高中英語閱讀理解(人生百味)及其解題技巧及練習(xí)題(含答案)一、高中英語閱讀理解人生百味類1．閱讀理解

Wanttoimproveyourwritingskills?NewWritingSouthisdirectingtheway!TownerWriterSquad(班級(jí))forkidsaged13-17

LedbycomedyandTVwriter,MarianKilpatrick,TownerWriterSquadwillmeetonceamonthatthecontemporaryartmuseumfor11months,starting12October,2016.

TheFREEsquadsessionswillincludeintroductionstoawiderangeofwritingstyles,frompoetrytoplaywritingandlyric(抒情詩)toflashfiction,tosupportthedevelopmentofyoungwriters.

Application&Selection

IfyouwouldliketoapplytobepartoftheTownerWriterSquad,pleasesendasamplepieceofyourwriting(about500words),respondingtothetitle"LUNCH",withyourname,age,addressandemailaddressto:debo@.

Onceallapplicationsarein,youwillbeinvitedtoanopenselectioneventon17September,4-5pm,atthegalleryofTowner.ThiswillbeaninformalopportunitytomeettheSquadLeader,SquadAssociateandotheryoungpeople.

Youwillalsohaveachancetogettoknowthefantasticgalleryspaceandgetatasteofwhat'stocome.

Deadlineforapplications:8September,2016

Forfurtherinformationgoto:/toneror.ukor

Anyquestions–feelfreetosendyouremailtoTownerWriterSquadAssociate:wharne@.uk

BeginnerWritingProjectforkidsaged10-13

Duetopopulardemand,awritingprojectwillbestartedforeagerbeginners.

Starttime:6September,2016

MeeteveryotherSaturday,2-4pm,attheTownerStudyCentre.

Studyandwriteatyourownpace–youdonothavetorush–asyouhaveayeartogothroughtheproject.Practiceundertheguidanceofsomeexperiencedwritersandteacherswhocanhelpyouwithbasicwritingskills.Mostimportantly,buildconfidenceandhavefunwhilewriting!

Nopreviousexperienceorspecialbackgroundisrequired.Manyothershavebeensuccessfulthisway.Iftheycandoit,whycan'tyou?

Fee:￡179

Formoreinformationgoto:.ukor.uk（1）TownerWriterSquadwillbestarted________.A.totraincomedyandTVwritersB.toexplorethefantasticgalleryspaceC.tointroduceacontemporaryartmuseumD.topromotethedevelopmentofyoungwriters（2）TojointheWriterSquad,eachapplicantshouldfirst_________.A.provideapieceoftheirwritingB.meettheWriterSquadLeaderC.offertheirfamilyinformationD.completeanapplicationform（3）Whatismostimportantforthebeginners?A.Practisingasmuchaspossible.B.Gainingconfidenceandhavingfun.C.Studyingandwritingattheirownpace.D.Learningskillsfromwritersandteachers.【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了不同年齡階段孩子為提高寫作水平設(shè)置的寫作培訓(xùn)班，說明了招收學(xué)員的年齡、申請(qǐng)的條件、開課時(shí)間、報(bào)名截止日期及費(fèi)用等信息。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)TheFREE部分中的“squadsessionswillincludeintroductionstoawiderangeofwritingstyles,frompoetrytoplaywritingandlyric(抒情詩)toflashfiction,tosupportthedevelopmentofyoungwriters.”班會(huì)將包括介紹廣泛的寫作風(fēng)格，從詩歌到戲劇寫作，從抒情詩到微型小說，以支持年輕作家的發(fā)展?？芍琓ownerWriterSquad促進(jìn)年輕作家的發(fā)展。故選D。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Application&Selection部分中的“IfyouwouldliketoapplytobepartoftheTownerWriterSquad,pleasesendasamplepieceofyourwriting”如果你想申請(qǐng)成為TownerWriterSquad的一員，請(qǐng)寄一份你的寫作樣稿?？芍尤隬riterSquad，每個(gè)申請(qǐng)人必須先提供一篇他們的作品。故選A。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)Starttime:6September,2016部分中的“Mostimportantly,buildconfidenceandhavefunwhilewriting!”最重要的是，在寫作的過程中建立自信和獲得樂趣!可知，對(duì)初學(xué)者來說獲得信心和樂趣是最重要的。故選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題型的考查，是一篇介紹類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并結(jié)合題目要求，從而選出正確答案。2．閱讀理解

TheaterListingGuide

CheckoutthelatestshowsinLondontheaterswithourhandytheaterlistingguide!Youcaneitherpurchaseticketsatthetheatreoronlineathttps://www.londontheatre.co.uk/whats-on.

Chicago,PhoenixTheatre

Chicago,thelongest-runningAmericanmusicalinBroadwayhistory,hasdelightedaudiencesaroundtheworld.Themaincharactersaretwofemalecriminals.Youmustbe18oroldertopurchaseaticket.

KinkyBoots,AdelphiTheatre

Basedonthesuccessful2005BritishfilmbyGeoffDeaneandTimFirth,thismusicalcelebrationisaboutthebeliefthatyoucanchangetheworldwhenyouchangeyourmind.Fansofmusicalcomedywon'twanttomissthisfabulousshow,asthesongsinthemusicalwereproducedbyGrammyandTonywinningpopiconCyndiLauper.Nochildrenyoungerthan6willbeadmitted.Childrenunder3aretreeexceptinreservedseating.

KingLear,DukeofYork'sTheatre

ActinglegendSirIanMcKellenstarredthetitlecharacterinKingLear,oneofShakespeare'sfamoustragedies.McKellen'sperformanceintheplay,whichseesKingLearbecomemadashedivideshiskingdomamongsthischildren,washighlypraisedbycriticsandaudiences.Youmustbe12oroldertoenterthetheatre.

LesMiserables,Queen'sTheatre

AdaptedfromtheepicnovelbyVictorHugo,themusicaltellsapowerfulandmovingstoryoflove,sacrifice,passionandrevolutionaryspirit.InOctober2015LesMiserablescelebratedits30thAnniversaryinLondonandisnowtheworld'slongest-runningmusical.Itisrecommendedforchildrenaged7orover,andchildrenunder5areprohibited.（1）WhoisthecomposerofthemusicalKinkyBoots?A.

CyndiLauper.

B.

SirIanMcKellen.C.

GrammyandTony.

D.

GeoffDeaneandTimFirth.（2）Whichshowisthelongest-runningmusicalintheworld?A.

Chicago.

B.

KinkyBoots.

C.

KingLear.

D.

LesMiserables.（3）Whatcanweinferabouttheshowsmentionedinthepassage?A.

Theshowsaremusicals.B.

Theshowsareadaptedfromancientstories.C.

Theaudiencesshouldbuytheticketsonlineinadvance.D.

Theaudiencesshouldchecktheagepolicybeforebuyingthetickets.【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了四個(gè)劇院最新節(jié)目的情況。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)KinkyBoots,AdelphiTheatre部分中的“Fansofmusicalcomedywon'twanttomissthisfabulousshow,asthesongsinthemusicalwereproducedbyGrammyandTonywinningpopiconCyndiLauper.”音樂喜劇的粉絲們可不想錯(cuò)過這場(chǎng)精彩的演出,因?yàn)橐魳穭≈械母枨际怯筛袢R美獎(jiǎng)得主和托尼獎(jiǎng)得主CyndiLauper創(chuàng)作的。可知KinkyBoots的作曲家是CyndiLauper。故選A。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)LesMiserables.Queen'sTheatre部分中的“InOctober2015LesMiserablescelebratedits30thAnniversaryinLondonandisnowtheworld'slongest-runningmusical.”2015年10月,《悲慘世界》在倫敦慶祝了30周年,現(xiàn)在是世界上播放時(shí)間最長的音樂劇。可知LesMiserables是世界上播放時(shí)間最長的音樂劇。故選D。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)四個(gè)劇院都有關(guān)于年齡的規(guī)定,如Chicago,PhoenixTheatre部分中的“Youmustbe18oroldertopurchaseaticket.”你必須年滿18歲才能買票。；“KinkyBoots,AdelphiTheatreChildrenunder3arefreeexceptinreservedseating.”3歲以下兒童免費(fèi),但預(yù)留座位除外。；“KingLear,DukeofYork'sTheatre中Youmustbe12oroldertoenterthetheatre.”你必須年滿12歲才能進(jìn)入劇院。；“LesMiserables.Queen'sTheatre中Itisrecommendedforchildrenaged7orover,andchildrenunder5areprohibited.”建議7歲以上兒童觀看,5歲以下兒童禁看?？芍^眾在買票前應(yīng)檢查年齡政策。故選D?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇介紹類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。3．閱讀理解

Failureisanunavoidablepartoflife.Thoughsciencehasnamedsomelifeskillsthatpromisesuccess,we'retoldoverandoveragainthatnogreatsuccesswaseverachievedwithoutfailure--ormanyfailedattempts.Oneoflife'smostimportantlessons,therefore,hastobehowtohandlefailurebest.Butwhatisthemessage?

Forstarters,ignoreadvicefromanyonethattellsyou,"Don'tbeatyourselfupaboutit,"nomatterhowwell-meaningtheyare.AccordingtothenewresearchfromtheUniversityofKansas,weabsolutelyshouldbebeatingourselvesupwhenwefail.MarketingprofessorNoelleNelsonandherteamfoundthatthemoreemotionalaperson'sresponseistofailure,themorelikelytheyaretoachievebetterresultsthenexttimetheydealwitharelatedtask.

Theresearcherscarriedouttwoexperimentsinwhichundergraduatestudentswererequiredtoperformspecifictasks.Inoneexperiment,theywereaskedtosearchonlineforasqueezerandreportthelowestpricetheycouldfindwiththepossibilityofwinninga$50cashprize.However,thetaskwascontrolled,andallparticipantsweretold(byacomputer)thatthelowestpricewas$3.27lessthantheirreportedprice.Consequently,noparticipantwonthecashprize.Whentheresultswereannounced,someparticipantswereaskedtofocusontheiremotionalresponse,andothersontheircognitive(認(rèn)知的)response.Duringthenextsimilartask,participantswhofocusedontheiremotionalresponsetofailuremademoreeffortthanthosewhofocusedonacognitiveresponse.

Everybodyhastheirownuniquechallenges,responsibilities,duties,andprojects,butthesefindingsarerelatedtoallofus.Yourpersonalfailuremaybeacakethatfailstorise,apresentationthatgoeswrong,oradeadlinethatgetsmissed—itdoesn'tmatter.Whatmattersishowyoureacttoit.Insteadofthinkingaboutthefailure,letyourselffeelbadaboutit.Thenfollowthisadviceonhowtobouncebackafteryourfailure.（1）What'stherelationshipbetweenfailureandsuccess?A.Failurepromisessuccess.B.Failureisthekeytosuccess.C.Failuredoesdamagetosuccess.D.Well-handledfailureisgoodforsuccess.（2）Whydoesthewritersupportbeatingoneselfupwhenfailing?A.It'sawell-meaningsuggestionforfailure.B.It'sbeenprovedbythestudyofauniversity.C.Beingemotionalisgoodforhisfuturesuccess.D.Itcanmakepeoplelessemotionalaboutfailure.（3）Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.PersonalFailureIsaCakeThatFailstoAppearB.TheMostProductiveWaytoHandleAnyFailureC.DifferentMethodstoChangeFailureintoSuccessD.TheReasonWhyFailureIstheMotherofSuccess【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章向讀者傳達(dá)了失敗乃是人生不可避免的一部分，但是如何處理失敗是很重要的。每次失敗后，我們應(yīng)該自責(zé)，自責(zé)能讓我們下次做得更好。（1）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的we'retoldoverandoveragainthatnogreatsuccesswaseverachievedwithoutfailure以及“Oneoflife'smostimportantlessons,therefore,hastobehowtohandlefailurebest.（人生中很重要的一課是學(xué)會(huì)如何最好地處理失敗）”可知，好好處理的失敗對(duì)成功是好的。故選D。（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的“weabsolutelyshouldbebeatingourselvesupwhenwefail（當(dāng)我們失敗的時(shí)候我們應(yīng)該自責(zé)）”與“themoreemotionalaperson'sresponseistofailure,themorelikelytheyaretoachievebetterresultsthenexttimetheydealwitharelatedtask（一個(gè)人對(duì)失敗的情緒越大，下次他遇到相關(guān)的任務(wù)取得更好的結(jié)果的可能越大）”可知，對(duì)失敗有情緒對(duì)將來的成功是很重要的。故選C。（3）主旨大意題。這是一篇說明文，根據(jù)文章第一段中的最后一句“Oneoflife'smostimportantlessons,therefore,hastobehowtohandlefailurebest.（人生中很重要的一課是學(xué)會(huì)如何最好地處理失敗）”可知，本文是教給大家如何有效地面對(duì)失敗。故選B。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解題，推理判斷題和主旨大意題。細(xì)節(jié)理解題要注意根據(jù)題目和文章的關(guān)鍵詞在文章中尋找答案。推理判斷題要注意聯(lián)系上下文，推斷出所需信息，主旨大意題要注意找文章的主題句或主題段落，聯(lián)系上下文，從而判斷出文章的主題。4．閱讀理解

AwhilebackIcaughtanewsreportonsomethingcalled-couchsurfing‖andthenetworkoftrustingsoulswhomakethisphenomenonpossible.Theyoffertoputuptravelersfreeofchargeandhelpthemontheirways.Atfirst,itsoundedunbelievable.Imean,invitingstrangersintoone'shomeforoneortwonights?Givemeabreak.

However,Iwasintrigued.Idecidedtoinvestigate.Theonlywaytotrulylearnaboutthisphenomenonwastodivein.SoIplannedatriptoFinland,acountryI'vealwayswantedtoexplore.Iwouldcouchsurfateverystopthere.

Ifeveranyanxietyexistedwhensteppingintotheunknown,itdisappearedwhenmyfirsthostmetmeatthetrainstation.ArilookedlikemyideaofatypicalFinn:tallandblue-eyed.Finnswerealsosupposedtobefamouslyreserved(寡言少語的).Ariwasanythingbut.Hewasalivewire,givingmeanenthusiasticwelcomeandhikingwithmetohisapartment,whereheshowedmethesleepersofa,servedmetea,andengagedmeinwarmconversations.HealsohandedmeakeytocomeandgoasIpleased.

Ifthiswaswhatcouchsurfingwasallabout－trustandfriendship－thenIhadgottenofftoagoodstart.AsIboardedmynexttraintocontinuemyjourney,Ibegantothinkaboutthiscouch-surfingidea.Whaturgedthesepeopletoopentheirhomestostrangers?Iconcludedthattherewasadesiretolendahandtolike-mindedfolkswhomightenrichtheirownlives.

Sevencitiesin14days.Sevenhosts.Sevennewfriends.Ifcouchsurfingtaughtmeanything,it'sthis:Mostpeoplearegoodandgenerous.Wherewillcouchsurfingtakemenext?Whoknows?ButIcan'twaittofindout.（1）Whichofthefollowingbestexplains"intrigued"underlinedinthesecondparagraph?A.

Relaxed.

B.

Disgusted.

C.

Interested.

D.

Embarrassed.（2）WhatcanweknowaboutAri?A.

HewasreservedlikemostFinns.

B.

Hetalkedlessbuthewasfriendly.C.

Hetreatedtheauthorasafriend.

D.

Hesawofftheauthoratthetrainstation.（3）Whydidpeopleoffercouchsurfingtostrangers?A.

Totakeanadventurewithstrangers.

B.

Toexchangehousesforashorttime.C.

Tolearnmoreaboutothers'familylives.

D.

Toenrichtheirownlivesbyhelpingothers.（4）Whatcanbethesuitabletitleforthetext?A.

TravelonTrustandCouches

B.

AFreeTravelinFinlandC.

ExperiencesinStrangers'Houses

D.

APlanforCouchSurfing【答案】（1）C（2）C（3）D（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文,作者從初步了解到親身體驗(yàn)"沙發(fā)沖浪"這種旅游模式（在旅游時(shí),由一個(gè)陌生的當(dāng)?shù)厝颂峁┟赓M(fèi)吃住并擔(dān)當(dāng)導(dǎo)游,基于相互信任和共同趣味建立起來的一種旅游模式）,再到得出感悟的全過程。（1）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第二段中的"Idecidedtoinvestigate"可知,作者變得對(duì)此感興趣,決定展開調(diào)查,由此可知畫線詞詞義為"感興趣",故選C。（2）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的"Hewasalivewire,givingmeaneffusivewelcomeandhikingwithmetohisapartment,whereheshowedmethesleepersofa,servedmetea,andengagedmeinwarmconversations.HealsohandedmeakeytocomeandgoasIpleased."可知,他對(duì)作者非常熱情并且非常信任,像朋友一樣對(duì)待作者,故選C。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的"Whaturgedthesepeopletoopentheirhomestostrangers?Iconcludedthattherewasadesiretolendahandtolike-mindedfolkswhomightenrichtheirownlives."可知,人們像陌生人提供沙發(fā)沖浪服務(wù)是為了充實(shí)自己的生活,故選D。（4）考查主旨大意。通讀全文可知,本文主要講述了作者從初步了解到親身體驗(yàn)"沙發(fā)沖浪"這種旅游模式——在旅游時(shí),由一個(gè)陌生的當(dāng)?shù)厝颂峁┟赓M(fèi)吃住并擔(dān)當(dāng)導(dǎo)游,基于相互信任共同趣味建立起來的一種旅游模式,再到得出感悟的全過程。全文圍繞兩個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞couch(指在陌生當(dāng)?shù)丶彝セ谛湃喂餐钜粌商?和travel展開,故選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)，推理判斷和主旨大意四個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇人生感悟類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。5．閱讀理解

I'mnotsosureIlikemyfriendsanymore.Iusedtolikethem—tobehonest.We'dhavelunch,talkonthephoneorexchangee-mails,andtheyallseemednormalenough.ButthencameFacebookandIwasintroducedtoasadfact:manyofmyfriendshavedarksidesthattheyhadkeptfromme.

TodaymyfriendsshowoffthemoreunpleasantaspectsoftheirpersonalitiesviaFacebook.Nolongerhidden,they'rethrowninmyfacelikeTVcommercials—unavoidableandendlessadvertisementsfortheworstoftheirpersonalities.

TakeFred.Ifyouweretohavelunchwithhim,you'dfindhimwarm,anddown-to-earth.ReadhisFacebookandyourealizehe'sanunbearable,food-obsessedbore.He'dpausetohaveacupofcoffeeonhiswaytosaveadrowningman—andthenwriteaboutit.

TakeAndy.Youwon'tfindasmarterCEOanywhere,butnowhe'saCEOwithoutacompanytolull.SoheplaysMafiaWarsonFacebook.He'sdoingwell—level731.ThankstoFacebook,Iknowhe'splayingabout18hoursaday.Andy,you'verunfourcompanies—andthisishowyouspendyourdowntime(業(yè)余時(shí)間)?Whathappenedtogolf?Whathappenedtogettinganotherjob?

TakeLiz.SheispositivethattheH1N1vaccine(甲流疫苗)willkillusallandthatweshouldavoidit.AndthencomesChriswholikestopostatleast20timesadayoneverywebsitehecanfind,soIgettoreadhisthoughtstwice,onceonFacebookandonceonTwitter.

Inreallife,Idon'tseethesesidesofpeople.Facetoface,myfriendsshowmetheirbest.They'renice,smartpeople.ButfacetoFacebook,myfriendsarelikeablinddatewhichgoeshorriblywrong.

I'mleftwithadilemma.Whoismyrealfriend?IsittheLizIhavelunchwithortheanti-vaccinelunatic(狂人)onFacebook?IsittheFredIcangrabasandwichwithortheFredwhoweepsifhe'satapartyandthewineisn'tuptohisstandards?（1）What'sAndyprobablybusyindoingnow?A.

He'srunninghiscompany.

B.

He'splayinggolfallday.C.

He'slookingforanotherjob.

D.

He'splayingcomputergames.（2）WhoisopposedtotheH1N1vaccineinthetext?A.

Fred.

B.

Andy.

C.

Liz.

D.

Chris.（3）Accordingtothetext,Facebooktendsto______.A.

presentanothersideofpeople

B.

offersomefoodforfreeC.

showendlessadvertisements

D.

getyoutomoreparties（4）Thetextisdevelopedmainlyby______.A.givingexamplesB.followingthetimeorderC.listingfiguresD.raisingquestions【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）A（4）A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，自從有了Facebook之后，作者朋友們的一些變化。以前，朋友會(huì)在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中展現(xiàn)他們好的一面；現(xiàn)在，在網(wǎng)絡(luò)上他們把自己的陰暗面暴露無遺。這讓作者很煩惱，甚至分不清楚朋友的真實(shí)面目是什么，誰才是她真正的朋友。（1）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的”SoheplaysMafiaWarsonFacebook.He'sdoingwell—level731.ThankstoFacebook,Iknowhe'splayingabout18hoursaday.“所以他在Facebook上玩游戲，他打的不錯(cuò)-731級(jí)。多虧了Facebook，我知道他現(xiàn)在每天玩18小時(shí)游戲，可知，Andy沉溺于網(wǎng)絡(luò)游戲，所以可以推斷出他此時(shí)正忙著打游戲。故選D。（2）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第五段中的”TakeLiz.SheispositivethattheH1N1vaccine(甲流疫苗)willkillusallandthatweshouldavoidit.“以Liz為例。她贊同甲流疫苗會(huì)致死，大家都該避開打疫苗，可知，Liz對(duì)甲流疫苗持反對(duì)態(tài)度。故選C。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的”TodaymyfriendsshowoffthemoreunpleasantaspectsoftheirpersonalitiesviaFacebook.“現(xiàn)在我的朋友通過Facebook展現(xiàn)出他們性格中令人不愉快的方面）和倒數(shù)第二段的Inreallife,Idon'tseethesesidesofpeople.Facetoface,myfriendsshowmetheirbest.They'renice,smartpeople.ButfacetoFacebook,myfriendsarelikeablinddatewhichgoeshorriblywrong.”在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中，我沒有看到人們的這些方面。面對(duì)面時(shí)，我的朋友們把他們最好的一面展現(xiàn)出來，他們是好人。但是面對(duì)Facebook，我的朋友們就像和素未謀面的人相親一樣，變得極其糟糕）可知，F(xiàn)acebook能讓人展現(xiàn)出不同于往常的一面。故選A。（4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三，四，五段作者分別以朋友Fred，Andy，Liz的事情為例可知，作者是以舉例的方式來寫作的。故選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇人生感悟類閱讀，考生需要準(zhǔn)確掌握細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。6．閱讀理解

Debatesoverthebenefitsofrecyclingstartedin1996whenawritercalledJohnTierneysaid"recyclingisgarbage".Accordingtohim,"Recyclingprogramsoffermainlyshort-termbenefitstoafewrelatedgroupswhiledivertingmoneyfromrealsocialandenvironmentalproblems.Itdoublesenergyconsumptionandpollutionwhilecostingtaxpayersmoremoneythandealingwitholdgarbage.RecyclingmaybethemostwastefulactivityinmodernAmerica."

EnvironmentalgroupswerequicktorespondtoTierneybyissuingreportsdetailingthebenefitsofrecyclingandshowinghowmunicipal(市政的)recyclingprogramsreducepollutionandtheuseofresourceswhiledecreasingtheamountofgarbageandtheneedforlandfillspace—allforless,notmore,thanthecostofregulargarbagecollectionanddisposal(處置).

Butin2002,NewYorkCity,anearlymunicipalrecyclingpioneer,foundthatitsmuch-praisedrecyclingprogramwaslosingmoney,soiteliminatedglassandplasticrecycling.AccordingtotheMayor,thebenefitsofrecyclingplasticandglasswereoutweighedbytheprice—-recyclingcosttwiceasmuchasdisposal.Meanwhile,lowdemandforthematerialsmeantthatmuchofitwasendingupinlandfillsanyway.NYCcloseditslastlandfillandbroughtinamoreefficientsystem,withmorefamousserviceprovidersthanithadusedpreviously.

ThelessonslearnedbyNewYorkareapplicableeverywhere.Someearlyrecyclingprogramswasteresourcesandleadtonewtrash.Butthesituationhasimprovedascitieshavegainedexperience.Ifmanagedcorrectly,recyclingprogramsshouldcostcitiesandtaxpayerslessthangarbagedisposalforanygivenamountofmaterial.Eventhoughthebenefitsofrecyclingoverdisposalarevarious,individualsshouldkeepinmindthatitbetterservestheenvironmenttoreduceandreusematerialsbeforerecyclingevenbecomesanoption.（1）JohnTierneythoughtthatrecycling___________.A.isawasteofmoneyB.leadstoalackofemployersC.isbeneficialtotheenvironmentD.willbecomepopularinthefuture（2）What'sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword"eliminated"inParagraph3?A.Required.B.Forgot.C.Encouraged.D.Cancelled.（3）Whatdoesthelastparagraphimply?A.Weshouldmakerecyclinganoption.B.Publicrecyclingprogramsareinabadsituation.C.Weshoulddeveloptheawarenessofresourcesaving.D.Cost-savingshouldbeconsideredfirstinrecyclingwork.（4）Whatcanbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.TheharmofrecyclingB.Isrecyclingreallybeneficial?C.TherecyclingworkinNewYorkCityD.Isenvironmentalprotectionmakingprogress?【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）C（4）B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，自從1996年作家JohnTierney說“回收是垃圾”時(shí)，關(guān)于垃圾回收的好處的討論就沒有停止過。有人認(rèn)為回收是現(xiàn)代美國最浪費(fèi)的活動(dòng)，而一些環(huán)境小組還詳細(xì)列出了回收的好處，但是一些早期的回收項(xiàng)目也漸漸暴露出了問題。（1）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第一段中的“RecyclingmaybethemostwastefulactivityinmodernAmerica.”回收可能是現(xiàn)代美國最浪費(fèi)的一項(xiàng)活動(dòng)，可知，他認(rèn)為回收是浪費(fèi)錢的。故選A。（2）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第三段中的“AccordingtotheMayor,thebenefitsofrecyclingplasticandglasswereoutweighedbytheprice—-recyclingcosttwiceasmuchasdisposal.”根據(jù)市長所言，回收塑料和玻璃在價(jià)格方面超標(biāo)了---回收的費(fèi)用是處理費(fèi)用的兩倍，可推知，紐約取消了回收塑料和玻璃。所以根據(jù)上下文的語境可以判斷出，劃線詞的意思為“取消”。故選D。（3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Eventhoughthebenefitsofrecyclingoverdisposalarevarious,individualsshouldkeepinmindthatitbetterservestheenvironmenttoreduceandreusematerialsbeforerecyclingevenbecomesanoption.”盡管回收比處理的好處有很多，大家應(yīng)該記住，在回收成為一個(gè)選擇之前，減少垃圾和反復(fù)利用物品對(duì)環(huán)境是更有利的。，可推知，作者是想提醒大家要有資源節(jié)約的意識(shí)。故選C。（4）考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段中的“Debatesoverthebenefitsofrecyclingstartedin1996whenawritercalledJohnTierneysaid‘recyclingisgarbage’.”自從1996年作家JohnTierney說“回收是垃圾”時(shí)，關(guān)于垃圾回收的好處的討論就開始了。可知，故選B?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)，推理判斷和主旨大意四個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇環(huán)保類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。7．閱讀理解

Anewstudysuggestsalinkbetweenexposuretogreeneryandreduceddesiresforalcoholcigaretteandjunkfood.

Thestudyisthefirsttoinvestigatethepossiblerelationshipsbetweenexposuretonatureanddesiresandnegativeemotions.ResearchersattheUniversityofPlymouth'sSchoolofPsychologysurveyed149respondents(應(yīng)答者)aged21o65abouttheproportion(比例)ofgreenspaceintheirneighborhood,thepresenceofgreenviewsfromtheirhome,theiraccesstoagardenandhowoftentheyusepublicgreenspace.Thestudyalsoaskedquestionsaboutexperienceswithdepressionandanxiety,aswellasdesiresforthingslikecaffeine,alcoholandnicotine.Participantsratedtheintensity(強(qiáng)度),imagery,andintrusiveness(侵?jǐn)_性)oftheirdesiresonan11-pointscale.

Researchersfoundthepresenceofvisiblegreenspacecontributedtodecreaseddesiresforjunkfood.Theeffectwasparticularlynoticeablewhenmorethan25percentofarespondent'sviewwasgreenery.

Previousscholarship(學(xué)術(shù)研究)hasdealtmostlywithexerciseinnature:A2015studyoutoftheUniversityofMichiganfound90-minutegroupnaturewalkswereeffectiveatcombattingdepressionandrelievingothermooddisorders.Butforpeoplewhostrugglewithaccessibilityordon'thavetimefora90-minutewalk,thisnewstudysuggestsjustlookingoutawindowatatreecanhelpfightoffabadhabit.

"Ithasbeenknownforsometimethatbeingoutdoorsinnatureislinkedtoaperson'swell-being,"leadauthorLeanneMartinsaidinastatement."Butfortheretobeasimilarassociationwithdesiresfromsimplybeingabletoseegreenspaceaddsanewdimensiontothepreviousresearch."

A2018studyfromDenmark'sAarhusUniversityforexample,foundthat.Havingaccesstogreenspacethroughoutchildhooddecreasedaperson'sriskofdevelopingmentalhealthproblemsasanadult.（1）Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Theresultsofthenewstudy.B.Thepurposeofthenewstudy.C.Thesignificanceofthenewstudy.D.Thecontentofthenewstudy.（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"combatting"inparagraph4probablymean?A.Reducing.B.Developing.C.Understanding.D.Encouraging（3）Accordingtothepassage,thenewstudy_____.A.mainlyreferredtoexerciseinnatureB.hasenrichedthepreviousresearchtosomedegreeC.wascarriedoutbytheUniversityofMichiganD.foundexposuretogreeneryhelpedcurementalproblems（4）nwhichsectionofanewspapermaythispassageappear?A.EntertainmentB.BusinessWorldC.Tech&ScienceD.Environment【答案】（1）D（2）A（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了一項(xiàng)新的研究成果---多看綠色植物和吃垃圾食品這兩者看似風(fēng)馬牛不相及，可研究結(jié)構(gòu)卻表明它們之間存在著一種奇妙的關(guān)系：多看綠色植物能幫助人們克制吃垃圾食品的欲望。（1）考查段落大意。根據(jù)第二段中的

“Researchers…surveyed149respondentsaged21o65abouttheproportionofgreenspaceintheirneighborhood…”研究人員調(diào)查了年齡在21~65歲之間的149名參與者小區(qū)內(nèi)的綠植比例……；以及“Thestudyalsoaskedquestionsaboutexperienceswithdepressionandanxiety…”研究中還問了與抑郁及焦慮有關(guān)的問題……等可知，第二段主要介紹了新研究的調(diào)查內(nèi)容，故選D。（2）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，在大自然中散步對(duì)人體有各種各樣的好處，再結(jié)合句中出現(xiàn)的“relievingothermooddisorders(緩解其他情緒紊亂)”不難推斷出，combattingdepression應(yīng)表示“減輕抑郁”。故選A。（3）考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“…addsanewdimension(方面)tothepreviousresearch”為以前的研究增加了新的方面，可知，新的研究在某種程度上豐富了之前的研究成果。故選B。（4）考查推理判斷?？v觀全文可知，本文介紹了一項(xiàng)科學(xué)研究的研究成果，所以該文章最有可能出現(xiàn)在“技術(shù)與科學(xué)”版塊。故選C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測(cè)，推理判斷和段落大意四個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。8．閱讀理解WISHYOUWEREMORECREATIVE?

Iwanttoaskyouafavor.Ihaveapairofpants.Tellme:HowmanydifferentwayscanIputapairofpantstouse?Nowimagineyou'reanarchitect.Samequestion.Nowimagineyou'reBillGates.Ascubadiver.Amedievalknight.Youstillhavethepants.Whatalternativeusescometomind?

Whatyoujustpracticed--theconsciousactof"wearing"anotherself-isanexercisethat,accordingtopsychiatristSriniPillay,MD,isessentialtobeingcreative.

Onegreatirony(諷刺)aboutourcollectiveaddictiontocreativityisthatwetendtoframeitinuncreativeways.Thatistosay,mostofusmarrycreativitytoourconceptofself:Eitherwe're"creative"orwearen't,withoutmuchofamiddleground."I'mjustnotacreativeperson!"adiscouragedstudentmightsayinartclass,whileanothermightblamehertalentatpaintingforherdifficultiesinmath,makingacomment"I'mveryright-brained."

Dr.Pillay,anassistantprofessoratHarvardUniversity,hasspentyearsoverturningtheseideas.Hebelievesthatthekeytounlockingyourcreativepotentialistochallengethestereotyped(陳詞濫調(diào)的)advicethaturgesyouto"believeinyourself."Infact,youshoulddotheopposite:Believeyouaresomeoneelse.

Hepointstoastudyshowingtheimpactofstereotypeonone'sbehavior.Theauthors,psychologistsDenisDumasandKevinDunbar,dividedtheircollegestudentsubjectsintotwogroups,instructingonegrouptothinkofthemselvesas"eccentricpoets"andtheothertoimaginetheywere"rigidlibrarians".Theresearchersthenpresentedthemallwitho