2025年考研英語（一）閱讀理解高頻詞匯專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練試卷考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______模擬試卷一、詞匯選擇：從下列選項(xiàng)中，選擇最符合句子語境的詞填空。1.Despitethe_______economicoutlook,thecompanymanagedtoreportasignificantprofitincrease.A.optimisticB.pessimisticC.ambiguousD.fluctuating2.Thearchaeologistsuncoveredevidenceof_______humansettlementinthearea,datingbackthousandsofyears.A.previousB.presentC.potentialD.preliminary3.Herargumentlacks_______;itreliesheavilyonassumptionsratherthanconcretedata.A.substantiationB.validationC.plausibilityD.acknowledgment4.Thenovel'scomplexnarrativestructurerequirescareful_______tofullyappreciateitsthemes.A.comprehensionB.interpretationC.digestionD.compilation5.Thegovernmentimplementedstrictmeasuresto_______thespreadoftheinfectiousdisease.A.curbB.mitigateC.exacerbateD.amplify6.His_______personalityandunwaveringworkethichaveearnedhimgreatrespectfromhispeers.A.abrasiveB.amiableC.apatheticD.arrogant7.Thescientist'sgroundbreakingresearch_______ourunderstandingoftheuniverse.A.revolutionizedB.complicatedC.consolidatedD.contradicted8.Shedecidedto_______hercareerinmedicineaftercompletingherresidencyprogram.A.pursueB.abandonC.postponeD.overlook9.Thecommitteeexpressed_______regardingtheproposedchangestotheprojecttimeline.A.approvalB.skepticismC.indifferenceD.enthusiasm10.Theoldlibraryhousesavast_______ofrarebooksandmanuscripts.A.compilationB.collectionC.aggregationD.dispersion二、句子填空：根據(jù)上下文，選擇合適的詞匯填空，使句子意思完整、通順。1.Thestudy_______thatincreasedphysicalactivitysignificantlyimprovesmentalhealth.2.Despitefacingnumerous_______,sheremaineddeterminedtoachievehergoals.3.Thepolitician'sspeechwasfilledwith_______promises,leavingtheaudienceskepticalofhisintentions.4.The_______discoveryofpenicillinrevolutionizedthefieldofmedicine.5.Hisexplanationwas_______anddidnotaddressthecoreissuesoftheproblem.6.Thecompany'smarketsharehasbeensteadily_______overthepastfewquarters.7.Theathlete's_______performanceattheOlympicssetanewworldrecord.8.Thenovel'sintricateplotrequirescareful_______tofollowthesequenceofevents.9.Thegovernment'seffortsto_______inflationhavehadlimitedsuccess.10.Themuseumboastsa_______ofartifactsfromvarioushistoricalperiods.三、閱讀理解：閱讀下面的文章，回答問題。Therapidadvancementofartificialintelligence(AI)hassparkedintensedebateaboutitspotentialimpactonthefutureofwork.ProponentsarguethatAIwillautomatemundanetasks,increaseefficiency,andcreatenewjobopportunitiesinemergingfields.TheypointtoAI'sabilitytoprocessvastamountsofdataquicklyandaccurately,potentiallyleadingtobreakthroughsinmedicine,science,andtechnology.However,criticsexpressconcernthatAIcoulddisplacehumanworkers,particularlyinindustriesreliantonroutinetasks,leadingtounemploymentandincomeinequality.TheyalsoraiseethicalconcernsaboutthepotentialforAItobeusedforsurveillance,manipulation,orautonomousweapons.OneofthemostsignificantpotentialbenefitsofAIisitsabilitytoenhanceproductivity.Byautomatingrepetitiveandtime-consumingtasks,AIcanfreeuphumanworkerstofocusonmorecreativeandcomplexproblem-solving.Thiscouldleadtoincreasedinnovationandeconomicgrowth.Forexample,AI-poweredtoolscouldassistdoctorsindiagnosingdiseasesbyanalyzingmedicalimages,allowingforearlierandmoreaccuratediagnoses.Intherealmoftransportation,self-drivingcarshavethepotentialtoreduceaccidentscausedbyhumanerrorandimprovetrafficflow.Despitethesepotentialbenefits,theriseofAIalsoposessignificantchallenges.Oneoftheprimaryconcernsistheimpactonemployment.AsAIsystemsbecomemoresophisticated,theymayincreasinglyreplacehumanworkersinsectorssuchasmanufacturing,customerservice,anddataentry.Thiscouldleadtowidespreadjobdisplacement,particularlyforlow-skilledworkers.Additionally,thecreationofnewjobsinAI-relatedfieldsmaynotbesufficienttooffsetthelossesinothersectors,potentiallyexacerbatingincomeinequality.AnotherconcernistheethicalimplicationsofAI.TheabilityofAIsystemstocollectandanalyzevastamountsofpersonaldataraisesconcernsaboutprivacyandsurveillance.ThereisalsotheriskthatAIcouldbeusedtomanipulateindividuals,forexample,throughtargetedadvertisingorpoliticalpropaganda.Furthermore,thedevelopmentofautonomousweaponsraisesthepossibilityofunintendedconsequencesandthepotentialformisuse.Tomitigatetheserisks,itiscrucialtodevelopandimplementethicalguidelinesforAIdevelopmentanddeployment.Theseguidelinesshouldprioritizetransparency,accountability,andfairness.Governments,businesses,andacademiamustcollaboratetoensurethatthebenefitsofAIaresharedequitablyandthatthepotentialrisksaremanagedeffectively.Additionally,investmentineducationandretrainingprogramsisessentialtohelpworkersadapttothechangingjobmarket.Inconclusion,theimpactofAIonthefutureofworkisacomplexandmultifacetedissue.WhileAIhasthepotentialtobringsignificantbenefits,italsoposessignificantchallenges.Byproactivelyaddressingthesechallengesthroughethicalguidelines,collaboration,andinvestmentineducation,wecanharnessthepowerofAItocreateamoreprosperousandequitablefutureforall.Basedonthepassage,answerthefollowingquestions:1.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?2.Accordingtothepassage,whataresomepotentialbenefitsofAIintheworkplace?3.WhataresomeoftheconcernsraisedbycriticsabouttheimpactofAIonemployment?4.ThepassagementionsseveralethicalconcernsrelatedtoAI.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasanethicalconcern:a)privacyb)manipulationc)jobdisplacementd)autonomousweapons?5.WhatmeasuresaresuggestedinthepassagetoaddressthepotentialchallengesofAI?6.Theword"proponents"inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.opponentsB.supportersC.criticsD.skeptics7.Theword"displacement"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.creationB.automationC.replacementD.enhancement8.Theword"exacerbating"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.improvingB.worseningC.addressingD.minimizing9.Theword"mitigate"inthefifthparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.worsenB.ignoreC.reduceD.ignore10.Theword"equitable"inthefinalparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:A.fairB.biasedC.efficientD.expensive試卷答案一、詞匯選擇：1.B解析：句意“盡管經(jīng)濟(jì)前景暗淡，公司仍報(bào)告了利潤大幅增長”。pessimistic（悲觀的）符合語境。2.A解析：句意“考古學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)了該地區(qū)早期人類居住的證據(jù)，可追溯到數(shù)千年前”。previous（之前的，早先的）符合語境。3.A解析：句意“她的論點(diǎn)缺乏依據(jù)；它嚴(yán)重依賴假設(shè)而非具體數(shù)據(jù)”。substantiation（依據(jù)，證據(jù)）符合語境。4.B解析：句意“小說復(fù)雜的敘事結(jié)構(gòu)需要仔細(xì)解讀才能充分理解其主題”。interpretation（解釋，解讀）符合語境。5.A解析：句意“政府實(shí)施了嚴(yán)格措施來遏制傳染病的蔓延”。curb（遏制，控制）符合語境。6.B解析：句意“他隨和的個(gè)性和堅(jiān)定不移的工作ethic贏得了同事的極大尊重”。amiable（和藹可親的）符合語境。7.A解析：句意“這位科學(xué)家的開創(chuàng)性研究徹底改變了我們對宇宙的理解”。revolutionized（徹底改變）符合語境。8.A解析：句意“她在完成住院醫(yī)師培訓(xùn)計(jì)劃后決定追求醫(yī)學(xué)事業(yè)”。pursue（追求）符合語境。9.B解析：句意“委員會(huì)對擬議的項(xiàng)目時(shí)間表變更表示懷疑”。skepticism（懷疑）符合語境。10.B解析：句意“老圖書館收藏著大量珍貴書籍和手稿”。collection（收藏，收集）符合語境。二、句子填空：1.indicates解析：句意“研究表明增加體育鍛煉可以顯著改善心理健康”。indicates（表明，顯示）符合語境。2.obstacles解析：句意“盡管面臨諸多障礙，她仍然決心實(shí)現(xiàn)她的目標(biāo)”。obstacles（障礙，困難）符合語境。3.hollow解析：句意“這位政治家的演講充滿了空洞的承諾，讓聽眾對他/她的意圖表示懷疑”。hollow（空洞的，虛張聲勢的）符合語境。4.remarkable解析：句意“青霉素的驚人發(fā)現(xiàn)徹底改變了醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域”。remarkable（引人注目的，非凡的）符合語境。5.vague解析：句意“他的解釋含糊不清，并沒有解決問題的核心”。vague（模糊的，不明確的）符合語境。6.declining解析：句意“過去幾個(gè)季度，該公司的市場份額一直在下降”。declining（下降的，減少的）符合語境。7.extraordinary解析：句意“這位運(yùn)動(dòng)員在奧運(yùn)會(huì)上表現(xiàn)出色，創(chuàng)造了新的世界紀(jì)錄”。extraordinary（非同尋常的，出色的）符合語境。8.comprehension解析：句意“小說復(fù)雜的情節(jié)需要仔細(xì)理解才能跟上事件發(fā)生的順序”。comprehension（理解）符合語境。9.curb解析：句意“政府為遏制通貨膨脹所做的努力收效甚微”。curb（遏制，控制）符合語境。10.assortment解析：句意“博物館擁有來自不同歷史時(shí)期的文物assortment”。assortment（各種各樣，五花八門）符合語境。三、閱讀理解：1.ThepotentialimpactofAIonthefutureofwork.解析：文章首段提出“人工智能（AI）的快速發(fā)展引發(fā)了關(guān)于其對未來工作影響的激烈辯論”，為中心思想。2.increasedefficiency,createnewjobopportunities,processvastamountsofdataquicklyandaccurately,potentiallyleadingtobreakthroughsinmedicine,science,andtechnology.解析：根據(jù)第一段“ProponentsarguethatAIwillautomatemundanetasks,increaseefficiency,andcreatenewjobopportunitiesinemergingfields.TheypointtoAI'sabilitytoprocessvastamountsofdataquicklyandaccurately,potentiallyleadingtobreakthroughsinmedicine,science,andtechnology.”，總結(jié)得出。3.AIcoulddisplacehumanworkers,particularlyinindustriesreliantonroutinetasks,leadingtounemploymentandincomeinequality.解析：根據(jù)第二段“However,criticsexpressconcernthatAIcoulddisplacehumanworkers,particularlyinindustriesreliantonroutinetasks,leadingtounemploymentandincomeinequality.”，總結(jié)得出。4.c)jobdisplacement解析：根據(jù)第五段“Additionally,thecreationofnewjobsinAI-relatedfieldsmaynotbesufficienttooffsetthelossesinothersectors,potentiallyexacerbatingincomeinequality.”，可知jobdisplacement是