Ⅰ.閱讀單詞1.self-criticaladj. 自我批評(píng)的,自我批判的2.frecklen. (尤指臉上的)雀斑,斑點(diǎn)3.lipstickn. 唇膏,口紅4.roommaten. (尤指大學(xué)里的)室友5.makeovern. (以新衣服、新發(fā)型等進(jìn)行的)打扮,裝扮6.monstrousadj. 丑陋的;駭人的7.righteousadj. 正派的,正直的8.outwardadj. 外表的,表面的9.beastn. (尤指體型龐大或危險(xiǎn)的)野獸10.timidadj. 膽小的,膽怯的11.cowardn. 膽小鬼;懦夫12.bookishadj. 好讀書的,書呆子氣的13.kidnapv. 綁架;劫持14.torturev. 拷打,拷問15.executionn. (尤指依法的)處死16.predicamentn. 尷尬的處境17.repulsiveadj. 令人厭惡的18.hunchedadj. 弓身的,弓背的19.exclaimv. (因驚訝、憤怒或興奮而)呼喊,驚叫20.heartfeltadj. 衷心的,誠(chéng)摯的21.exquisiteadj. 精美的,精致的22.syllablen. 音節(jié)23.monstern. 怪物24.savageadj. 野蠻的25.dewn. 露水26.coarseadj. 粗的;粗糙的27.pebblen. 卵石,小圓石,礫石28.intentlyadv. 專心地;一心一意地29.motiven. (尤指隱藏的)動(dòng)機(jī),原因,目的Ⅱ.核心單詞1.boosttourism 促進(jìn)旅游業(yè)2.pretendtobeasleep 假裝睡著了3.liveinthedormitory 住在寢室4.avitaminpill 維生素片5.thewelfareproject 福利事業(yè)6.geographicalfindings 地理發(fā)現(xiàn)7.aspeechdefect 言語(yǔ)缺陷8.astrongaccent 很濃的口音9.couldn’tutteraword 一個(gè)字也說不出來10.bringmeimmensejoy 帶給我巨大的快樂11.resembleasilvermoon 像一輪銀月12.repayhiskindness 報(bào)答他的好意13.aprofoundeffect 深深的影響Ⅲ.一詞多義1.overlookv.忽視,忽略;俯視①overlookcrucialdetails忽略關(guān)鍵細(xì)節(jié)②overlookthelake俯視湖泊2.botherv.(使)苦惱;費(fèi)心,麻煩;打擾,煩擾n.麻煩,困難;令人煩惱的情況(或事物、人)①bothermeverymuch非常讓我苦惱②bebotheredbyaleginjury受腿傷困擾③bereluctanttobotheryou不忍麻煩您④putyoutoanybother給你添麻煩⑤befullofbother充滿著令人煩惱的事Ⅳ.派生單詞1.enlargev. (使)增大,擴(kuò)大largeadj. 大的;大規(guī)模的;大型號(hào)的largelyadv. 在很大程度上;多半;主要地2.obsessiveadj. 癡迷的,迷戀的;過度的(含貶義)obsessv. 使癡迷;使迷戀;使著迷3.misjudgev. 對(duì)(人或情況)判斷錯(cuò)誤misjudgmentn. 判斷錯(cuò)誤,判斷不公4.identicaladj. 完全相同的;非常相似的identicallyadv. 同一地,相等地5.skinnyadj. 極瘦的,皮包骨的skinn. 皮膚6.acknowledgev. 承認(rèn)(某事屬實(shí)或某情況存在);告知收到;感謝,致謝acknowledgementn. 承認(rèn);感謝;收件復(fù)函;致謝7.assumptionn. 假定,假設(shè)assumev. 假設(shè),認(rèn)為;承擔(dān)(責(zé)任)assumingconj. 假如8.savingn. 積蓄savev. 儲(chǔ)蓄;救助;節(jié)約;保存9.psychologyn. 心理,心理過程psychologicaladj. 心理學(xué)的psychologistn. 心理學(xué)家10.frightfuladj. 可怕的frightn. 驚嚇;害怕frightenv. 使驚嚇,使驚恐frightenedadj. 驚嚇的,受驚的;害怕的frighteningadj. 令人害怕的11.loyaladj. 忠貞的,忠實(shí)的,忠誠(chéng)的loyaltyn. 忠誠(chéng),忠實(shí);忠心12.novelistn. 小說家noveln. 小說adj. 新穎的13.gracefuladj. 優(yōu)美的,優(yōu)雅的gracen. 優(yōu)美,優(yōu)雅gracefullyadv. 優(yōu)美地;優(yōu)雅地;雅致地14.comprehensionn. 理解(力)comprehendv. 理解,領(lǐng)悟15.expressionn. 表情;神色expressv. 表達(dá),表示expressiveadj. 有表現(xiàn)力的16.compassionn. 憐憫;同情compassionateadj. 富有同情心的17.heartbreakingadj. 令人悲傷的heartbrokenadj. 極為悲傷的;心碎的18.tendernessn. 柔情tenderadj. 嫩的;柔軟的;溫柔的;親切的Ⅴ.短語(yǔ)詞塊1.besurprisedat 對(duì)……感到吃驚2.makeaneffort 努力3.leaveanimpressionon 給……留下印象4.keepfit 保持健康5.compareAtoB 把A比作B;把A和B作比較6.attempttodosth 嘗試做某事7.alackof 缺乏……8.adesirefor 對(duì)……的渴望9.outofmercy 出于憐憫10.fromheadtotoe 從頭到腳11.boostone’sconfidence 增加某人的信心Ⅵ.教材佳句1.AsasonginUglyBettyputsit,“It’saprettyperson’sworld”.(as引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句)正如《丑女貝蒂》里的歌曲所唱的那樣,“這是一個(gè)看臉的世界”。2.Hewasthefirsttobreakthesilence.(the+序數(shù)詞+todo)他是第一個(gè)打破沉默的人。3.NeverhaveIviewedmyuglinessasatthepresentmoment.(否定詞位于句首引起的倒裝)我從來沒像現(xiàn)在這般明白自己的丑陋。4.You,youarearayofsunshine,adropofdew,abirdsong,whilstIamsomethingterrible,neitherhumannorbeast.(比喻)你呀,你就像一束陽(yáng)光,像一滴露珠,像鳥鳴聲,而我呢,卻是一個(gè)可怕的東西,不像人也不像獸。?構(gòu)詞法日積月累名詞后綴-ness表示性質(zhì)、情況、動(dòng)作、質(zhì)量或狀態(tài)。①tender→tenderness柔情②happy→happiness高興③cold→coldness冷淡;寒冷④sad→sadness傷心⑤weak→weakness虛弱;缺點(diǎn) ⑥lonely→loneliness孤獨(dú)StepOne寫一寫Ⅰ.閱讀單詞1.behighlyself-critical高度自我批評(píng)2.mycollegeroommate我的大學(xué)室友3.arighteousman一個(gè)正直的人4.fiercebeasts兇猛的野獸5.atimidchild一個(gè)膽怯的孩子6.abookishboy一個(gè)書呆子氣的男孩7.exclaimangrily氣憤地呼喊8.aheartfeltapology誠(chéng)摯的道歉9.exquisitecraftsmanship精美的工藝10.awordwithtwosyllables雙音節(jié)單詞11.agreedymonster一只貪婪的怪物12.readanovelintently專心地看小說Ⅱ.核心單詞1.boostv.促進(jìn),推動(dòng)2.pretendv.假裝,裝作3.welfaren.幫助;福利4.defectn.缺點(diǎn),缺陷,毛病5.accentn.口音6.immenseadj.巨大的7.resemblev.像;與……類似,與……相似8.repayv.報(bào)答9.profoundadj.(感情)強(qiáng)烈的,深切的10.utterv.(尤指吃力地)發(fā)出(聲音)Ⅲ.派生單詞1.largeadj.大的;大規(guī)模的;大型號(hào)的→largelyadv.在很大程度上;多半;主要地→enlargev.(使)增大,擴(kuò)大2.obsessv.使癡迷;使迷戀;使著迷→obsessiveadj.癡迷的,迷戀的;過度的(含貶義)3.identicaladj.完全相同的;非常相似的→identicallyadv.同一地,相等地4.acknowledgev.承認(rèn)(某事屬實(shí)或某情況存在);告知收到;感謝,致謝→acknowledgementn.承認(rèn);感謝;收件復(fù)函;致謝5.assumev.假設(shè),認(rèn)為;承擔(dān)(責(zé)任)→assumingconj.假如→assumptionn.假定,假設(shè)6.savev.儲(chǔ)蓄;救助;節(jié)約;保存→savingn.積蓄7.frightn.驚嚇;害怕→frightenv.使驚嚇,使驚恐→frightenedadj.驚嚇的,受驚的;害怕的→frighteningadj.令人害怕的→frightfuladj.可怕的8.loyaladj.忠貞的,忠實(shí)的,忠誠(chéng)的→loyaltyn.忠誠(chéng),忠實(shí);忠心9.gracen.優(yōu)美,優(yōu)雅→gracefuladj.優(yōu)美的,優(yōu)雅的→gracefullyadv.優(yōu)美地;優(yōu)雅地;雅致地10.comprehendv.理解,領(lǐng)悟→comprehensionn.理解(力)

11.expressv.表達(dá),表示→expressiveadj.有表現(xiàn)力的→expressionn.表情;神色12.compassionn.憐憫;同情→compassionateadj.富有同情心的

Ⅳ.短語(yǔ)互譯1.alackof缺乏……

2.adesirefor對(duì)……的渴望

3.besurprisedat對(duì)……感到吃驚

4.makeaneffort努力

5.fromheadtotoe從頭到腳6.keepfit保持健康7.attempttodosth嘗試做某事8.outofmercy出于憐憫Ⅴ.句式仿寫1.句型公式:as引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句Inbrief,doastheChinesedowheninChina.(建議信)

簡(jiǎn)言之,在中國(guó)要入鄉(xiāng)隨俗。2.句型公式:the+序數(shù)詞+todoYou’dalwaysbethefirsttooffertohelp.(感謝信)

你總是第一個(gè)主動(dòng)提出幫忙。3.句型公式:否定詞位于句首引起的倒裝Thefilmisperfect;neverhaveIseenabetteronebefore.(影評(píng))

這部電影很完美,我從來沒有看過比這部更好的。StepTwo練一練Ⅰ.根據(jù)語(yǔ)境和首字母提示寫出單詞的正確形式1.Whenherteachercamein,shepretendedtohavegraspedwhattheteachersaid.2.Iwasafat,awkwardchildwithahigh-pitchedvoiceandaheavysouthernaccent.3.Theprincipaldeliveredaninspiringspeechcallingonstudentstoactivelyparticipateinthispublicwelfareactivity.4.Ireallyappreciatetheactivity“Pre-class3-minuteEnglishSpeech”,whichboostsourspeakingskillsandconfidence.5.Helpingothersbroughtmeimmensejoyandfulfillment,anditalsobroadenedmyperspectiveonlife.6.Volunteeringhasprofoundmeaning,notonlyforthebeneficiariesbutalsoforthevolunteersthemselves.Ⅱ.根據(jù)語(yǔ)境用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空1.Afterseeingthefrighteningfilm,thefrightenedboywastoofrightenedtowalkhomealoneinthedark.(frighten)2.Itwasfirstassumedthathewasthemurderer,butlateritturnedouttobeafalseassumption.(assume)3.Hecan’tfindtheproperexpressiontoexpresshisfeelings,sothereisananxiousexpressiononhisface.(express)4.Thecompanyplanstoenlargeitswarehouse,largelybecauseitisnotlargeenoughtoholdalltheproducts.(large)5.It’sacknowledgedthatheisthebestplayerintheworldandthatacknowledgementmakeshimfeelsatisfied.(acknowledge)Ⅲ.短語(yǔ)填空fromheadtotoe;adesirefor;besurprisedat;alackof;makeaneffort1.EverytimeIgobacktomyhometown,Iamsurprisedatitsgreatchanges.

2.Schoolteaching,howevergood,canonlymakeabeginningandcreateadesireforfurtheradvance.

3.Leonorawasstillcryingwhenunexpectedvisitorsarrived;gulpingbackhertears,shemadeanefforttogreetthemcheerfully.

4.Shetrembledfromheadtotoe,feelinglikesittingonpinsandneedles.

5.Healthproblemsarecloselylinkedtobadeatinghabitsandalackofexercise.

Ⅳ.串記練習(xí)閱讀下面新情景,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Myroommate,Mary,issensitive1.tootherpeople’sevaluationofherappearance.Everydaybeforeclass,shespendsmorethananhourinthedormitory2.making(make)up.Shehas20lipsticks,oftenfeeling3.bothered(bother)aboutwhichonetouse.Althoughsheisskinnynow,shestilltakesdiet4.pills(pill)tomakeherfigureslim,5.whichhasbroughtharmtoherhealth.Herbehaviorisbeyondour6.comprehension(comprehend)andweevendoubthermotive.Weadvisehermanytimestopayattentiontohealth,butjudgingfromthe7.expression(express)onherface,sheignoredouradvice.Asonenovelistput8.it,“Virtueisfarbetterthanbeauty.”I9.sincerely(sincere)hopethatshecanhaveacorrectunderstandingofexternalbeauty,overlooksomeincorrectcommentsfromothers,andfocus10.her(she)attentionandenergyonlearning.1.pretendv.假裝,裝作佳句背誦Istoodmyground,pretendingthatIhadn’tnoticedher.(動(dòng)作描寫)我站在原地,假裝沒有注意到她。pretendtobe+n./adj. 假裝是……pretendtodosth 假裝做某事pretendtobedoingsth 假裝正在做某事pretendtohavedonesth 假裝已做過某事pretend(that)... 假裝……以練促學(xué)單句語(yǔ)法填空/句式升級(jí)①Toeasemyembarrassment,Ipretendedtobereading(read)whenmymotherentered.

②Ipretendedtohavefinished(finish)allmyhomeworkwhenaskedbymyparents.

③Sheopenedabook,andpretendedtoread,withtearsdroppingontheopenpage.(動(dòng)作描寫)→Sheopenedabook,pretendingtoread,withtearsdroppingontheopenpage.(動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語(yǔ))

2.botherv.(使)苦惱;費(fèi)心,麻煩;打擾,煩擾n.麻煩,困難;令人煩惱的情況(或事物、人)佳句背誦Itbotheredmethatwecouldn’tfindourwaybackbutmyfathertoldmenottoloseheart.(心理描寫)讓我煩惱的是,我們找不到回去的路了,但父親告訴我不要失去信心。bothertodo/doingsth 費(fèi)心做某事bothersbwith/aboutsth 為某事打擾或麻煩某人;使某人為某事煩惱bebotheredaboutsth 為某事而擔(dān)心/煩惱bothersbtodosth 麻煩某人做某事Itbotherssbthat/todo... 使某人苦惱的是……/做……使某人苦惱以練促學(xué)完成語(yǔ)段Nowordsarestrongenoughtoexpressmyheartfeltgratitudetoyou.Firstly,Iwasbotheredabout(擔(dān)心)thecomingEnglishSpeechCompetitionafewdaysagoanditwasyouwhobotheredtoguideme(費(fèi)心指導(dǎo)我)toimprovemypronunciationandspeechskills.Besides,Ialwaysbotheredyoutohelpmesolvedifficultproblems(麻煩你幫我解決難題)Iwasfacedwith.WheneverIbotheredyouwith/aboutmymatters(為我的事情打擾你),youalwaysofferedmewonderfulproposalspatientlyandgenerously.(感謝信)3.acknowledgev.承認(rèn)(某事屬實(shí)或某情況存在)(admit);認(rèn)可;告知收到;感謝,致謝→acknowledgementn.承認(rèn);感謝;收件復(fù)函;致謝佳句背誦IacknowledgemyEnglishteacher,withoutwhomIcouldn’thavemadesuchgreatprogressinEnglish.(感謝信)我感謝我的英語(yǔ)老師,沒有這位老師我不可能在英語(yǔ)方面取得如此巨大的進(jìn)步。acknowledgesb/sthtobe/as... 認(rèn)為或承認(rèn)某人/某物是……acknowledgedoing/havingdonesth 承認(rèn)做過某事Itisuniversally/widelyacknowledgedthat... ……是大家公認(rèn)的。以練促學(xué)單句語(yǔ)法填空/一句多譯①LuXun,acknowledgedasoneofthegreatestmodernwritersinChina,wasborninShaoxing,ZhejiangProvince.②Tomacknowledgedbeingdefeated/havingbeendefeated(defeat)intheEnglishspeechcompetition,whichmadeusquitedepressed.

③孔子被公認(rèn)為是中國(guó)最偉大的古代教育家之一。(人物介紹,2023·全國(guó)甲卷)→Confuciusisuniversally/widelyacknowledgedas/tobeoneofthegreatestancienteducatorsinChina.

→Itisuniversally/widelyacknowledgedthatConfuciusisoneofthegreatestancienteducatorsinChina.

4.makeefforts/an/everyefforttodosth努力做某事佳句背誦Thisrequirestremendoushardwork,andwewillmakeeveryefforttomeetthesegoals.這需要付出巨大的努力,而我們將盡一切努力去實(shí)現(xiàn)這些目標(biāo)。(演講稿)inanefforttodosth 為了做某事sparenoeffort(s)todosth 不遺余力地做某事with(an)effort 努力地,費(fèi)力地withouteffort 毫不費(fèi)力地以練促學(xué)單句語(yǔ)法填空/一句多譯①Shewrappedahandkerchiefaroundherbleedingpalminanefforttoprotect(protect)it.

②我心里想,未來我會(huì)不遺余力地變得更加堅(jiān)韌和自信。(主旨升華,2023·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷)→IthoughttomyselfthatIwouldsparenoefforttobemorepersistentandconfidentinthefuture.

→IthoughttomyselfthatIwouldmakeefforts/anefforttobemorepersistentandconfidentinthefuture.

5.outofmercy出于憐憫佳句背誦Outofmercy,theygaveallthehotfoodtheyhadjustboughttotheoldmanshiveringinthesubwaystation.出于憐憫,他們把自己剛剛買的熱騰騰的食物全部給了地鐵站里那位瑟瑟發(fā)抖的老人。mercyn. 仁慈,寬恕;恩惠showmercyto 對(duì)…… 憐憫/寬恕havemercyon/upon 對(duì)……憐憫/寬恕withoutmercy 殘忍地;毫無同情地atthemercyof... 任由……擺布mercifuladj. 仁慈的;慈悲的;寬容的以練促學(xué)單句語(yǔ)法填空/一句多譯①Someillegalhuntersshotwildanimalswithoutmercysotheywerearrested.②如果我們對(duì)自己的缺點(diǎn)視而不見,我們對(duì)別人就不會(huì)仁慈。(主旨升華)→Ifweareblindtoourownfaults,wewillnotbemercifultoothers.(merciful)

→Ifweareblindtoourownfaults,wewillnothavemercyon/showmercytoothers.(mercy)

片段鞏固用pretend;bother;acknowledge;makeefforts;outofmercy完成“知錯(cuò)就改”片段寫作提示:一直否認(rèn)自己的錯(cuò)誤,假裝其不存在→內(nèi)疚困擾著他→承認(rèn)自己的錯(cuò)誤,同情受害者→糾正自己的行為Hehadbeenindenial,pretendinghismistakedidn’texist.Buttheguiltconstantlybotheredhim.Eventually,hecouldn’tignoreitanymoreandacknowledgedhiswrongdoings.Outofmercyforthoseaffected,hemadesincereeffortstocorrecthisactions,provingthatonecanalwaysturnoveranewleaf.1.寫出加黑部分的詞性和漢語(yǔ)意思①Wecrossedbigriversandvastplains,climbedhighmountains,andoverlookeddeepvalleys.v.俯視②Shespokeinaquietvoicebutusedremarkablycoarseexpressions.n.措辭,說法2.選出acknowledge的漢語(yǔ)意思A.v.認(rèn)可B.v.感謝C.v.承認(rèn)①Acknowledgethatyouhurther,andthenapologize.C②Harrywasacknowledgedtobethecleverestboyintheclass.A③Igratefullyacknowledgefinancialsupportfromseverallocalbusinesses.B句型公式:as引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句課本原句:AsasonginUglyBettyputsit,“It’saprettyperson’sworld”.正如《丑女貝蒂》里的歌曲所唱的那樣,“這是一個(gè)看臉的世界”。佳句背誦Thetwinscheeredupanddidastheyweretold.(新高考Ⅰ卷)雙胞胎高興起來,照吩咐做了。as作連詞,有以下用法:(1)意為“按照……的方式(方法)”,引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句。(2)意為“當(dāng)……時(shí);一邊……一邊……”,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。(3)意為“因?yàn)?既然”,引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。(4)意為“盡管”,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。(5)引導(dǎo)比較狀語(yǔ)從句,常用于“as...as...”句型,意為“像……一樣……”(第一個(gè)as是副詞,第二個(gè)as是連詞)。[點(diǎn)撥]當(dāng)as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),從句使用部分倒裝,即將形容詞、副詞、名詞、動(dòng)詞等放于as前面;單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞提前時(shí)應(yīng)該省掉冠詞。以練促學(xué)單句語(yǔ)法填空/單句寫作/一句多譯①Forin-personhumor,qualityisn’tasimportantasyoumightthink.Yourattitudeandeffortcountalot.②Tiredandexhaustedastheywere,theymanagedtomakeittothefinishingpoint.

盡管他們勞累而疲憊,但他們還是設(shè)法到達(dá)了終點(diǎn)。③隨著科技和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的進(jìn)步,幾乎每個(gè)人都能使用手機(jī)?！鶺ithtechnologyandtheInternetadvancing,cellphonescanbeaccessibletoalmosteveryone.(with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu))

→AstechnologyandtheInternetareadvancing,cellphonescanbeaccessibletoalmosteveryone.(as引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句)

維度一核心知識(shí)運(yùn)用1.Forafewmonthsafterthe“l(fā)ibrary”opened,Ididn’tbothertaking/totake(take)alook,asIhadassumedthatitwouldbestuffedfullofcheesylovestories.(2024·浙江1月卷)

2.Iscomprehension(comprehend)thesamewhetherapersonreadsatextonscreenoronpaper?(2024·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷)3.Hesparednoefforttocarry(carry)outaseriesofreformstomakehiscountryprosperous.(2023·全國(guó)甲卷)

4.Thatincludeshugesavings(save)inmaintenancecostsandbetterprotectionofrailwaypersonnelsafety.(2022·全國(guó)乙卷)5.Tous,themostlikelyexplanationappearstobethatthebasisliesintheirlivingwithhumans,whichgivesthemalotofexposuretohumanfacialexpressions(express).(浙江6月卷)6.Lincolnsenlarged(large)thehousetoafulltwostoriesin1856tomeettheneedsoftheirgrowingfamily.(浙江6月卷)7.Arethesetheactionsofacompassionate(compassion)andcaringsociety?8.Assuming(assume)thatIamchosentobeavolunteeratParisOlympicGames,Iwillservethepeopleheartandsoul.9.Drivenbyaburningdesireforadventureandtravel,LiBailefthomeandstartedtotravelaroundinhisearlytwenties.10.Nexttimeyouarecorneredbysuchadog,pretendtopick(pick)upastone.Itwillbefrightenedaway.

維度二單句寫作1.Astheoldsayinggoes,“Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.”(as引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句)

俗話說,“事實(shí)勝于雄辯。”2.Personally,IthinkIamthebestpersontotakeupthejob.(the+序數(shù)詞+todo)

就個(gè)人而言,我認(rèn)為我是做這個(gè)工作的最佳人選。3.NeverinmywildestdreamdidIexpectthatIwouldencounterMr.Jacksonhereandnow.(否定詞位于句首引起的倒裝)

我做夢(mèng)也沒想到會(huì)在此時(shí)此地遇到杰克遜先生。4.Itissuggestedthatacertainamountoffruitandvegetablesshouldbeeateneveryday.(主語(yǔ)從句)

建議每天都要吃一定量的水果和蔬菜。5.WhoeverwantstoparticipateshouldregisterbeforeWednesday.(主語(yǔ)從句)

想?yún)⒓拥娜吮仨氃谛瞧谌暗怯?。維度三單元知識(shí)拾遺Efforts1.toboostpeople’swelfareareongoing.While2.therearestillsomedefects,3.theprofoundimpactisundeniable.Wemustaddresstheseflawstocreateabetterfutureforall.

提高人民福祉的努力一直在進(jìn)行中。盡管還存在一些缺陷,但其深遠(yuǎn)的影響是不可否認(rèn)的。我們必須解決這些問題,為所有人創(chuàng)造一個(gè)更美好的未來。Ⅰ.話題下的應(yīng)用文專練(議論文——如何看待美)假定你是李華,你們班外教Chris要求每位同學(xué)針對(duì)“美”這一話題寫一篇短文發(fā)表自己的看法。內(nèi)容包括:(1)人們對(duì)美的理解;(2)你的看法。根據(jù)提示,利用本單元所學(xué)知識(shí)完成應(yīng)用文寫作第一步字斟句酌優(yōu)化表達(dá)①人們普遍認(rèn)為美在我們的生活中起著重要的作用。(acknowledge)Itiswidely/universallyacknowledgedthatbeautyplaysanimportantpartinourlife.

②許多學(xué)生認(rèn)為外表不能被忽視。(assume,overlook)Manystudentsassumethatexternalappearancecan’tbeoverlooked.

③為了追求理想的身材,他們?cè)噲D嘗試他們知道的每一種方法,這使他們很煩惱。(attemptto,bother)Topursuetheiridealfigures,theyattempttotryeverymethodtheyknow,whichbothersthemverymuch.

④一些學(xué)生甚至用自己的積蓄購(gòu)買減肥藥片來減肥。(saving,pill)Somestudentsevenspendtheirsavingsbuyingweight-losspillstobecomeslim.

⑤在我看來,內(nèi)在美是最重要的,也是增強(qiáng)我們自信的最好方法。(boostone’sconfidence)AsfarasIamconcerned,innerbeautyisthemostimportantandthebestwaytoboostourconfidence.

⑥真正重要的不是從頭到腳打扮,而是用知識(shí)和全面的能力武裝自己。(fromheadtotoe)Whatreallymattersisnottodressupfromheadtotoebuttoequipourselveswithknowledgeandall-aroundabilities.

第二步恰當(dāng)過渡完美成文(使用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪^渡銜接詞連句成篇)Itiswidely/universallyacknowledgedthatbeautyplaysanimportantpartinourlife.Therefore,manystudentsassumethatexternalappearancecan’tbeoverlooked.Topursuetheiridealfigures,theyattempttotryeverymethodtheyknow,which,however,bothersthemverymuch.Somestudentsevenspendtheirsavingsbuyingweight-losspillstobecomeslim.AsfarasIamconcerned,innerbeautyisthemostimportantandthebestwaytoboostourconfidence.Afterall,whatreallymattersisnottodressupfromheadtotoebuttoequipourselveswithknowledgeandall-aroundabilities.Ⅱ.話題下的續(xù)寫能力提升(根據(jù)提示續(xù)寫2場(chǎng)景)場(chǎng)景導(dǎo)語(yǔ):在回家的校車上,女孩Rani因她標(biāo)志性的非洲卷發(fā)被同學(xué)稱作“SaiBaba”而嘲笑她→Rani既羞愧又憤怒→她擠出校車,結(jié)果落在泥濘的雨水里→忘記帶雨衣,結(jié)果心情更糟→回家大聲哭著告訴爸爸非常痛恨自己的頭發(fā),同學(xué)還嘲笑她的頭發(fā)→她的爸爸在得知原因后安慰她,告訴她她的頭發(fā)很美,同學(xué)的行為是欺凌,自己要么忽略,要么反擊→Rani還是不自信,不想?yún)⒓酉轮艿难葜v比賽……場(chǎng)景續(xù)寫1:爸爸對(duì)此感到困惑并詢問原因→Rani還是擔(dān)心自己的頭發(fā)→爸爸沉默,然后開導(dǎo)并鼓勵(lì)→Rani打開心結(jié),重拾信心和勇氣“Why?”Papasoundedpuzzled.“You’veputyourheartandsoulintopracticingforitallthesepastmonths.”Yes,Raniwantedtosay.Instead,shemurmured,“Butmyhair…”Seeingthesadexpressiononhisdaughter’sface,Papawasquietforseveralmomentsandfinallysaid,“Itisnotyourhairthatmakesyouwhoyouare.”Papasloweddown,touchingherhairsoftlyandgently,“You’rebetterandsmarterthanallofthemputtogether.Goandshowthemwhoyoureallyare!”HearingPapa’swords,Raniwasfilledwithasurgeofstrengthandcourage.

場(chǎng)景續(xù)寫2:比賽時(shí)間到了→現(xiàn)場(chǎng)又遭到嘲笑→這次的變化→Rani得到成長(zhǎng)ThenextMondaymorningdawnedbrightanditwastimeforthecompetition.“SaiBaba,Rani!Hahahaha!”waswhatRaniheardwhenshewasapproachingthestageforthespeech.Differentfromwhatsheusedtobe,Ranithrewbackhershouldersandheldherheadhighasshewalkedpasttheboys,leavingtheboysinawebehind.Shesteppedontothestageandtookherplace.“Wherethemindiswithoutfear...”Ranistartedherspeech.Hervoicerangoutstrongandclear,herfaceshiningandhereyesglittering.Andrightthen,sheknewshe’dwon.

課時(shí)作業(yè)Ⅰ.閱讀理解Foreightyears,Sophiecreatedrealistic-lookinglimbs(肢)forthosewhowantedtofitin.Butshelongedtoworkonmoreodddesignsthatwouldstandout.ThenshemetPollyannaHope,ayoungamputee(被截肢者).“Shewantedsomethingalittledifferentonherleg:picturesofacartoonsheloved,PeppaPig,”saidSophie,whoisnowbasedinLondon.Soshedesignedauniquelegcoveredintattoo-likeimagesofPeppaandotherpigsridingabicycleandeatingicecream.WorkingwithHopemadeSophierealizetherewasapotentialmarketforlimbs.Sincethen,SophiefoundedTheAlternativeLimbProject(ALP)tomakeartisticlimbs.Herworkincludesanarmwrappedinsculptedsnakesandalegthatlookslikeporcelain(瓷器)coveredinapaintedfloweryvine.Shemakesaboutsixlimbsperyear,alwaysincludingclients’ideassothattheyreceiveapersonalpiecetheycancelebrateratherthanhide.Ofcourse,afancy-lookinglimbwon’tsuiteveryone.ForSophie,thebasisisthateachlimbmustsatisfyacombinationofcomfort,beautyandfunctionality,andpushingtoohardinonedirectioncanweakenotherareas.Butforamputeeswhoappreciatenovelty,Sophiehassomeamazingideas.“I’dreallyliketomakeacandy-dispenserlegwithcolorfulcandiesinsideit,”shesays,“oracuckoo-clocklegwithawoodenbirdthatpopsouteveryhour.”Hergoalistofashionastrikinglimb.“It’lltransformthelimbsfromanelephantintheroomintoaconversationpiece.”

【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了Sophie為截肢者設(shè)計(jì)獨(dú)特的假肢的故事。1.WhydidPollyannaHopecometoSophie?A.Shehopedtohaveatailoredlimb.B.Sheintendedtodesignacartoonfigure.C.Shelongedtoexpandthemarketforlimbs.D.SheexpectedtosellSophiesomeoddideas.答案A[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“Shewantedsomethingalittle...abicycleandeatingicecream.”可推知,PollyannaHope來找Sophie的目的是希望有一個(gè)訂制的假肢,故選A。]2.Accordingtoparagraph3,ALPaimsto.

A.boostusers’confidenceB.sharpenusers’creativityC.improveSophie’ssculptureskillsD.extendSophie’sartbusiness答案A[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知,Sophie的作品總是包括客戶的想法,以便他們收到一件可以慶祝而不是隱藏的個(gè)人作品。從而推知,Sophie創(chuàng)立ALP的目的是提升用戶的自信心,故選A。]3.WhatisthebasisforSophie’sworks?A.Thenoveltyofthepatterntopsthelist.B.Thebalanceofmulti-needscomesfirst.C.Fashionisthebestpolicy.D.Functionalityisthekey.答案B[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可知,對(duì)于Sophie來說,其基礎(chǔ)是每個(gè)肢體都必須是舒適性、美觀性和功能性的結(jié)合,向一個(gè)方向用力過猛會(huì)削弱其他方面。所以Sophie作品的基礎(chǔ)是把多種需求的平衡放首位,故選B。A項(xiàng)“圖案的新穎性位居榜首”;B項(xiàng)“多元需求的平衡是第一位的”;C項(xiàng)“時(shí)尚是最好的政策”;D項(xiàng)“功能性是關(guān)鍵”。]4.Whatcanbeinferredfromtheunderlinedsentenceinthelastparagraph?A.Sophieresolvestoleadthefashionoflimbs.B.Sophieplanstofurthertransformartisticlimbs.C.Amputeeswillfeelateasetotalkaboutlimbs.D.Amputeeswillhaveeasyaccesstoartisticlimbs.答案C[句意理解題。在英文中anelephantintheroom比喻一些顯而易見但人們不愿討論的棘手問題,再結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可推知,這句話的意思是Sophie的事跡將假肢變?yōu)槿藗內(nèi)粘５脑掝},也就是說通過Sophie的努力,截肢者能夠輕松地談?wù)摷僦?故選C。]ResearchersatMITcreatedahigh-techpillthatstartstovibrate(振動(dòng))onceitmakescontactwithliquidintheuser’sstomachandmakeshimorherfeelfull.ThepillwasreportedlythoughtupbyShriyaSrinivasan,currentlyanassistantprofessorofbioengineeringatHarvardUniversity.VIBES,shortforVibratingIngestibleBioElectronicStimulator,wasonlyrecentlymadepublicinastudypublishedintheSciencejournal,butitisalreadybeingannouncedbythemediaasthefutureofweightloss.Althoughithasyettobetestedonhumans,trialsonpigshaveachievedveryhopefulresults.Afterabout30minutesofVIBESactivity,pigsconsumedonaveragealmost40percentlessfoodinthenexthalfhourthantheydidwithoutthepill.Apparently,therevolutionarydeviceworksbyactivatingstretchreceptorsinthestomach,modelingthepresenceoffood.Thisinturnsignalsthehypothalamus(下丘腦)toincreasethelevelsofhormonesthatmakeusfeelfull.Thevibratingstimulator,whichisaboutthesizeofavitaminpill,ispoweredbyanencasedbatteryandactivatedeitherbythegastricfluid(胃液)breakingdownthecoataroundthepill,orbyanincorporatedtimer.Afterproducingthedesiredeffect,thepillexitsthebodywithothersolidwaste.Thegoodnewsisthatitisexpectedtohaveacostinthecentstoonedollarrange,andresearcherssaythatitmayeventuallybepossibletoimplantthestimulatorandthusremovetheneedforpeopletoconstantlyswallowit.“Ourstudydemonstratestheeffectivenessofalow-cost,non-operativeinterventiontoreducefoodintakeandcalorieconsumption.Thedevicefunctionseffectivelyinthestomachandleadstofullness,”saidGiovanniTraverso,co-authorofthestudy.“Thedevicehasthepotentialtorevolutionizeoptionsforweightlosstreatment.However,futurestudieswillbeneededtoexplorethephysiologicaleffectsofthedevicebeforeit’savailableforpatients.”ResearchersarenowexploringwaystoscaleuptheproducingofVIBEScapsuleswhichcouldenableclinicaltrialsonhumans.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了麻省理工學(xué)院的研究人員研發(fā)出了一款神奇的藥丸,人吃上這種藥片就會(huì)產(chǎn)生飽腹感,從而減少食物攝入量,達(dá)到減肥的效果。5.Whatistheoutcomeoftakingthepill?A.Liquidproduction. B.Foodstorage.C.Asensationoffullness. D.Recoveryofusers.答案C[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“onceitmakescontactwithliquidintheuser’sstomachandmakeshimorherfeelfull”可知,一旦吃上這種藥片,人就會(huì)產(chǎn)生飽腹感,故選C。sensation“感覺,知覺”。]6.Whichaspectofthedeviceismentionedinparagraph2?A.Itsworkingprinciple. B.Itsintelligence.C.Itstestinghistory. D.Itssideeffect.答案A[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“therevolutionarydeviceworksby...withothersolidwaste”可知,這種革命性的裝置的工作原理是激活胃中的牽張感受器,模擬食物的存在。這反過來又使下丘腦增加能使我們感到飽腹的激素水平。振動(dòng)刺激器由被包裹的電池供電,通過胃液分解藥丸周圍的涂層,或由被包含的定時(shí)器激活。在產(chǎn)生預(yù)期的效果后,藥丸與其他固體廢物一起離開身體。由此可見,本段講到了該設(shè)備的工作原理,故A項(xiàng)正確。]7.Whatistheresearchers’ultimategoalofthedevice?A.Toproducegastricfluidwithit.B.Todestroythecoataroundit.C.Tofixitinthehumanbody.D.Toremovesolidwastefromit.答案C[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“itmayeventuallybepossibletoimplantthestimulatorandthusremovetheneedforpeopletoconstantlyswallowit”可知,研究人員希望最終將該刺激器植入體內(nèi),從而使人們不必不斷吞下它,故C項(xiàng)正確。]8.WhatisGiovanniTraverso’sattitudetowardsthefutureofthedevice?A.Worried. B.Cautious.C.Doubtful. D.Confused.答案B[觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中GiovanniTraverso所說的話“futurestudieswillbeneededtoexplorethephysiologicaleffectsofthedevicebeforeit’savailableforpatients”可知,在該設(shè)備上市之前還需要進(jìn)行研究以探索其生理效應(yīng)。據(jù)此可以推斷,GiovanniTraverso對(duì)該設(shè)備的前景持謹(jǐn)慎態(tài)度,故選B。]InmywholelifeIwasfrightenedbydoctors.SowhenIrecentlylaunchedaseriesofwritingandpublishingcourses,Iwasshockedtofindamongmystudentsseveralphysicians,thesameprofessionasmyfather.Andtheyallwantedtobewriters.Wheneversomeonementionedtheirmedicalbackground,I’dthinkIhadtocallDadtotellhim,butIcouldn’t.RaisedupinabigMichiganfamilywiththreebrilliantloudsciencebrainbrothers,I’dalwaysfeltleftoutbytheirDiseaseGameatdinner,whereDadthrewoutcasesforthemtodiagnose.Ourhousewastheirlaboratory.Iwasfrequentlyscaredbybeesinjarsintherefrigeratorandpetrats.GettingtostudymedicinewasalwaysDad’sdream,soheencouragedtheboystofollowinhisfootsteps.ButInevertrulysettleddown,chasingmydreamforliteraryhereandthere.Myfatheropposedmyliberalism.IwasoverjoyedwhenRandomHousepublishedmyhumorousmemoirs(回憶錄)aboutmypastaddictions.Myfatherwasn’tsojoyful.“You’rebringingdisgraceonourfamily,”hesnapped.At87,whenmyfatherwasadmittedtohospitalwithheartandkidneyfailure,wehadarareafternoonalone.Sittingbyhisbed,Iapologizedfortakingsolongtofigureoutmylife.“Ihavealotofregrets,”hesaid.“Ittookmetoolongtomakeadecentliving,screwingupjobsbecauseofmybullheadednessandbigmouth.”

IwasnervouswhenhisphysicianOlafemailedme,butitwasn’tbadnews.“Yourdadsaysyou’reaprofessorwhohelpspeoplepublish.Couldyouhelpme?”heasked.“WhatdidyoutellOlafaboutme?”IquestionedDadthatnight,stillsurprised.“Thatyoustucktoyourgunsandbecameasuccess,”hesaid.“Whydidn’tyouevertellmethat?”“I’mtellingyounow,”hesaid.HewaspleasedwhenIhelpedOlafpublishhisfirstmagazinepiece.IwishDadwereheresoIcouldsharethelateststoriesofmyphysicianstudents.ButIlosthimfouryearsago.Inaway,hestillishere,asIchanneleverythinghetaughtmeabouthardwork,andnevergivingupdoingwhatyoulove.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者的父親鼓勵(lì)孩子們學(xué)醫(yī),而作者卻堅(jiān)持追求當(dāng)作家的夢(mèng)想,父親一開始對(duì)此感到不高興,但最后仍然選擇支持作者的故事。9.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor’sbrothers?A.Theyusedtomakeloudnoise.B.Theywereaddictedtoplayinggames.C.Theywereinterestedinmedicine.D.Theydistancedtheauthoronpurpose.答案C[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干將答案定位至第二段“Raisedupina...andpetrats”,可知,作者有三個(gè)才華橫溢的兄弟,在晚餐時(shí),作者總是覺得被他們的“疾病游戲”排除在外,在此游戲中,爸爸把病例拋給他們?nèi)ピ\斷。作者的家是他們的實(shí)驗(yàn)室,家里有裝在罐子里的蜜蜂和寵物鼠。由此可知,作者的哥哥們對(duì)醫(yī)學(xué)感興趣。]10.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“screwingup”probablymean?A.Takingover. B.Focusingon.C.Contributingto. D.Messingup.答案D[詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)題干將答案定位至第五段畫線詞前的“alotofregrets”“Ittookmetoolongtomakeadecentliving”和畫線詞后的“becauseofmybullheadednessandbigmouth”,即作者的爸爸有很多遺憾,之前花了太長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才過上體面的生活,因?yàn)樗墓虉?zhí)和大嘴巴而把工作搞砸了。bullheadedness意思是“固執(zhí),剛愎自用”;bigmouth意思是“多嘴的人,自吹自擂的人,嘴不嚴(yán)的人”,由此可知,畫線詞是貶義詞。]11.WhydidDadrecommendthea