2025年考研英語（一）閱讀理解長難句專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練卷考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______第一部分閱讀理解Directions:Beloweachofthefollowingsentences,therearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Choosetheonethatbestexplainstheunderlinedpartormakesthesentenceclosestinmeaningtotheoriginalsentence.1.Theeconomicpoliciesimplementedduringthecrisisweredesignedtorestoreconfidenceamonginvestors,whichmanyarguewassorelyneededbutfailedtoachieveitsintendedeffect.A)Thepolicieswerecreatedtomakeinvestorstrusttheeconomyagain,andsomepeoplebelievethistrustwasbadlywantedbutdidn'tworkasplanned.B)Althoughthepoliciesaimedatregaininginvestorconfidence,whichwasindeeddesperatelyrequired,theyultimatelyfellshortoftheirgoals.C)Manycriticscontendthattheconfidenceinvestorsdesperatelyneededwasnotrestoredbytheeconomicmeasurestakenduringthecrisis.D)Theintendedoutcomeofthecrisis-eraeconomicpolicieswastorebuildinvestorconfidence,anecessitythatwasacknowledgedbutnotmet.2.Despitetheoverwhelmingevidencetothecontrary,hetenaciouslymaintainedhisoriginalposition,seeminglyimpervioustothelogicalargumentspresentedbyothers.A)Herefusedtochangehisplans,eventhoughmanyfactsshowedhewaswrong.B)Hisstubbornadherencetohisinitialstance,regardlessofcompellingproofagainstit,indicatedhewasnotswayedbylogicalreasoningfromothers.C)Althoughpresentedwithsoundarguments,hepersistentlyclungtohisfirst觀點(diǎn),actingasifhecouldn'tbeinfluencedbyfacts.D)Theevidencestronglysuggestedhewasmistaken,buthestillstubbornlydefendedhisoriginalpositionwithoutconsideringothers'logicalpoints.3.Thenovel,characterizedbyitsintricateplotandcomplexcharacters,presentsachallengingyetrewardingreadingexperienceforthosewhoappreciatenuancedstorytelling.A)Thebook,knownforitscomplicatedstorylineandwell-developedcharacters,offersasatisfyingreadingjourneyforindividualswhoenjoysubtleandthoughtfulnarrativetechniques.B)Becausethenovelhasacomplicatedplotandcomplexcharacters,itisdifficulttoreadbutprovidessomebenefittopeoplewholikestorieswithmanydetails.C)Readerswhoenjoysophisticatedstorieswillfindthebook,withitsintricateplotandcomplexcharacters,bothdemandingandultimatelysatisfying.D)Thenovel'schallengingnature,markedbyacomplexplotandcharacters,makesitarewardingexperienceprimarilyforthosewhoappreciatesimplenarratives.4.Itiswidelyacknowledgedthatregularphysicalactivitycontributessignificantlytolong-termhealthandwell-being,abenefitthattranscendsageandphysicalcondition.A)Mostpeopleagreethatengaginginphysicalexerciseoftenleadstobetterhealthovertime,andthisadvantageappliestoindividualsofallagesandfitnesslevels.B)Engaginginphysicalactivityonaregularbasisisknowntogreatlyenhanceone'shealthandhappinessinthelongrun,benefitingpeopleregardlessofhowoldtheyareorhowfittheyare.C)Whiletheextentmayvary,physicalactivityisgenerallyconsideredbeneficialforlong-termhealthandwell-being,independentofanindividual'sageorphysicalcapabilities.D)Long-termhealthandwell-beingarecloselylinkedtoregularphysicalactivity,apositiveeffectthatisnotlimitedbyageorphysicalstate.5.Thediscoveryofthisancientartifact,whichprovidescrucialinsightsintothecivilization'ssocialstructure,haschallengedpreviousassumptionsandreshapedourunderstandingoftheirwayoflife.A)Foundingthisveryoldobjecthasofferedimportantinformationaboutthesocietyofthatpeople,causingustoquestionoldideasandchangehowweseetheirlifestyle.B)Thisancientitem'sfindinggiveskeyunderstandingaboutthesocialsystemofthecivilization,makingusdoubtformerbeliefsandalterourperceptionoftheirlivinghabits.C)Withitsabilitytochallengeestablishedviews,thenewlydiscoveredancientartifactoffersvitalcluesaboutthesocialorganizationofthecivilization,changingourcomprehensionoftheirculture.D)Thesocialstructureofthecivilization,previouslypoorlyunderstood,isnowbetterknownthankstotheancientartifact'sdiscovery,whichhasalsoforcedustoreconsiderearlierassumptions.6.Thenegotiations,whichhadbeenfraughtwithtensionandseemedtobeheadingtowardsadeadlock,ultimatelybrokedown,leavingbothpartiesdisappointedwiththeoutcome.A)Thetalks,filledwithstressandappearingasiftheywouldnotreachanagreement,failedcompletely,resultinginbothsidesbeingunhappywiththeresult.B)Althoughthediscussionsinvolvedconsiderabletensionandriskednoresolution,theyultimatelyendedinfailure,causingdissatisfactionforbothsidesinvolved.C)Markedbyconstanttensionandthethreatofimpasse,thenegotiationscouldnotproceedfurther,leadingtodisappointmentonbothsidesregardingthefinalresult.D)Bothsidesinvolvedwereleftdisappointedbecausethenegotiations,whichweredifficultandseemedstuck,ultimatelyfailedtoproduceasuccessfulagreement.7.Herresilienceinthefaceofadversity,oftendemonstratedthroughherquietdeterminationandunwaveringfocus,servedasaninspirationtothosearoundher.A)Herabilitytocopewellwithdifficultsituations,frequentlyshownbyhersteadywillandconstantattentiontohergoals,motivatedthepeoplenearby.B)Thewayshehandledhardship,oftenseeninherlackofgivingupandherfixedattention,showedothershowtobestrongandwasmotivating.C)Byconsistentlyshowingquietpersistenceandastrongconcentrationdespitedifficulties,shebecamearolemodelforthosearoundher.D)Herquietpersistenceandstrongfocuswhenfacingproblemsnotonlyhelpedherbutalsoencouragedothersnearby.8.Therapidadvancementsinartificialintelligenceareraisingprofoundethicalquestionsregardingthefutureofwork,privacy,andhumanagency,promptingcallsforgreaterregulationandoversight.A)ThequickprogressinAItechnologyiscausingdeepmoralconcernsaboutemployment,privacy,andpeople'sabilitytoactontheirown,leadingtodemandsformorerulesandsupervision.B)AsAIdevelopsswiftly,significantethicaldilemmasareemergingconcerningjobs,personaldataprotection,andindividualautonomy,encouragingcallsforstrictergovernmentcontrol.C)Theswiftdevelopmentofartificialintelligenceisprovokingseriousdebatesabouthowitwillaffectwork,privacy,andpeople'sfreedomtomakechoices,resultingincallsformoregovernmentintervention.D)ConcernsarebeingraisedaboutthefutureimpactofrapidlyadvancingAIonvariousaspectsoflife,suchaswork,privacy,andhumancontrol,whichnecessitatesmoreregulation.第二部分閱讀理解Directions:Thefollowingpassageismadeupofseveralparagraphs.Foreachparagraph,thereisonecorrespondingquestionorunfinishedstatement.ReadthepassagecarefullyandchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ArecentstudypublishedintheJournalofEnvironmentalSciencehasshednewlightonthecomplexrelationshipbetweenurbanizationandlocalbiodiversity.Conductedoveraspanoftenyearsinarapidlydevelopingmetropolitanarea,theresearchmonitoredchangesinplantandanimalspeciespopulationsacrossvariouslandusetypes,includingresidentialzones,parks,industrialareas,andagriculturallandthathadbeenconvertedforurbandevelopment.Thefindingsrevealanuancedpicture,challengingthecommonassumptionthaturbanizationinevitablyleadstoauniformdeclineinbiodiversityacrossallenvironments.Whatstandsoutmostprominentlyfromthestudyisthedifferentialimpactofurbanizationondifferentspeciesandhabitats.Whilesomegeneralistspecies,thosecapableofadaptingtovariousenvironments,showedlittledeclineandevenexperiencedpopulationgrowthincertainurbanniches,specialistspecies,whichrelyonveryspecificconditions,sufferedsignificantlosses.Forinstance,birdspeciesrequiringlarge,contiguoustractsofforestfornestingsawtheirpopulationsdropsharplyasthesehabitatswerefragmentedbynewconstructions.Similarly,pollinatorspecies,crucialforthehealthofurbangreenspaces,experiencedadecline,particularlyinareasdominatedbyimpervioussurfaceslikeconcreteandasphalt.Interestingly,thestudyalsoidentified"urbanislandsofbiodiversity"withinthemetropolitanarea.Thesewereprimarilyfoundinwell-maintainedpublicparks,greencorridorsconnectingnaturalreserves,andevensomerooftopgardens.Theseareas,oftenmanagedwithnativespeciesandminimaluseofpesticides,supportedrelativelyhighlevelsofbiodiversity,includingseveralendangeredorthreatenedspecies.Theparksactednotjustasrecreationalspacesforhumansbutalsoascriticalrefugesandbreedinggroundsforwildlife,highlightingthepotentialforurbanplanningtomitigatenegativebiodiversityimpacts.Theresearchfurtherexaminedtheroleofhumanactivityinshapingthesebiodiversitypatterns.Whilefactorslikehabitatlossandfragmentationwereprimarydriversofspeciesdecline,thestudyalsohighlightedtheimportanceofhumanstewardship.Community-ledconservationefforts,suchascitizenscienceprogramsformonitoringlocalspeciesandcommunitygardeninginitiativesfocusedonnativeplants,werefoundtohaveapositivecorrelationwithbiodiversitylevelsincertainareas.Thissuggeststhatproactivehumaninvolvementcansignificantlyenhanceurbanbiodiversity,potentiallyevenrestoringpopulationsofsomedecliningspecies.However,thestudycautionsagainstoversimplifyingthesolutions.Dr.ElenaRodriguez,theleadresearcher,emphasizedthatsimplycreatingmoregreenspacesisinsufficientiftheseareasareisolatedfromeachotherorfailtosupportthespecificneedsoflocalfloraandfauna."Urbanbiodiversityrecoveryrequiresamoreholisticapproach,"shestatedinaninterview."Thisincludesintegratinggreenspacesintotheurbanfabricinawaythatconnectsnaturalareas,promotesnativespecies,andinvolvesthecommunityinlong-termmanagement."Thefindingsthuscallforashiftinurbanplanningparadigms,movingbeyondviewingnatureasanexternalentitytorecognizingitasanintegralcomponentofsustainableurbandevelopment.9.Whatisthemainfocusofthestudydescribedinthepassage?10.Accordingtothepassage,howdidurbanizationaffectdifferenttypesofspeciesmentionedinthestudy?11.Whatdoestheterm"urbanislandsofbiodiversity"refertointhecontextofthepassage?12.Whatroledidcommunityinvolvementplayinthebiodiversitypatternsobservedbytheresearchers?13.BasedonDr.Rodriguez'sstatement,whatkeyaspectismissingfromcurrentapproachestocreatinggreenspacesincitiesfromabiodiversityperspective?---試卷答案1.A解析思路：選項(xiàng)A準(zhǔn)確傳達(dá)了原句中“designedtorestoreconfidence”旨在重建信心的目的，“sorelyneeded”體現(xiàn)“badlywanted”，“failedtoachieveitsintendedeffect”對(duì)應(yīng)“didn'tworkasplanned”，整體意思最貼合原文。2.B解析思路：選項(xiàng)B抓住了“overwhelmingevidencetothecontrary”表明事實(shí)與相反，“tenaciouslymaintainedhisoriginalposition”體現(xiàn)“refusedtochange”，“impervioustothelogicalarguments”對(duì)應(yīng)“notswayedbylogicalreasoning”，完整表達(dá)了原句邏輯和含義。3.A解析思路：選項(xiàng)A將“characterizedby”譯為“knownfor”，“intricateplotandcomplexcharacters”譯為“complicatedstorylineandwell-developedcharacters”，“challengingyetrewardingreadingexperience”譯為“satisfyingreadingjourney”，“appreciatenuancedstorytelling”譯為“enjoysubtleandthoughtfulnarrativetechniques”，準(zhǔn)確傳達(dá)了原文對(duì)小說特點(diǎn)和閱讀感受的描述。4.B解析思路：選項(xiàng)B全面概括了原句“widelyacknowledged”的普遍認(rèn)同，“regularphysicalactivity”對(duì)應(yīng)“engaginginphysicalexercise”，“contributessignificantly”對(duì)應(yīng)“greatlyenhance”，“l(fā)ong-termhealthandwell-being”對(duì)應(yīng)“healthandhappinessinthelongrun”，“transcendsageandphysicalcondition”對(duì)應(yīng)“benefitingpeopleregardlessofhowoldtheyareorhowfittheyare”，意思最為接近。5.A解析思路：選項(xiàng)A將“crucialinsightsintothecivilization'ssocialstructure”譯為“importantinformationaboutthesociety...socialsystem”，“challengedpreviousassumptionsandreshapedourunderstanding”譯為“causingustoquestionoldideasandchangehowweseetheirlifestyle”，準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)了發(fā)現(xiàn)文物帶來的信息價(jià)值以及對(duì)既有認(rèn)知的沖擊。6.A解析思路：選項(xiàng)A準(zhǔn)確翻譯了“frughtwithtensionandseemedtobeheadingtowardsadeadlock”的緊張和僵局狀態(tài)，“ultimatelybrokedown”對(duì)應(yīng)“failedcompletely”，“l(fā)eavingbothpartiesdisappointedwiththeoutcome”對(duì)應(yīng)“resultinginbothsidesbeingunhappywiththeresult”，意思一致。7.A解析思路：選項(xiàng)A將“resilienceinthefaceofadversity”譯為“abilitytocopewellwithdifficultsituations”，“quietdeterminationandunwaveringfocus”譯為“steadywillandconstantattentiontohergoals”，“servedasaninspirationtothosearoundher”譯為“motivatedthepeoplenearby”，準(zhǔn)確傳達(dá)了其在逆境中展現(xiàn)出的品質(zhì)及其對(duì)他人的激勵(lì)作用。8.