebetweenairportsandcitycentres.(“這是飛行領(lǐng)域的下一次革命，”來(lái)自一家中國(guó)公司——AutoFlight——的歐洲總經(jīng)理MarkHenning說(shuō)。Henning并不是唯一一個(gè)認(rèn)為電動(dòng)垂直起降(eVTOL)飛機(jī)前景光明的人。與傳統(tǒng)直升機(jī)相比，eVTOLs更簡(jiǎn)單、更便宜、更環(huán)保、更安靜，將非常適合在大城市地區(qū)執(zhí)行短途客運(yùn)服務(wù)，比如在機(jī)場(chǎng)和市中心之間運(yùn)送乘客。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章介紹了飛行領(lǐng)域的下一次革命——電動(dòng)垂直起降飛機(jī)，它更簡(jiǎn)單、更便宜、更環(huán)保、更安靜，將非常適合在大城市地區(qū)執(zhí)行短途客運(yùn)服務(wù)。所以“ANovelFormofAirServiceinCity(城市航空服務(wù)的新形式)”作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Haveyoueverheardofunderwaterfootball?Underwaterfootballhasbeencalledoneoftheworld’sleastknownsports.___16___.Thegamecanbeenjoyedbyanyoneofanyageandcanbeplayedunderbothindoorandoutdoorwatersurfaces.Underwaterfootballsharessomemonrulesandplayelementswithotherunderwatersportslikeunderwaterhockey.Aswiththosegames,itisplayedinthedeependofaswimmingpoolwithsnorkeling(浮潛)equipment.Thegoalofthegameistoscoreapointbyplacingaballontheopponents’sideofthepool.Theballcanonlybepossessedbyplayerswhopletelystayunderwaterholdingtheirbreath.___17___Justlikeonland,underwaterfootballisagameofcontrolandpossession.___18___.Whenopposingplayersareinyourspace,youneedtobeabletorecognizeitquicklyandtakeappropriateaction.___19___.Eachteamtriestogettheirballintooneendzonebyeitherpassingorrunningthroughunderwaterobstacles.Thefirstteamtoreachtheendpointwins!Justfiveplayersareonthecourtatonetime,despiteeachteamhaving13players.Towintheballbackorkeepitawayfromyouropponents,youmustuseallyourstrengthandabilitiesunderwater.___20___.A.Toplayityouneedsnorkelingequipment.B.Underwaterfootballinvolvestwoteamsoffiveplayers.C.Theequipmentnecessaryforunderwaterfootballisn’tveryplex.D.Theballmustbepassedordroppedwhenplayersgotothesurfaceforair.E.Itisasportthatbinesthefundamentalsoffootballwiththeexcitementofdiving.F.Toplaywell,youneedtomasterthebasicsofspacialawarenessanddecisionmaking.G.Alltheseskillsrequirepracticeifyouwanttobeeanexpertatthisexcitingsport.【答案】16.E17.D18.F19.B20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了水下足球的相關(guān)知識(shí)?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Haveyoueverheardofunderwaterfootball?Underwaterfootballhasbeencalledoneoftheworld’sleastknownsports.(你聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)水下足球嗎?水下足球被稱為世界上最不為人知的運(yùn)動(dòng)之一。)”以及“Thegamecanbeenjoyedbyanyoneofanyageandcanbeplayedunderbothindoorandoutdoorwatersurfaces.(任何年齡的人都可以玩這個(gè)游戲，可以在室內(nèi)和室外的水面下玩。)”可知空前以及空后都是介紹水下足球的相關(guān)知識(shí)。選項(xiàng)E“Itisasportthatbinesthefundamentalsoffootballwiththeexcitementofdiving.(它是一項(xiàng)結(jié)合了足球的基本原理和跳水的刺激的運(yùn)動(dòng)。)”介紹的也是水下足球的相關(guān)知識(shí)，符合上下文內(nèi)容。故選E?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Thegoalofthegameistoscoreapointbyplacingaballontheopponents’sideofthepool.Theballcanonlybepossessedbyplayerswhopletelystayunderwaterholdingtheirbreath.(游戲的目標(biāo)是通過(guò)將球放在對(duì)手的泳池一側(cè)來(lái)得分。只有完全呆在水下屏住呼吸的球員才能擁有球。)”可知，上文主要講述了比賽的得分的規(guī)則。選項(xiàng)D“Theballmustbepassedordroppedwhenplayersgotothesurfaceforair.(當(dāng)球員到地面換氣時(shí)，球必須被傳遞或落下。)”延續(xù)上文內(nèi)容，仍然講述了水下足球的規(guī)則。故選D。18題詳解】根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Justlikeonland,underwaterfootballisagameofcontrolandpossession.(就像在陸地上一樣，水下足球是一場(chǎng)控制和控球的比賽。)”可知，上文主要介紹了水下足球需要控場(chǎng)和控球。選項(xiàng)F“Toplaywell,youneedtomasterthebasicsofspacialawarenessanddecisionmaking.(要想打得好，你需要掌握基本的空間意識(shí)和決策能力。)”則承接上文，解釋了控場(chǎng)和控球所需要的能力，同時(shí)與下文“Whenopposingplayersareinyourspace,youneedtobeabletorecognizeitquicklyandtakeappropriateaction.(當(dāng)對(duì)方球員進(jìn)入你的空間時(shí)，你需要能夠迅速識(shí)別并采取適當(dāng)?shù)男袆?dòng)。)”內(nèi)容一致。故選F?！?9題詳解】空處為段首句，內(nèi)容上需要引領(lǐng)本段，或?yàn)楸径沃饕獌?nèi)容。根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容“Eachteamtriestogettheirballintooneendzonebyeitherpassingorrunningthroughunderwaterobstacles.Thefirstteamtoreachtheendpointwins!Justfiveplayersareonthecourtatonetime,despiteeachteamhaving13players.(每支球隊(duì)都試圖通過(guò)傳球或穿越水下障礙物將球送入一個(gè)終點(diǎn)區(qū)。第一個(gè)到達(dá)終點(diǎn)的隊(duì)伍獲勝!盡管每支球隊(duì)有13名球員，但每次只有5名球員在場(chǎng)上。)”可知，本段主要講解了水下足球隊(duì)伍的相關(guān)內(nèi)容。選項(xiàng)B“Underwaterfootballinvolvestwoteamsoffiveplayers.(水下足球包括兩隊(duì)，每隊(duì)5名隊(duì)員。)”引出下文內(nèi)容。故選B?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)空前內(nèi)容“Towintheballbackorkeepitawayfromyouropponents,youmustuseallyourstrengthandabilitiesunderwater.(為了贏回球或讓它遠(yuǎn)離你的對(duì)手，你必須在水下使用你所有的力量和能力。)”可知，上文講述的是想要贏球，你需要使用所有的力量和能力。選項(xiàng)G“Alltheseskillsrequirepracticeifyouwanttobeeanexpertatthisexcitingsport.(如果你想成為這項(xiàng)令人興奮的運(yùn)動(dòng)的專家，所有這些技能都需要練習(xí)。)”與上文內(nèi)容一致，指的都是想要贏得比賽，成為該運(yùn)動(dòng)的專家，你需要練習(xí)所有技能。故選G。第三部分完形填空(共15小題,每題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。GymnastSimoneBiles’honorshavebeenpilingupforyears:25medals,including4Olympicgold,thefirstwomantocapturefiveAllAroundWorldChampionshiptitles,TIME100,Forbes30under30.Sheissoworshipedingymnasticsthatsheisoften___21___,usingjustfourletters:G.O.A.T.—“GreatestofAllTime.”ButonJuly25,2021,inthe___22___roundoftheTokyoOlympicGames,somethingfeltoff.Bytheendoftheday,Simonehadmadeseveraluncharacteristic___23___.“Itwasn’taneasyday,butIgotthroughit,”she___24___onsocialmedia.Then,twodayslater,aftersimplifyingavaultandtakingahoponthelanding,Simone___25___theworldbywithdrawingfromtheday’spetition.Eventuallyshedecidednottopeteinthreemoreevents,buttookhomebronzeonbalancebeam.Simonelaterexplainedthatalongwithother___26___healthissues,shewasstrugglingwiththe“twisties,”aphenomenoningymnasticsinwhichanathletelosesasenseof___27___theyareintheairduringtwistsandflips(翻轉(zhuǎn)).Thefrighteningissuecanbedangerous.SomefansandmentatorscriticizedSimonefor___28___;otherssupportedherdecisiontoput___29___onhermentalhealth.Butoverthecourseoftwoweekslastsummer,Simone,themostdominantgymnastindecades,____30____whatachampionlookslike.“Theword‘champion’usedto____31____meanbeingontoporbreakingrecords,”shetellsGoodHousekeeping.“Nowitmeansbeingvulnerable,showingyourinner____32____,beingcourageous.”Thesedays,Simonehopestoinspireotheryounggirlstobefierce,petitive—andstrongenoughto____33____.Shepartneredwiththesportsapparel(服裝)panyAthletaonalineofactivewearforgirlsages6to12.EachoftheitemshasoneofSimone’s____34____mantras(準(zhǔn)則)suchas“BecauseIcan,”“Nodreamistoobigortoosmall,”“Thefloorisyours.”—sewnintothefabric.“Theycandoanythingtheysettheir____35____to,”saysBiles.“Iwantthemtorememberthat.”21.A.informedabout B.talkedabout C.caredabout D.inquiredabout22.A.detecting B.anticipating C.justifying D.qualifying23.A.errors B.drafts C.pauses D.resolutions24.A.promoted B.polished C.protested D.posted25.A.awakened B.seized C.shocked D.swung26.A.private B.public C.mental D.physical27.A.where B.what C.why D.who28.A.withdrawing B.re