1.countyn.郡，縣

2.disastern.災(zāi)難,災(zāi)害；徹底失敗

3.crash”.碰撞聲，破裂聲；碰撞；崩潰山碰撞，撞擊；崩潰

crashinto...闖入；撞到...上

4.signal況發(fā)信號，示意；標(biāo)志〃.信號，暗號；標(biāo)志；信號燈

?signal(to)sbtodosth示意某人做某事

signalsbthat…示意某人...

-trafficsignals交通信號燈

5.exil況.&”出去，離去，退場；退出〃.出口，通道；離開

6.orderly。靖.有秩序的，有條理的，整齊的

7.stairn.樓梯；梯級

8.rolln.名單；卷；一管；翻滾譏翻滾；滾動；翻身；卷起

9.confirm”證實(shí)，確認(rèn)：使確信：批準(zhǔn)

Ithasbeenconfirmedthat…己確認(rèn)/證實(shí)...

10.hug”.擁抱，摟抱；抱緊

11.proceduren.程序,步驟，手續(xù)

12.tsunamin.海嘯

13.odd〃好.奇怪的，怪異的；偶爾的；不成對的

14.bubble”.泡，氣泡，泡沫

15.typhoonn.臺風(fēng)

16.polen.柱，桿；極

17.hurricane颶風(fēng)

18.conferencen.會議,研討會;討論，商談

19.supplyn.補(bǔ)給，補(bǔ)給品；供應(yīng)；供應(yīng)量，儲備”.供應(yīng)，供給，提供

supplysb/sthwithsth=supplysthtosb/sth向某人/某物供應(yīng)/供給/提供某物

20.charityn.慈善機(jī)構(gòu)(或組織)；慈善，施舍；仁愛，寬容

21.staff全體職工;管理人員”在……工作,任職于

22.sliden.幻燈片；降低；滑行；山崩況滑行；逐漸陷入

slideinto…溜進(jìn)...

23.fundn.資金；基金

24.floodn.洪水，水災(zāi)；大審”.&山.淹沒，泛濫；大審涌入；充滿

floodinlo...涌入...

asenseofrelieffloodsoversb某人深感寬慰

25.downstairsa血在樓下,往樓下n.樓下

26.documentn.文件,公文；（計(jì)算機(jī)中的）文檔

27.honey般.（愛稱）親愛的;蜂蜜

28.olherwisea血否則,不然；除此以外

29.Romana/古羅馬的：羅馬的〃.古羅馬人；羅馬人

30.unearth”.使出土，挖掘,發(fā)掘；發(fā)現(xiàn)，找到

31.destinationn.目的地：終點(diǎn)

32.bar”.酒吧；小館子；吧臺；條,塊；欄桿；障礙”.封：阻擋；阻止

33.import”.進(jìn)口產(chǎn)品，輸入的產(chǎn)品；輸入”.進(jìn)口，引進(jìn)

34.exportn.出口產(chǎn)品，輸出的產(chǎn)品；出口，輸出3.出口，輸出

35.portn.港口，避風(fēng)港；港口城市

36.cloudcapped〃力高聳入云的，聳入云霄的

37.ashyM?.覆蓋著灰的;灰色的

38.dawnn.黎明，破曉；開端，萌芽山.開始；開始清楚

"atdawn在黎明時(shí)刻

?Itdawnedonsbthat…某人突然意識到

39.volcanon.火山

40.trunkn.樹干

41.beyonda而.在（或向）較遠(yuǎn)處，在另一邊p/中.在（或向）更遠(yuǎn)處；超出；晚于；無法；超出...

之外

42.patternz/.圖案，花樣；模式；范例；模型

43.columnn.柱，圓柱；柱狀物；欄：專欄；隊(duì)，歹U

44.rescuen.救援，營救，搶救

?etosb'srescue來救某人

-rescuesbfrom...從....中營救/援救某人

45.injure”傷害，使受傷;損害一injury".傷害一injured時(shí).受傷的

46.reactionn.反應(yīng)，回應(yīng)；抗拒；化學(xué)反應(yīng)reacl況.反應(yīng)

reactto...對...作出反應(yīng)

47.destructiveM’.引起破壞（或毀滅）的，破壞（或毀滅）性的一destroy破壞一destruction”.破

壞

48.powern.電，電力；權(quán)力；政權(quán)；控制力；能力；能量；力量-powerful,必?.強(qiáng)有力的;

強(qiáng)大的；有權(quán)勢的一powerless。的.無力的：無能的

inpower當(dāng)權(quán)

elo/intopower開始掌權(quán)；上臺

in/beyondone'spower在某人的能力范圍內(nèi)/超出某人的能力

49.erupt況.&8.（火山）爆發(fā);突然發(fā)生一eruption〃.爆發(fā)

50.unbearableadj.難耐的.無法忍受的-*bearableadj.可乂忍受的一bearvt.忍受

51.sharp。外靈敏的；鋒利的；急劇的；明顯的；尖銳的；強(qiáng)烈的一sharplya,岳.急劇地；鮮

明地fsharpenvi.&a（使）變得鋒利

52.locate”.找出...的準(zhǔn)確位置；把....安置在（或建造于）一location〃.地點(diǎn)；位置

belocatedon/at/in…位于...

53.retire況.&W.退休，退職;退出（房間、比賽等）一retirement〃.退休

54.atlarge整個(gè),全部

55.safeandsound安然無恙的

56.keepone'shead（在困境中）保持冷靜

57.taketheformof呈現(xiàn)...的形狀；采取....的形式

58.breakout突然開始，爆發(fā)

59.farandwide至lj處，各處

60.holdonto抓緊，不放開；（替別人或更長時(shí)間地）保存某物

61.indetail詳細(xì)地

62.aboveall最重要的是

63.Atthesametime.MissBrownquicklyopenedtheclassroomdoor,incaseitbecamedamaged

duringtheshakingandcouldnotopen.（incase引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句）

與此同時(shí)，布朗女士立刻打開教室門，以防門在震動中損壞打不開。

64.Themomenttheshakingstopped*MissBrownsenseditwasthebesttimefortheclassto

maketheirescape.（themoment引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，動詞不定式作定語）

晃動一停止，布朗女士立即意識到這是全班逃生的最好時(shí)機(jī)。

65.NEWDALE-On20December,aseriesofhugewavescausedbyanunderseaearthquake

racedacrosstheoceannearGoldshoreandleftthousandsdead.（leave+賓語+賓補(bǔ)）

紐代爾一12月20口，由海底地震引發(fā)的巨浪接連席卷了金海岸附近的海域，造成數(shù)T?人

死亡。

66.Dadwaslisteningtoaweatherreportontheradio,whileMumwasputtingtheirimportant

documentsanddisastersuppliesintoabag.（while連接并列分句，表對比）

爸爸在聽收音機(jī)里的天氣預(yù)報(bào)，而媽媽正在把他們重要的文件和災(zāi)難必需品放入一個(gè)包里。

67.Itsashyrocks,nowdark,nowlight,toldastoryofpasteruptionsthatmighthavewarnedthe

citywhatwastoe!（情態(tài)動詞+havedone）

火山巖忽明忽暗，講述著幾度噴發(fā)的往事，這本來可以警告這座城市里的人們，即將到來的

是什么！

疏遠(yuǎn)的

fromadistance（of）從遠(yuǎn)處

inthedistance在遠(yuǎn)處

atadistance（of）在...遠(yuǎn)的地方；距離稍遠(yuǎn)：離一段距離

keepsbatadistance=keepone,sdistancefromsb對某人冷淡，與某人疏遠(yuǎn)；與某人保籽一定

距離

9.runoutof（人）用完，耗盡;從……流出/跑出

?runout用完，耗盡（主語為物，無被動語態(tài)）

giveout用完；筋疲力盡；發(fā)出（主語為物，無被動語態(tài)）

useup用完，耗盡（“人”作主語，是及物動詞短語）

-runacross偶然遇到

runafter追逐;追求

runinto撞上；遇上，偶然遇到；碰上（困境、麻煩等）

lO.asif引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句

Itswallswerefreshasifpaintedyesterday；notasinglecolourchangedontherichpatternofits

floors.

它的墻壁依然新得像昨天剛剛刷完；地板上繁復(fù)的圖案，一點(diǎn)都沒有褪色。

?asif/though意為“似乎，好像”，在此處引導(dǎo)狀語從句，也可引導(dǎo)表語從句：引導(dǎo)狀語從句

時(shí)常用省略形式，后面可直接跟不定式、分詞、名詞、形容詞、介詞短語等。

?asif弓I導(dǎo)從句中的語氣和討態(tài)：

（1）陳述語氣（真實(shí)或極有可能發(fā)生）

〃虛擬現(xiàn)在：謂語動詞用一般過去時(shí)

（be動詞用w,re）

（2）虛擬語氣〈虛擬過去：謂語動詞用過去完成時(shí)

虛擬將來:謂語動詞用would/might/

<could/should+do”

1.我突然想到，這只熊可能會被我們的大蒜面包的氣味畋引，所以我把面包盡可能地向遠(yuǎn)處

扔去。（2020?浙江7月，讀后續(xù)寫）

ItoccurredWstruck/hitmethatthebearmightbeattractedbythesmellofourgarlicbread.So1

threwthebreadasfarasIcould.

2.令人驚訝的是，這個(gè)小女孩似乎理解了我的意思，也不再哭了。我望著她的大眼睛，松了

一口氣。（讀后續(xù)寫之動作描寫）

Surprisingly,thelittlegirlseemedtounderstandmeandstoppedcrying.Lookingintoherbigeyes,

Isighedin/withrelief.

3.我寫信是想邀請您參加我們的廣播節(jié)目“TalkandTalk”。讓我告訴您更多細(xì)節(jié)。

（2022?新課標(biāo)I,邀請信）

I'mwritingtoinviteyoutobeonourbroadcast“TalkandTalk”.Letmeinformyouo￡'about

moredetails.

4.①聽到他的話，?種強(qiáng)烈的興奮和自豪感涌上我的心頭，我只是震驚地站在那里，我的腳

就像扎根在地上一樣，一動也不能動。（2023.新課標(biāo)I,讀后續(xù)寫）

Alhiswords>anoverwhelmingsenseofexcitementandpridefloodingoverme,Isimplyslood

thereinshock,andmyfeet,asifrootedtotheground,couldn*tmoveaninch.

②看到廚房里的混亂，父親震驚得目瞪口呆。（2021.新課標(biāo)I,讀后續(xù)寫）

Seeingthegreatmessinthekitchen,ihefaiherwasnumbwilhshock.

5.父親一回到家，我就膽怯地低著頭，不敢看他的臉。（讀后續(xù)寫之心理描寫）

Themomentmyfatherarrivedhome,Ibowedmyheadtinrdlyandwasscaredtolook/wasscared

oflookingathisface.

6.雖然我失去了我的存錢耀，但把錢捐給需要幫助的人讓我非常高興。（讀后續(xù)寫之情感描

寫）

ThoughIlostmypiggybank,Iwasoverwhelmedwithhappinessbydonatingthemoneytothose

inneed.

7.①我對突如其來的安靜感到好奇，然后回到艾里斯的房間門口，往里看。（讀后續(xù)寫之動

作鏈描寫）

Iwascuriousaboutthesuddensilence,thenreturnedtothedoorofIris'sroomandlookedin.

②如果你想深入了解這種傳統(tǒng)的歷史，你一定不要錯過這個(gè)機(jī)會?。☉?yīng)用文寫作之邀請信）

Ifyouarecuriouslogaincdeepinsighlinlothehistoryofthetradition,youmusin'tmissthe

goldenopportunity!

8.讓我們非常高興的是，遠(yuǎn)處的水聲引起了我們的注意，把我們帶到了河邊。（讀后續(xù)寫之

場景描寫）

Muchtoourdelight,thesoundofwaterinthedistancecaughtourattentionanddroveustothe

riverbank.

9.大衛(wèi)的精力快要耗盡，但當(dāng)他聽到其他孩子的歡呼聲時(shí)，他竭盡全力沖向終點(diǎn)線。

（2022.新課標(biāo)I,讀后續(xù)寫）

David'senergywasrunniig/givingoutbutwhenheheardloudcheersfromtheotherkids,he

chargedtowardsthefinishlinewithallhisstrength.

10.我們討論了?會兒我的意見，我覺得他懷疑地看著我，好像在說這是多么蠢。

（2022?浙江I月,讀后續(xù)寫）

Wediscussedmyopinionforawhile,andIfelthewaseyeingmedoubtfullyasiftosayhowstupid

ilwas.

I.閱讀單詞（每小題1分，共8分）

1.county郡，縣

2.tsunami〃.海嘯

3.bubble泡沫，泡，氣泡

4.unearth3.使出上，挖掘，發(fā)掘；發(fā)現(xiàn)，找到

5.Romann辦古羅馬的：羅馬的〃.古羅馬人：羅馬人

6.cloudcaDDedad/'.高聳入云的，聳入云霄的

7.ashya力.覆蓋著灰的;灰色的

8?pole小柱，桿；極

H.重點(diǎn)單詞（每小題1.5分，共18分）

1.occur式.發(fā)生,出現(xiàn)；存在于

2.crashn.碰撞聲，破裂聲；碰撞；崩潰山.&”.碰撞，撞擊；崩潰

3.signalvi.&“.發(fā)信號,示意；標(biāo)志〃.信號，暗號；標(biāo)志；信號燈

4.charityH.慈善機(jī)構(gòu)（或組織）；慈善；施舍；仁愛；寬容

5.皿^".擁抱，摟抱；抱緊

6.confirm”.證實(shí),確認(rèn)；使確信：批準(zhǔn)

7.supplyn.補(bǔ)給，補(bǔ)給品；供應(yīng)；供應(yīng)審，儲備”供應(yīng)，供給，提供

8.floodn.洪水，水災(zāi)；大量況淹沒，泛濫；大量涌入；充滿

9.otherwiseadv.否則,不然；除此以外

1（）.destinationn.目的地：終點(diǎn)

11.rescuen.救援，營救，搶救

12.12迪”.找出……的準(zhǔn)確位置;把……安置在（或建造于）

HL拓展單詞（每小題1.5分，共12分）

1.reliefn.寬慰，輕松；減輕，消除；救濟(jì)一relieve”.減輕;緩和

2.scarevt.&況.驚嚇,害怕n.恐慌；驚嚇scaredadi.害怕的~scary”力.恐怖的,嚇人的

3.power??.電，電力；權(quán)力；政權(quán)；控制力；能力；能量；力量fpowerfuladj.強(qiáng)有力的；

強(qiáng)大的-*powerlessM?.無力的：無能的

4.destructivew//'.引起破壞（或毀滅）的,破壞（或毀滅）性的-*?destroy破壞一deslruction〃.破

壞

5.erupt如.&譏.（火山）爆發(fā)；突然發(fā)生feruption爆發(fā)

6.unbearableM’.難耐的，無法忍受的一bearable必'.可以忍受的fbearvi.忍受

7.sharpadj.靈敏的;鋒利的；急劇的；明顯的；尖銳的；強(qiáng)烈的一sharpi、。加.急劇地;鮮明

地fsharpenvi.&".（使）變得鋒利

8.relire況.&退休,退職；退出（房間、比賽等Lrelireineni退休

IV.核心短語（每小題2分，共12分）

1.atlarge整個(gè),全部

2.occurto被想到,浮現(xiàn)在腦中

3.farandwide到處，各處

4.holdonto抓緊，不放開；(替別人或更長時(shí)間地)保存某物

5.5detail詳細(xì)地

6.aboveall最重要的是

I.詞形變化填空(每小題2分，共14分)

1.Ourbossiseagerformoreinformation>sowemustkeephiminformedofvvhat,shappening

here.(inform)

2.Hewasshockedattheshockingnews,forIcouldseetheshockedlookonhisface.(shock)

3.Ididn,timagineheshouldhavereactedsostronglywhenhewasexposedtostress,andhis

reactionannoyedmostofus.(react)

4.Tomwasseriouslyinjuredinthetrafficaccidentyesterday?sohecan,tgoonwithhiswork

untilherecoversfromtheinjury.(injure)

5.Itisnormalforchildrentobecuriousabouteverything.Theywillaskmanyquestionscuriously

andweshouldanswer(hempatiently(omeet(heircuriosity.(curious)

6.ThoughthereisalongdistancebetweenTom'shomeandhisgrandparents',theydon'tfeel

distant.(distance)

7.Thebusinessmandonatedalolofmoneyto(heschool.Asaresultofthedonation,manystudents

returnedtoschool.(donate)

I【.選詞填空(每小題2分，共12分)

safeandsound,occurto,keepone'shcad,runoutof,taketheformof,breakout

1.Whenwefacedanger,whatweneedmostistokeepourhead.

2.Afirebrokeoutlastnighi,causinggreatdamagetothelibrarywithahistoiyofabout100years.

3.Ihadrunoulofallmypatienceand1begantoexplodewithanger.

4.Luckily,threedayslater,themissingboyreturnedhome,safeandsound.

5.Thiskindoffloweriscalledsunflower,becauseittakesthefomiofthesunwhenitblossoms.

6.AgoodideaoccurredtoJohnthathecouldmakepopccrnandsellthemtohelpBernardearn

money.

川.經(jīng)典句型仿寫(每小題3分，共9分)

1.小男孩一看到母親，就不再哭了，突然大笑起來。(themoment引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句)

ThemomenlIhelittleboysawhismother,hestoppedcryingandburstintolaughter.

2.如果你提前復(fù)習(xí)功課，你就會通過考試了。(情態(tài)動詞+havedone)

Hadyoureviewedyourlessonsaheadoftime,youmighthavepassed〔heexam.

3.看著遠(yuǎn)處的海岸，我感到無能為力，就好像我們是被巨浪蹂蹈的小船。(asif引導(dǎo)方式狀

語從句)

Watching(heshorein(hedistance,Ifeltpowerlessasifweweretinyboatsat(hemercyofstrong

waves.

M語法填空文中加黑詞匯為本單元詞匯(每小題1.5分，共15分)

Acounty1,locatcd(locate)atthefootofahighmountainhasbeautifulsccncry.Soitisthe

destinationofmanyvisitorseveryyear.Unfbrtunately,onedayanearthquakebrokeoutthere,

2.whichwasoneofthemostdestructivenaturaldisasters.ltwasnaturalthatapersoncouldn't

keephisheadwhenaterribledisaster3.occurred(occur),nottomentionthechildren.Somecried,

scaredandevenbecamenumb.Othershuggedeachothertightlv.4.Luckily(luckv),onlyasmall

numberofpeoplewerebadly5.injured(iniure)?andmostsufferedslightinjuries.Everywhere

peoplelooked,therewasnothing6.butruins.Theywere7.inshock.Soonafterthequake,(herescue

teamarrived.After8,confirnung(confirm)thatmostpeopleweresafeandsound,theleadersmiled

with9.rclicf(relieve).Somecharitiesimmediatelysuppliedthecountywithfood,sheltersand

funds；manyindividualsalsobegantodonatesomefoodandclothestothevictims(hemoment

theyIO.wereinfbnned(inform)ofthenews.

■一詞多義

1.sharp

A/W急劇的；明顯的B.M/.靈敏的?.鋒利的D.a而整點(diǎn)地E.M/.急轉(zhuǎn)的

(l)ItwasnotuntilthemomentshegotcloserthatIsawiheraspberriesheldinhersharpmouth.

C

(2)Challengingworkmighthelpyourbrainstaysharpasyouage.(2020?浙江7月改編)B

(3)Recentlytherehasbeenasharpdeclineininterestingardeningthroughoutthetown.A

(4)1wasapproachingafairlysharpbendthatsweptdownhilltotheleft.E

(5)Sheplannedtounlocktheshopat8：00sharpthenextmorning.D

2.flood

A.〃.洪水，水災(zāi)B.〃.大批，大量C.w.淹沒D0..大量涌入E.a涌上心頭

(1)TheytalktothefloodofinternationaltouristsandtovisitingChinesezookeeperswhoofteneto

checkonthepandas,whichareonloanfromChina.(2O23?新課標(biāo)II)B

(2)1felthappinessandrelieffloodingovermeaftermysoncamehomefromthefront.E

(3)Afloodhadhittheareaearlierthatyearandthedamageitcausedhaddrivenawayanumberof

birds.A

(4)Thcvillagerswerefrightenedtosecthattheriverwouldburstitsbankandfloodtheirvillage.

C

(5)AskthetourisisfromaroundtheworldthatfloodintoYellowstoneNationalParkwhaitheymost

hopetosee,andtheiranswerisoftenthesame：agrizzlybear.（2023-全國甲）D

■I熟詞生義

1.Theonlywaytopayforthegrocerieswastotakeoffthethingsshecoulddowithout:abottleof

rubbingalcohol（醫(yī)用酒精）andabarofsoap.（202l?浙江6月）條，塊

2.Thegovernmentdemandedthatthereliefshouldbesenttothefloodvictimsassoonas

possible.”.救濟(jì)物

假如你是李華，在得知某地發(fā)生地震后，作為你校的學(xué)生會主席，你決定給災(zāi)區(qū)的中學(xué)

生寫一封慰問信，主要內(nèi)容包括：

1.表達(dá)安慰；

2.救援隊(duì)已到達(dá)并進(jìn)行援助；

3.表達(dá)希望和對其重建家園的信心。

【完成句子】

1.我是學(xué)生會主席李華。得知你們的家鄉(xiāng)意外地發(fā)生了一場可怕的地震，我感到非常遺憾。

（breakout,同位語）

2.我很想借此機(jī)會向那些在地震中遭受巨大苦難的人們表達(dá)我最深切的同情和關(guān)心。

（curious,定語從句）

3.得知救援隊(duì)已經(jīng)趕到你們的家鄉(xiāng)伸出援助之手，我感到寬慰。（relieve,現(xiàn)在分詞短語作

狀語）

4.他們冒著生命危險(xiǎn)營救被困在廢墟的人們，完全把他們的安全地在身后，這值得我們尊重

和欽佩。（rescue,現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語，非限制性定語從句）

5.此外，在政府和全國各地人民的幫助下，我們沒有必要感到害怕。（scare）

6.雖然你們深受地震的影響，但我堅(jiān)信一切都會好起來的，災(zāi)區(qū)很快就會有序更蘇。（orderly,

讓步狀語從句）

【組句成篇】把以上句子用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^渡詞語和過渡句組成一篇80詞左右的短文。

【參考范文】

Dearfriends,

I'mLiHua,chairmanoftheStudents'Council.I'mdeeplysorrytohearthenewsthata

horribleearthquakeunexpectedlybrokeoutinyourhometown.

I'mcurioustotakethisopportunitytosendmydeepestsympathyandconcerntothepeople

whosufferedgreatlyintheearthquake.Learningthatrescueteamshaverushedtoyouihometown

tolendahelpinghand,Ifeelrelieved.Theyhaveriskedtheirlivestorescuepeopletrappedin

ruins,totallyleavingtheirsafetybehind,whichdeservesourrespectandadmiration.What,s

more,withtheaidofthegovernmentandpeopleacrossthecountry,thereisnoneedforustobe

scared.

Thoughyouaredeeplyaffectedbytheearthquake?I'mfullyconvincedthateverythingwill

befine,andthatthestrickenareawillrecoverinanorderlywaysoon.

Yours>

LiHua

教材語料整合

［情感描寫］odda3.奇怪的，怪異的；偶爾的；不成對的relief/?.寬慰，輕

松；減輕，消除；救濟(jì)

shockn.震驚,驚愕；劇烈震動以使震驚;使氣憤scare".&況.驚嚇,害怕

兒恐慌；驚嚇

亮詞

curious4的'.好奇的；奇特的

［動作描寫］crashn.碰撞聲，破裂聲；碰撞；崩潰。上碰撞，撞擊；崩潰

confirm證實(shí)，確認(rèn)；使確信;批準(zhǔn)occurto被想到，浮現(xiàn)在腦中keepone*s

head（在困境中）保持冷靜inform”.了解，熟悉：通知

l.Hcrstudents*reactionwasquickandcorrect—theymovedundertheirdesks,

美句headfirst,andheldontothelegsofthedesks.（動作描寫）

2T.herewereloudcrashesofglassbreakingandthingsfallingtotheground,butthe

studentsremainedstillandwaitedcalmlyandquietly.（環(huán)境描寫）

3.Shesignalledtoherstudentstoexittheclassroominanorderlylinecoveringtheir

headswiththeirhands.（動作描寫）

4.Withinoneminuteandtwentyseconds,thewholeclasswentdownthestairsand

rushedtotheplayground.（動作描寫）

5.Peoplewerewalking,runningorsimplysittingonthesandybeach?enjoyingthe

wannseaairandthesoftwindthatbrushedtheirhair.（動作描寫）

拓展語料積累【情感細(xì)節(jié)描寫：恐懼與絕望】

Lshoutv.大聲喊叫

2.screamo.驚聲尖叫

3.strugglev.掙扎；奮斗；艱難行進(jìn)

單詞4.hopelessa”不抱希望的；無望的一hopelesslya加.絕望地；無望地

5.threatn.威脅-*threateno.威脅；脅迫

6.despairn.絕望

7.desperate4的.絕望的—desperalionn.絕望

1.indespair/desperation絕望地

2.faliintodcspair=sinkintohopelessness陷入絕望

3.giveupallhope絕望

4.sbbethrownintoaworldofdarkness某人被扔進(jìn)黑暗的世界

5.sbsinkintohopclessness/despair某人陷入絕望

詞塊6.abandononeselftodespair/fallintodespair陷入絕望

7.weepbittertearsofdespair/desperation抹著絕望的眼淚

8.throwsbinlowspirits使某人陷入情緒低迷狀態(tài)

9.bcseizedwithoverwhelmingdespair極度絕望

lO.lift/glueone'seyestosbwithdisappointment失望地對某人抬起眼睛/盯著

某人

1.Insuchcircumstances,tearsofhorroranddespairmixedwithrainstreamed

downmyface.

在這種情況下，恐懼和絕望的淚水夾雜著雨水順著我的臉流了下來。（無靈主

語句）

句型

2.1feltmorefrightenedandsenseddeathwaswaitingforme.我感到更加害怕，

感覺到死亡在等著我。

3.Astimewentby,thefaiththatIcouldmakeitalivefadedgradually.

隨著時(shí)間的推移，我能活著的信念逐漸消退，

4.Despair/Desperationwaswrittenalloverhispaleface.他蒼白的臉上寫滿了

絕望。（無靈主語句）

5.Asenseofdespairswallowed/seized/tookholdofhimpletelyj也完全被絕望

吞沒了。（無靈主語句）

6.Hisheartwastornwithdespair.他絕望到心都要碎了。

7.Asaresultofanaccident,Tonywassuddenlythrownintoaworldof

darknessandsankintohopelessness.

由于事故，托尼突然被扔進(jìn)黑暗之中，陷入絕望。

語料運(yùn)用【自然災(zāi)害】

Never①have【experiencedsuchahopelessmomentinmylife.Iwasdrivinghomewhenit

rainedcatsanddogs.Stuckintheheavyrain,Istruggledtomakemywaybutinvain,?tearsof

horroranddespairmixedwilhrainstreamingdownmyface（獨(dú)立主格）.What'sworse，mycar

begantoshakeincreasinglywildly.Ifeltmorefrightenedandsenseddeathwaswaitingforme（擬

人）.④Thrownin【oaworldofdarknessandsinkingintohoDclcssncss（分詞短語作狀語），Iyelled

atthetopofmylungbutnoonecouldhear.Iwasabout（ogiveup?whenmyhusbandJoecameto

myrescue.Heapproachedmeandopenedthedoor,helpingmegetoutof（hecar.Afterconfirming

thesafety,wc⑥inchedfbrwardinthemuddywaterandeventuallymadeithomesafeand

sound.⑦OnlythendidIgetridofmyterror（倒裝句）.Joegatheredmeintohisarmsandkept

pattingmeontheback,foilingmegently.

我一生中從未經(jīng)歷過如此絕望的口寸刻。我正開車回實(shí)，突然下起了傾盆大雨。我被困在

大雨中，掙扎著前進(jìn)，但沒有成功，恐懼和絕望的淚水又雜著雨水從我的臉上流下來。更糟

糕的是，我的車開始越來越劇烈地?fù)u晃。我感到更害怕，感覺到死亡在等著我。我被扔進(jìn)了

一個(gè)黑暗的世界，陷入了絕望，我扯著嗓子大喊，但沒有人能聽到。我正打算放棄時(shí)，我丈

夫喬來救了我。他走近我，打開車門，幫我下了車。確認(rèn)安全后，我們在泥濘的水中慢慢前

進(jìn)，最終平安到家。直到那時(shí)，我才擺脫了恐懼。喬把我抱在懷里，不停地拍我的背，溫柔

地安慰我。

高考題型組合練（1）

I.閱讀理解

A

（2024?江蘇無錫期末）

Extremeheatoftenbringsextremewildfires,andthisyearisnoexception,withunprecedented

heatwavesfuelingenormousoutbreaksoffiresinthewesternUnitedStatesandCanada,aswellas

acrosstheMediterraneanandinSibcria.Butparadoxically,themostintensewildfirescanhavethe

oppositeeffectontemperatures?coolingEarth'ssurfacebothregionallyandglobally.

Thickwildfiresmokecantemporarilyblocksunlightnear(heground?causingregional

temperaturestodropbyseveraldegrees.Wildfiresmokecanalsohaveglobalcoolingeffectsby

makingcloudsintheloweratmospheremorereflectiveorblockingsunlightintheupper

atmosphere,similartowhatavolcaniceruptiondoes.

Theeffectisfartoosmalltocounteracthumancausedglobalwarming;researcherssayil's

tooearlytopredictwhatitmeansforthebroaderclimatesystem.Butwithfireseasonsgrowing

moreintensearoundtheworldandtriggeringarangeofextremefireweatherinNorthAmericaand

elsewhere,thesearchforanswersisgrowingincreasinglyurgent.

Smokeparticlesactasseedsforwatervaportoformcloudsthataresmallerandreflectmore

sunlight.Whilesmoketendstorainoutofcloudsfairlyquickly,theAustralianbushfiresragedfor

months,pumpingmoreandmorecloudbrighteningsmokeintotheatmosphere."It'snotabig

effect,butwhenyouintegrateovertheentireSouthernOcean,itaddsup,"oneoftheresearchers

says.

Whilethisresearchhighlightsthecoolingeffectsofsmokeintheloweratmosphere,on

occasion,wildfiresmokecanreachevenhigheraltitudesintothestratosphere,(helayerthatstarts

about10milesup.There,itcanhaveadditionaleffectsontheclimate.Smokereachesthe

stratospherewhenheatfromapowerfulwildfirecreatesanupdraftthatbineswithmoistureinthe

atmospheretogeneratetoweringthunderclouds.

However,scientistshaveonlyrecentlybegunstudyingtheseeffects."Wemightstillbeinthe

infancyofunderstandinghowlargeandhowimportanttheeffectsofthesewildfiresare,“

scientistssay.

語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。野火煙霧可以通過反射或阻擋陽光進(jìn)而產(chǎn)生全球冷卻效應(yīng)，

但關(guān)于野火對氣候的影響，研究尚不充分，需要進(jìn)一步深入研究。

1.WhatprobablycausesextremewildfirestocooltheEarthglobally?

A.Extremewildfirescanresultinvolcaniceruption.

B.Wildfiresmokecoverssunlightabovethegroundforever.

C.Thesmokeblockslesssunlightinthehigheratmosphere.

D.Thecloudsintheloweratmospherereflectmoresunlight.

答案D

解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段末句"Wildfiresmokecanalsohaveglobalcoolingeffectsby

makingcloudsintheloweratmospheremorereflectiveorblockingsunlightintheupper

atmosphere..."可知，野火煙霧使低層大氣中的云層反射更多的陽光，從而使全球降溫。故選

Do

2.WhaidoesCheunderlinedword“raged“probablymeaninparagraph4?

A.Spread.B.Stopped.

C.Released.D.Strengthened.

答案A

解析詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段第二句uWhilesmoketendsto...,theAustralianbushfiresraged

formonths,pumpingmoreandmorecloudbrighteningsmokeintotheatmosphere.n可知，澳大

利亞的森林大火向大氣中排放了越來越多的煙霧，故可推知，大火蔓延了好幾個(gè)月，所以畫

線詞raged意為“蔓延”。故選A。

3.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?

A.Scientistsneedfurtherstudiesoftheeffectsofwildfires.

B.Extremewildfiresaretheconsequenceofglobalwarming.

C.WildfiresmokemeansalottotheclimatesystemoftheEarth.

D.SmokeathigheraltitudeshasthemostimpactoncoolingEarth.

答案A

解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)末段44However,scientistshaveonlyrecentlybegunstudyingthese

effects.tWemightstillbeintheinfancyofunderstanding....'scientistssay."可知，科學(xué)家們

對野火的影響的研究還處于初級階段，還需要進(jìn)一步深入。故選A。

4.Wheredoesihetextprobablyefrom?

A.Asciencefiction.

B.Aresearchreport.

C.Ageographytextbook.

D.Asciencemagazine.

答案D

解析文章出處題。通讀全文，尤其根據(jù)末段首句“However,scientistshaveonlyrecently

begunstudyingtheseeffects.n可推知，本文可能摘自科學(xué)雜志。故選D。

B

SomeofthemostattractivepicturestoeoutoftheAlaskaearthquakearethephotosthatshow

slope（斜坡）failures,inwhichpartsofformerlysolidhillscavedin,toreorletloose.Andifthere

happenedtobearoadorbuildingontopoftheslopesthatfailed,theresultwashorrible.

Slopescanfailwithoutearthquakes>astheresultofpouringrainorweathering.Butthe

shakingcausedbyaquake—particularlyalargeonelikewhatoccurrednearAnchorageon

Friday—caneitherspeeduptheprocessorcreateentirelynewfailuresthatwouldn*thave

otherwisehappened.

SeveralslopefailuresweredocumentedintheAnchorageareainthehoursafterthe

earthquakeFriday,themostinterestingofwhichwasonVineRoadsouthwestofWasilla.It?sasif

someonecamealongwithalargedestroyingballanddroppeditonVineRoad,whichwrinkledlike

abrokenegg.

Scientistsseemedsurpriseda（howmanyslopefailuresoccurredasaresultofthe

7.0magni（ude（震級）quake.Thecenterofthequakewasdeep,al27milesbelowthesurface-akey

reasonwhythedamageinAnchoragewasrelativelylight.Suchanearthquakewouldbeexpectedto

produceshakingoveralargearea?butprobablywithreasonablymodestlopgroundaccelerations,

Friday'searthquakewouldcertainlybefell,butthesurfaceofEarthwouldn'tbemovingbadly

enoughtoproducewidespreadlandslides.

PhotosfromAlaskashowalotoflateral（橫向的）spread,inwhichthegroundtears

open.Whateverisontopofthegroundattheplaceittearsinhalfisalsotorninhalfafterwards,like

highwaysorbuildings.Thebuildingssurroundingthespreadarealsoalriskofdamagebecauseof

theforceofthegroundspreadingoutawayfromthetear.There567B.salsodocumentationofblock

spread,inwhichpartofthegroundbreaksoffahillandslidesawaymostlyperfect.

語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。文章通過照片描述的阿拉斯加地震后的景象，介紹了地震對

山體滑坡所造成的影響。

5.Whatdoweknowaboutslopefailures?

A.Theymaycauseearthquakes.

B.Theyusuallyhappenwitharoadontop.

C.Theyalwayshappenwithearthquakes.

D.Theymaypullpartsoftlichillsapart.

答案D

解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句"Someofthemostattractivepicturestoeoutofthe

Alaskaearthquakearethephotosthatshowslope（斜坡）failures,inwhichpartsofformerlysolid

hillscavedin,toreorletloose.v可知，山體滑坡會造成山體分開。故選D。

6.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph2?

A.Earthquakeshavegreateffectsonslopefailures.

B.Mostslopefailuresoccurafterthepouringrain.

C.Earthquakesresultinslopefailuresimmediately.

D.Slopefailuresoccurmainlywithlargeearthquakes.

答案A

解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Buttheshakingcausedbyaquake...speeduptheprocessor

createentirelynewfailuresthatwouldn'thaveotherwisehappened.v可知，地震會加速山體滑

坡的發(fā)生或造成原本不會發(fā)生的山體滑坡，由此推斷出地震對山體滑坡有巨大的影響。故選

A。

7.WhatdidthescientiststhinkoftheAlaskaearthquakeFriday?

A.Itproducedshakingoveralargearea.

B.Itcausedfewerslopefailuresthanexpected.

C.Itwasn'tfeltforitsdeepcenter.

D.Itdidn'tproducelandslides.

答案B

解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段uScientistsseemedsurprisedathowmanyslopefailures

occurred...FridayTsearthquakewouldcertainlyb