Ⅰ.閱讀單詞——會(huì)意1．internaladj.內(nèi)部的2．fountainn．噴水池3．foundationn．基金會(huì)4．missionn．職責(zé)；使命5．territoryn．地區(qū)，地方6．institutionn．機(jī)構(gòu)，團(tuán)體7．registrationn．登記，注冊(cè)8．Jewishadj.猶太人的，猶太教的9．militaryn．軍隊(duì)10．certificaten．證明書，證書11．ministryn．(政府的)部Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)單詞——記形1．fundv．為……提供資金，資助n．基金2．recyclev．再利用，回收利用3．insightn．頓悟，猛醒4．realityn．真實(shí)，現(xiàn)實(shí)5．diseasen．疾病，病6．cancern．癌癥7．royaladj.王室的，皇家的8．confirmationn．證實(shí)，證明9．a(chǎn)idv．幫助，援助10．chiefadj.最高級(jí)別的，首席的11．obtainv．獲得，得到12．drugn．藥物，藥材13．furtheradj.更多的，附加的Ⅲ.拓展單詞——悉變1．contributionn．貢獻(xiàn)→contributev．貢獻(xiàn)；捐助；投稿2．reliefn．減輕，緩解→relievev．減輕，緩解3．shortagen．短缺，不足，缺乏→shortadj.短的；缺少的→shortenv．(使)變短4．effectiveadj.有效的，產(chǎn)生預(yù)期效果的→effectn．效果5．earnv．掙(錢)→earningsn．收入6．donatev．捐贈(zèng)，捐獻(xiàn)→donationn．捐獻(xiàn)→donorn．捐贈(zèng)者7．perseverancen．不屈不撓，堅(jiān)持不懈→perseverevi.堅(jiān)持；孜孜以求8．extendv．持續(xù)；延伸；擴(kuò)展→extensiveadj.廣闊的；廣泛的→extensionn．?dāng)U大；延伸9．disabilityn．殘疾，殘障→disabledadj.殘疾的→ableadj.有能力的→abilityn．能力→enablevt.使能夠；使成為可能10．sensitiveadj.敏感的，容易生氣的→sensen．感官；感覺；理解力→sensibleadj.明智的；合理的11．generousadj.慷慨的，大方的→generosityn．慷慨，大方12．hesitatev．遲疑，猶豫→hesitationn．遲疑，猶豫13．a(chǎn)ssistancen．幫助，援助→assistv．幫助，援助→assistantn．助理；助手14．temporaryadj.短期的，短暫的；臨時(shí)的→temporarilyadv.短期地，短暫地；臨時(shí)地15．a(chǎn)chievementn．成績(jī)，成就→achievev．實(shí)現(xiàn)16．majoradj.重要的，主要的vi.主修n．主修課程→majorityn．大多數(shù)17．treatmentn．治療；療法→treatv．治療；對(duì)待1．divorce/dI'v??s/vi.&vt.離婚；判(某人)離婚；使分離n．離婚；分離2．correlate/'k?r?leIt/vi.&vt.使相互關(guān)聯(lián)n．相關(guān)的事物3．incorporate/In'k??p?reIt/vt.將……包括在內(nèi)；包含4．filter/'fIlt?(r)/vi.滲入；透過；緩行vt.過濾；篩選n．過濾器；過濾程序filteroutsth濾除；濾掉5．exhausted/Iɡ'z??stId/adj.筋疲力盡的；枯竭的6．impulse/'Imp?ls/n．沖動(dòng)；心血來潮；脈沖；動(dòng)機(jī)7．whatsoever/?w?ts??'ev?(r)/adv.絲毫(不)；一點(diǎn)也(不)8．spontaneous/sp?n'teIni?s/adj.自發(fā)的；自然而生的9．earnest/'??nIst/adj.非常認(rèn)真的；真誠(chéng)的inearnest(更加)嚴(yán)肅地；認(rèn)真地；堅(jiān)定地10．phoney(NAmEphony)/'f??ni/adj.假的；冒充的；欺騙的Ⅳ.背核心短語1．breakintoasmile突然笑起來2．risetoone’sfeet站起身來3．lookacross眺望4．earnmoney賺錢，掙錢5．turnout出席；結(jié)果是，證明是；生產(chǎn)，制造6．makeadifference起作用，產(chǎn)生影響7．setup建立8．benefitfrom從……中受益9．comeupwith想出；提出10．transport...tosafety把……送到安全的地方11．keeprecordsof記錄12．takein接收；收留；理解；欺騙；吸收；包括13．a(chǎn)tonepoint一度；在某一時(shí)刻14．bring...toone’sattention使……被某人注意15．passaway去世Ⅴ.悟經(jīng)典句式1．Asasix-year-oldCanadianschoolboy，RyanhadtroublebelievingthewordsspokenbyhisteacherthatmanypeopleindevelopingAfricancountriescouldn’tgetenoughcleanwater.(havetroubledoing)作為一名六歲的加拿大小學(xué)生，瑞安難以相信他的老師所說的話：許多非洲發(fā)展中國(guó)家的人都喝不到足夠的干凈的水。2．Andwhyisthewatersodirtythatitmakesthemsick？(so...that...)為什么水那么臟，以至于讓他們生??？3．Whattheyneededwasawelldugneartheirhomes.(what引導(dǎo)主語從句)他們需要的是一口在他們家附近挖的井。4．Afterseveralmonths，Ryanhadraisedthe$2,000，withwhichawellwasbuiltnearaprimaryschoolinUganda.(“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語從句)幾個(gè)月后，瑞安籌集了2000美元，用這些錢在烏干達(dá)的一所小學(xué)附近建造了一口井。5．Theseareamongthe669children，mostofthemJewish，thatNicholasWintonwillgoontosavefromdeathatthehandsoftheNazis.(獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu))這些孩子大都是猶太人，他們是尼古拉斯·溫頓即將從納粹手里解救的669名兒童中的一部分。6．Onleavingschool，WintonworkedinbanksinGermanyandFrance.(ondoing...)一畢業(yè)，溫頓就先后在德國(guó)和法國(guó)的銀行工作。7．AstheChinesesayinggoes，“Akind-heartedpersonlivesalonglife.”(as引導(dǎo)定語從句)正如中國(guó)諺語所說的，“仁者壽?！雹?閱讀單詞(每小題1分，共7分)1．internaladj.內(nèi)部的2．fountainn．噴水池3．registrationn．登記，注冊(cè)4．foundationn．基金會(huì)5．missionn．職責(zé)；使命6．institutionn．機(jī)構(gòu)，團(tuán)體7．militaryn．軍隊(duì)Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)單詞(每小題1分，共12分)1．diseasen．疾病，病2．recyclev．再利用，回收利用3．insightn．頓悟，猛醒4．realityn．真實(shí)，現(xiàn)實(shí)5．cancern．癌癥6．confirmationn．證實(shí)，證明7．fundv．為……提供資金，資助n．基金8．furtheradj.更多的，附加的9．drugn．藥物，藥材10．obtainv．獲得，得到11．a(chǎn)idv．幫助，援助12．chiefadj.最高級(jí)別的，首席的Ⅲ.拓展單詞(每小題2分，共16分)1．shortagen．短缺，不足，缺乏→shortadj.短的；缺少的2．effectiveadj.有效的，產(chǎn)生預(yù)期效果的→effectn．效果3．donatev．捐贈(zèng)，捐獻(xiàn)→donationn．捐獻(xiàn)→donorn．捐贈(zèng)者4．perseverancen．不屈不撓，堅(jiān)持不懈→perseverevi.堅(jiān)持；孜孜以求5．disabilityn．殘疾，殘障→disabledadj.殘疾的→ableadj.有能力的→abilityn．能力→enablevt.使能夠；使成為可能6．sensitiveadj.敏感的，容易生氣的→sensen．感官；感覺；理解力→sensibleadj.明智的；合理的7．temporaryadj.短期的，短暫的；臨時(shí)的→temporarilyadv.短期地，短暫地；臨時(shí)地8．majoradj.重要的，主要的vi.主修n．主修課程→majorityn．大多數(shù)Ⅳ.拔高詞匯(每小題1分，共5分)1．divorcevi.&vt.離婚；判(某人)離婚；使分離n．離婚；分離2．exhaustedadj.筋疲力盡的；枯竭的3．whatsoeveradv.絲毫(不)；一點(diǎn)也(不)4．spontaneousadj.自發(fā)的；自然而生的5．earnestadj.非常認(rèn)真的；真誠(chéng)的Ⅴ.核心短語(每小題2分，共16分)1．lookacross眺望2．a(chǎn)tonepoint一度；在某一時(shí)刻3．keeprecordsof記錄4．takein接收；收留；理解；欺騙5．turnout出席；結(jié)果是，證明是；生產(chǎn)，制造6．bring...toone’sattention使……被某人注意7．passaway去世8．comeupwith想出；提出Ⅰ.詞形變化填空(每小題2分，共14分)1．MyforeignteacheroftenassistsstudentsinlearningEnglishandgivesassistancetoanyoneinneed.Iplantobeanassistantofhimnextyear.(assist)2．Althoughhehaddisabilities，hesucceededinachievinghisdreamsandwecelebratedtheachievementshehadmade.(achieve)3．Thewriterpersonallycontributed￡3,000totheearthquakefundlastweekandallhiscontributionsweregratefullyreceived.(contribute)4．Tomyrelief，whattheteacherdoesrelievesourstressinthestudy.(relief)5．Theman’saimistoearnmoremoneyanddonatehisearningstothelocalfoundation.(earn)6．Shewassogeneroustothepeopleinneedofhelpandhergenerosityinspiredmorepeopletohelpothers.(generous)7．Themanwillhelpyouwithouthesitation.Therefore，whenyouareintrouble，don’thesitatetoturntohimforhelp.(hesitate)Ⅱ.選詞填空(每小題3分，共15分)eq\x(breakintoasmile，risetoone'sfeet，makeadifference，setup，benefitfrom)1．Davidrosetohisfeetandcontinuedhisrunning，showingnosignofgivingup.2．Localgovernmentsetupsomenaturereservesindefenceofanimalsclosetoextinction.3．Surprisingly，seeinghismothersteppingtowardshim，thesix-month-oldbabybrokeintoasmile.4．Keepinmindthatasmallactofkindnesssometimescanmakeadifferencetoothers.5．Pleasejointheprogramandyouwillbenefitalotfromitespeciallyyourreadingability.Ⅲ.經(jīng)典句型仿寫(每小題3分，共15分)1．讓老師最生氣的是這個(gè)學(xué)生頻繁地對(duì)他撒謊。(what引導(dǎo)主語從句)Whatannoyedtheteachermostwasthatthisstudentfrequentlyliedtohim.2．(2020·全國(guó)Ⅰ，書面表達(dá))她是一位如此熱心且富有奉獻(xiàn)精神的老師，以至于贏得了普遍贊揚(yáng)。(so...that...)Sheissowarm-heartedanddedicatedateacherthatshehaswongeneralpraise.3．隨著體育場(chǎng)的建成，各種各樣的體育賽事將在此舉行，其中乒乓球、足球和跑步比賽非常受歡迎。(“介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語從句)Withthestadiumsetup，awiderangeofsportseventswillbeheldhere，ofwhichping-pong，footballaswellasrunningcompetitionsenjoygreatpopularity.4．正如一句諺語所說，“不到長(zhǎng)城非好漢?！?as引導(dǎo)定語從句)Justasasayinggoes，“HewhohasneverbeentotheGreatWallisnotatrueman.”5．那時(shí)她意識(shí)到她無法起身，呼吸困難。(havetroubledoing)Thensherealizedthatshecouldnotgetup，andthatshewashavingtroublebreathing.LiHualivedinacity1.which/thatsufferedfromwatershortageforalongtime.Thegovernmentwantedtofindsomeeffectivemeasures2.tosolve(solve)theproblem.Therefore，somewater-savingfoundations3.wereestablished(establish)，whosechiefmissionwastolaunchsomewell-diggingprogrammes.Tomakecontributionstothereliefofthewatershortage，manycitizensweregeneroustodonatemoneytothe4.related(relate)institutions.LiHua，oneofthe5.donors(donor)，donatedthemoneyheearnedfromhispart-timejobs，andbecameoneofthevolunteerstoappeal6.tomorepeoplehowtosavewater.Theyalso7.taught(teach)peoplehowtostoreandrecyclewater.Withtheir8.assistance(assist)，thegovernment’sworkturnedouttobeeffective.9.Whattheydidbenefitedmanypeople，making10.agreatdifference.提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為本單元詞匯reliefn．(痛苦或憂慮等的)減輕或消除；寬慰，輕松(relievev．減輕，緩解；解除relievedadj.感到寬慰的，放心的)·in/withrelief欣慰地，釋然地toone’srelief(＝tothereliefofsb)令某人欣慰的是whatarelief總算松了一口氣；終于解脫了·relievesbof...幫助某人減輕(負(fù)擔(dān))；解除某人的職務(wù)(1)Whatarelief！Iamnotdiagnosedwiththeseriousdisease.(2)Hearingthathehadpassedthefinalexam，hesighedin/withreliefandbrokeintoasmile.(3)使我們感到欣慰的是，失蹤的孩子十天后回到了家，雖然很累，但很健康。Toourrelief，themissingchildreturnedhometendayslater，tiredbuthealthy.(4)(2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ，讀后續(xù)寫)我哽咽著說：“是你的慷慨幫助和及時(shí)指導(dǎo)減輕了我沉重的壓力?！盜chokedout，“Itisyourgenerousassistanceandtimelyguidancethathasrelievedmeoftheheavypressure/thathasrelievedmyheavypressure.”effectiveadj.有效的，產(chǎn)生預(yù)期效果的；生效的(effectn．結(jié)果；效力；影響；作用)haveaneffecton/upon對(duì)……有效；對(duì)……有影響come/gointoeffect生效；開始實(shí)施takeeffect生效；奏效bring/oeffect實(shí)施；實(shí)行；使……生效ineffect實(shí)際上；在實(shí)施中，有效sideeffect副作用(1)Favorablepoliciesareineffecttoencourageemployees’professionaldevelopment.(2)(話題寫作之茶文化)我介紹了制茶的歷史，這對(duì)他們更好地理解我們的飲茶文化有很大的影響。Iintroducedthehistoryoftea-making，whichhadagreateffecton/upontheirbetterunderstandingofourtea-drinkingculture.(3)(2023·北京，書面表達(dá))事實(shí)上，一旦上述有效措施生效，綠色北京將在不久的將來成為現(xiàn)實(shí)。Ineffect，oncetheaboveeffectivemeasurescome/gointoeffect/takeeffect/arebrought/putintoeffect，agreenBeijingwillbecomearealityinthenearfuture.hesitatev．猶豫，遲疑不決；顧慮，疑慮(hesitationn.猶豫；遲疑)·hesitateabout/over(doing)．..對(duì)(做)……感到猶豫hesitatetodosth遲疑做某事，對(duì)做某事有顧慮·withouthesitation毫不猶豫地havenohesitationindoingsth毫不猶豫地做某事(應(yīng)用文寫作之建議信)無論你何時(shí)有麻煩，我都會(huì)毫不猶豫地幫你一把。Wheneveryouareintrouble，Iwillnothesitateabouthelpingyouout/Iwillnothesitatetohelpyouout/Iwillhelpyououtwithouthesitation/Iwillhavenohesitationinhelpingyouout.majoradj.主要的；重要的；大的vi.主修，專門研究n．主修課程；主修學(xué)生(majorityn．大部分；大多數(shù))·majorin主修……·a/themajorityof大多數(shù)ina/themajority占大多數(shù)(1)Muchtomyrelief，studentssupportingmeareinthemajority，enablingmetobeelectedasthechairmanoftheStudentCouncil.(2)(應(yīng)用文寫作之申請(qǐng)信)作為一名主修英語的畢業(yè)生，我很高興能申請(qǐng)這個(gè)職位。作為一名英語專業(yè)的學(xué)生，我不僅能流利地說英語，還可以幫助你處理各種事務(wù)。AsagraduatemajoringinEnglish，Ifeelexcitedtoapplyfortheposition.Being/AsanEnglishmajor，notonlycanIspeakEnglishfluentlybutIalsocanaidyoutohandlevariousmatters.(3)(2020·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ，應(yīng)用文寫作)有些人中途放棄了，但是大部分參賽者都成功跑到了終點(diǎn)。Somepeoplegaveuphalfway，butthemajorityoftheparticipantsmadeittothefinishingline.breakintoasmile突然笑起來breakinto(及物)闖入；突然……起來breakin(不及物)破門而入，闖入；(onsth)打斷；插嘴breakaway(from)離開；脫離breakdown使分解；(機(jī)器)損壞，出故障；(談判)失敗；(身體)垮掉；消除；打破(障礙、偏見等)breakout爆發(fā)breakup粉碎；結(jié)束；解散；拆散；分手breakthrough取得突破；克服用break短語的正確形式填空(1)Thescientistbrokethroughinhisresearchandheclappedhishands，breakingintoasmile.(2)Aterriblequarrelbrokeoutbetweentheguyandhisparentsandnothingcouldbreakdownhisinneranger，sotheguystormedoutofthehouse，determiningonbreakingawayfromhisfamily.(3)Theinstantthesingerfinishedsingingafamoussong，alltheaudiencerosetotheirfeetandbrokeintothunderousapplause.(4)Shockedandconcerned，Ilearntthattheybrokeup，wonderingwhethertheycouldbecomefriendsagain.(5)Wearrivedhomeearlyonlytofindathieftryingtobreakin.獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)Theseareamongthe669children，mostofthemJewish，thatNicholasWintonwillgoontosavefromdeathatthehandsoftheNazis.這些孩子大都是猶太人，他們是尼古拉斯·溫頓即將從納粹手里解救的669名兒童中的一部分?！お?dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)在句中一般作狀語，表示時(shí)間、條件、原因、伴隨狀況等?！お?dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的常用形式：n./pron.＋v.-ing/v.-ed/todo/adj./adv./n./prep.(1)(讀后續(xù)寫之心理描寫)我緊張地看著爸爸，雙腿顫抖著，心狂跳著。Ilookedatmyfathernervously，mylegstremblingandmyheartbeatingwildly.(2)(2021·浙江6月，應(yīng)用文寫作)學(xué)生國(guó)畫作品展上展覽了許多好作品，我堅(jiān)信每個(gè)人都會(huì)因?yàn)檫@次活動(dòng)對(duì)中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化有更深的理解。Manywonderfulworksshown/exhibitedontheStudents’ChinesePaintingExhibition，IfirmlybelievethateveryonewillhaveadeeperunderstandingoftraditionalChineseculturethroughthisevent.(3)(讀后續(xù)寫之情緒描寫)期末考試不及格，小女孩慢騰騰地走進(jìn)客廳，羞愧得滿臉通紅。Havingfailedintheend-of-termexamination，thelittlegirldraggedherfeetintothesittingroom，herfaceredwithextremeshame.(4)(2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ，讀后續(xù)寫)Withthewritingcontestover，Ialmostforgotit，notcaringaboutwhetherIwouldwinornot.＝Thewritingcontestover，Ialmostforgotit，notcaringaboutwhetherIwouldwinornot.(用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)改寫)on/upondoing...Onleavingschool，WintonworkedinbanksinGermanyandFrance.一畢業(yè)，溫頓就先后在德國(guó)和法國(guó)的銀行工作。on/upon＋n./doingsth表示“一……就……”，相當(dāng)于assoonas引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句。(1)Inreality，onhisarrival(arrive)inParis，hewascaughtbysomepolicemenatonce.(2)(2020·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ，讀后續(xù)寫)一聽說伯納德陷入困境，約翰立即致力于通過做爆米花幫助他。Upon/OnlearningthatBernardwascaughtindifficulty，Johnwasimmediatelycommittedtohelpinghimbymakingpopcorn.(3)(2021·浙江1月，讀后續(xù)寫)我的頭一從大南瓜里被拔出來，我就松了一口氣。①Theinstant/Themoment/Assoonasmyheadhadbeenpulledoutofthehugepumpkin，Isighedinrelief.②Hardly/ScarcelyhadmyheadbeenpulledoutofthehugepumpkinwhenIsighedinrelief.(倒裝句)用法點(diǎn)撥(1)表示“一……就……”的還有：themoment/theinstant/theminute＋從句，immediately/instantly/directly/once＋從句，hardly/scarcely...when...，nosooner...than...等。(2)在hardly/scarcely...when...和nosooner...than...中，主句常用過去完成時(shí)，從句常用一般過去時(shí)。當(dāng)hardly，scarcely，nosooner放在句首時(shí)，主句要用部分倒裝語序。提示：題干中加底紋詞匯為上一單元詞匯Ⅰ.一詞多義練/熟詞生義練——清除閱讀障礙1．takeineq\x(A.吸收，攝入B.收留C.理解D.欺騙E.包含，包括)(1)Thisisthetotalcostofyourtrip，takingeverythingin.E(2)Tobefrank，shejustcan’ttakeinwhattheteacherissaying.C(3)MyheartsankwhenIknewtheoldladywashomeless，soItookherin.B(4)Don’tbetakeninbyproductspromisingtomakeyouloseweightquickly.D(5)Treestakeincarbondioxideandgiveoutoxygen.A2．快速閱讀下列句子并猜測(cè)句中加黑詞匯的意思(1)Shehasafundofknowledgeaboutmodernjazzandthereforeyoucanturntoherforhelp.n.(相當(dāng)?shù)?數(shù)量，儲(chǔ)備(2)Noonecandenythefactthattourismisthefountainofwealthforthecity.n.基礎(chǔ)(3)Thisisamagazinewithcontributionsfromwell-knowntravelwriters.n.稿件，作品(4)(2022·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ)Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthatwerepreviouslyunprotected，bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthoritytoincreaseeffectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.vt.提供，給予Ⅱ.核心知識(shí)強(qiáng)化練——鞏固語言知識(shí)1．Youcan’timagineitwasthebeggarwhocameupwiththegoodideatoensureyoursafety!2．Theyrushedoutwithconcerninstantly(instant)theyheardtheshoutforhelp.3．Themillionairedecidedtosetupanfoundationtohelpthoseintroubleout.4．Withtheaidofthekindneighbour，weresolvedtheproblematlast.5．Tobefrank，Ididn’tknowthespecificstepsinthetreatment(treat)forburnsandsoanxiouswasIthattearswelledupinmyeyes.6.Apartfromsnakes，fishisalsoacold-bloodedanimalandisquitesensitivetowatertemperature.7．OurEnglishteachertelling(tell)ususefullearningstrategies，wehavegreatlyimprovedourgrades.8．Ashortage(short)oftimecausedmyfailure，whichmademequiteannoyed.9．Whatletmedownwasthathedidn’tputforwardanyeffective(effect)measures.10．Muchtomyrelief(relieve)，hedidn’tfindfaultwithmeanylonger.假設(shè)你是李華，上周末去學(xué)校周邊某社區(qū)參加了志愿者活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)給你校官網(wǎng)英文專欄寫一篇報(bào)道，要點(diǎn)包括：1.活動(dòng)概況；2.感悟與收獲。完成句子1．上周末，我們?nèi)W(xué)校附近的一個(gè)社區(qū)做了一些志愿者工作，這對(duì)整個(gè)社區(qū)產(chǎn)生了很大的影響。(makeadifference；定語從句)2．早上一到那里，我們就受到了大家的熱烈歡迎。(upondoing)3．我們中的一些人去了社區(qū)養(yǎng)老院，那些主修音樂的學(xué)生給老人們唱了優(yōu)美的歌曲。(majorin；定語從句)4．老人們是如此高興，他們笑了起來。(breakintoasmile；倒裝句)5．街道被打掃干凈，垃圾被收集起來，整個(gè)社區(qū)煥然一新。(獨(dú)立主格)組句成篇把以上句子用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^渡詞語和過渡句組成一篇80詞左右的短文。參考范文ManyHandsMakeLightWorkLastweekendwewenttoacommunitynearourschooltodosomevolunteerwork，whichmadeagreatdifferencetothewholecommunity.Upongettingthereinthemorning，wewerewarmlywelcomedbyeverybody.Soonwegotdowntowork.Someofuswenttothecommunitynursinghomeandthosewhomajorinmusicsangsweetsongstotheelderly.Sodelightedweretheelderlythattheybrokeintoasmile.Theothersjoinedthelocalstocleanupthecommunity.Afteraboutonehour，thestreetscleanedandrubbishcollected，thewholecommunitytookonanewlook.Theactivitydidnotlastlong，butwelearnedalot.Byjoiningourhands，wecanachievebigthingsandmaketheworldabetterplace.教材語料整合亮詞[情感描寫]relief；breakintoasmile；sensitive[動(dòng)作描寫]risetoone’sfeet；extend；assistance；aid；obtain[人物描寫]generous；hesitate；insight；perseverance美句1.Healsosawhundredsofdelightedstudentswhohadturnedouttowelcomehim.Theysanganddancedhappily.(情感描寫)2．AtfirstRyanwasnervous，butsoonagreatwarmthfilledhim.Hereallyhadmadeadifferenceforthesechildren.Hebrokeintoajoyfulsmile.(情感描寫)3．Theirheartbrokenparentsdonotjointhem.Indeed，theyfeartheymayneverseetheirchildrenagain.(情感描寫)拓展語料積累情感細(xì)節(jié)描寫：驚訝(一)單詞open-mouthedadj.驚愕得張大嘴的；目瞪口呆的surprise/amaze/astonishvt.使吃驚，使驚訝→surprised/amazed/astonishedadj.吃驚的，驚訝的→surprising/amazing/astonishingadj.令人吃驚的→surprise/amazement/astonishmentn．驚訝shockvt.使震驚n．震驚→shockingadj.令人震驚的→shockedadj.震驚的詞塊muchtoone’sshock/astonishment/surprise/amazement令某人很震驚/吃驚/驚訝/驚奇的是indisbelief難以置信地comeasashocktosb讓某人震驚alookofsurprisespreadsover/flashesacrossone’sface臉上出現(xiàn)/掠過驚訝的表情havealookofsurpriseonone’sface某人臉上露出驚訝的表情eyeswideninsurprise/astonishment驚訝地睜大眼睛stare/lookatsbwithwideeyes目瞪口呆地看著某人one’smouthdrops/hangsopeninsurprise驚訝地張大嘴句型ItgavemeashockwhenIrealized...當(dāng)我意識(shí)到……，我感到震驚。Hefroze，hismouthhangingopeninsurprise.(獨(dú)立主格)他僵住了，驚訝地張著嘴。Ijumpedtomyfeetindisbeliefandsteppedbackinnotime.我難以置信地跳了起來，立刻后退了一步。Ifrozewithshock，asifrootedtotheground.(狀語從句的省略)我震驚得僵住了，仿佛在地上扎了根。Igotfirstprizeinthewritingcompetition，withasparkofsurpriseflashingacrossmyface.(with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))我在寫作比賽中得了第一名，臉上閃過一絲驚喜。Staringathimwithwideeyes，Ihardlybelievedwhathehaddone.(現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語)我目瞪口呆地看著他，簡(jiǎn)直不敢相信他所做的一切。Astonishedandexcited，Igotpraiseinfrontofmyclassmates.(形容詞短語作狀語)我既驚訝又興奮，在同學(xué)面前得到了表?yè)P(yáng)。語料運(yùn)用樂于助人Muchtopeople’sshock，atornadooccurredinasmalltownnearby.Atthebadnews，Maryfrozewithshock，①asifrootedtotheground(狀語從句的省略)．Marysharedthenewswithherchildren，andaskediftheywouldliketosharewhattheyhadwiththelessfortunate.Toherrelief，allthechildrendidn’thesitatetodonatesomethingandhermouth②hungopeninsurprise.Anne’sbrothersawAnneplaceherfavoritetoyinthebox，③withasparkofsurpriseflashingacrosshisface(with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))．④Staringatherwithwideeyes(現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語)，hethenrosetohisfeet，wentbacktohisroomandranbackwithhisfavoritetoytothelivingroom.⑤Astonishedandexcited(形容詞短語作狀語)，Marysawwhatherchildrenweredoingindisbelief.Mary⑥brokeintoasmile，thinking，“⑦Howgenerousmychildrenare(感嘆句)！Theyarewillingtogotoothers’assistance.”令人震驚的是，附近的一個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)發(fā)生了龍卷風(fēng)。聽到這個(gè)壞消息，瑪麗嚇得僵住了，好像在地上扎了根似的?，旣惏堰@個(gè)消息告訴了她的孩子們，并問他們是否愿意與那些不幸的人分享他們的東西。令她欣慰的是，所有的孩子都毫不猶豫地捐了一些東西，她驚訝得張大了嘴巴。安妮的哥哥見安妮把她最喜歡的玩具放進(jìn)盒子里，臉上閃過一絲驚訝。他睜大眼睛盯著她，隨后站起身來，回到自己的房間，拿著他最喜歡的玩具跑回客廳。看到她的孩子們?cè)谧鍪裁?，瑪麗又驚又喜，簡(jiǎn)直不敢相信?，旣愅蝗恍α似饋?，心想：“我的孩子們多慷慨??！他們?cè)敢馊椭鷦e人。”高考題型組合練14提示：帶★的文章和單元主題相關(guān)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(★)(2024·山東濟(jì)南期末)Astheworldhaschanged，sohaseducation.Since2018，NellyCheboiandhernonprofitTechLitAfricahavebeenbringingcomputertechnologyintoschoolsinKenya，helpingstudentsjointhedigitalworld，andunlocktheirpotential.Withitsownsoftwareprograms，curriculum(課程)andteachertrainingprograms，thisnonprofithopestochangeAfrica.In2012，CheboireceivedascholarshiptoCollegeinIllinoisthatchangedherlife.ShegrewupinpovertyinruralKenya，watchinghermotherstruggletosupportherfamilyalone.CheboihadnoexperiencewithcomputersbeforemovingtotheUStostudy.Shehandwrotepapersandthenstruggledtotypethemoutonalaptopcomputer.Somehowshefellinlovewithcomputerscienceandbeganacareerinthefield.Butshedidnotlosesightofherorigins.“Asanundergraduate，IinvestedallofmyincomefromvariouscampusjobsintomycommunitybackinKenya，”shesaidontheTechLitAfricawebsite.ButsoonshewantedtodomoreforitandthatishowTechLitAfricabegan.Cheboirecalledhowherbackgroundhelpedherunderstandhowimportanttechnologicalknowledgecouldbeforchildrenlivinginpoverty.Shebuiltaschoolwiththeideaofbringingcomputerscienceaspartofkids’curriculumgrowingup.Butshefoundthatitwasgoingtobereallyhardtoimpactasmanypeopleaspossible，becauseitwassohardtofundraise.Theninordertoreachmorestudents，sheintroducedcomputertrainingtoexistingschools.Cheboiphysicallydraggedover40recycledcomputersthathadbeendonatedtothembyvarioustechcompaniestoKenyainsuitcases.Now，sincethenonprofithasgrown，itworkswithvariouscompaniesthathelpthemcleanthedonatedcomputersofdataandsendthemtoAfrica.TechLitAfricarunsitsowncurriculumwithitsownsoftwareprogramsin10Kenyanschools，andthehopeistoincreaseto100throughoutAfricabynextyear.Thestudentslovelearningaboutcomputers，andinturnaregainingskillsthatwillhelpthemmakeuseoftheirtalentsintoawayoutofpoverty.語篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了NellyCheboi和她的非營(yíng)利組織TechLitAfrica一直在將計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)帶入肯尼亞的學(xué)校，讓貧困的學(xué)生有機(jī)會(huì)接觸數(shù)字技術(shù)。1．WhathasCheboibeendoingsince2018?A．Boostinghersciencecareer.B．Promotingdigitaleducation.C．Startingascholarshipprogram.D．Updatingthecomputercourses.答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Since2018，NellyCheboiandhernonprofitTechLitAfricahavebeenbringingcomputertechnologyintoschoolsinKenya，helpingstudentsjointhedigitalworld，andunlocktheirpotential.”可知，Cheboi自2018年以來一直在推動(dòng)數(shù)字教育。故選B。2．WhatinspiredCheboitosetupTechLitAfrica?A．Herloveforcomputerscience.B．Herdesiretohelpherhometown.C．Herdreamofsupportingherfamily.D．HerchildhoodexperienceintheUS.答案B解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“‘Asanundergraduate，IinvestedallofmyincomefromvariouscampusjobsintomycommunitybackinKenya，’shesaidontheTechLitAfricawebsite.ButsoonshewantedtodomoreforitandthatishowTechLitAfricabegan.”可推知，她想幫助家鄉(xiāng)的愿望激勵(lì)了她建立TechLitAfrica。故選B。3．WhatdoweknowaboutCheboifromparagraph3?A．Shehopestohelpmorekids.B．Sheplanstobuildnewschools.C．Sheseekstodevelopnewcourses.D．Shecallsfordonationsofcomputers.答案A解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Butshefoundthatitwasgoingtobereallyhardtoimpactasmanypeopleaspossible...Theninordertoreachmorestudents，sheintroducedcomputertrainingtoexistingschools.”可知，Cheboi希望幫助更多的孩子。故選A。4．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeCheboi?A．Sensitive. B．Considerate.C．Devoted. D．Cooperative.答案C解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Asanundergraduate，IinvestedallofmyincomefromvariouscampusjobsintomycommunitybackinKenya”及第三段中的“Cheboiphysicallydraggedover40recycledcomputersthathadbeendonatedtothembyvarioustechcompaniestoKenyainsuitcases.”可知，Cheboi將自己的全部收入捐給家鄉(xiāng)，并且自己將捐贈(zèng)的電腦運(yùn)回肯尼亞。由此推知，Cheboi是一個(gè)很有奉獻(xiàn)精神的人。故選C。BIfyou’veeveremergedfromtheshowerorreturnedfromyourwalkwithacleverideaorasolutiontoaproblemyouhadbeenstrugglingwith，itmaynotbeasurprise.Ratherthanconstantlyconcentratingonaproblem，researchfromthelast15yearssuggeststhatpeoplemaybemorelikelytohavecreativebreakthroughswhenthey’redoingahabitualtaskthatdoesn’trequiremuchthought.“Peoplealwaysgetsurprisedwhentheyrealizetheygetinteresting，novelideasatunexpectedtimes，”saysKalinaChristoff，ascientistattheUniversityofBritishColumbiainVancouver，“becauseourculturetellsusthatweshoulddoitthroughhardwork.”Nowresearchersbegintounderstandwhythesecleverthoughtsoccurduringmorepassiveactivitiesandwhat’shappeninginthebrain.Theyhavefoundthatthekeyisaseriesofbrainactivities—withinwhat’scalledthedefaultmode(DM)network—thatoccurwhileanindividualisrestingorperforminghabitualtasksthatdon’trequiremuchattention.“Simplyput，itisastatethatyourbrainreturnstowhenyou’rerelaxed，”explainsChristoff.“Bycontrast，whenyou’reworkingonademandingtask，thebrain’sexecutivecontrol(EC)systemskeepyourthinkingfocused，analytical，andlogical.”ResearchersfindthattheDMnetworkisalsoinvolvedintheearlystagesofideageneration，drawingfrompastexperiencesandknowledgeabouttheworld.Whenyourmindwanders，you’reallowingthoughtstoplayfullycrossyourmind，whichhelpsyoucombineinformationandideasinnewwaysandsomethingclicks.“Acautionarynote：WhiletheDMnetworkplaysakeyroleinthecreativeprocess，itistheECsystemsthathelpyoutoevaluateandapplythecreativeideaseffectivelytoyourproblemsintherealworld，”Christoffsays.“Soit’sunwisetoplaceblindfaithinthediscoverythatcreativeideascanbegeneratedintheshowerorduringanyotherkindsofmindwandering.Instead，youhavetodotheworktosetthegroundworkforcreativeideastoemergeinthefirstplace.”語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了創(chuàng)意經(jīng)常會(huì)在放松狀態(tài)下出現(xiàn)的心理機(jī)制。5．WhatisthemostunlikelyfunctionoftheECsystems?A．Tostartyourthinkingprocess.B．Tohelpyouanalyze.C．Toletyougetnovelideas.D．Tokeepyoufocused.答案C解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句以及第四段中的“Bycontrast，whenyou’reworkingon活動(dòng)，能讓你開始思維過程，幫助你分析，使你集中注意力，不能讓你獲得新的想法。故選C。6．Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“somethingclicks”inparagraph5probablymean?A．Acleverideaoccurs.B．Somethingdropsdown.C．Amemorydisappears.D．Afunnythoughthappens.答案A解析句意理解題。根據(jù)畫線句所在段“ResearchersfindthattheDMnetworkisalsoinvolvedintheearlystagesofideageneration，...whichhelpsyoucombineinformationandideasinnewwaysandsomethingclicks.”可推斷，somethingclicks與ideageneration所表達(dá)的意思相近，即當(dāng)走神時(shí)，想法在我們的腦海中嬉戲，有助于我們以新的方式將信息和想法結(jié)合起來，這樣一個(gè)聰明的想法就產(chǎn)生了。故選A。7．WhatisKalinaChristoff’sattitudetothecultureofhardwork?A．Disapproving. B．Positive.C．Doubtful. D．Unconcerned.答案B解析觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“‘Soit’sunwisetoplaceblindfaithinthediscoverythatcreativeideascanbegeneratedintheshowerorduringanyotherkindsofmindwandering.Instead，youhavetodotheworktosetthegroundworkforcreativeideastoemergeinthefirstplace.’”可知，KalinaChristoff認(rèn)為盲目相信在洗澡或其他任何形式的走神中都能產(chǎn)生創(chuàng)意的發(fā)現(xiàn)是不明智的，還是要努力為創(chuàng)意的出現(xiàn)打好基礎(chǔ)，因此推斷她對(duì)努力工作這一文化持正面態(tài)度。故選B。8．Whichstatementmighttheauthoragreewith?A．Practicemakesperfect.B．Wherethereisawill，thereisaway.C．Everythingcomestohimwhowaits.D．AllworkandnobreakmakesJackadullboy.答案D解析推理判斷題。通讀全文，再根據(jù)第一段可知，大腦機(jī)制決定了只有勞逸結(jié)合才能富有創(chuàng)意。由此推知，作者可能會(huì)同意D項(xiàng)“只工作不休息，聰明孩子也變傻”的說法。故選D。Ⅱ.完形填空IrecentlyattendedaweddinginCanada，inthecountryside.Whenthetaxidriversentusbackatmidnight，Iwas1worriedallthewayhomeabouttippinghimsinceIwasnotrich.I2nervouslyinmypurseandrealizedthatallIhadwasa$100note，whichIwaskeepingfora(n)3，nothingelsebuttwochocolatesfromthewedding.Icouldn’tnottiphim，soIwas4betweenarockandahardplace.Ihandedinthenoteatlast，controllingtheurgetoaskfor5.Tippinghaslongbeenasourceof6interactionsthroughouttheworld.Tippingcustoms7wildlyfromcountrytocountry，whichgeneratesnosmallamountof8.Norwegians，whocomefromaculturewherewagesarehighandtipsarelow，could9peopleinLasVegaswiththeirtinyofferings.10，high-tippingAmericansmightangerpeopleinTokyobecausegoodserviceinJapanisa11ofhonour.Suchanembarrassedmes