人教版(2019)必修1Unit4NaturalDisasters同步詞匯筆記序號單詞或短語音標詞性意思派生詞核心考點經典例句1disaster/d??zɑ:st?(r)/noun災難；災害disastrousadj.災難性的N/ATheearthquakewasoneoftheworstdisastersinhistory.這場地震是歷史上最嚴重的災難之一。2tornado/t?:?ne?d??/noun(pl.oesoros)龍卷風；旋風N/AN/AAtornadosweptthroughthetown,destroyingmanyhouses.一場龍卷風席卷了小鎮(zhèn)，摧毀了許多房屋。3drought/dra?t/noun旱災；久旱N/Asufferfromdrought遭受旱災Theareahasbeenhitbydroughtfortwoyears.這個地區(qū)已遭受兩年旱災。4landslide/?l?ndsla?d/noun（山地或懸崖的）崩塌；滑坡slidevi.&vt.（使）滑行；滑動（單獨列出）N/AHeavyraintriggeredalandslideinthemountainvillage.暴雨引發(fā)了山村的滑坡。5slide/sla?d/vi.&vt.（使）滑行；滑動slidingadj.滑動的slideinto滑入；slideover略過Thechildsliddowntheicecoveredpath.孩子從結冰的小路上滑了下去。6tsunami/tsu:?nɑ:mi/noun海嘯N/AN/AThetsunamicausedhugelossestocoastalcities.海嘯給沿海城市造成了巨大損失。7flood/fl?d/noun/vi./vt.洪水；大量；淹沒；大量涌入；使灌滿水；淹沒floodingn.洪水floodinto涌入；befloodedwith充滿Afterthestorm,waterfloodedintothebasement.暴風雨后，水涌入了地下室。8volcaniceruption/v?l?k?n?k??r?p?n/phrase火山噴發(fā)volcanon.火山；eruptvi.&vt.（火山）爆發(fā)（均單獨列出）N/AThevolcaniceruptionsentashhighintothesky.火山噴發(fā)將火山灰噴向高空。9magnitude/?m?gn?tju:d/noun（地）震級；重大magnifyvt.放大earthquakemagnitude震級Theearthquakehadamagnitudeof6.5.這次地震震級為6.5級。10rescue/?reskju:/noun/vt.營救；救援rescuern.救援者rescuesbfrom從……營救某人Firefightersrescuedthreepeoplefromtheburningbuilding.消防員從著火的大樓里救出了三個人。11damage/?d?m?d?/vt./n.損害；破壞；損壞；損失damagingadj.有破壞性的dodamageto對……造成損害Thestormdidseriousdamagetothecrops.暴風雨對莊稼造成了嚴重損害。12destroy/d?'str??/vt.摧毀；毀滅destructionn.破壞；destructiveadj.破壞性的N/AThewardestroyedalmostallthehistoricbuildings.戰(zhàn)爭幾乎摧毀了所有的歷史建筑。13evacuate/??v?kjue?t/vt./vi.疏散；撤出；撤離evacuationn.疏散evacuatefrom從……撤離Residentswereorderedtoevacuatefromthefloodzone.居民被命令從洪水區(qū)撤離。14helicopter/?hel?k?pt?(r)/noun直升機N/Abyhelicopter乘直升機Ahelicopterwasusedtotransporttheinjured.一架直升機被用來運送傷員。15death/deθ/noun死；死亡deadadj.死的；dievi.死亡deathrate死亡率Theaccidentresultedintwodeaths.這起事故導致兩人死亡。16affect/?'fekt/vt.影響；（疾?。┣忠u；深深打動effectn.影響（單獨列出）；affectionn.喜愛beaffectedby受……影響Thenewpolicywillaffectallcitizens.新政策將影響所有公民。17shelter/'?elt?(r)/noun/vt./vi.避難處；居所；庇護；保護；掩蔽；躲避（風、雨或危險）shelteredadj.受保護的takeshelter躲避；shelterfrom躲避……Theyfoundshelterfromtheraininanoldtemple.他們在一座古廟里避雨。18crack/kr?k/noun/vi./vt.裂紋；裂縫；（使）破裂crackedadj.有裂紋的crackdownon鎮(zhèn)壓；crackup崩潰Thewallcrackedunderthepressure.墻在壓力下裂開了。19asif/?z?f/phrase似乎；好像；仿佛N/Aasif引導從句（虛擬語氣，與事實相反時用過去時）Helookedasifhehadseenaghost.他看起來好像見了鬼似的。20ruin/'ru:?n/noun/vt.破壞；毀壞ruinedadj.毀壞的N/A（inruins單獨列為短語）Thefireruinedhisplansforthefuture.大火毀了他對未來的計劃。21inruins/?n?ru:?nz/phrase嚴重受損；破敗不堪N/AN/ATheancientcitylayinruinsafterthewar.戰(zhàn)后這座古城破敗不堪。22percent/p??sent/noun/adj./adv.百分之……；每一百種percentagen.百分比數字+percent百分之……（如30percent）Sixtypercentofstudentssupportthenewrule.60%的學生支持新規(guī)定。23brick/br?k/noun磚；磚塊brickworkn.磚結構N/AThehouseisbuiltofredbricks.這房子是用紅磚砌的。24metal/'metl/noun金屬metallicadj.金屬的N/AThemachinepartsaremadeofheavymetal.機器零件是用重金屬做的。25shock/??k/noun/vt.震驚；令人震驚的事；休克；（使）震驚shockingadj.令人震驚的；shockedadj.感到震驚的N/A（inshock單獨列為短語）Thenewsoftheaccidentshockedusall.事故的消息令我們所有人震驚。26inshock/?n??k/phrase震驚；吃驚N/AN/ASheremainedinshockforhoursafterhearingthenews.聽到消息后，她震驚了好幾個小時。27electricity/??lek?tr?s?ti/noun電；電能electricadj.電的；electricaladj.與電有關的supplyofelectricity電力供應；electricityfailure停電Thestormcausedalossofelectricityinthearea.暴風雨導致該地區(qū)停電。28trap/tr?p/vt./n.使落入險境；使陷入圈套；險境；陷阱trappedadj.被困的betrappedin被困在……Manyminersweretrappedundergroundaftertheexplosion.爆炸后許多礦工被困在地下。29bury/?beri/vt.埋葬；安葬burialn.埋葬buryoneselfin埋頭于……Theyburiedthesoldierwithfullhonors.他們以最高禮遇安葬了這位士兵。30breathe/bri:e/vi./vt.呼吸breathn.呼吸；breathlessadj.氣喘吁吁的breathein吸入；breatheout呼出It'sdifficulttobreatheinthepollutedair.在污染的空氣中呼吸很困難。31revive/r??va?v/vt./vi.復活；（使）蘇醒revivaln.振興；復蘇（單獨列出）revivesbfrom使某人從……中蘇醒Thedoctortriedtorevivethedrowningchild.醫(yī)生試圖使溺水的孩子蘇醒。32revival/r??va?vl/noun振興；復蘇N/Aeconomicrevival經濟復蘇Thecountryishopingforaneconomicrevival.這個國家期待經濟復蘇。33effort/'ef?t/noun努力；艱難的嘗試；盡力effortlessadj.不費力的makeaneffort努力；sparenoeffort不遺余力Hemadeeveryefforttofinishthetaskontime.他盡一切努力按時完成任務。34unify/?ju:n?fa?/vi./vt.統(tǒng)一；（使）成一體unificationn.統(tǒng)一；unitedadj.統(tǒng)一的o把……統(tǒng)一成……Thetwocountriesdecidedtounifytheircurrency.兩國決定統(tǒng)一貨幣。35wisdom/?w?zd?m/noun智慧；才智wiseadj.明智的of...isdomof...……的智慧Weshouldlearnfromthewisdomofourancestors.我們應該學習祖先的智慧。36context/?k?ntekst/noun上下文；語境；背景contextualadj.上下文的incontext在上下文中Youneedtounderstandthewordinitscontext.你需要結合上下文理解這個詞。37suffer/?s?f?/vt./vi.遭受；蒙受；（因疾病、痛苦等）受苦sufferingn.痛苦；sufferern.受害者sufferfrom遭受；患（病）Shehasbeensufferingfromaheadacheallday.她一整天都在頭痛。38volcano/v?l?ke?n??/noun(pl.oesoros)火山volcanicadj.火山的（如volcaniceruption）activevolcano活火山Thevolcanoeruptedforthefirsttimein50years.這座火山50年來首次噴發(fā)。39erupt/??r?pt/vi./vt.（火山）爆發(fā)；（巖漿、煙等）噴出eruptionn.爆發(fā)（如volcaniceruption）eruptinto突然爆發(fā)（情緒等）Lavaeruptedfromthevolcano.熔巖從火山中噴出。40supply/s??pla?/noun/vt.供應（量）；補給；[pl.]補給品；供應；供給suppliern.供應商supplysbwithsth向某人提供某物；supplysthtosb把某物提供給某人Thefarmsuppliesvegetablestothelocalmarket.這家農場向當地市場供應蔬菜。41typhoon/ta??fu:n/noun臺風N/AN/AAstrongtyphoonisexpectedtohitthecoasttomorrow.預計明天一場強臺風將襲擊海岸。42intheopenair/?nei???p?ne?(r)/phrase露天；在戶外N/AN/AWeoftenhavedinnerintheopenairinsummer.夏天我們經常在戶外吃晚飯。43hurricane/?h?r?k?n/noun（尤指大西洋的）颶風N/AN/AThehurricanecausedwidespreaddamagealongthecoast.颶風在沿海地區(qū)造成了廣泛破壞。44survive/s??va?v/vi./vt.生存；存活；幸存；艱難度過survivaln.生存；survivorn.幸存者survivefrom從……存活下來；surviveon靠……生存Onlyafewplantscansurviveinthedesert.只有少數植物能在沙漠中存活。45power/?pa??(r)/noun電力供應；力量；控制力powerfuladj.強有力的powerfailure停電；inpower掌權Thestormcutoffpowertothousandsofhomes.暴風雨切斷了數千家庭的電力供應。46tap/t?p/vi./vt./n.輕叩；輕敲；輕拍；水龍頭；輕叩；輕敲tappingn.輕敲tapon輕敲……Hetappedhisfoottothemusic.他隨著音樂輕拍腳。47pipe/pa?p/noun管子；管道pipelinen.管道（系統(tǒng)）N/AWaterflowsthroughthepipestoourhomes.水通過管道流到我們家。48whistle/?w?sl/vi./vt./n.吹口哨；發(fā)出笛聲；吹口哨；哨子（聲）；呼嘯聲whistlern.吹口哨的人whistlefor渴望（得不到的東西）Therefereewhistledtostartthegame.裁判吹哨宣布比賽開始。49emergency/i?m?:d??nsi/noun突發(fā)事件；緊急情況emergentadj.緊急的inanemergency在緊急情況下；emergencycall緊急呼叫Keepafirstaidkitforemergencies.準備一個急救箱以備緊急情況。50calm/kɑ:m/adj./vt.鎮(zhèn)靜的；沉著的；使平靜；使鎮(zhèn)靜calmlyadv.鎮(zhèn)靜地；calmnessn.平靜staycalm保持鎮(zhèn)靜；calmdown平靜下來It'simportanttostaycalmduringanearthquake.地震時保持鎮(zhèn)靜很重要。51aid/e?d/noun/vi./vt.援助；幫助；救援物資；（正式）幫助；援助aidworker救援人員firstaid急救；withtheaidof在……的幫助下TheRedCrosssentaidtothedisasterarea.紅十字會向災區(qū)運送了救援物資。52kit/k?t/noun成套工具；成套設備N/A（firstaidkit單獨列為短語）N/AHeboughtacampingkitforthetrip.他為旅行買了一套露營裝備。53firstaidkit/f??ste?dk?t/phrase急救箱N/AN/AEveryclassroomshouldhaveafirstaidkit.每個教室都應該有一個急救箱。54onhand/?nh?nd/phrase現有（尤指幫助）N/AN/AWehaveenoughfoodandwateronhandforthestorm.我們現有足夠的食物和水應對暴風雨。55crash/kr??/vt./vi./n.碰撞；撞擊；撞車；碰撞crashlanding緊急著陸crashinto撞上……Thecarcrashedintoatreeandcaughtfire.汽車撞上一棵樹并起火了。56sweep/swi:p/vt./vi.(swept)打掃；清掃sweepern.清潔工；sweepingadj.徹底的N/A（sweepaway單獨列為短語）Shesweptthefloorbeforeguestsarrived.客人到達前她掃了地。57sweepaway/swi:p??we?/phrase消滅；徹底消除N/AN/AThefloodsweptawayallthesmallhousesinthevillage.洪水沖毀了村里所有的小房子。58wave/we?v/noun/vi./vt.海浪；波