2on年英語專業(yè)八級漢譯英練習(xí)匯總

L學(xué)無止境

傳道者感嘆到：“著書立說沒有止境“，卻沒發(fā)覺他已高度評價了作家這一職業(yè)。的確，

寫作、旅行、積聚財富都是沒有終結(jié)的。一個問題引發(fā)另外一個問題。我們不斷學(xué)習(xí)，且永

遠(yuǎn)達(dá)不到心中所渴望的那般學(xué)識淵博。我們永遠(yuǎn)雕刻不出自己心儀的塑像。當(dāng)發(fā)現(xiàn)一個新大

陸,或翻過一座山脈時，我們總會看到遠(yuǎn)方還有未曾涉足的海洋與陸地。宇宙浩渺，總會有

供我們勤奮努力的東西，總會有供我們探索的空間。它不像卡萊爾的著作，可以讀完。即使

在其一角，在一個私人花園，或一個農(nóng)莊附近，四季輪回，天氣瞬息萬變，哪怕在那里生活

了一輩子，也總會有讓我們驚喜的事情。

"Ofmakingbooksthereisnoend,*'complainedthePreacher;anddidnotperceiveh

owhighlyhewaspraisinglettersasanoccupation.Thereisnoend,indeed,tomakingb

ooksorexperiments,ortotravel,ortogatheringwealth.Problemgivesrisetoproblem.

Wemaystudyforever,andweareneveraslearnedaswewould.Wehavenevermade

astatueworthyofourdreams.Andwhenwehavediscoveredacontinent,orcrosseda

chainofmountains,itisonlytofindanotheroceanoranotherplainuponthefurtherside.

Intheinfiniteuniversethereisroomforourswiftestdiligenceandtospare.Itisnotli

ketheworksofCarlyle,whichcanbereadtoanend.Eveninacornerofit,inapriva

tepark,orintheneighbourhoodofasinglehamlet,theweatherandtheseasonskeepso

deftlychangingthatalthoughwewalkthereforalifetimetherewillbealwayssomethin

gnewtostartleanddelightus.

2.理解和表達(dá)

理解和表達(dá)是翻譯過程中兩個緊密聯(lián)系的階段，理解是表達(dá)的前提，沒有正確的理解就

不可能有正確的表達(dá)。具體到八級考試翻譯測試中，考生應(yīng)正確理解原文中的詞法和句法結(jié)

構(gòu)，修辭手法，以及原文中涉及的文化背景知識等。請看下面的例子：

我的導(dǎo)師是亞裔人，嗜煙好酒，脾氣暴躁.

誤譯：Myadvisor,anAsian,wasaddictedtoalcoholsandcigarettes.

改譯：Myadvisor,anAsianAmerican,wasaddictedtoalcoholsandcigarettes.

這是1997年八級考試漢譯英試題中的一句，很多考生將“亞裔人"理解為"亞洲人"，而譯

成Asian,這顯然是不對的.根據(jù)原文的語境，這里的“亞裔人”指的是已經(jīng)取得美國國籍的亞洲

人，應(yīng)翻譯成AsianAmerican.

Amongprominentsummerdeaths,onerecallsthoseofMarilynMonroeandJamesD

ean,whoselivesseemedequallybriefandcomplete.

誤譯：在著名的夏天的逝世者中，我們會想起瑪麗蓮夢露和詹姆斯迪恩，他們的生命都是

既短促又圓滿的.

改譯：在著名的英年早逝者中，我們會想起瑪麗蓮夢露和詹姆斯迪恩，他們的生命都是既

短促又圓滿的。

這是2000年八級考試英譯漢試題中的一句，居中summerdeaths短語中的summer不

是“夏天”的意思，而是”壯年“，”全盛期”的意思。如此錯誤的理解導(dǎo)致譯文在意思上和原文相

去甚遠(yuǎn).

3.白蟻之害

你知道白蟻之害嗎?一座大廈如果有了白蟻，不加防治，不到十年時間，里面的地板壁

板，都會蛀蝕一空。一般的房屋受了嚴(yán)重的蟻害，有的還會突然倒塌下來，傷了性命。電桿

被白蟻蛀蝕，一般兩三年就要換一次。船只有了白蟻，輕的會將貨物蛀爛，重的會使船沉沒。

鐵路枕木如果受白蟻侵蝕，火車就有出軌的危險。白蟻這種害蟲，實(shí)在是相當(dāng)可惡的。在我

們的社會里，則有另?種“白蟻”。前些日子報載吉林省外貿(mào)局副局長王震宇利用職權(quán)，大慷

國家之慨，吃喝玩樂，請客送禮，浪費(fèi)驚人，不也是一種“白蟻”之害嗎？

白蟻

*[termite]等翅目的?種像螞蟻的昆蟲，群居，取食木材，對森林、建筑、橋梁等為害極大

*Whiteants

*害：harm;harmfulness;destruction,destructiveness,destructivity

TheDestructivenessofTermites

Termitesaredestructive

TheDestructiveTermites

你知道白蟻之害嗎？

*譯文：Doyouknowhowdestructivetermitesare?

*Doyouknowtermitesaredestructive?

*Haveyouheardofdestructionbytermites?

一座大廈如果有了白蟻，不加防治，不到十年時間，里面的地板、壁板，都會蛀蝕一

空。

*大廈：edifice,high-rise,mansion,tallbuilding

*有了白蟻：這里似乎有“白蟻泛濫成災(zāi)”或“鬧蟻災(zāi)”的意思，beinfestedwith,beramp

antwith

*一座大廈如果有了白蟻，不加防治：

*防治：preventandcontrol;check

*（如果）不加防治：加以：對……進(jìn)行（無需翻譯）

*不至lj:lessthan;fewerthan;withtenyears

*地板：woodenfloor

*壁板：wallpaneling

*蛀蝕：bore,worm-eaten;moth-eaten;eataway,damage

*一空：一點(diǎn)不乘!Jnothingisleft;...tonothing;withnothingleft;eatawayall...

參考譯文

Ifatallbuildingwereinfestedwithtermitesandnothingweredonetopreventandc

ontrolthem,theentirewoodenfloorandwallpanelinginsideitwouldhavebeeneatena

wayinlessthantenyears.

一般的房屋受了嚴(yán)重的蟻害，有的還會突然倒塌下來，傷了性命。

*受了害：beinfestedwith;beaffectedby;suffer（severedamage）from;termite-ri

dden（充滿...的）,beinvadedby

?般的房屋受了嚴(yán)重的蟻害，有的還會突然倒塌下來，傷了性命。

*一般的房屋（如果）受了嚴(yán)重的蟻害：此句為條件關(guān)系.Ordinaryhouses

*另外可以把“有的"與“一般的房屋”合起來，變成“someoftheordinaryhousesmight

collapseifheavilydamagedbytermites.

一般的房屋受了嚴(yán)重的蟻害，有的還會突然倒塌下來，傷了性命。

“會”字的翻譯：will,would,can,could,may,might

*倒塌：collapse,topple,ciumble

*傷了性命：causedeath;causealossoflife*參考譯文：

*1.Ifseriouslydamaged,somehousesoftheordinarykindmighttopple,causingdea

ths.

*2.Ifordinaryhousessufferedfromtermiteattack,somewouldcollapse,killingpeop

leinside.

*3.Someoftheordinaryhousesdamagedbytermitesmightcollapse,causingcasualti

es.

電桿被白蟻蛀蝕，一般兩三年就要換一次。

*電桿：wirepole,不能譯成electricpole（帶電的桿子）

*-，般：usually;asarule;ordinary;common;generallyspeaking;

*更換：substitute;replace

電桿被白蟻蛀蝕，一般兩三年就要換一次。

*Generallyspeaking,termite-eatenwirepolesoughttobereplacedeverytwoorthree

years.

*Wirepoleswouldhavetobereplacedattwoorthreeyears'intervalduetodamage

bytermites.

船只有了白蟻，輕的會將貨物蛀爛，重的會使船沉沒。

*此句可以理解為:如果白蟻在船上輕微泛濫，貨物會被蛀爛，如果嚴(yán)重泛濫，會使船沉

沒.

(1.)Ifslightlydamagedbytermiteeating,goodsonaboatmightdecay;ifheavilyd

amaged,theboatmightsink.

船只有了白蟻，輕的會將貨物蛀爛，重的會使船沉沒。

*(2.)Minordamagetoaboatbytermiteswouldverylikelyruinthefreightonboard

whileseveredestructionmightwellleadtothesinkingoftheboat.

鐵路枕木如果受白蟻侵蝕，火車就有出軌的危險。

*枕木：sleeper,crossties

*出軌：bederailed,runoffthetrack,goofftherail

l.Ifrailwaysleeperswereeatenawaybytermites,trainswouldbeindangerofrunni

ngoffthetrack.

2.Trainsrunningontermite-eatensleepersarerunningtheriskofgoingofftherails.

3.Termite-eatensleeperswouldderailtrains.

白蟻這種害蟲，實(shí)在是相當(dāng)可惡的。

*可惡：abhorrent;abominable;loathsome;disgusting

*Howdisgustingpestsliketermitesare!

*Whatdisgustingpeststennitesare!

*Suchpestsastermitesarereallydisgusting!

在我們的社會里，則有另一種“白蟻

1.Thereisanotherkindofinoursociety.

2.'Termites“ofadifferentkindcanalsobefoundinoursociety.

前些日子報載

*前些日子：即最近、近來afewdaysago,theotherday,lately,recently

*報載：itwasreportedonthenewspaperthat;accordingtoanewspaper;accordingto

apressreport

吉林省外貿(mào)局副局長王震宇利用職權(quán)，大慷國家之慨，吃喝玩樂，請客送禮，浪費(fèi)驚人，

不也是?種“白蟻”之害嗎？

*外貿(mào)局：ForeignTradeBureau

*吉林省外貿(mào)局:JilinForeignTradeBureau

*副局長：vice-director;deputychief

前些日子報載吉林省外貿(mào)局副局長王震宇利用職權(quán)，大慷國家之慨，吃喝玩樂，請客送

禮，浪費(fèi)驚人，不也是一種“白蟻”之害嗎？

*吉林省外貿(mào)局副局長王震宇：WangZhenyu,fonner（因已經(jīng)下臺）deputydirectorofJ

ilinForeignTradeBureau

*利用:use;utilize;employ;exploit;takeadvantageof;（濫用）abuse

*職權(quán)：power;authority

前些日子報載吉林省外貿(mào)局副局長王震宇利用職權(quán)，大慷國家之慨，吃喝玩樂，請客送

禮，浪費(fèi)驚人，不也是一種“白蟻”之害嗎？

*慷慨：大量給予，這里是反話，大量使用，揮霍spend/expendwastefully;squander

*（慷慨：濫用職權(quán)的具體表現(xiàn)，所以使用abusehispowerbysquandering的結(jié)構(gòu)更好）

前些日子報載吉林省外貿(mào)局副周長王震宇利用職權(quán)，大慷國家之慨，吃喝玩樂，請客送

禮，浪費(fèi)驚人，不也是一種“白蟻''之害嗎？

*國家：government,state

*大慷國家之慨：expendmoneyattheexpenseofthestate;squanderlargeamountsof

governmentmoney...

*吃喝玩樂：wining,diningandotherpleasure-seeking

前些日子報載吉林省外貿(mào)局副局長王震宇利用職權(quán)，大慷國家之慨，吃喝玩樂，請客送

禮，浪費(fèi)驚人，不也是一種“白蟻”之害嗎？

*請客：entertainguests;giveadinnerparty;invite...todinner;treat

*送禮：present/give...giftorpresent

*不也是：難道不是Aren'tthey/Isn'tit…

*按照英文習(xí)慣，這段文字處理成“浪費(fèi)大量資金用于吃喝玩樂、請客送禮，這一切全部

出自國家腰包

*Accordingtoarecentpressreport,WangZhenyu,formervicedirectorofJilinForei

gnTradeBureau,abusedhispowerbysquanderingagrotesqueamountofmoneywining,

dining,holdingdinnerparties,givinggiftsandseekingotherpleasures,allattheexpense

ofthestate.Isn'theasdestructiveas“termites"too?

4.當(dāng)生活中的不確定感向你襲來

我的一個好朋友最近接受了白血病測試。她對我說，最令人痛苦的折磨就是苦苦等待測

試結(jié)果的那一周時間。我朋友說，她可能會學(xué)著直面壞結(jié)果。但真正讓人煎熬焦慮的是那種

茫然的感覺。

孟克(EdvardMunch)的名畫《吶喊》哈佛大學(xué)心理學(xué)家吉爾伯特(DanielGilbert)不久前在

《紐約時報》(NewYorkTimes)的專欄中寫道，不知道要發(fā)生什么壞事比知道什么壞事要發(fā)

生的感覺更糟。我們大多數(shù)人之所以會夜不能寐、抽煙發(fā)泄，并不是因?yàn)榈拉偹怪笖?shù)要再跌

1000點(diǎn)，而是因?yàn)槲覀儾恢赖乐笗粫碌徊淮_定的感覺比不確定的事情本身更折磨

人。

CopingWiththeCertaintyofUncertainty

Aclosefriendofminerecentlyunderwenttestsforleukemia.Themostagonizingpartofthe

ordeal,shesaid,wastheweek-longwaitforthetestresults.Abadoutcomeshecouldlearnto

copewith,myfriendsaid.Itwasthenotknowing,theuncertainty,thatwassodifficult.

Peoplefeelworsewhensomethingbadmightoccurthanwhensomethingbadwilloccur,,

wroteHarvardpsychologistDanielGilbertinarecentNewYorkTimesop-ed.'Mostofusaren't

losingsleepandsuckingdownMarlborosbecausetheDowisgoingtofallanotherthousand

points,butbecausewedon'tknowwhetheritwillfallornot-andhumanbeingsfinduncertainty

morepainfulthanthethingsthey'reuncertainabout.'

5,成為圣者的秘訣

Thesecretofbeingasaint(revisedbyUncleYeti)

從前，在一個國家里，有一位做了無數(shù)善事的善心者。國王非常欣賞他的善舉，便封他

為圣者。

有一天，圣者過八十大壽，國王前來慶賀，特別帶來一位畫家，想通過畫家的筆，將這

位圣者慈祥的容貌畫下來，作為世人的典范。

用完晚餐之后，眾多的嘉賓前來觀賞這幅慈愛的畫。肖像畫家將這幅畫像拿出來的時候，

所有人大吃一驚。因?yàn)楫嬂锏娜烁緵]有慈善的面貌，反而充滿暴戾，粗野，邪惡的氣息。

國王一看，生氣地要人把畫家拖出去鞭打。

這時，圣者聽到驚呼聲，跑了過來，他看到這幅畫后，跪倒在地：“國王，這畫里的人，

才是真實(shí)的我啊。”國王驚詫地問：“為什么？‘圣者道："這就是我一生掙扎著，不想去做的

那個人啊?！?/p>

在這世匕沒有天生的圣者，惟有能時時刻刻自我反省，自我檢視的人，才能成為圣者。

Onceuponatimetherelivedinacountryado-gooder.Thekingwasveryappreciativeofhis

deedsanddecidedtohonourhimasasaintbyadecree.

Onthesaint'seightiethbirthday,thekingwasinvitedtohisbirthdaycelerbration.Hebrought

withhimapaintersoastodoapictureofthekindlysaintasaparagonforhiscountrymen.

Whenthefeastisoveralltheguestswereaskedtohavealookatthepicture.Totheirgreat

surprise,whenthepicturewasshown,whattheysawwasnotakindbutaruthlessandcruellook.

Thekingwasveryangryatseeingthisandorderedhismentobeatthepainter.

Uponhearingthenoise,thesaintrushedtothescenetohavealookatthepicture.After

viewingit,thesaintkneltdownandsaid,"yourmajesty,thepersoninthepictureisnoneother

thanme."Why?"saidtheking,dumbfounded.*ThishasbeentheverypersonwhomIhavenever

wantedtobe."

Inthisworld,therearenonaturallybornsaints;onlythosewhocandoself-criticismand

sel-examination,canbecomesaints.

6.慈禧與猴

光緒二十六年，八國聯(lián)軍攻占北京。慈禧太后棄城而走，一直逃到西安。和談開始后，

她并未馬上返回北京。起初，外國列強(qiáng)的要求里面有一項(xiàng)是讓慈禧太后退位，由光緒帝重新

執(zhí)掌朝廷。不過，在與李鴻章多次會談后，他們放棄了這一要求。

【中文】

第二年正式簽署和約，隨后過了一個月慈禧才終于從西安動身。她對外國人萬分懼怕，

正像她對國人無比傲慢一樣。她在河南停留了很長一段時間，到了保定又逗留多日，好不容

易才回到北京。據(jù)野史記載，在這漫長的旅途中還發(fā)生了一件趣事。?位地方官員送給慈禧

一只猴子，她頗為高興，竟下旨給那只猴子穿黃馬褂。后來太監(jiān)報告說，有的官員發(fā)出了“人

不如猴的感慨，慈禧這才發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的決定有些荒唐，于是又下旨給隨行官員每人一件黃馬

褂。得到這殊榮之后，大家真不知道該感謝慈禧還是感謝那只猴子。

【英文】

Inthefollowingyear,aformalpeacepactwassigned.Aboutamonthlater,Cixileft

Xi'anatlast.Shewasutterlyfearfulofforeignersjustasshewasextremelyarro-gantto

wardherowncountrymen.ShestoppedfaralongtimeinHenanandhaltedinBaodingf

orquiteafewdaysbeforefinallyarrivinginBeijing.Accordingtounofficialaccounts,an

amusingepisodetookplaceduringthislonganddrawnoutjourney.Whenalocaloff!ci

alofferedamonkeytoherasagift,shewassopleasedthatsheorderedayellowmand

arinjackettobeconferreduponthemonkey.later,aeunuchheardsomeofficialscomplain

ingthatpeoplewereconsideredlessworthythanamonkeyandwenttoinformCixi,who

realizedthatherorderhadbeenindeedalittletoowhimsical.Sosheissuedanotheredic

tgrantingeachoftheescortingofficialsayellowmandarinjacket.Uponthereceiptofsu

chanunusualfavortheofficialsdidnotknowwhethertheyshouldthankCixiorrathert

hemonkeyforit.

7.我的人生追求

WhatIHaveLivedForbyBertrandRussell

“我的人生追求”—伯特蘭?羅素

有三種樸實(shí)卻異常強(qiáng)烈的激情左右著我的人生:渴望愛情、尋求知識和對受苦人的憐憫。

這三種激情尤如颶風(fēng)肆意地吹著我，從無邊的苦海吹向絕境。

我尋找愛，因?yàn)閻凼谷颂兆?。我常常寧愿用我全部的余生來換取兒個小時這樣的欣喜。

我尋找愛，因?yàn)閻凼刮医獬斯录牛獬艘粋€顫抖的靈魂從人世間到冷漠無底的深淵所經(jīng)

歷的孤寂。我尋找愛，因?yàn)槲以趷鄣目s影中看到了圣人和詩人眼里天堂的景象。這就是以往

我尋找的，雖然對于人生來說似乎過于美好，但我終于找到了。

以同樣的激情，我尋求知識。我渴望理解人類的心靈。我想知道群星為何閃爍。我試圖

領(lǐng)悟畢達(dá)哥拉斯的數(shù)的魔力，它支配著數(shù)的和諧。我已多少達(dá)到了此目的。

愛和知識總是通往天堂。但是憐憫總把我?guī)Щ貕m世。痛苦喊叫的回聲在我心中回蕩。挨

餓的孩子，遭摧殘的受害者，被子女視為累贅的無助老人，以及這個充滿孤獨(dú)、貧窮和痛苦

的世界，是對應(yīng)有人生的一種嘲弄。我渴望減輕這種災(zāi)難，但是我無能為力，我也在受苦。

Threepassions,simplebutoverwhelminglystrong,havegovernedmylife■--thelonging

forlove,thesearchforknowledge,andtheunbearablepityforthesufferingofmankind.

Thesepassions,likegreatwinds,haveblownmehitherandthither,inawaywardcourse,ov

eradeepoceanofanguish,reacingtotheveryvergeofdespair.

1havesoughtlove,first,becauseitbringsecstasy—ecstasysogreatthatIwouldofte

nhavesacrificedalltherestoflivingforafewhoursofthisjoy.Ihavesoughtit,next,

becauseitrelievesloneliness—thatterriblelonelinessinwhichoneshiveringconsciousnes

slooksovertherimoftheworldintothecoldunfathomablelifelessabyss.Ihavesought

it,finally,becauseintheunionofloveIhaveseen,inamysticmimature,theprefiguringvi

sionoftheheaventhatsaintsandpoetshaveimagined.ThisiswhatIsought,andthoug

hitmightseemtoogoodforhumanlife,thisiswhat,atlast,Ihavefound.

WithequalpassionIhavesoughtknowledge.!havewishedtounderstandtheheaitso

fmen.Ihavewishdtoknowwhythestarsshine.AndIhavetriedtoapprehendthePyth

agoreanpowerbywhichnumberholdsswayabovetheflux.Alittleofthis,butnotmuc

h,Ihaveachieved.

Loveandknowledge,sofarastheywerepossible,ledupwardtowardtheheavens.Bu

talwayspitybroughtmebacktoearth.Echoesofcriesofpainreverberatemyheart.Chi

Idreninfamine,victimstorturedbyoppressors,helplessoldpeopleahatedburdentotheir

sons,andthewholeworldofloneliness,poverty,andpainmakeamockeryofwhathum

anlifeshouldbe.Ilongtoalleviatetheevil,butIcannot,and1toosuffer.

Thishasbeenmylife.Ihavefounditworthliving,andwouldgladlyliveitagaini

fthechancewereofferedme.

8.真正的幸福

正是因?yàn)椴煌５刈非筮M(jìn)取，我們才感到生活幸福。一件事完成后，另一件隨之而來，如

此連綿不絕，永無止境。對于往前看的人來說，眼前總有?番新天地。雖然我們蝸居于這顆

小行星上，整日忙于鎖事且生命短暫，但我們生來就有不盡的希望，如天上繁星，遙不可及。

只要生命猶在，希望便會不止。真正的幸福在于怎樣開始，而不是如何結(jié)束，在于我們的希

翼，而并非擁有。

參考譯文：

Weliveinanascendingscalewhenwelivehappily,onethingleadingtoanotherinan

endlessseries.Thereisalwaysanewhorizonforonward-lookingmen,andalthoughwedwellon

asmallplanet,immersedinpettybusinessandnotenduringbeyondabriefperiodofyears,weare

soconstitutedthatourhopesareinaccessible,likestars,andthetermofhopingisprolongeduntil

thetermoflife.Tobetrulyhappyisaquestionofhowwebeginandnotofhowweend,ofwhat

wewantandnotofwhatwehave.

9.進(jìn)取的幸福

正是因?yàn)椴煌５刈非筮M(jìn)取，我們才感到生活幸福。一件事完成后，另一件隨之而來，如

此連綿不絕，永無止境。對于往前看的人來說，眼前總有一番新天地。雖然我們蝸居于這顆

小行星上，整日忙于鎖事且生命短暫，但我們生來就有不盡的希望，如天上繁星，遙不可及。

只要生命猶在，希望便會不止。真正的幸福在于怎樣開始，而不是如何結(jié)束，在于我們的希

翼，而并非擁有。

Weliveinanascendingscalewhenwelivehappily,onethingleadingtoanotherinan

endlessseries.Thereisalwaysanewhorizonforonward-lookingmen,andalthoughwedwellon

asmallplanet,immersedinpettybusinessandnotenduringbeyondabriefperiodofyears,weare

soconstitutedthatourhopesareinaccessible,likestars,andthetermofhopingisprolongeduntil

thetennoflife.Tobetrulyhappyisaquestionofhowwebeginandnotofhowweend,ofwhat

wewantandnotofwhatwehave.

10.中國的文學(xué)

與舞蹈和音樂相伴的歌謠跟口頭流傳的神話，遠(yuǎn)在文字出現(xiàn)之前就已大量產(chǎn)生。中國的

文學(xué)正是發(fā)端于此。不過歌謠本是人們在生活中隨興而發(fā)的東西，上古時代也沒有保存和記

載它們的手段，因之也就很快湮滅，不留痕跡。我們只能從一些古籍書中推斷它們的存在。

古書中記載了一些據(jù)稱年代非常久遠(yuǎn)的歌謠，但是大多出于后人的偽托，能夠斷定朝代的歌

謠要到《詩經(jīng)》里才能看見。從這點(diǎn)來看，古代神話對中國文學(xué)的影響更為顯著。

Longbeforetheemergenceofthewrittenword,ballads,accompaniedbymusicand

dance,andmyths,passedaroundbywordofmouth,werewidelypopular.Chineseliteraturefinds

itsoriginsinthesetraditions.However,balladswerewhatpeopleimprovisedoutofdailylife,and

duetolackofmeanstorecordandpreservetheminancienttimes,theyquicklydisappeared

withoutleavingmuchofatrace.Today,wecanonlydeducetheirexistencefromancientbooks,

whichrecordedsometime-honoredballads,thoughmostofthesearebelivedtobederivativesof

latergenerations.BalladsintheBookofSongsaretheearliestwritingsthatcanbedated.From

thispointofview,ancientmythologyobviouslyhashadagreatinfluenceonChineseliterature.

11.婚姻使人肥？

我和丈夫結(jié)婚已經(jīng)五年了，從我們的腰圍就能看出來。雖然我們倆都還算天生苗條，也

盡量定期健身，但自打結(jié)婚生子以來我們還是無可避免地長胖了?點(diǎn)。(事實(shí)上，我那個還

在學(xué)步的孩子這段時間最喜歡的活動就是揪著我的肚皮狂笑。真是多謝了。)

刊登在《肥胖》(Obesity)雜志和《商業(yè)周刊》網(wǎng)站(BusinessW)的新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，

已婚夫婦變得肥胖的機(jī)率是正在戀愛但尚未結(jié)婚或同居的人的兩倍。結(jié)婚時間越長，體重增

加、變得肥胖的風(fēng)險就越大。

北卡羅來納大學(xué)教堂山分校(UniversityofNorthCarolinaatChapelHill)的研究人員說，

兩個人生活在一起就會一同行動，比如說一塊兒吃飯看電視。科學(xué)家們還強(qiáng)調(diào)，婚姻會帶來

許多健康方面的好處，比如說少抽煙，死亡率也會降低。

DoesMarriageMakeYouFat?

MyhusbandandIhavebeenmarriedforfiveyearsandyoucantellbyourwaistlines.While

we'rebothnaturallyprettyslimandtrytoexercisesomewhatregularly,we'vedefinitelyputona

fewpoundssinceweexchangedvows(that'susinthepicture)andsincewehadourson.(Infact,

mytoddler'sfavoriteactivitythesedaysissqueezingmybellyandgigglinghysterically.Thanks.)

Newresearch,publishedinthejournalObesityandwrittenaboutatBusinessW,

foundthatmarriedcouplesaretwiceaslikelytobecomeobeseaspeopleinromanticrelationships

whoweren'tmarriedorlivingtogether.Thelongercouplesaremarried,thegreatertheriskof

gainingweightandbecomingobese.

Theresearchers,fromtheUniversityofNorthCarolinaatChapelHill,saywhenpeopleare

livingtogethertheysharebehaviors,suchaseatingmealstogetherandwatchingTV.The

scientistsalsonotethatmairiageprovidesanumberofhealthbenefits,includingdecreased

cigarettesmokingandlowermortality.

12.止謗莫如自修

張恨水先生曾寫過一篇《為人應(yīng)當(dāng)接受批評》，他說：“生平很少和人打筆墨官司，就

是人家指出我的名姓來教訓(xùn)一頓，我也不曾回復(fù)一個字。這樣做，我并非怯懦，也并非過分

的容忍。我有個感想，我錯了，止謗莫如自修。我不錯，最好借事實(shí)來答復(fù)。這是一個辦法,

也許不適合他人，但至少我自己，在做人上糾正了不少錯誤。而三十年來的寫作生涯，略有

寸進(jìn)，一大半也就是根據(jù)別人的批評而得的?！昂匏壬鷮Υu的態(tài)度，很值得當(dāng)今文化

人學(xué)習(xí)。

Mr.ZhangHenshuioncewroteupAManShouldAcceptCriticisms.Inthisarticle,hesaid,*'I

seldomdeliverpaperargumentswithpeopleandevenwriteasinglewordinretortwhensomeone

launchesacriticismbymentioningmyname.NeitherdoesthismeanthatIamweak,norover

tolerant.IthinkifIdidsomethingwrong,thebetterwaytoagainstdefamingistodo

self-examination;ifit'snotmyfault,I'dratherairmyopinionsbasedonthefact.Thismaybenot

practicalforotherpeople,butatleastithelpsmealotonbehavingmyself.Duringthelifeofmy

overthirtyyearswritting,someprogressIhavemademostlybenefitsfromothers'criticisms."

Mr.Zhang'sattitudetocriticismiswellworthyofintellectuals*following.

2004年英語專業(yè)八級考試歷年全真試卷

試卷一(95min)

PartIListeningComprehension(40min)

InSectionsA,BandCyouwillheareverythingONCEONLY.Listencarefullyand

thenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.Markthecorrectanswertoeachquestion

onyourcolouredanswersheet.

SECTIONATALK

Questions1to5refertothetalkinthissection.Attheendofthetalkyou

willbegiven75secondstoanswerthequestions.

Nowlistentothetalk.

1.Theparallelbetweenwaltzingandlanguageuseliesin__.

A.thecoordinationbasedonindividualactions

B.thenumberofindividualparticipants

C.thenecessityofindividualactions

D.therequirementsforparticipants

2.Inthetalkthespeakerthinksthatlanguageuseisa(n)__process.

A.individual

B.combined

C.distinct

D.social

3.Themaindifferencebetweenpersonalandnonpersonalsettingsisin

A.themanneroflanguageuse

B.thetopicandcontentofspeech

C.theinteractionsbetweenspeakerandaudience

D.therelationshipbetweenspeakerandaudience

4.Infictionalsettings,speakers

A.hidetheirrealintentions

B.voiceothers'intentions

C.playdoublerolesonandoffstage

D.onlyimitateotherpeopleinlife

5.Comparedwithothertypesofsettings,themainfeatureofprivatesettingis

A.theabsenceofspontaneity

B.thepresenceofindividualactions

C.thelackofrealintentions

D.theabsenceofaudience

SECTIONBINTERVIEW

Questions6to10arebasedonaninterview.Attheendoftheinterviewyouwi

11begiven75secondstoanswerthequestions.

Nowlistentotheinterview.

6.WhatwaseducationlikeinProfessorWang'sdays?

A.Studentsworkedveryhard.

B.Studentsfelttheyneededaseconddegree.

C.Educationwasnotcareeroriented.

D.Thereweremanyspecializedsubjects.

7.AccordingtoProfessorWang,whatisthepurposeofthepresentdayeducati

on?

A.Toturnoutanadequatenumberofeliteforthesociety.

B.Topreparestudentsfortheirfuturecareer.

C.Toofferpracticalandutilitariancoursesineachprogramme.

D.Tosetupasmanytechnicalinstitutionsaspossible.

8.InProfessorWang'sopinion,technicalskills__.

A.requiregoodeducation

B.aresecondarytoeducation

C.don'tcallforgoodeducation

D.don'tconflictwitheducation

9.WhatdoesProfessorWangsuggesttocopewiththesituationcausedbyincreas

ingnumbersoffeepayingstudents?

A.Shiftingfromoneprogrammetoanother.

B.Workingoutwaystoreducestudentnumber.

C.Emphasizingbetterqualityofeducation.

D.Settingupstricterexaminationstandards.

10.Futureeducationneedstoproducegraduatesofallthefollowingcategories

EXCEPT___.

A.thosewhocanadapttodifferentprofessions

B.thosewhohaveahighflexibilityofmind

C.thosewhoarethinkers,historiansandphilosophers

D.thosewhopossessonlyhighlyspecializedskills

SECTIONCNEWSBROADCAST

Questions11to13arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsite

m,

youwillbegiven45secondstoanswerthequestions.

Nowlistentothenews.

11.Whichofthefollowingregionsintheworldwi11witnessthesharpest

dropinlifeexpectancy?

A.LatinAmerica.

B.SubSaharanAfrica.

C.Asia.

D.TheCaribbean.

12.Accordingtothenews,whichcountrywillexperiencesmalllifeexpectancyd

rop?

A.Burma.

B.Botswana.

C.Cambodia.

D.Thailand.

13.Thecountriesthatarepredictedtoexperiencenegativepopulationgrowthar

emainlyin____

A.Asia.

B.Africa.

C.LatinAmerica.D.TheCaribbean.

Questions14and15arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsite

m,youwillbegiven30secondstoanswerthequestions.

Nowlistentothenews.

14.ThetradedisputebetweentheEuropeanUnionandtheUSwascausedby__.

A.USrefusaltoacceptarbitrationbyWTO

B.USimposingtariffsonEuropeansteel

C.USrefusaltopaycompensationtoEU

D.USrefusaltolowerimportdutiesonEUproducts

15.WhowillbeconsultedfirstbeforetheEUlistissubmittedtoWTO?

A.EUmemberstates.

B.TheUnitedStates.

C.WTO.

D.Thesteelcorporations.

SECTIONDNOTE-TAKINGANDGAP-FILLING

Inthissectionyouwillhearaminilecture.YouwillhearthelectureONCE

ONLY.Whilelisteningtothelecture,takenotesontheimportantpoints.Your

noteswillnotbemarked,butyouwillneedthemtocompletea15minutegap

fillingtaskonANSWERSHEETONEaftertheminilecture.Usetheblankshee

tfornotetaking.

ConversationSkills

Peoplewhousuallymakeusfeelcomfortableinconversationsaregoodtalkers.

Andtheyhavesomethingincommon,i.e.skillstoputpeopleatease.

1.Ski11toaskquestion

1)beawareofthehumannature:readinesstoanswerother*squestionsrega

rdlessof(1)____(1)__

2)startaconversationwithsomepersonalbutunharmfull

questionsaboutone's(2)____job(2)____

questionsaboutone'sactivitiesinthe(3)____(3)____

3)beabletospotsignalsforfurthertalk

2.Skillto(4)___foranswers(4)____

1)don'tshiftfromsubjecttosubject

—stickingtothesamesubject:signsof(5)____in(5)____

conversation

2)listento(6)ofvoice(6)

一Ifpeoplesoundunenthusiastic,thenchangesubject.

3)useeyesandears

—steadyyourgazewhilelistening

3.Ski11tolaugh

Effectsoflaughter:

—easepeople*s(7)____(7)

一helpstart(8)(8)

4.Skilltopart

1)importance:openuppossibilitiesforfuturefriendshipor

contact

2)ways:

men:asmile,a(9)(9)

women:sameas(10)____now(10)

——howtoexpresspleasureinmeetingsomeone.

PartIIProofreadingandErrorCorrection(15min)

ThepassagecontainsTENerrors.EachindicatedlinecontainsamaximumofONE

error.Ineachcase,onlyONEwordisinvolved.Youshouldproofreadthepassag

eandcorrectitinthefollowingway:

Forawrongword,underlinethewrongwordandwritethecorrectoneinthebla

nkprovidedattheendofthe1ine.

Foramissingword,markthepositionofthemissingwordwithasignan

dwritethewordyoubelievetobemissingintheblankprovidedattheendof

theline.

Foranunnecessaryword,crosstheunnecessarywordwithaslashandputt

hewordintheblankprovidedattheendoftheline.

Example

WhenAartmuseumwantsanewexhibit,(1)an

itneverbuysthingsinfinishedformandhangs(2)never

themonthewall.Whenanaturalhistorymuseum

wantsan[ZZ(Z]exhibition[ZZ)],itmustoftenbuildit.(3)exhibit

ProofreadthegivenpassageonANSWERSHEETTWOasinstructed.

Oneofthemostimportantnon-legislativefunctionsoftheU.SCongress

isthe