選修八

Unit1Alandofdiversity

單元要點(diǎn)預(yù)覽（旨在讓同學(xué)整體了解本單元要點(diǎn)）

詞語1.means/way/method2.percentIpercentage

辨析3.obvious/apparent/evident/clear4.hire/employ/rent

1.electvt.選舉,推舉：選electionn.選舉，推舉，electiveadj.可任意選

擇vi.進(jìn)行選舉，作出選擇當(dāng)選擇的n.選修科目

2.immigratevi.移入immigrationn.移民人immigrantn.移民,僑民

境

詞形

3.racen.賽跑;競爭；人種racialadj.人種的，種racismn.種族歧視，種

變化

V.參賽族的族偏見：種族主義

4.apparentadj.顯然的，明apparentlyadv.顯然，

白的，表面上的表面上地

詞5.punishmentn.罰，刑罰punishvt.懲罰，處罰

匯1.majorityn.大多數(shù)：大半

部2.applicant〃.申請人

分重點(diǎn)3.occurvi.發(fā)生：出現(xiàn)：存在

單詞4.indicatevt.指出;標(biāo)示;表明

5.slipvi.滑動：滑行：滑跤滑倒：小過失：失誤

6.insert插入，嵌入

1.liveon繼續(xù)生活或存在

2.makealife習(xí)慣于新的生活方式、工作等

3.keep叩堅(jiān)持：維持：沿襲古老的風(fēng)俗、傳統(tǒng)等：使某人不能去唾覺

重點(diǎn)

4.teamupwith（與某人）一-起工作（尤指為一共同目標(biāo)）；合作

詞組

5.markoui劃線標(biāo)出界線

6.takein包括：吸收：接納：欺騙

7.agreat/goodmany相當(dāng)多,很多

1.CaliforniaisthethirdlargeststateintheUSAbuthasthelargestpopulation.

重點(diǎn)句子2.ExactlywhenthefirstpeoplearrivedinwhatwenowknowasCalifornia,no

onereallyknows.

重點(diǎn)語法名詞性從句（見語法部分）

Period1單詞

一.重點(diǎn)單詞

1._____________adj.清晰的；明顯的；明確的一___________n.差別；區(qū)分；卓越

2._________n.手段；方法一_________v.意思是:打算；意味著一___________n.

意思;意義一____________adj.有意義的一____________adj.無意義的

3.____________n.大多數(shù)；大半一_________adj.主要的；最重要的一

_n.少數(shù)；少數(shù)民族

4._________一n.百分比：百分率一__________一n.百分之幾

5._____________vi.移入（外國定居）f___________n.移民；移居入境

6._____________adj.人種的；種族的一____________n.種族；比賽

7.___________n.申請人一____________v.申請；應(yīng)用f―_______n.申請；應(yīng)用

8.___________n.社會主義者；社會黨人一___________adj.社會主義者的一

_n.社會主義f____________n.社會

9.___________vi.發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)________________n,發(fā)生;出現(xiàn)

10.__________vt.指出；表明；標(biāo)示；暗示一___________n.指不；表明；指不物

11.__________adj.顯而易見的；顯然的；表面上的—______adv.顯然地；顯

而易見地

二.重點(diǎn)短語

1.人口是…….

2.通過；借助

3.大多數(shù)的

4.定居

5.部分的

6.使人想起

7.把……與……混合

8.出租

9.與人合作

10.__________________許多

11.________________包括；吸入

12.__________________根要；感覺像

13._________________申請

14.___________________堅(jiān)持

15.___________________謀生

三,單詞拼寫

1.Itisdangeroustocrossthe__________（海峽）insuchbadweather.

2.TheMofTransportmadeasearchingenquirytodiscoverthecauseofthe

planecrash.

3.IntheUnitedStates,fiftyindividualstatesareunitedunderthef

government.

4.Thepofschoolleaversthatgotouniversityisaboutfivepercentage.

5.Therearemorestrictcontrolson（移民）intothiscountrythanbefore

becauseoftheeconomiccrisis.

6.Thepolarbear'shabitatistheicywatersoftheA.

7.Itisreportedthattheairlinehasordered15newa.

8.Itis（明顯）toallofusthatheischeating.

9.Moreandmore（申請者）arefromoverseasuniversity.

10.LabourPartywonthe（大多數(shù)）intheelection.

四.選詞填空

keepup;inaddition;gainone'sindependencefrom;hymeansof;

makealife;in（hemajority;liveon;declarewaron;belikelyto;

beehometo

1.Thosewhofavortheproposalare.

2.Howmuchdoesitcosttoyourlargehouseandgarden?

3.Thethiefbrokeintothehousealadder.

4.Farmersinthisvillagemainlybygrowingcrops.

5.Thereis,,onefurtherpointtomake.

6.Inmorerecentdecades,thebigcityhasmorepeoplefromthe

countryside.

7.Thoughthewriter'slifewascutshortbytheterribledisease,hisworkswill

afterhim.

8.MostAsiancountriesJapanduringWorldWarIIand

finallythewonthewar.

9.Ifyouhurryup,Ithinkyoucatchtheflight.

1().IndiaiheUKin1946.

五.單項(xiàng)選擇

1.Someresearcherspointoutthatdaydreamingismeansof

relaxation.

A.the;aB.不填；theC.a;theD.不填；a

2.Hedidn'twhalIsaidbecausehismindwasonsomethingelse.

A.holdonB.catchonC.takeinD.getover

3.Environmentalgroupsintendtothepressureuntilthegovernment

changesthelaw.

A.keepupB.makeupC.pickupD.bringup

4.Aftersufferingaheartattack,MichaelJacksonwaspronounceddead,a

tragicendtotheworld'smostpopularentertainer.

A.markingB.tomarkC.markedD.havingmarked

5.Maybeyouhavebeentomanyfamousrestaurants,hutnowhereelseon

suchniceducks.

A.youcanfeastB.canyoutasteC.youcantasteD.canyoufeast

6.Allovertheworldthereseemspeopleoutofworknowadays.

A.tohaveagreatmanyB.tobeagreatmany

C.tohaveagreatmanyofD.tobeagoodmanyof

7.Look!Therearegrazingoverthere.

A.twocattlesB.twoheadofcattlesC.twocattleD.twoheadsofcattle

8.—Soyoumissedthemeeting.

—.1gottherefiveminutesbeforeitfinished.

A.NotatailB.NotexactlyC.NotespeciallyD.Notreally

9.ofchildreninourclasshavebrowneyes;onlythreehaveblueeyes.

A.NoneB.ThemostC.ThemajorityD.Every

10.Theirgriefturnedtocrazylaughterinaminute.

A.apparentB.crazyC.stableD.invaluable

Eeriod2—reading

一.Task1fastreadingQuicklyreadthetextandfindtherightanswer.

1.What'sthetopicofthistext?

A.thecultureofCaliforniaB.thehistoryofCalifornia

C.theweatherofCaliforniaD.theclimateofCalifornia

2.Howmanykindsofpeoplesaretalkedinthetext?

A.3B.4C.5D.6

二.Task2skimmingDividethetextintothreepartsandmatchthemainidea.

Part1(paragraph)thefutureofCalifornia

Part2(paragraph)briefintroductiontoCalifornia

Part3(paragraph)thehistoryaboutpeoplefromdifferentcountries

movedtoCalifornia

三.Task3scanningChoosethebestanswer.

1.WhyistherestrongSpanishinfluenceinCalifornia?

A.BecausethereweremanySpanishstayinginCalifornia.

B.BecauseSpanishwasoneofthesettlerslivingthere.

C.BecausethelocalpeoplelovedSpanishculture.

D.BecauseCaliforniawasonceruledbySpan.

2.WhowerethefirsttoarriveinCaliforniatorushforgold?

A.theSpanishB.Russians

C.SouthAmericansandpeoplefromtheUnitedStates.D.Chinese

3.WhendidthelargenumberofChineseimmigratetoCalifornia?

A.inthe1800sB.inthe1860s.C.inthe1920s.D.inthe1980s

4.WhatattractedpeoplefromdifferentpartsoftheworldtoimmigratetoCalifornia?

A.lifestyleB.climateC.historyD.bothAandB

5.Fromthepassagewecaninferthat

A.betweenthelate19thcenturyandtheearly20thcenturyItalianandDanish

immigrantscametoCaliforniatomakewine.

B.bythe1920smanyJewishpeoplecametoCaliforniabecausetheywereattracted

bythefilmindustry.

C.MexicanpeoplecametoCaliforniatoworkintheshipandaircraftindustries.

D.therewillbemoreracialorculturalgroupsinCaliforniabecausemorepeopleare

stillinghere.

四.Task4post-readingpletethemainideaofthetext

ThetextmainlyintroducesofCalifornia.Itdescribesthegreat

historyeventshappenedinvarioustimes.Ilalsotellsus,howand

differentpeoplefromallovertheworldhavingbeenimmigratingtoCalifornia.These

immigrantsinclude,TheSpanish,Russians,GoldMiners,LaterArrivals

and.Italsoexplainstouswhyitwillbeasimple

multiculturalinthe21stcentury.

五.Task5extrareading

A

TherearehundredsofTVchannelsintheUnitedStates.Americansgetalotof

entertainmentandinformationfromTV.Mostpeopleprobablywatchitfor

entertainmentonly.Forsomepeople,however,TViswheretheygetthenewsofthe

day.ButsonicnewTVprogramsorshowsputentertainmentandnewstogether.

ThisnewkindofprogramintheUnitedStatesiscalled“infbrmalion”,which

meansinformation(info-)andentertainment(-tainment).Thesekindsofprogramsuse

actorstoactoutnewsstories,makingthenewsofthedaymoreinterestingand

excitingtopeople.Theshov/salsousespecialeffects.

Anexampleofinfotainmentistheshow“America'sMostWanted”.Theproducers

ofthisprogramgetstoriesfromrealcasesthatthepolicehavedealtwith.Inmostof

thesecases,thepoliceneverfoundthepersonwhomiltedthecrime(犯罪).

Sometimestheycaughtthecriminal,butheorsheranawayagain.Theyuseactorsto

playthepartsofallthepeoplein(hecase.Attheendofthestory,however,they

alwaysshow“mugshots”,orpolicephotographs,oftherealcriminals.

1.Thepurposeofthefirstparagraphistointroduce.

A.newsprogramsB."infbrmation''

C.TVchannelsD.entertainmentprograms

2.OneimportantdifferencebetweenaninfotainmentandordinaryTVnewsprogram

isthatit.

A.reportsnewsfromwhereithappensB.showsthephotosofrealcriminals

C.useactorstoplaytheroleD.announcesnewsfbrthepolice

3.WecaninferfromthetextthattheproducersofAmerica'sMostWanted”.

A.alsoworkaspoliceofficersB.hopetogelmoneyfromthepolice

C.hopetheprogramwillhelpthepolicecatchthecriminals

D.oftenfinditdifficulttopersuadepeopletoactascriminals

4.Intheprogramtitle"America'sMostWanted^^(line1,para3),“mostwanted^^

probablyrefersto.

A.criminalsB.producersC.policeD.actors

5.Thebesttitleforthetextwouldbe.

A.ANewTypeofTVProgramB.TVProgramforthePolice

C.America'sMostWantedD.EntertainmentbeforeInformation

B

Thepeoplebelowallwanttogoonashorttripandtherearedescriptionsofsixtrips

whichaferrypanyisoffering.

1.Rayandthreeofhisfriendswouldliketospendawholeweekenddrivingaroundin

nicesceneryandenjoyingsomelocalfood.

2.PhilandAdamwanttogoonafbrtabletripwhichtakesthemquicklytoan

interestingcity.Thentheywanttoenjoyalleasttwodaysofsightseeing.

3.Mike,Kathyandtheirthreechildrendon'thavemuchmoney,buttheywanta

specialdayoutthisSaturday.Theymustbebackhomeby9p.m.

4.KirstenisaDutchstudentwhoisstudyinginScotland.Shedoesn'tdrive,butwants

adaytriptoseesomebeautifulsceneryandspendalittletimebythesea.

5.ClareandRobertwanttoenjoysomegoodfood,butwouldalsoliketogivetheir

twoyoungchildrenadaytoremember.Theydon'tmindiftheyspendalotof

money.

AB

MarineLife,FranceAmsterdamer

ThechancetoexperiencetheoceansoftheSailoutintheeveningandenjoyover12

world.Childrenwilllovetheobservatory,hoursintheNetherlands,returningthe

withwaterallaroundthemandbigfishfollowingnight.AfteragoodDutch

swimmingabovetheirheads!Afterwardsbreakfastyoutravelbytraindirecttothe

youeatataworld-famouslocalrestaurantheartofthewonderfulcityofAmsterdam,

beforeboardingtheferryat9p.m.Thesightseeingandplacestoshopwill

Notcheap,butagreatdayout!makethisadaytoremember.Weekends

only.

CD

IrelandbyCarFrenchHypermarketDayTrip

OnceyouarriveinIrelandyou'requicklyWhetheryouwanttobuyorjustlook,

onbeautifulcountryroads,withfriendlyyou511lovethistour.ThelargeDarney

villageswhereyoucanstopforadeliciousshoppingcenterisashopper'sdrcam!You

bitetoeat.Thespecialpriceallowsyoutowillfindagreatnumberoflocalgoodson

takeyourcaranduptofivepeopleawayforsale,andclothesandkitchengoodsare

48hours,andtwonights'hotelac-excellentvalue.Freechildren's

modationcanbearrangedforalittleextra,entertainmentallday.Leaves10:00,backat

19:00.

EF

BelgiumbyHydrofoilSeaandMountainsin

Afour-daytrip.FromEnglandyoucrosstoNorthernIreland

Belgiuminjust100minutesbyhydrofoil!ExploretheNorthernIrelandcountryside,

YouareservedfoodanddrinksduringtheincludingtheamazingMountainsof

crossing,thencontinueyourjourneytoMourncandthesmallseasideholidaytown

Brussels,oranotherbeautifulcity,ontheofNewcastle.Theyferryleavestheportin

fastBelgianrailwaynetwork.Scotlandat7:30andarrivesbackat22:20.

TransportinNorthernIrelandisby

air-conditionedcoach.

Period3—languagepoints

一、重點(diǎn)詞匯

1.populationun/cn.人口

l)ThepopulationofChinalarge.And70%ofthepopulationofChina

peasants.

注意：表示整體人口時謂語動詞用單數(shù)，表示部分人口時謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。而形

容人口的多少通常用large/small.。對人口的多少進(jìn)行疑問時，可用What'sthe

populationof,,,.?

2)廣東有多少人口？____________________________________________________

haveapopulationof有多少J、口:Chinahasapopulationof1.3billion.

anincrease/growthinpopulation人口增力口

2.multiculturaladj.

multi-多、多方面、多方向的

multi-coloured多色的

multi-racial多種族的

multi-cultural多文化的

multi-media多媒體(n.)

1)TheUSAisacountry.Inotherwords,TheUSAisacountryof

(culture).

3.bymeansof...=byusing...用...辦法，借助

1)Hecrossedtheriverbymeansofaraft.

2)Wcexpressourfeelingsbymeansofwords.

means單復(fù)數(shù)同形

bythismeans用這種方法=withthismethod=inthisway

bynomeans決不，一點(diǎn)也不

1)A11possiblemeansbeentried,(have)

2)Thequickestmeansoftravelbyplane.(be)

3)It'snothingunusualtoexperiencefailure,andbynomeanslose

heart.(我們絕不灰心喪氣)

4.inaddition:=bcsides此夕卜，再者=what'smore;furthermore;moreover;

inadditionto..除…外

Youneedtimeandmoney.Inaddition,youneeddiligence.

我打算進(jìn)城看望我的老師，此外還要買點(diǎn)東西.

用inaddition和inadditionto填空:

1)1amgoingtovisitmyteacher.,Ineedtobuysomearticlesofdailyuse.

2)cakesandcandies,guestswereprovidedwithfruits.

5.majorityn.大多數(shù)...反義詞：minority少數(shù)的

注意：majority單獨(dú)做主語時，若強(qiáng)調(diào)整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，強(qiáng)調(diào)個體時，

謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。

themajorityof+n.后可用不可數(shù)名詞，也可用可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動詞由后面的

名詞決定

用be的正確形式填空

1)Themajorityfbrthebudget.

2)Themajorityofstudentshard-working.

3)Themajorityof(hedamageeasytorepair.

6.makealife開始新生活，習(xí)慣于新的生活方式

Manyfarmersgotothebigcitiestomakealife.

翻譯：在新的國家開始新生活不是容易的。

7.keepup繼續(xù)，保持

Ifwecankeepupthisspeed,weshouldarrivethereinabouttwodays.

翻譯：鼓起勇氣，不要?dú)怵H！__________________________；_______________

二、重點(diǎn)句子

1.Californiaisthethirdlargeststateinthe…序數(shù)詞可以修飾形容詞的最高級

TheYellowRiveristhesecondlongestriverinChina.

可以修飾形容詞最高級的詞：far/byfar/much可以修飾比較的詞：no/alittle/

abit/any

1)You4restandingtoonearthecamera.Canyoumove?

A.abitfarB.alittlefartherC.abitoffartherD.alittlefar

2.WhenthefirstpeoplearrivedinwhatwenowknowasCalifornia….賓語從句

=theplacethatwcnowknowasCalifornia.定語從句

1)GeorgeWashingtonwasbominisnowthestateofVirginia.

A.whichB.whereC.thatD.what

2)=GeorgeWashingtonwasbornintheplaceisnowthestateof

Virginia.

A.thereB.whereC.dialD.what

3)PudongDevelopmentZoneisnolongeraruralareaitusedtobe.

A.whatB.whereC.thatD.there

4)=PudongDevelopmentZoneisnolongeritusedtobe.

A.whatB.whereC.thatD.there

3.OfthefirstSpanishtogotoCalifornia,themajoritywerereligiousmen,whose

ministrywastoteachtheCatholicreligioustothenatives.

togotoCalifornia4不定式做后置定語)不定式做后置定語常見用法有：

(1)不定式表將來的動作

(2)修飾序數(shù)詞，theIasi,最高級，theonly等，或被這些詞限定的名詞。

(3)修飾抽象名詞ability,chance,idea,opportunity,way,reason,time,wish,

decision等

(4)不定式與其所修飾的名詞可能是動賓關(guān)系;不及物動詞構(gòu)成的不定式做定

語，要加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~和被修飾的名詞形成邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系.

Eg.(l)Thetrain(arrive)(將要來的火車)wasfromLondon.

(2)Shewasthefirstboy(被抓住作弊)intheexam

(3)Thewayhethoughtoftheproblem(解決這個問題)iseffective.

(4)Shehasalotofwork(有很多工作要做)inthemorning.

(5)1needapen.我需要一支筆寫字

4....jtwasthebuildingoftherailwayfromthewesttotheeastcoastthatbrought

evenlargernumberstoCaliforniainthe1860s.強(qiáng)調(diào)句(強(qiáng)調(diào)主語)

強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的結(jié)構(gòu)：

I)基本結(jié)構(gòu)：itis/was+強(qiáng)調(diào)成分+that/who+其他

2)特殊疑問式：特殊疑問詞+is/wasit+that+其他

3)notuntil強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：it+is/was+notuntil+that+其他

Eg:

(1)_______________________________(就是昨天晚上〕Isawagirlwithlonghair

inwhite.

(2)(是怎樣)thepigknockedintothewall?

(3)wehadstayedforweeks(就是我們才呆了

幾個星期)thatIfoundthatsheturnedouttobeathief.

5.Itisbelievedthat...、

Itissaidthat...

Itishopedthat...I

Itissupposedthat...)主語從句(il作形式主語)

Itissuggestedthat...

Itisreportedthat)

翻譯：

1)據(jù)報(bào)道中國已經(jīng)有13億人口。___________________________________________________

2)據(jù)說自從2003年她就回國了o_______________________________________________

Period4-usinglanguage

一、閱讀課文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

()1.HowdidGeorgegettheviewofSanFranciscoBayandthecity?

A.BycablecarB.BybusC.BytrainD.Bysubway

()2.Whatdoes"cell"meaninthispart?

A.ThesmallroomwherebeesliveB.Adeviceforproducinganelectriccurrent.

C.Asmallroomforprisoners.D.Aroomshowingarlobjects.

()3.WhichwordcanbeusedtodescribeChineseimmigrants'stay?

A.fortableB.MiserableC.FreeD.Happy

()4.ThemainpurposeofGeorge'sarrivalisto.

A.writeareportonthetouringspotsB.goonholidaythere

C.takephotosofdifferentspotsD.takecareofPeterandTerri

()5.OnTuesdayGeorgedidallthefollowingthingsexcept.

A.touringaroundthecityinacarB.takingphotographsatthetouringspots

C.visitingartgallariesandthemuseuminChinatownD.enjoyingagoodmealin

Chinatown

()6.AndrewHallidieinventedthecablecarsysteminorderto.

A.makemoneyB.attractmoretourists

C.offerasaferwayoftransportD.savethehorsesthatslippeddown

thehill

()7.Theimmigrationstationontheislandwasfamousbecause.

A.itwassurroundedbyswiftandfreezingcoldwater

B.itwasusedtokeepalltheimmigrants

C.manypeopleescapedfromit

D.theconditionstherewereterrible

()8.Georgejoinedacoupleandhiredacarwiththempossiblybecause.

A.thecouplewerefamiliarwiththeplaceB.theywerefriendsandcametogether

C.hedidn'tknowhowtodriveacar

D.theywantedtoseemoreofthecityandkeeppanyofeachother

二、知識點(diǎn)拓展

1、hirevt.&n.租用；雇用

Hewantstohireavideo.他想要租錄像帶。

Shewashiredthreeyearsago.她是三年前錄用的。

比較hire/rent/let：出租房屋用let或rent,但租用設(shè)備用hire

hiresth.fromsb.從某人處租某東西

hiresth.outtosb.把某東西租給某人

rentsth.fromsb.向.…租借

rentsth.tosb.把….租給

letsth.tosb.把….租給

There'saflattoletinourblock..我們那座大廈有一套公寓出租。

牛刀小試：用hire/rent/let填空

1)WeourhousewhilewewereinFranceforayear.

2)We'11havetosomeonetomendtheroof.

3)Shethecottagetoholidaymakersinthesummer.

4)Iasuitforthewedding.

2、teamupwith與..合作或一起工作

IteamedupwithJanetodothejob.我和簡一起做這項(xiàng)工作。

Hepreferredtogointobusinessaloneratherthanteamupwithanyoneelse.

他情愿獨(dú)自經(jīng)商而不愿與人合伙。

完成句子

1)Youcan(和.…一起)anoiherclassmemberifyouwant.

2)Thetwopanics(已合作)todevelopanewracingcar.

3.markout劃線，標(biāo)出….的界限

Onehundredseatsareinthespecialareamarkedoutforthedisabled.

有一百個座位在一個特殊的區(qū)域，專門為殘疾人劃出的。

【知識積累】

bemarkedby以.…為特點(diǎn)

bemarkedwith標(biāo)有…的標(biāo)志

markdown記下，降低…的價格

markoff劃分，分隔出

markup提高.…的價格，提高...的分?jǐn)?shù)

完成句子

Thefarmersare(標(biāo)出)ihegoodseedsandthebadones.

4、takein①把...拿進(jìn)來或帶進(jìn)來②收容，留宿③理解，體會，了解④包含,

包括⑤欺騙，蒙騙

Pleasetakethewashingin,ifitrains.如果下雨，請把洗好的衣服收進(jìn)來。

Japanrefusedtotakeintherefugees.H本拒絕收容那些難民。

Givemetimetotakeinthewholesituation.給我時間好讓我了解全盤狀況。

Thetourtakesinsomefamousoldcastles.這趟觀光旅行包括參觀若干著名的古

堡。

He飛aclevertalker—andgoodattakingpeoplein.他說話很狡猾，很會欺騙人?

［知識積累］

takeover接管

takeone'splace就職

taketheplaceof代替

taketurns輪流

takeup從事，干，占據(jù)

takepartin參力口

takeon雇用，承擔(dān)

takeoff脫掉衣服

takeback撤銷

選詞填空：takeovertakeintakepartin

1)Ourtextbook55picturesfromforeigncountries.

2)Fishoxygenthroughtheirgills.

5、agreat/goodmany許多，很多

Inthesnowstorm,agoodmanystudentsarewaitinginlonglinestosignfortheart

test.

在暴風(fēng)雪中，許多學(xué)生排隊(duì)等候藝術(shù)考生報(bào)名。

Thereareagoodmanyhorseseatinggrass.有很多馬在吃草。

【溫馨提示】

(1)manya/an修飾名詞單數(shù)，其后的謂語動詞形式用單數(shù)，但是其意義是“很

多”，如：

ManyastudentisreadingEnglish.很多學(xué)生在讀英語

(2)agood/greatmany后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞，但其后有of時必須加限定詞，如

these,those,the,one's等，然后再加名詞復(fù)數(shù)。

Agood/grccitmanyofthebooksarcofferedbythelibrary.

這些圖書中的大部分是由圖書館提供的。

AgoodmanysoldiersweresenttoSichuanforrescuewhenanearthquakehappened

in2008.

2008年四川大地震時，大批的士兵被派去救援。

Agreatmanybirdsflytothesouthforwinter.為了越冬，大批的鳥往南遷徙。

歸納拓展

many

agreat/goodmany?+可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)+復(fù)數(shù)謂語

agood/largenumberof,

much'

agood/greatdealof?+不可數(shù)名詞/可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+單數(shù)謂語

alargeamountof.

alotof'J可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+復(fù)數(shù)謂語

lotsof〔不可數(shù)名詞+單數(shù)謂語

plentyof]

largeamountsof+不可數(shù)名詞+比數(shù)謂語

quantitiesof+不可數(shù)名詞/可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+復(fù)數(shù)謂語

aquantityof+不可數(shù)名詞+單數(shù)謂語

aquantityof+可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)+復(fù)數(shù)謂語

amassof+可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)+復(fù)數(shù)謂語

amassof+不可數(shù)名詞+單數(shù)謂語

massesof+不可數(shù)名詞/可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+復(fù)數(shù)謂語

完成句子

1)Now(許多)booksforseniorschoolstudentscontainnice

pictures.

2)Wealwayskeepsparepaper.

6、applyfor申請，請示得到

LiHuahas叩pliedforapassportto(heUSA.李華申請了去美國的護(hù)照。

拓展延伸

applyto適用于

applytosb.forsth.向.…申請.…

applyoneselfto致力于

完成句子

1)Thisrulethechildren.這條規(guī)則對兒童不適用。

2)Wemustourmindsasolution.

我們要動腦筋找出解決的辦法來。

3)Thesamemethodcan(也適用于)othersituations.

4)Theythegovernmentforhelp.他們向政府申請幫

助。

7、Itdidn'toccurtomethat我沒想到….

(1)Itoccurstosb.that.…某人突然想起….

Isupposeitneveroccurredtoyoutophonethepolice?我想你壓根兒就沒想起給警

方打？

(2)occurvi.發(fā)生,出現(xiàn)，存在

Climaticchangeshaveoccurredatintervalsthroughoutthemillennium.

整個千年中，氣候變化時有發(fā)生。

①occurlosb.使某人突然想到

AnexcellentideaoccurredtomewhenIwokeupthismorring.

今早起床時，我突然想到一個很棒的點(diǎn)子。

Thepossibilitythatshemightbewrongneveroccurredtoher.她壓根兒沒想到自己

會錯。

②Itoccurstosb.todosth.某人突然想起要去做某事

Itdidn'toccurtohertoasktorhelp.她沒想到請別人幫忙c

比較occur/happcn/takeplace/eabout

皆有“發(fā)生”之意，除了takeplace指“根據(jù)安排或計(jì)劃發(fā)生，進(jìn)行”之外，其余三

個都表示“突然或出乎意料的發(fā)生“，它們都是不及物動詞(詞組)，不能用于被

動結(jié)構(gòu)中。

完成句子

1)The82thOscarAwardCeremonyonMarch7th,201().

第82屆奧斯卡頒獎典禮于2010年3月7日舉行。

2)Howdidthisdangeroussituation?(=happen/occur).

這樣危險的局面是怎樣出現(xiàn)的？

3)Manyaccidents(=happen)inthehome.許多事故都是在家里

發(fā)生的。

拓展延伸

①…itcameaboutthat從句某事是…發(fā)生的

②Itoccurredtosb.that…某人突然想到…

③Ithappensthat...碰巧...

④Itstrikessb.that…某人突然想到

完成句子

④thatIhadforgottentoleavethekeytoLiMing.

我突然想起我忘了把鑰匙交給李明了。

Period5grammar?名詞性從句

名詞性從句的語法功能：名詞性從句即主語從句，賓語從句，表語從句和同位語

從句，在句中充當(dāng)主語，賓語，表語，同位語。

【歸納總結(jié)】

l.that和what都可以引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，但是that連接詞,本身無詞義，僅起連

接作用，不在從句中充當(dāng)任何成分；what是連接詞，不僅引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，而

且在從句中充當(dāng)一定的成分，如主語，賓語或表語。

Thatherobbedthebankwasnottrue.

Theimportantthingiswhatyoudo,butnotwhatyousay.

2.單個的主語從句作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。如果兩個或兩個以上的主

語從句作主語時，謂語動詞則用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

Whereandwhenwewillbuildthehousehasnotbeendecided.

Whenthegirlwasmurderedandwhyshewasmurderedarestillunknown.

3.在名詞性從句中一律用陳述句的語序，即使從句表達(dá)的是疑問含義。

Theproblemishowhecanmunicatewiththedeaflady.

4.連接詞ihat引導(dǎo)的主語從句放在句首，thal不能省略。但為了避免頭重腳輕，

可以用it作形式主語，而把真正的主語從句放到后面。如果that引導(dǎo)的主語從句

出現(xiàn)在疑問句中時，必須以it作形式主語而把主語從句后置。

5.賓語從句的時態(tài)受主句時態(tài)的影響，如果主句的謂語動詞是一般現(xiàn)在時，從句

中的謂語動詞可以用各種時態(tài)；如果主句中的謂語動詞用一般過去時，則從句中

的謂語動詞只能用過去時的某種形式，但從句如果表達(dá)客觀真理或客觀存在的事

實(shí)則不受此影響。

Webelievedthattheyhadraisedmuchmoneytohelpthedisabled.

TheteachertoldusthatIndiahasthesecondlargestpopulationintheworld.

賓語從句要注意的幾個問題：

(1)時態(tài)呼應(yīng)；

(2)否定轉(zhuǎn)移：

(3)形式賓語il的使用。在接復(fù)合賓語的句子中(S+Vt+O+Oc)，為了保持句

子平衡，用it作形式賓語，將從句放于句尾，常接復(fù)合賓語的動詞有：

make,find,see,hear,feel,think等。

Ithinkitnecessarythatwetakeplentyofhotwatereveryday.

Ithinkitapitytowastethefood.

注意：在think,believe,suppose,expect等動詞之后，賓語從句謂語的否定常前移

到主句的謂語上，例如：

Idon'tthinkhewillseeyou.

Idon'tbelievehewillgo.

6.在含有“命令、要求、建我”等詞如(insist,suggest,advise,demand,order等)的

名詞性從句中通常用虛擬語氣，其構(gòu)成是“should+V原"，should可省略

Shei