專題一

閱讀理解

閱讀是我國(guó)考生學(xué)習(xí)和使用外語(yǔ)最主要的途徑，因此，閱讀理解在試卷中所占比重較大。

該部分要求考生讀懂熟悉的有關(guān)日常生活話題的簡(jiǎn)短文字材料，例如：公告、說(shuō)明，廣告以

及書、報(bào)、雜志中關(guān)于一般性話題的簡(jiǎn)短文章?？忌鷳?yīng)能：1.理解主旨要義；2.理解文中具體

信息：3.根據(jù)上下文推斷單詞和短語(yǔ)的含義；4.根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容做出判斷和理解；5.理清文章的

基本結(jié)構(gòu)；6.理解作者的意圖、觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度。

a考情分析

題目類型

年份卷別體裁細(xì)節(jié)推理詞句主旨命題專家談高考

理解判斷猜測(cè)大意

應(yīng)用文?夾敘夾議文1.文章題材豐富

全國(guó)乙卷7611

說(shuō)明文?說(shuō)明文英語(yǔ)試卷中所有

應(yīng)用文?說(shuō)明文語(yǔ)篇都圍繞“人

2022全國(guó)甲卷9213

記敘文?夾敘夾議文與自我”“人與

新高考應(yīng)用文?說(shuō)明文社會(huì)”以及“人

6711

全國(guó)I卷說(shuō)明文?說(shuō)明文與自然”三大主

應(yīng)用文?說(shuō)明文題語(yǔ)境，題材涉及

全國(guó)乙卷7512

記敘文?說(shuō)明文故事、科普、人文、

說(shuō)明文?說(shuō)明文社會(huì)現(xiàn)象、文化活

2021全國(guó)甲卷6612

記敘文?議論文動(dòng)等。

新高考應(yīng)用文?記敘文2.短文體裁廣泛

9312

全國(guó)I卷說(shuō)明文?議論文短文體裁包括記

應(yīng)用文?夾敘夾議文敘文、說(shuō)明文、議

全國(guó)I卷7512

說(shuō)明文?說(shuō)明文論文、應(yīng)用文和新

應(yīng)用文?說(shuō)明文聞報(bào)道等。

全國(guó)n卷10122

2020說(shuō)明文?記敘文3.題型分布不均

應(yīng)用文?記敘文近3年全國(guó)卷高考

全國(guó)in卷8313

說(shuō)明文?說(shuō)明文閱讀理解以突出

新高考應(yīng)用文?記敘文6522考查考生理解和

全國(guó)I卷說(shuō)明文?說(shuō)明文運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言解決問(wèn)

題的基本能力。以

考查細(xì)節(jié)理解、推

理判斷為主，以考

查詞句猜測(cè)、主旨

大意為輔。

4.語(yǔ)篇特點(diǎn)鮮明

(1)原汁原味：高考

語(yǔ)篇一般選自各

大主流英文報(bào)刊

和媒體網(wǎng)站，新材

料盡量原汁原味。

(2)詞匯量大:高考

語(yǔ)篇詞匯最豐富，

含有大量的派生

詞、詞性轉(zhuǎn)換詞、

熟詞生義詞以及

英語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)和習(xí)語(yǔ)。

(3)長(zhǎng)難句多:高考

語(yǔ)篇含有大量的

長(zhǎng)句和難句，句子

結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜。

［復(fù)習(xí)定向

根據(jù)表格分析可知，近年來(lái)閱讀理解體裁以應(yīng)用文、記敘文和說(shuō)明文為主，議論文和新

聞報(bào)道為輔，其中科普知識(shí)類和生態(tài)環(huán)保類的說(shuō)明文更是考生的難題；題型考查中細(xì)節(jié)理解

和推理判斷題所占比重較大，詞句猜測(cè)和主旨大意題所占比重較小.各類閱讀理解中的長(zhǎng)難

句日益增多，因此，在復(fù)習(xí)備考中，我們應(yīng)該著重從題型、體裁和微技能三方面進(jìn)行高效復(fù)

習(xí)。

第1講題型突破——細(xì)節(jié)理解題

題型分析

LI—__________________________________

細(xì)節(jié)理解題相對(duì)比較簡(jiǎn)單，但在高考閱讀理解中占了60%的比重。細(xì)節(jié)理解題常分為直

接信息題、間接信息題、數(shù)字計(jì)算題、細(xì)節(jié)排序題和正誤判斷題。分析近三年的高考真題可

知：直接信息題和間接信息題為高頻考點(diǎn)，其他皆為低頻考點(diǎn)。

【設(shè)問(wèn)方式】

1.特殊疑問(wèn)句形式。以when,where,what,which,who,howmuch/many等疑問(wèn)詞引出問(wèn)

題。

2.判斷是非形式。含有TRUE/FALSE,NOTtrue或EXCEPT等的判斷是非問(wèn)題。此時(shí)要注

意題干中是否含有否定詞，如nol,never等。

3.以“Accordingto...”開(kāi)頭的提問(wèn)形式。

4.填空形式。如Thebiggestchallengeformostmothersisfrom.

【選項(xiàng)特征】

同義替換

正確選項(xiàng)特征

信息歸納

正話反說(shuō)

選項(xiàng)

特征張能李戴

無(wú)中生有

干擾選項(xiàng)特征

曲解文意

顛倒是非

正拱叁半

I解題策略

i______________________________________________________________

技法一直接信息題

定位比對(duì)找答案

直接信息題常以應(yīng)用文的形式出現(xiàn)在考題中，涉及的話題有：廣告類、活動(dòng)安排類、書

籍或電影介紹類、演出信息類等。設(shè)問(wèn)方式多為以5WlH(what,who,when,where,why

和how)等開(kāi)頭的特殊疑問(wèn)句。

解此類試題常用“定位比*j”法。解題流程如下:

在題干中標(biāo)注定位詞

定

位

在原文中查找與定位詞或其近義詞相關(guān)的

比

對(duì)信息句

比對(duì)選項(xiàng)與信息旬，鎖定答案

I感悟真題?體驗(yàn)技法

（2022?全國(guó)甲B片段）

Goffinscockatoos,akindofsmallparrotnativetoAustralasia,havebeenshowntohave

similarshape-recognitionabilitiestoahumantwo-year-old.Thoughnotknowntousetoolsin(he

wild,thebirdshaveprovedskilfula(toolusewhilekeptinthecage.Inarecentexperiment,

cockatooswerepresentedwithaboxwithanutinsideit.Theclearfrontof(heboxhada

“keyhole“inageometricshape,andthebirdsweregivenfivedifferentlyshaped"keys"to

choosefrom.Insertingtheccrrect“key”wouldletoutthenut.

24.Howdidthecockatoosgetthenutfromtheboxintheexperiment?

A.Byfollowinginstructions.

B.Byusingatool.

C.Byturningtheboxaround.

D.Byremovingthelid.

答案B

解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。一讀題干，鎖定關(guān)鍵詞，即How,getthenut;二掃原文，鎖定信息區(qū)間，

即第一段中的"Thoughnotknowntousetoolsinthewild,thebirdshaveprovedskilfulattool

usewhilekeptinthecage.M才口”...thebirdsweregivenfivedifferentlyshaped'keys'tochoose

from.Insertingthecorrect'key'wouldletoutthenut.n,B項(xiàng)是對(duì)信息區(qū)間的同義描述，即

在實(shí)臉中，鳳頭鸚鵡是通過(guò)使用工具從盒子里取出堅(jiān)果的。故選B。

技法三數(shù)字計(jì)算題

——整合推算得答案

數(shù)字計(jì)算題一般會(huì)涉及時(shí)間、年齡、價(jià)錢、數(shù)量、距離等的簡(jiǎn)單計(jì)算。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，計(jì)算

量都比較小，容易計(jì)算。但是英語(yǔ)閱讀中的數(shù)字計(jì)算必須要找出計(jì)算背后所隱含的信息。這

些“暗”信息會(huì)涉及對(duì)某個(gè)難句的理解，從這個(gè)角度上講，理解文中相應(yīng)的復(fù)雜句是解這類

題的關(guān)鍵。數(shù)字計(jì)算題的話題有：1.廣告類；2.故事類；3.科普知識(shí)類；4.史地自然類；5.文

化教育類。設(shè)問(wèn)方式以when,inwhichyear,howmany/inuch等疑問(wèn)詞(組)開(kāi)頭引出問(wèn)題。

解此類試題常用“整合推算”法。解題流程如下：

讀題干，查找關(guān)鍵詞，尋讀原文,標(biāo)記數(shù)字、時(shí)

間、年代等信息

整

合分析題干沏問(wèn)數(shù)據(jù)與原文數(shù)據(jù)的邏輯關(guān)系

推

算川加減乘除進(jìn)行推算,確定答案

特殊詞匯應(yīng)注意：decade十年;fortnight兩周；

double兩倍；couple兩個(gè)；score二十;dozen十

二；off減價(jià)；discount折扣

r感悟真題?體驗(yàn)技法」

（2022?全國(guó)乙?A片段）

Admission

￡4.Childrcnunder12yearsaccompaniedbyanadultareadmittedfree.

22.Howmuchwouldacouplewithtwochildrenunder12payforadmission?

A.￡4.B.￡8.

C.￡12.D.￡16.

答案B

解析數(shù)字計(jì)算題。一讀題干尋找關(guān)鍵詞acouplewithtwochildrenunder12,二在Admission

部分中標(biāo)記￡4.Childrcnunder12yearsaccompaniedbyanadultarcadmittedfree,三用加法推

算答案，即一對(duì)夫婦應(yīng)付4+4=8（英鎊），兩個(gè)12歲以下的兒童在成人陪同下免費(fèi)，即入場(chǎng)

費(fèi)為8英鎊。故選Bo

隨堂演練

Ir__________________________________

A

Theafternoonsunshonedownonmydaughter,Syriah,13,whileIpainted.Iwatchedasthe

warmrayslitupherskin,creatingabeautifulpatlern.ButSyriahwasbornwithvitiligo,acondition

thatcausesthelossofskincolourinpatches（小塊）alloverherbody.

Althoughalotofpcop'cwithvitiligostrugglewithconfidenceissues,Syriahwasnotoneof

them,comfortablefromthemomentitstartedshowingatfeuryearsold.Itwasinspiring.Theolder

shegot,themoreshetoldmeaboutherhobbyofmodellingbutlivinginasmalltown,itwasn't

easy.

Paintinghadalwaysbeenabigpartofmylife.AlthoughIdiditforfun>peoplewerealways

askingmeifmyworkswereforsale.ThenIdecidedtogoforit,makingaFacebookpagetosellmy

crcations.Iwantedtosetupalegacy（遺產(chǎn)）formykidsandhelpbuildthemsomethingfortheir

future.

Oneday,IreceivedamessagefromawomannamedAna.Interestcd,Icontactedherandshe

explainedshewasthecreatorofLondonPacificFashionWeek,aneventwheredesignerscan

launchtheirbrandsduringLondonFashionWeek."Iwantyoutocreateafashionlineforarunway

show,“shesaid,explainingthatthey'dgettosearchfbrtheirownmodelstoo.

Suddenly,IthoughtofSyriah'smodellingambition.Whatifthiscouldgetherstarted?Soon

after,AnaconnectedwithmeonFacebookandcameacrossthephotosI'dtakenofSyriah.

“Howwouldyoufeelaboutyourdaughtermodellingintheshow?Ilovehersmilewith

confidence!”shemessaged.

"Yes!Irepliedexcitedly,"that'sherdream!"

WhenItoldmygirlthenews>shecriedwithexcitement.

Now,wecan'【waitforSyriah'sfirstmodellingperformance.Hopefullyherimagewillmake

adifferencetogirls,justlikeher,who1veneverseenpeoplelikethemrepresentedinthefashion

industry.Shc'11showeveryonethatbeautyconicsinmanyforms.

1.WhatcanwelearnaboutSyriah?

A.Sheshowedpotentialforpainting.

B.Shewasnotconfidentenough.

C.Shesufferedfromaskirdisease.

D.Shegotsickofrurallife.

答案C

解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第三句可知，Syriah天生患有白瘢風(fēng)，這種疾病導(dǎo)致全身皮

膚的顏色一塊塊地脫落，由此可知，她患有一種皮膚病，故選C。

2.Whydidtheauthorchoosetosellherpaintings?

A.Tofinanceherfuturegeneration.

B.Togainwiderecognition.

C.TobecomeaFacebookhit.

D.Todonatemoneyforthedisabled.

答案A

解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句可知，作者想為她的孩子留下一些遺產(chǎn)，并為他們

的未來(lái)準(zhǔn)備一些東西，所以選擇賣她的畫，故選A。

3.Whichofthefollowingwasnotright?

A.AnafoundedLondonPacificFashionWeek.

B.Anawantedtofindsomemodels.

C.SyriahwillinglyacceptedAna,soffertobeamodel.

D.Syriahdidn'lperformwellin(hefashionshow.

答案D

解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第二句可知A項(xiàng)正確：根據(jù)第四段的“they'dgettosearchfor

theirownmodels”可知B項(xiàng)正確；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段可知C項(xiàng)正確；根據(jù)最后一段可知，作者

期望Syriah在時(shí)裝表演周可以有好的表現(xiàn)，文章并沒(méi)有說(shuō)她表現(xiàn)不好。故選D。

4.Syriahgotthemodellingjobdueto.

A.herbeautycomingfromwithin

B.hermother'srecommendation

C.hercloserelationshipwithAna

D.heroutstandingmodellingskills

答案A

解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段的“Ilovehersmilewilhconfidence!”可知，Syi*iah得

到這份模特工作是由于她自信的微笑，也就是內(nèi)在的美，故選A。

B

TheEmpireStateBuildingisoneofthemostpopularattractionsinNewYorkCity,bothfor

thetourandhistoryofthebuilding.OurEmpireStateBuildingfactsincludeNYCInsider(ipsand

thebestwaystolourthisworld-famousicon,whetheryouareshortonlimeorbudget.

EmpireStateBuildingHours

ThemainentrancetotheEmpireStateBuildingisonFifthAvenuebetween33rdand34th

Slreets.Allvisitorsmustusethisentranceandthereisoftenawaitjusttogelinthebuilding.The

EmpireStateBuildingObservatoryisopenfrom8:0()a.m.to2:00a.m.7daysaweek.Last

elevatorsgoupat1：15a.m.

EmpireStateBuildingTourFacts

TheESBofferstwoobservatories?(he86thfloorandthei02ndfloor.

86thFloorObservatory(indoorandoutdoor)

1?050feet(320meters)>reachedbyhigh-speed,automaticelevators?ithasaglass-enclosed

area,whichisheatedinwinterandcooledinsummer.High-poweredbinoculars(雙筒望遠(yuǎn)鏡)are

availablefbrtheconvenienceofvisitorsalaminimalcost.

102ndFloorObservatory(indooronly)

ticketsareonlysolduponamvalattheEmpireStaleBuildingalacostoi$15.00inaddition

toregularadmissiontickets.

EmpireStateBuildingTickets

Regular—$38adult*$32ages6—12,under5free.

ExpressPass—$65allvisitorsages6+

BuyingyourticketsbeforeyougotoNewYorksavesyourtime.Whenbuyingtickets,youcan

optforregularticketsorexpresstickets.Youcanalsobuyadiscountpassforfreeentrance.lfyou

wanttovisitthe102ndfloor?youcangetticketswhichincludedinneratSTATEGrillandBare.

語(yǔ)篇解讀這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了帝國(guó)大廈(EmpireStateBuilding)以及參觀大廈

時(shí)的相關(guān)注意事項(xiàng)。

5.Whatcanwclearnfromthesecondparagraph?

A.Youcanenterthebuildingthroughthreeentrances.

B.Alargenumberofvisitersareattractedby(hebuilding.

C.Visitorsarenotallowedtotakeelevatorsafter1:0()a.m.

D.TheEmpireStateBuildingisclosedonweekends.

答案B

解析推理判斷題o根據(jù)第二段中的"AUvisitorsmustusethisentranceandthereisoftenawait

justtogetinthebuilding."可知，到這里參觀的游客必須等待，其主要原因可能是游客數(shù)量很

多。故選B。

6.Whatcanwesayaboutthe86thFloorObservatory?

A.Ilislocatedataheightof1,050meters.

B.Itisabitcolderoutsidethaninside.

C.Thebinocularscanbeusedfreeofcharge.

D.VisitorscanenjoytheviewofNYCoutdoors.

答案D

解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的“86thFloorObservatory(indoorandoutdoor)”可知，該看臺(tái)

可以讓游客在室內(nèi)外觀景，故選D。

7.Howmuchshouldacouplepayiftheywanttovisitthebuildingwithshorterwaiting?

A.$76.B.$64.

C.$130.D.SI03.

答案C

解析數(shù)字計(jì)算題。根據(jù)文中的"ExpressPass—$65allvisitorsages6+”可知，如果想立刻

參觀帝國(guó)大廈，需要購(gòu)買交通票(expressticket),每個(gè)人的費(fèi)用是65美元，acouple就是130

美元。故選C。

強(qiáng)化練(一)細(xì)節(jié)理解題(1)

A

Lookingfbracoolnewbookthisseason?TFKKidReportersreadandreviewedsomeof(he

bestbooksoftheyear.

YusufAzeemisNotaHero

YusufAzeemishopingtohaveagreatfirstyearinmiddleschool.Standinginhiswayarethe

hatenotesleftinhislockerandhisstruggletofindhisplaceinanewcommunity.YusufAzeemIs

NotaHero,bySaadiaFaruqi,willappealtoreaderswholikestoriesabouteverydaykids

overcomingchallengesandfindinginnerstrength.

BlackBoyJoy

TheshortstoriesinBlackBoyJoy,editedbyKwameMbalia,celebratethepleasuresofBlack

childhood.Therearealsostoriesaboutvictories,competitions,andgettingdressedfortheirfirstday

ofschool.Mostareshort,withsimpleplots.Peoplewhoenjoybite-sizestoriesofhappinesswilllike

thiscollection.

ParadiseonFire

InParadiseonFire,byJewellParkerRhodes,Addyisashy,15-year-oldgirlwhoescaped

fromanapartmentfirethatkilledherparcnts.Whcnafirebreaksoutatthewildernesscamp,Addy

knowswhattodo.WillAddybeabletoleadherfellowcamperslosafety?Readerswilllovethe

mixofsuspense,action,andemotioninthisbook.

Chunky

ChunkywaswrittenbyYehudiMercado.Inthebook,Huditriessports,which,however,take

himawayfromwhathe?strulypassionateabout：comedy.Hisimaginaryfriend,Chunky,appears

throughoutthestorytohelpHudiachievehisdreams.Chunkyisagreatbookforkidswhowantto

readaboutfriendship,family,andtrytofindwheretheymightfitin.

語(yǔ)篇解讀這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四本兒童書的情況，包括作者、故事梗概等。

1.Whichofthefollowingtellsabouthappychildhood?

A.YusufAzeeniisNotaHero.

B.BlackBoyJoy.

C.ParadiseonFire.

D.Chunky.

答案B

解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BlackBoyJoy部分中的第一句可知，BlackBoyJoy講述了快樂(lè)的童

年。故選B。

2.WhatisthebookbyJewellParkerRhodesabout?

A.Agirltryingtoescapefromdanger.

B.Aboysufferingatschool.

C.Aboyparticipatinginasummercamp.

D.Agirltakinganinterestincomedy.

答案A

解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第一句可知，JewellParkerRhodes寫的書是關(guān)于一個(gè)試

圖逃離危險(xiǎn)的女孩的故事。故選A。

3.WhoisChunkyinthebook?

A.Acomedian.B.Hudi'sclassmate.

C.Ashyboy.D.Anunrealfriend.

答案D

解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第三句可知，書中的Chunky是一個(gè)虛構(gòu)的朋友。imaginary

和unreal同義，故選D。

DespiteKyleTianshibeingonlya15-year-oldUShighschooler,hehaspublishedfivesci-fi

novels.HisfifthbookEventidewasreleasedinJuly.However,thismaynotbehismostimpressive

achievementasKylejustreceivedthe“HeroAward"，a$20,000grandprize.ltisthetophonor

intheCaliforniaYouthSustainabilityAwards.Thecompetitionaimstoencourageandsupport

youngcommunityleaderswhoaremakingadifferenceforsustainabilityintheircommunitiesby

takingactionfortheplanet.

Kyle,asophomorefromtheCambridgeSchoolintheUS,receivedthehonorfbrhisportable

inventioncalledNEREID.Thcdevicecandetectmicroscopicparticles（粒子）inwaterbyusinga

laserandniicroscopc.Thcseparticlescanbeharmfultopeopleandtheenvironment.

KylecameupwiththeideafbrtheinventionbasedonhisexperiencegrowingupinSan

Diego,California,US.Peoplehadnoaccesstounpolluteddrinkingwaterandhisparentsaskedhim

nottodrinktapwater.KylespentaboutS60buyingthetoolsneededtoanalyzethetapwater：a

laser,amicroscopeandamicro-computcr."It'sincrediblypowerfulfortheprice,“Kyle

said.Thenheusedtheirfamily,sgarageashislaboratory,doingresearchonthepollutionof

drinkingwatercausedbymicro-plastics.

Kylehopestobringtomarketalow-costalternativetoolfordetectingmicro-plasticpollution

levelsindrinkingwater.Inthisway,hecanofferhelptopeoplewhodon'thaveaccesstowater

filtration（過(guò)濾）systems.Hehasappliedforapatent.

KylesaidhissisterEmily,afreshmanatStanfordUniversity,inspiredhisinterestin

environmentalresearch.Shewasrecognizednationallyfordevelopingawatercollection

device.!heyhavefoundedtheClearwaterInnovationprogramtoadvocatetorcleanwaterthrough

socialmediaplatformsandorganizecommunitycleanupevents.

語(yǔ)篇解讀這是一篇記敘文，文章主要介紹了15歲的KyleTianshi發(fā)明了能夠檢測(cè)水中有害

的微觀粒子的設(shè)備，獲得了加州青年可持續(xù)發(fā)展獎(jiǎng)的最高榮譽(yù)。

4.WhatdoweknowaboutKyle?

A.Heisgoodatadaptingsci-fiworks.

B.Heenteredmanynovelcontests.

C.Hereceivedanawardfcrhisinvention.

D.He'sfoundmicroscopicparticlesinwater.

答案C

解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句可知，Kyle因他的發(fā)明而獲獎(jiǎng)。故選C。

5.WhatledtoKyle'screationofNEREID?

A.People'slackofcleandrinkingwater.

B.People'spoorlivingconditions.

C.Hisdesiretobeacommunityleader.

D.Hisfamily,sencouragement.

答案A

解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段前兩句可知，Kyle發(fā)明NEREID是由于人們塊乏干凈的飲用

水。故選Ao

6.Whichof(hefollowinj?bestdescribesKyle?

A.Considerateandbrave.

B.Optimisticandhonest.

C.Determinedandhumorcus.

D.Responsibleandcreative.

答案D

解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，結(jié)合第二段第一句及文章最后一句可知，Kyle發(fā)明了

NEREID,使人們能夠喝到干凈的飲用水，并通過(guò)實(shí)際行動(dòng)倡導(dǎo)清潔用水，保護(hù)環(huán)境，因此

他既有責(zé)任心又有創(chuàng)意，故選D。

7.What'sthetextmainlyabout?

A.TheintroductiontoNEREID.

B.Aboy'scontributiontoliterature.

C.Theharmofpollutedwater.

D.AUSschooler*swatersolution.

答案D

解析主旨大意題。通讀全文，根據(jù)第二段第一句可知，文章主要講述15歲的KyleTianshi

發(fā)明了能夠檢測(cè)水中有害的微觀粒子的設(shè)備，使人們能夠喝到干凈的飲用水，還創(chuàng)立清水創(chuàng)

新項(xiàng)目，倡導(dǎo)清潔用水，故D項(xiàng)“一位美國(guó)學(xué)生對(duì)于水的解決方案”能夠概括文章大意。故

選D。

C

Theglobalpopulationgrowing?theclimateiswarming,and,nosurprise,thedemandfor

energyissteadilyincreasing.Weneed(ouselessenergyinanywaythatwecan.

GermandesignstudentTobiasTribenbacher,fromtheUniversityoftheArtsBerlin,has

createdastreetlightcalledPapiIioinresponsetoglobalsustainabilityinitiatives,sayingthathe

initiallychosetocreateacity-facingstreetlightduetosuchlights'roleintightpollution.

Papiliocanbeniountectowallsorsetupasafreestandinglantern.Thelampshouldideallybe

placedbetweenthreetosixmetresaboveground,whereground-levelwindsarethestrongest.The

lampisshapedlikeapinwheelthatactsasawindturbine(渦輪)，catchingthewindtoproduceits

ownenergy.ltalsohasarechargeablebatterythatstoreselectricity,sothelampcanoperateevenon

lesswindydays.

Anotherkeycomponentofthelampisthelightitself.Thewarm-coloredlightdoesn'tdraw

theattentionofinsects,anditusesaninfrared（紅夕卜線的）sensorsothatthelightisonlystarredby

nearbymotion,reducingitscontributiontolightpollution.

Asidefromsavingpublicspaceandbeautifyingstreets,ihestreetlightsdesignisalsoavisual

signalofcleanenergyinaction.uDesignnotonlydetermineshowstreetlightsareworking.ltcan

alsoshapeourattitudetowardsthemandconsequentlyaffecthowwcusethem,“Tobias

Tribenbachersays.uBecauseenergycreationisoftenaninvisibleprocess,projectssuchasthese

helptheproductionofelectricitybecomecomprehensible.v

Thelamp*sabilitytochangewindpowerintoelectricitycanalsobeahugebenefitto

naturallywindyareas.Andsinceitdoesn'trequireanyelectricalinfrastructure（基石出設(shè)施），there

willbeanopportunitytofixthestreetlightsinremotesettingsorplaceswhereinfrastructure

innovationscanbecost-prohibitive.

Justaslanternscreatethecharacterofstreetsandsquares,Papilioisenvisionedasapublic

sustainabilitystatementthatmotivatesresidentstotakepartin（ransformingourcitiesinto

climate-friendly，future-proofenvironments.

語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一種新型的路燈，這款路燈是由風(fēng)能拓化為

電能，因此可以減少能源使用，從而減少對(duì)環(huán)境的污染。

8.WhydidTribenbacherchoosetocreatethestreetlight?

A.Totacklelightpollution.

B.Toreducebiodiversityloss.

C.Tobeautifythecityhelivesin.

D.Todrawpublicattentiontowaste.

答案A

解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段以及第四段第二句可知，這款路燈最初設(shè)計(jì)的目的就是用來(lái)

應(yīng)對(duì)光污染問(wèn)題。故選A。

9.Whichofthefollowingisthefeatureofthestreetlight?

A.Itoccupiesalargespace.

B.Ilcanbefixedanywhere.

C.Itisswitchedoffbyhand.

D.Itisunattractivetoinsects.

答案D

解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段笫二句可知，這款路燈不會(huì)吸引小昆蟲(chóng)。故選D。

10.WhatdoTribenbacher，swordsinparagraph5imply?

A.Theclimatecrisisistoughtoaddress.

B.Designcanfacilitateourcomprehension.

C.Wemusttakeactiontosavecleanenergy.

D.Weknowlittleaboutelectricitygeneration.

答案B

解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中的"Designnotonlydetermineshowstreetlights...the

productionofelectricitybecomecomprehensible.M可推斷出，這樣的設(shè)計(jì)可以促進(jìn)我們對(duì)于能

源生產(chǎn)的理解。故選B。

11.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?

A.Tostresstheimportanceofinnovation.

B.Tointroduceawind-poweredstreetlight.

C.Toadvocateenvironmentalsustainability.

D.Toanalyzethesustainabilityofthestreetlight.

答案B

解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段以及下文對(duì)這款路燈的作用、工作原理的介紹可知，本篇文

拿主要的目的是介紹一款風(fēng)能路燈。故選B。

強(qiáng)化練（二）細(xì)節(jié)理解題Q）

A

DriveThruHistory^Adventures

DriveThruHistory,whetherasacourse,guide,orepisodiclesson,triestomakehistorical

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FeaturesoftheDriveThruHistoryCourses

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