Unit2Outofthisworld(譯林版2020選擇必修第三冊(cè))單元話題閱讀精練(閱讀理解15篇+七選五5篇)Ⅰ閱讀理解Passage12025StudentLaunchChallengeAboutStudentLaunchNASAStudentLaunchisaresearchbased,petitive,andexperientialexplorationchallengethatprovidesrelevantandcosteffectiveresearchanddevelopmenttosupporttheSpaceLaunchSystem(SLS).Theactivityinvolvesreachingabroadaudienceofmiddleandhighschools,colleges,anduniversitiesacrossthenationinaninemonthmitmenttodesign,build,testandlaunchvehicleandpayload(載荷)ponentsthatsupportSLS.Itisaimedatinspiringstudentstoexplorescience,technology,engineering,andmath(STEM)forthebenefitofhumanity.2025StudentLaunchNASAhasselected71teamsfromacrosstheUStoparticipateinits25thannualStudentLaunchChallenge.Aspartofthechallenge,teamswilldesign,build,andflyahighpoweredamateurrocketandscientificpayload.Theyalsomustmeetdocumentationmilestonesandundergodetailedreviewsthroughouttheschoolyear.TheninemonthlongchallengewillbehighlightedwithonsiteeventsstartingonApril30,2025.FinallaunchesarescheduledforMay3,2025,atBraggFarmsinToney,Alabama,justminutesnorthofNASA’sMarshallSpaceFlightCenter.It’stheperfectendingtotheevents.Teamsarenotrequiredtotravelfortheirfinallaunch,havingtheoptiontolaunchfromaqualifiedsite.StudentteamswillundergodetailedreviewsbyNASApersonneltoensurethesafety,operabilityandpracticalityoftheirrocketandpayloaddesigns.AwardsTheAltitude(高度)Award:Awardedtotheteamthatesclosesttotheirdeclaredtargetaltitudeontheirpetitionlaunch.VehicleDesignAward:Awardedtotheteamwiththemostcreativeandinnovativeoverallvehicledesignfortheirintendedpayloadwhilestillmaximizingsafetyandefficiency.Judges’ChoiceAward:SelectedduringLaunchWeekbyapanelofguestjudgesandawardedforthebestbinationofpayloadinnovation,vehicledesignandconstruction,andpublicengagement.1．WhatisthemaingoaloftheNASAStudentLaunchChallenge?A．Totrainprofessionalastronauts. B．Topromotestudents’explorationofSTEM.C．Totestnewrockettechnologies. D．ToselectfutureemployeesforNASA．2．Howlongdoestheonsiteeventslast?A．Ninemonths B．Twomonths. C．Fourdays. D．Oneday.3．WhatistheVehicleDesignAwardbasedon?A．Socialmediapopularityofthedesign. B．Themaximumpayloadofthevehicle.C．Closenesstothescheduledlaunchingheight. D．Thevehicle’sinnovationandpracticalperformance.Passage2SpaceXStarshiptestlaunchinOctober2024markedanothermilestonefortheworld’slargestandmostpowerfulrocket.ButadditionaldatacollectedindicatesStarshipmaybeevenmoredamagingtolocalmunitiesandwildlifethancriticspreviouslyfeared.Accordingtodatasetspublished,the30storytallStarship’s33enginesgenerateanywherebetween105and125decibels(分貝)duringitsliftoffandlanding,whichispowerfulenoughtocausestructuraldamagetobuildings.Gee,aprofessorinBrighamYoungUniversity,detectedthosesoundlevelsroughlysixmilesaway.“Thisisthelargestrocketeverbuilt.Itwouldstandtoreasonthatitwouldalsoproducethehighestlevelofnoiseamongallrocketseverconstructed.”Geesaid.Geestressesthatalthoughresearchersoftenmeasurenoiseusingdecibellevels,thereareothermeasurementsforsound.Sohebelievesit’sbesttoassessStarship’sloudnessbyparingittootherunderstandablequantities.Onthequieterend,Starship’sliftoffmaysoundsimilartoanaveragerockconcert.Atitsloudestthatnoiseisequaltohearingacloserangegunshot.AccordingtoenvironmentalengineerRoesch,the“rawpoweroutput”fromStarship’sSuperHeavyrocketshasincreased30percentsincetheFAA’sinitialriskreviewin2019,anamountexpectedtogrowoverfuturelaunches.RoeschcallspastassumptionsbytheFAA“notonlyfactuallylaughablebasedonanunderstandingofbasicphysics”butcontradictorytoNASA’sdecadesofAcousticModelingdocument.“Nobirdeggwillsurvivethatkindofimpact.MoredeathsforanimalsarenotaccountedforintheFAA’sriskassessment.”GeedeclinestoofferapersonalopinionregardingSpaceX’songoingStarshiplaunchschedule,andbelieveshumanity’sfuturemayrequirespacetravel.Inthemeantime,hehopesthenewdatawillinformpolicyandregulatorydecisions.“Wearetalkingaboutlevelsthatpeoplefoundunacceptablebefore,”hesays.4．HowdidGeeconcludeSpaceX’srocketwouldbetheloudesteverbuilt?A．Hemeasuredthedecibellevelsdirectly. B．Hecalculatedtherocket’senginepower.C．Heinferredfromtherocket’sdimensions. D．Hecheckedallthedatasetspublished.5．WhydoesGeementiongunshot?A．Toindicatepossibledamage. B．Tomakereadersamused.C．Tomeasuresoundsaccurately. D．Todescribenoiselevelsvividly.6．WhatdidRoeschthinkofFAA’sassumptions?A．Factualbutcontradictory. B．Illogicalandinaccurate.C．Optimisticbutsimple. D．Irrelevantandoutdated.7．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．AnimalinjuriesduringSpaceX’slaunches.B．FairprospectsforSpaceX’sStarshipproject.C．TechnicaldrawbacksofSpaceX’srocketengines.D．EnvironmentalimpactofSpaceX’sStarshiplaunch.Passage3（2025高二上·浙江杭州·期末）ScientistscannowconductspaceresearchonEarthasChina’s“groundspacestation”hasbeenputintotrialoperation,reportedXinhua.ThefacilityiscalledSpaceEnvironmentSimulationandResearchInfrastructure(SESRI).SESRIsimulates(模擬)conditionsinspaceandisdesignedforstudyingbasicspacescience.Thiswillhelpscientistsdoexperimentsthattheynormallydoinspace.SESRIisjointlydevelopedbytheHarbinInstituteofTechnologyandtheChinaAerospaceScienceandTechnologyCorporation.“SpaceisverydifferentfromtheenvironmentonEarthandcanhavedifferenteffectsonspacecraft.Whatwedohereistoexplorehowtheeffectstakeplaceandwhy,”LiLiyi,executivedeputydirectorofSESRI,toldGuangmingDaily.Atthefacility,thereisadevicethatsimulatesthespaceenvironmentfrom100kilometersawayfromEarthtothesun.Inthisarea,morethan99percentofvisiblematterisinaplasma(等離子體)stateinwhichgasisinahighlychargedandenergeticstateofmatter.Byrecreatingtheenvironment,thedevicecantesthowplasmaaffectsspacecraft.Also,oneofthebiggestproblemsmannedspacetravelfacesiswhenspacecraftenterEarth’satmosphere,theyaresurroundedbyplasma,leadingtomunicationblackouts(黑障).Thetestcentercanalsohelpsolvethisissueasresearchersnowhavemoreopportunitiestodotests.Theresearchersfacedmanychallengeswhenbuildingthesimulationsystem,asconnectingvariouspartsofthedevicecanbeveryplicated.“Weheldmorethan700meetingsoveraconnectionproblemalone.”JinChenggangatthefacilitytoldHeilongjiangNews.SESRIalsohassimulationsystemsforthemoonandMars,whichcanrecreatethevacuum,extremetemperatures,andspaceradiationthatastronautswouldencounteronthesespacebodies.Thesystemswillhelpastronautspreparefortheirmissionstotheseplacesinthefuture,reportedGuangmingDaily.Inthefuture,theplatformwillalsoplayanimportantroleinareasincludingbrainscience,lifeandhealthresearch,andthedevelopmentofhighendinstruments.8．Whatisthemainbenefitofsimulatingspaceenvironment?A．SupportingspaceresearchonEarth. B．Reducingthecostofspacemissions.C．Studyingtheeffectsofspaceonhumans. D．Improvingourunderstandingofblackholes.9．WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A．Thechallengeofspaceexploration. B．TheriskofexperimentsattheSESRI.C．Thebenefitofspaceexploration. D．ThefunctionofthedeviceattheSESRI.10．WhydoestheauthorquoteJinChenggang’swords?A．Toshareapersonalstoryaboutthebuildingprocess.B．Toshowthedifficultiesofbuildingthesimulationsystem.C．Tohighlighttheimportanceofpreparationsfortheresearch.D．Toemphasizethechallengesofworkingwithotherresearchteams.11．Whatdoestheauthorimplyinthelastparagraph?A．Spacesimulationmaybecostly.B．Spacesimulationraisessocialconcerns.C．Internationalcooperationiscrucialforspacesimulation.D．Spacesimulationhasgreatpotentialforfutureexploration.Passage4InMortenTyldum’smoviePassengers,charactersJimPrestonandAuroraLaneareona120yearinterstellarjourneywith5,000otherpeople.Theirdestination:HomesteadⅡ,anewworldtostarttheirlivesanew.Tosurvivethetravel,passengersenteredhibernation(冬眠),eachonefrozenintheirownpod.However,somethinggoeswrongandJimandAurorawakeup90yearstooearly.ButwhatifwetoldyouthathibernationforspacetravelismorelikelytohappenthantheromanticstorybetweenJimandAurora?Hibernationisastateinwhichlivingorganismsslowdowntheirmetabolic(新陳代謝的)processeswhilemaintainingessentialfunctions.Onceinsidethesepods,astronautswillgetdrugstoadjustmetabolism,reducecoretemperature,andcauseinactivity.OncebackonEarth,theywillwakeupandgraduallyreadopttheirnormalfunctionalmetabolism.ForgoingtoMars,astronautswouldrequireabout30kgoffood,water,air,andothersuppliesperday.Thus,hibernationcansignificantlycutdownontheiressentialneeds.Additionally,hibernatingastronautswouldn’tgetbored,stressed,orlonely,andlesstimeandspacewouldbeneededtohelpkeepthemfitorentertained.Butthisismerelythetheory.Spaceagenciesareinvestigatingwhetherreducingbodytemperatureandlaterinducing(導(dǎo)致)metabolismisamorepracticaloption,while,mostresearchprojectsarecurrentlyfocusingonanimals.Thequestionis:howcanweevokehibernationinspeciesthatarenotnormallydoingthat?Andthisiswhytheresearchonrats,notnaturallyhibernatinganimals,isinteresting.Researchonbearsisalsoimportantsincetheirbodysizeismorerelatabletoours.TheconceptisnotbeingconsideredfortheforthingMarsmission,butforlongermissionstofartherdestinationssuchastheouterplanets,itcouldbeaveryusefultechnology.Hibernationforhumansisanethicallycontroversialconcept,andcriticsmayconsideritasamadscientist’sdream.However,withoutsuchdreamers,humanitywouldstillbeintheMiddleAges.12．WhydoestheauthormentionthemoviePassengers?A．Toadvertiseapopularscifispacemovie.B．Tointroduceanewapproachtolongspaceflights.C．Toexplorethepossibilityofsettlinganotherplanet.D．Torevealthepotentialdangersoflongspacetravels.13．Whathappenstohibernatingastronauts?A．Theirfunctionalmetabolismisdisturbed.B．Theyneedmoretimeandspaceforentertainment.C．Theylosethebalancebetweenbasicneedsandsupplies.D．Theirphysicalandmentalneedsarereducedtoaminimum.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“evoke”inparagraph4mean?A．Initiate. B．Justify. C．Define. D．Prioritize.15．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhibernationforhumans?A．Itmaybeariskystrategy. B．Itisadreamhardtorealize.C．Itcanadvancesocialprogress. D．Itchallengestraditionalmoralvalues.Passage5Spaceismostlyavastvacuum,yetthepartaroundEarthisahumaninfluencedenvironmentcrucialforsociety.Inrecentyears,wehaveexploredEarth’sincreasedvulnerabilitytospacialeventsandhowtheworldneedstorespond.Spacedangershavealwaysthreatenedthisplanet.Agiantasteroid(小行星)impactprobablykilledoffthedinosaurs,andasimilarstrikecouldsomedaydestroythehumanrace.ScientistshavestartedlaunchingspacebasedtelescopestotrackdangerousasteroidsandtestingmethodstosteerasteroidsawayfromEarth.Spaceweatherisanotherheadache.Bigsolarstormshappenaboutevery100years,andwe’reprobablyoverdueforone.Scientistscanpredictspaceweather,givingpeoplehours’orevenafewdays’warningtopreparefacilities.Butgovernmentshavetoknowhowtoactquicklywhentheygetsuchwarnings.Debrishatwe’veputintoorbitsurroundstheplanet,andthenumberofthingsupthereisrisingrapidly.Eventinypiecesofdebris,speedingasfastasbullets,candamagesatellitesthatprovidecriticalservicesonEarth’ssurfaceand,intheprocess,possiblycreateyetmoredebristhatthreatensotherobjectsinorbit.Humansarealsomakingtheskybrighterfrombelow,throughtheuseofincreasinglyintenseandwidespreadlighting,andfromabove,viasatellitesand,yes,allthatspacedebrisreflectingsunlightdowntoearth.Lightpollutioninterruptspeople’scircadianrhythms(晝夜節(jié)律)andharmstheirsleepandtheirmentalandphysicalhealth.Countriesthatareemployingspacealsoneedtopolluteless.Theyshouldworktogetheranddevelopunifiedstandardsforhowandwhenpeoplecanlaunchsatellites,rocketsandmoreintoorbit.Oneunderstandablereactiontoalltheseconcerns:Humanityhasahardenoughtimetakingcareofthelandenvironment;you’retellingmethere’sanotherone?Unfortunately,yes.Evenashumansstruggletopreservethegroundwewalkonortheairwebreathe,governmentsallovertheworldneedtotakecareofthezonefaraboveourheads,too.Acting,however,isoftenthehardestpart.16．Whatcanbeinferredfromthetextabouttheresponsetospacebasedthreats?A．Scientistshaven’tmentallypreparedforasteroidthreats.B．Authoritiescanreactquicklytospaceweatherwarnings.C．Lightpollutionisnotseriousenoughtorequireattention.D．Internationalactionislackinginsolvingspaceproblems.17．Whichofthefollowingisanimpactoflightpollution?A．Itcausesdamagetosatellitesinorbit. B．Itdisruptsastronomicalobservations.C．Itharmspeople’swellbeing. D．Itincreasesspacedebris.18．Whatwilltheauthorprobablycontinuetowriteafterthelastparagraph?A．Measurestolimitallhumanactivitiesinspace.B．Suggestedexamplesofgovernmentactionsinspace.C．ThenegativeimpactofprotectingthespaceontheEarth.D．Thedifferenceofthespaceenvironmentfromthelandone.19．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A．Space:TheFinalCleanFrontier B．SpaceDangersandEarthDefenseC．Satellites:TheKeytoSpaceSafety D．TheOddWorldofSpaceExplorationPassage6Astronautsembarkingonlongjourneysindeepspacecan’tpackallthecaloriestheywillneedintheformoffreezedriedfood.Theyalsocan’tgroweverythingthey’llneed,asonboardgardentechnologyisn’tmatureenoughtoturnoutfreshproduce.Giventhosenutritionalrestrictions,agroupofengineersthinksfuturespacetravelersshouldchangetheirdiets.InastudypublishedinTheInternationalJournalofAstrobiology,scientistssuggestthatastronautscouldlooktoasteroids(小行星)forallyoucaneatmeals.Theywouldn’tbechewingtherocksthemselves.Instead,achemicalandphysicalprocesswouldbreakdownanasteroid’smaterial,andtheresultingorganicponentswouldthenbefedtobacteria.Afterthebacteriawerefull,theastronautscouldconsumethecollectionofmicrobes(微生物)—moreappetizinglyreferredtoas“biomass”(生物質(zhì)).Thisideahasoriginsinamoreearthlyproject,sponsoredbyDefenseAdvancedResearchProjectsAgencyoftheUSDepartmentofDefense.Oneoftheagency’sprograms,ReSource,tasksresearcherswithtakingplasticwasteproducedbytroopsandturningitintosomethinguseful.JoshuaPearce,anengineeringprofessorwhoiscollaboratingontheproject,thoughttheycouldturnthoseplasticfoodcontainersintomorefood.Dr.Pearcewasdiscussingthisplasticworkwithhis“spacefriends”,whopointedoutthatasteroidsaren’tsodifferentfromplastic,atleastfromthemicrobes’perspective:theybothcontainalotofcarbon.Theproblemiswhethermicrobeswill,infact,eatasteroids.That’ssomethingAnnemiekWaajenofVUAmsterdamhasinvestigated,feedingbacteriameteorite(隕石)materialpiecesofspacerockthathavefallentoEarth.Theyconsumeditscarbonandgrew,accordingtoherresearch.Dr.Waajenthinksasteroidfoodmakessensebiochemically,butthatitwillremainacuriousideaforawhile.“Itissomethingthat’sstillalongwayaway,”shesaid.ThespacepartgivesStephenTechtmann,aMichiganTechnologicalUniversitymicrobiologist,pause.“Howdothoseassumptionsactuallytranslatewhenyougetitintothatenvironment?”hesaid.Oneproblemisthatasteroidsarenotchemicalclonesofeachother.“Changingfromasteroidtoasteroidmightbechallenging,”healsosaid.Dr.Pearceiswillingtotrytosortthatout,hopingtogatherdatademonstratingthatthebiomassmealsarelikelytobeproducedandsafetoconsume.“IalreadypromisedIwouldbethefirstonetotakeabite,”hesaid.Despitethechallengesofprovidingastronautswithabalancedanddeliciousdiet,webelievethattheendofscientificexplorationisfinallyasolution.20．Whattroubledoastronautsindeepspacehaveaccordingtothepassage?A．Theypossiblystarveforlackoffood. B．Theyareaddictedtofreezedriedfood.C．Theyaredependentonfreshproduce. D．Theylikelyfacenutritionalimbalance.21．Whatistheassumedalternativedietforastronauts?A．Asteroids. B．Biomass. C．Bacteria. D．Meteorites.22．WhichofthefollowingdoesStephenTechtmannagreewith?A．Itremainstobeexploredwhethertheprojectcanberealized.B．Itispletelyimpracticableformicrobestoeatasteroids.C．Thereisdoubtarisingaboutthesafetyofthemicrobemeal.D．Thereisnoneedtocontinuewiththisasteroidproject.23．What’stheauthor’sattitudetotheideaoflookingtoasteroidsformeals?A．Intolerant B．Doubtful C．Favorable D．DismissivePassage7ThePerseverancerover(探測(cè)器)hasdiscoveredsignsofwaterontheMartiansurface,appearingasdarklinesthatchangewiththeseasons.ScientiststendtothinkthattheselinesarecausedbyshortlivedflowsofsaltywaterduringMars’warmermonthswhentemperaturesriseabovethefreezingpoint.Water,necessaryforlife,isfoundwhereverlifeexistsonourplanet.ThattheremaybewateronMars,eveninsmallamounts,raisesthepossibilitythattheplanetmayhavesupportedlifeformsinthepastorcouldpossiblyhostsomeformoflifetoday.ThislatestdiscoveryisamajorstepinourjourneytounderstandMarsanditspotential(可能性)tohostlife.ThePerseveranceroverisequippedwithasetofscientifictoolsthatarehelpingscientistsinexaminingtheMartianenvironment.Itstoptaskistosearchforsignsofancientlifeformsandtocollectsamples(樣本)ofrockandsoil,whichcouldbereturnedtoEarthinfuturetasksforfurtherstudy.Bylookingcloselyatthedirtandrocksamples,scientistsarehopingtofindthebasicpiecesthatmakeuplife,whichcouldgiveuscluesaboutwhetherMarswaseveragoodplaceforlifetodevelop.ThesearchforwateronMarsisnotjustaboutfindingwater;it’saboutfindingourplaceintheuniverse.EachdiscoverymadebythePerseveranceroverannouncesourinnovation(創(chuàng)新)andourendlesssearching.Aswestandontheedgeofthesediscoveries,theuniverseseemsalittlelessvastandmorefamiliar.ThesearchforwateronMarsis,infact,asearchforsignsoflifeandareflectionofourownexistenceamongthestars.AsthePerseverancerovercontinuesitsexploration,wecanlookforwardtomorefindingsthatwillbringusclosertoansweringtheageoldquestion:Arewealoneintheuniverse?24．WhatpossiblycausesthedarklinesontheMartiansurface?A．Thefreezingpoint. B．Risingtemperature.C．Flowsofsaltywater. D．Movementofplanets.25．WhatisoneaimofthePerseverancerover?A．TomapthesurfaceofMars. B．TofindcluestolifeformsonMars.C．ToexaminesamplesfromMars. D．ToadapttotheenvironmentonMars.26．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A．Marsoffersabetterhometomankind.B．Thesurvivalofmankindisunderthreat.C．Ourexplorationandinnovationneverend.D．ThediscoveryallowshumanstolandonMars.27．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．ResearchonMarsUnfinished B．TaskonMarspletedC．MartianLifeFormsDiscovered D．WaterSignsFoundonMarsPassage8UsingEinstein’stheoryofgeneralrelativity,Americanphysicistsfoundthatclocksonthemoonwouldrun56microsecondsfasterthanclocksonEarth.Thatfindingwillhelpfuturelunarmissionsnavigatemoresafely.InApril2024,theWhiteHouseissuedachallengetoscientiststoestablishalunartimestandard,lookingaheadtoincreasedinternationalpresenceontheMoonandpotentialhumanbasesaspartofNASA’sArtemisInitiative.Therealquestionbeingpuzzledoverisn’t“Whattimeisit?”but,rather,“Howquicklydoestimepass?”Whattimeaclockreadscanbesetbyanytimekeeper,butphysicsdetermineshowquicklytimepasses.Intheearlyyearsofthe20thcentury,AlbertEinsteindeterminedthattwoobserverswon’tagreeonhowlonganhourisiftheyaren’tmovingatthesamespeedinthesamedirection.ThatdisagreementalsoholdsbetweenapersononEarth’ssurfaceandanotherinorbitorontheMoon.“IfweareontheMoon,clocksaregoingtotickdifferentlythanonEarth,”saidtheoreticalphysicistBijunathPatlaoftheNationalInstituteofStandardsandTechnology(NIST)inBoulder,Colo.HenotedthattheMoon’smotionrelativetooursmakesclocksrunslowerthanEarthstandard,butitslowergravityleadstoclocksrunningfaster.“Sothesearetwopetingeffects,andthenetresultofthisisa56microsecondsperdaydrift.”(That’s0.000056second.)PatlaandhisNISTphysicistcolleagueNeilAshbyusedEinstein’stheoryofgeneralrelativitytocalculatethisnumber,animprovementoverpreviousanalyses.TheypublishedtheirresultsintheAstronomicalJournal.Thougha56microseconddifferenceissmallbyhumanstandards,it’ssignificantwhenitestoguidingmultiplemissionswithpinpointaccuracyormunicatingbetweentheEarthandtheMoon.“ThefundamentalthingissafetyofnavigationinthecontextofalunarecosystemwhenyouhavemoremissionsontheMoonthanyouhavenow,”saidCherylGramling,asystemsengineeratNASA’sGoddardSpaceFlightCenter.“Whenitestonavigation,adriftof56microsecondsoveradaybetweenaclockontheMoonandaclockonEarthisabigdifference,soyouhavetoacmodatethat.”28．WhatistheprimaryfocusofthechallengeissuedbytheWhiteHouseinApril2024?A．Tosetalunartimestandardforfuturemissions.B．TodeterminetheexacttimeittakestotraveltotheMoon.C．Toinvestigatetheeffectsofmicrogravityonhumanbiology.D．Tocreateauniversaltimekeepingsystemforallspacemissions.29．AccordingtoBijunathPatla,whatarethetwopetingeffectsthatcauseclockstotickdifferentlyontheMoon?A．TheMoon’sphasesandtheEarth’srotationspeed.B．TheMoon’smotionrelativetotheEarthanditslowergravity.C．TheMoon’sdistancefromtheEarthanditslackofatmosphere.D．ThetemperaturevariationsontheMoonandtheEarth’smagneticfield.30．Whatisthesignificanceofthe56microseconddifferencecalculatedbyPatlaandNeilAshby?A．Itimprovestheaccuracyofspacemissions.B．ItshowsthelimitsofEinstein’stheorytoday.C．Ithasnopracticalapplicationincurrentastronomyresearch.D．Itrevealsanerrorinearlierstudiesoftimedifferenceinspace.31．Whatisthebasicaspectofnavigationinalunarecosystem,accordingtoCherylGramling?A．Thesafetyofthemission.B．Thedesignoflunarhabitats.C．ThespeedofspacecrafttravelingtotheMoon.D．ThemunicationsystemsbetweentheEarthandtheMoon.Passage9TextingontheMoonorlivestreamingonMarsmaybecloserthanyouthink.That’sbecauseNASAandthecellphoneproducerNokiaareworkingtogethertosetupa4Gcellular(蜂窩狀的)networkontheMoon.Thepartnershipishelpingtoprovidewhatcouldbethefirststepsforpeople’slongtermpresenceonotherplanets.Whilethisseemslikesomethingoutofsciencefiction,therealityisthataSpaceXrocketlaunchedlaterin2024anditcarrieda4GnetworktothesurfaceoftheMoon.Thelander,madebytheUSpanyIntuitiveMachines,willputinthissystemontheMoon’ssouthpoleanditwillberemotelyoperatedfromtheEarth.The4GnetworkwhichisbeingbuiltbyNokia’sBellLabsandisessentiallyanetworkinabox,hastobestrongenoughtooperateinthesevereconditionsofthelunar(月球的)environment.“Thefirstchallengetogettinganetworkupandrunningishavingspacequalifiedcellularequipmentthatmeetstheappropriatesize,weight,andpowerrequirements,aswellasbeingdeployed(部署)withoutatechnician,”WaltEngelund,deputyassociateadministratorforprogramsatNASA’sSpaceTechnologyMissionDirectorate,toldCNN.ItiscriticaltobeabletomunicateviacellularconnectivityforNASA’sArtemisprogramwhichhopestoreturnastronautstotheMoonthisdecade.Astronautscurrentlymunicatewitheachotherbyradiosbutamoresophisticatedsystemisneeded.“BeingabletomunicateontheMooniscriticaltoArtemis—ascriticalasanyothermissionelementlikepower,watertodrink,andairtobreathe,”saidEngelund.“Eventually,thiseffortwillhelpestablishalunarmunicationsnetworkthatcouldgiveourexplorerstheabilitytosendscientificdataback,municatewithmissioncontrol,andtalktotheirfamilies,asiftheywerewalkingdownthestreetontheircellphones.”32．WhatareNASAandNokiadoingtogether?A．LivestreamingonMars.B．SendingarockettoMars.C．BuildingaMoon4Gnetwork.D．Makingspecialphonesforspace.33．Whatmakestheprojectchallenging?A．Thedistancefromtheearth.B．TheMoon’ssevereconditions.C．Theneedforbettertechnology.D．ThelackoftechniciansontheMoon.34．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“sophisticated”inparagraph5mean?A．Advanced. B．municative.C．Educational. D．Scientific.35．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A．Thenetworkisonlyforsendingdataback.B．municationisasimportantaslifesupport.C．Thenetworkhelpswithfamilycallsonthestreet.D．Drinkingandbreathingarehardfortheexplorers.Passage10（2025高二上·河北廊坊·期末）Spaceisaveryunfriendlyplaceforhumanstolivein.Whetheryou’reinthesunlightornot,it’seitherextremelycoldorsuperhot.Therearealsomanyhiddendangers.Eventhoughastronautshaveoxygenandastabletemperatureprovidedbytheirspacecraft,theyseemtogetsickmoreeasilythelongertheystayawayfromEarth.AreportpublishedonOctober22nd;2024,bytheGuyFoundation,aBritishnonprofitorganizationthatstudiestheconnectionsbetweenphysicsandbiology,hasfoundnewpossiblehealthrisksforastronauts.Thisreport,whichisbasedonseveralrecentresearchstudies,saysthatlongspacetripsorlivingonotherplanetsmigh