必修第一冊(cè)Unit4NaturalDisasters

過(guò)關(guān)測(cè)試

（考試時(shí)間：6（）分鐘試卷滿分：100分）

I.詞匯檢測(cè)

1.Thisisoneoftheworstnaturald（災(zāi)難）evertohitthearea.

2.Theumbrellaisapoors（避身處）fromheavyrain.

3.Wecannots（幸存）forlongwithoutfoodanddrink.

4.Thefiremen（營(yíng)救）lhreewomenfromtheburninghouse.

5.Unluckily,thehousethatwetalkedaboutisin（廢墟）.

6.Thesoldiers（使陷入困境）theirenemiesandforcedthemtogivein.

7.Sheb（掩埋）herfaceinherhandandweptwhensheheardthebadnews.

8.Thewaters（供給）hasbeencutoffbecausetheworkersarerepairingthemainpipes.

9.Theplanec（墜毀）inlothemountain,butthepilotmanagedtosurvive.

10.Elineoperatorsmustalwaysstaycalmandmakesurethattheygetalltheinformation

theyneedtosendhelp.

答案：

1.disasters2.shelter3.survive4.rescued5.ruins

6.trapped7.buried8.supply9.crashed10.Emergency

U.單句語(yǔ)法填空

1.Thesouthofthecountrywasworstaffectedbythe（dry）.

2.We（slide）downtheroofanddroppedtotheground.

3.Soldiersandvolunteersarestillsearchingfor（survive）.

4.Thesignsofaneconomic(revive)areonlyjustbeginning.

5.1(suddenly(strike)mehowwccouldimprovethesituation.

6.Thenew(deliver)servicehastakenoffinabigway.

7.Ilcanbeusefultowriteashort(summarize)ofyourargument(論點(diǎn))first.

8.Thcoldmanissaidtohavegonethroughvarietiesof(suffer)duringthewar.

9.Thetyphoonhasleftatrailofdeathand(destroy)acrossmuchofcentralJapan.

10.1feelmuch(affect)formymum,whosewordsandactionshaveapositiveeffectonme.

1.drought2.slid3.survivors4.revival5.struck6.delivery7.summary

8.sufferings9.destructionlO.affection

III.詞組填空

inruins,cutacross,asusual,inshock.sufferfrom.onhand,

causedamageto,sparenoeffortto...,surviveon.sweepaway.asif,

l.Hewasbarelyhisearningsasanartist.

2.Aftertheearthquake,thewholecitylay.

3.Hisfriendhasillhealthforsomeyears.

4.Heisn'tseriouslyinjuredbutheis.

5.Peoplevisittheirancestors'graves(墳?zāi)?tothedirt.

6.Weallknowthatwecan?tlive_______________withoutgoodhealth.

7.Wecangaintimeifwethisfield.

8.Wewillhelpyou,butyoumustgetpreparedtomeetallkindsofdifficulties.

9.Hetalkswithastrangertheyweregoodfriends.

10.Theearthquakeproperty(財(cái)產(chǎn))about$6billion.

答案：「survivingon2.inruins3.sufferedfrom4.inshock5.sweepaway

6.asusual7.cutacross8.sparenoeffortto9.asif10.causeddamageio

IV.課文語(yǔ)法填空

Themostpowerfulearthquakeinthepast40yearscausedatsunami___1___crashedintocoastlines

acrossAsiayesterday,____2____(kill)morethan6,500peopleinIndonesia,India,Thailand,Malaysia,

andatleasttour___3______countries.Fishermen,tourists,hotels,homes,andcars_______4__________

(sweep)awaybyhugewavescausedbythestrongearthquakethatreached___5___magnitudeof9.0.

“Iwashavingbreakfastwithmythreechildren___6___waterstartedfillingmyhome.Wehadto

leaveeverythingandrunto_7__(safc)JsaidChandraThccravit,alocalThaiwoman.

Thousandsofpeoplearestill8(miss),andthenumberof9(die)is

expectedtogrowevenhigheroverthenextfewdays.Foreignaid________10___(organize)forthe

tsimami-hitcountries.However,dangerousconditionsanddamagedroadswillmakeitdifficulttodeliver

foodandsupplies.

答案：1.that/which,2.killing,3.other,4.wereswept,5.a,6.when,7.safety,

8.missing,9.deaths,10.isbeingorganised

V.閱讀理解

A

Naturaldisastersarcnature'sanger,whichcanupseteventhemostdevelopedcountriesandmaketheminto

ruins.Thereisnothingwecandotostopsuchdisastershappening.Inthatcaseitisquitepossiblethatweareallshort

ofelectricity,water,food.etc.Thebasicnecessitiestobestoredfortimesofdisastersareexplainedbelow.

Drinkingwaterisamustforanyhumantosurvivc.lthastobestoredbasedonthenumberofpeopleinthe

household.Anormalhumanwouldconsumeagallonofwateraday.Foodisanimportantrequirement.Especiallyin

timesofdisasters,ourbodieswouldbeweak.Richfoodisveryimportantinsuchtimesofdanger.Foodlikedryfruits

wouldbeidealastheylastlongandgiveusenergy.AFirstAidKitandbasicmedicinesareamustanddoremember

tostoresomeofthem.Certainbasicthingssuchasscissorsandsoapswouldbehandy.Ilisagoodideatohavearadio

(obeupdatedwiththeongoingnews.

AnEarthquakePreparednessKitwouldbeofgreathelpinfightingagainstanearthquake

inprotectingyouandyourfamilyfromthestorm.”可,知，龍卷風(fēng)來(lái)臨時(shí)，為家人安置一個(gè)安全的地方躲避是好主

意c故選B。

4.Inthispassagetheauthormainlytellsreadersto_C_.

A.fightagainstnaturaldisasters,withtheirfamilybravely

B.keepcalminthecircumstancesofnaturaldisasters

C.preparenecessitiesfornaturaldisastersaheadoftime

D.takestepstoreducethedamageofnaturaldisasters

解析：主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中最后一句"Thebasicnecessitiestobestoredfortimesofdisastersare

explainedbelow.”以及最后一段“Detakestepsinadvance.Beingwellpreparedistheonlywaythatwouldhelpus

recoverfromsuchdisasters.”可知，本文主要介紹的是提前為災(zāi)難來(lái)臨儲(chǔ)備好必需品。故選C。

B

AnewcollectionofphotosbringsanunsuccessfulAntarcticvoyagebacktolife.

FrankHurley'spictureswouldbeoutstanding—undoubtedlyfirst-ratephoto-journalism—iftheyhadbeenmade

lastweek.Infact,theywereshotfrom1914through1916,mostofthemafteradisastrousshipwreck（海難）,bya

cameramanwhohadnoreasonableexpectationofsurvival.Manyoftheimageswerestoredinanicechest,under

freezingwater,inthedamagedwoodenship.

TheshipwastheEndurance,asmall,tight,Norwegian-builttnree-masterthatwasintendedtotakeSirErnest

Shackletonandasmallcrewotseamenandscientists,27meninall,tothesouthernmostshoreotAntarctica's

WeddellSea.FromthatpointShackletonwantedtoforceapassagebydogsled（雪橇）acrossthecontinenl.The

journeywasintendedtoachievemorethanwhatCaptainRobertFalconScotthaddone.CaptainScotthadreachedthe

SouthPoleearlyin1912buthaddiedwithhisfourcompanionsontheinarchback.

AswriterCarolineAlexandermakesclearinherforcefulandwell-rcscarchcdstoryTheEndurance?

adventuringwaseventhenathoroughlycommercialeffort.Scott'slastjourney,completedashelayinatentdyingof

coldandhunger,caughttheworld'simagination?andafilmmadeinhishonordrewcrowds.Shackleton,aonetime

Britishmcrchant-navyofficerwhohadgottowithin100milesoftheSouthPolein1908,startedabusinessbefore

his1914voyagetomakemoneyfrommovieandstillphotography.FrankHurley,aconfidentandgiftedAustralian

photographerwhoknewtheAntarctic,washiredtomaketheimages,mostofwhichhaveneverbeforebeen

published.

【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述的是FrankHurley收集的照片把過(guò)去?次不成功的航?；顒?dòng)重

新展現(xiàn)了出來(lái)。

1.WhatdoweknowaboutthephotostakenbyHurley?

A.Theyweremadelastweek.

B.Theyshowedunderseasceneries.

C.Theywerefoundbyacameraman.

D.Theyrecordedadisastrousadventure.

答案D［事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段中的iheywereshotfrom1914ihrough1916,mostofthemaftera

disastrousshipwreck可知，這些照片記錄的是一次海難。］

2.WhoreachedtheSouthPolefirstaccordingtothe(ext?

A.FrankHurley.B.ErnestShackleton.

C.RobertFalconScott.D.CarolineAlexander.

答案C［事實(shí)細(xì)由題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句話中的CiiptainScotlhadreachedtheSouthPole可知，到達(dá)

南極的是RobertFalconScott。J

3.WhatdocsAlexanderthinkwasthepurposeofthe1914voyage?

A.Artisticcreation.B.Scientificresearch.

C.Moneymaking.D.Treasurehunting.

答案C|事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)最后一段中的...startabusinessbeforehis1914voyagetomakemoneyfrom

movieandstillphoiogniphy可知，Alexander認(rèn)為他1914航行的目的就是為了掙錢(qián)發(fā)財(cái)。］

C

Theircheerysongbrightensmanyawinter'sday.Butrobinsareindangerofwearingthemselvesoutbysinging

toomuch.Robinsaresingingallnight—aswellasduringtheday.British-basedresearcherssay.

DavidDoniinoni,ofGlasgowUniversity,saidthatlightfromstreetlamps,takeawaysignsandhomesis

affectingthebirds'biologicalclocks,leadingtothembeingwideawakewhentheyshouldbeasleep.

DrDominoni,whoisputtingcamerasinsidenestingboxestotracksleepingpatterns,saidlackofsleepcould

putthebirds'healthatrisk.Hisstudyshowsthatwhenrobinsarcexposedtolightatnightinthelab,itleadstosome

genesbeingactiveatthewrongtimeofday.Andthemorebirdsareexposedtolight,themoreactivetheyareatnight,

Hetoldpeopleataconference?"Therehavebeenacoupleofstudiessuggestingtheyareincreasingtheirsong

outputatnightandduringthedaytheyarestillsinging.Singingisacostlybehaviourandittakesenergy.Soby

increasingtheirsongoutput,theremightbesomecostsofenergy/'

Anditisnotjustrobinsthatarebeingkeptawakebyartificiallight.Blackbirdsandseagullsarealsobeingmore

nocturnal.DrDominonisaid,“InGlasgowwhereIlive,gullsareaseriousproblem.Ihavepeoplecomingtome

saying4Youarcthebirdcxpcrt.Canyouhelpuskillthesegulls?Duringthebreeding（繁殖）season?between

AprilandJune,theyareveryactiveatnightandverynoisyandpeoplecan'tsleep.^^

AlthoughDrDominonihasonlystudiedlightpollution,otherresearchconcludedthatrobinslivinginnoisy

citieshavestartedtosingatnighttomakethemselvesheardoverloudnoise.

However,somebirdsthrive（興旺）innoisyenvironments.AstudyfromCaliforniaPolytechnicStateUniversity

foundmorehummingbirdsinareaswithheavyindustrialmachinery.ltisthoughtthattheyarecapitalisingontheir

predators（天敵）fleeingtoquieterareas.

【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文主要介紹了一項(xiàng)調(diào)查研究的結(jié)果，由于人類(lèi)制造的光線問(wèn)題，越來(lái)越多的鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)如知

更鳥(niǎo)在晚上也會(huì)唱歌，這極大地影響了鳥(niǎo)的健康。

1.AccordingtoDrDominoni'sstudy，whatcausesrobinstosingsomuch?

A.Thebreedingseason.

B.Thelightinmodernlife.

C.Thedangerousenvironment.

D.Thenoisefromheavymachinery.

答案B［細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段的"DavidDominoni,ofGlasgowUniversity?saidtnatlightfrom

streetlamps,takeawaysignsandhomesisaffectingthebirds'biologicalclock,leadingtothembeingwide

awake...”以及第三段最后一句可知，是現(xiàn)代生活中的燈光使得知更鳥(niǎo)唱歌太多。故選擇B。］

2.Whatistheresearchers'concernovertheincreaseofbirds'songoutput?

A.Theenvironmentmightbepolluted.

B.Thebirds'healthmightbedamaged.

C.Theindustrycostmightbeincreased.

D.Thepeople'shearingmightbeaffected.

答案B［細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段中的“Singingisacostlybehaviouranditlakesenergy”可知，唱

歌唱得越多，鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)就會(huì)損耗更多的精力，它們的健康也會(huì)因此受到損害。故選擇B。］

3.Whatdocstheunderlinedword“nocturnal"inParagraph5mean?

A.Activeatnight.B.Inactiveatnight.

C.Activeduringtheday.D.Inactiveduringtheday.

答案A［詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上文的"Anditisnotjustrobinsthatarebeingkeptawakebyartificial

light.Blackbirdsandseagullsarcalsobeing...”以及本段最后的“...theyarcveryactiveatnight...''可知，這里的

nociumal與前面的awake應(yīng)該是近義詞，意為“夜間活動(dòng)的"。故選A。］

4.Whydosomebirdsthriveinnoisyenvironments?

A.Becausetherearefewerdangers.

B.Becausethereismorefoodtocat.

C.Becausethereislesslightpollution.

D.Becausetherearemoreplacestotakeshelter.

答案A［細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段最后一句"Itisthoughtthattheyarec叩italisingontheir

predators（天敵）fleeingtoquieterareas."可知，它們的天敵都去了更安靜的地方，在這些工業(yè)區(qū)，天敵更少，也

就是危險(xiǎn)更少。］

VI.完形填空

Thewholeschoolwastalkingaboutthecomingtripatawintercamp.Andeveryonewas1.exceptme.

"I'llhateit,“Itoldmyparents.4trilgethomesick（想家的）.Tillookstupidatwintersports,andeveryone

will2me."

“Youmightbesurprised,Bree,“saidMom."Theonlywaytofindoutisto3

"It'swhatgrowingupisallabout,MDadadded.When4thecamp,wewereaskedtoshareone5.

'TmafraidI'llbehomesick,nsomeonesaid.

Iwasn'ttheonlyone!Ibeganto6.Afterlunch,wewereaskedtoski（滑雪）downtothefield.Iskied

7_,butIstillhitapieceoficeand8

“Ha!Ha!”Behindme,somebodystartedlaughing.I9toseewhowasmakingfunofme.Tomy10

Isawagirlinthesameawkward（尷尬的）positionIwasin."IthoughtTdbebadatthisJJI'mworsethanI

expected!”shesaid.

12,Istartedlaughingtoo.Afterbeingsol3offalling,itwasacomfortnottofearitanymore.

Aldinnertime,IwassohappytobetalkingaboutinterestingthingsthatIJ4tofeelhomesick.

Thenextday,Iwas]5totryskijumpingfirst,eventhoughIdidn'twantto.Butwhenmyfeetlefttheground,

IfeltIwas16anditwaswonderful.

MaybeDadwasrightwhenhesaid“Youmight17itifyougiveitachance!”

Maybethekindof18MomandDadweretalkingabouthadmoretodowithmyoutlook（態(tài)度）thanmy

looks.Weall19fittinginandfailingwhenwe1^20things.Sometimesyou'regottofallonyourfaceto

discoverhowmuchyou'vegotincommon.

1.A.strangeB.sadC.nervousD.excited

2.A.speaktoB.waitforC.laughatD.talkabout

3.A.tryB.dreamC.changeD.move

4.A.searchingforB.returningtoC.makingupD.arrivingat

5.A.storyB.fearC.purposeD.fact

6.A.eatB.askC.relaxD.sleep

7.A.carefullyB.interestinglyC.finallyD.quickly

8.A.wentoutB.gaveupC.ranawayD.felldown

9.A.walkedaroundB.stoodupC.lookedhackD.steppedover

10.A.shameB.surpriseC.pleasureD.regret

11.A.butB.soC.becauseD.or

12.A.QuietlyB.HopefullyC.Unh叩p"yD.Suddenly

13.A.tiredB.proudC.certainD.afraid

14.A.failedB.refusedCforgotD.stopped

15.A.preparedB.chosenC.protectedD.allowed

16.A.flyingB.cryingC.learningD.dying

17.A.preventB.trustC.discoverD.enjoy

18.A.winningbackB.showingoffC.growingupD.workingout

19.A.catchupB.worryaboutC.believeinD.pointout

20.A.newB.easyC.rightD.popular

【文章大意】在成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中我們或許會(huì)害怕嘗試新事物，或許會(huì)害怕失敗，然而，這些都是成長(zhǎng)的必經(jīng)階

段C在此過(guò)程中，我們需要以積極向上的態(tài)度來(lái)面對(duì)這一切。

I.D根據(jù)該空后的exceptme和口1haleit可知，作者不想去冬令營(yíng)，然而其他人都很“興奮(excited)

故選D。

2.C根據(jù)前半句111lookstupidatwintersports可知，由于不擅長(zhǎng)冬季運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目，作者害怕別人會(huì)“笑話

(laughat)”她。故選C.

3.A作者的媽媽鼓勵(lì)作者自己去“嘗試(try):故選A。

4.D根據(jù)文章首句中的thecomingtripatawintercamp可知，此處指“到達(dá)(arrivingat)”營(yíng)地。故選D。

5.B根據(jù)下一句中的I'mafraid「IIbehomesick可知，大家分享一件“害怕的事(fear)”。故選B。

6.C作者一開(kāi)始擔(dān)心自己會(huì)想家，擔(dān)心會(huì)被別人笑話，因此叫到別人說(shuō)想家時(shí)，她開(kāi)始“放心(relax)”

了.故選C.

7.A根據(jù)上文中的「11lookstupidatwintersports可知，由于作者不擅長(zhǎng)冬季體育運(yùn)動(dòng)，因此她“小心翼

翼地(carefully)”滑雪。故選A。

&D根據(jù)該空前的Isiillhilapieceofice可知，作者撞到一塊冰上，“摔倒了(felldown)故選D,

9.C根據(jù)上■句Behindme,somebodystartedlaughing可知,有人在作者身后發(fā)出笑聲,因此作者“朝身

后看去(lookedback)”，想知道究竟是誰(shuí)在笑。故選C。

10.B根據(jù)該空后的IsawagirlinthesameawkwardpositionIwasin可知，作者原本以為有人在笑她，然

而令她“詫異(surprise)”的是，有一個(gè)女孩也摔倒了。故選B。

11.AIthoughtrdbebadatthis與I'mworsethanIexpected之山為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選A。

12.D女孩所說(shuō)的話讓作者也“突然(Suddenly)”笑了起來(lái)。故選D.

13.D根據(jù)上文的描述可知，作者一直“害怕(afraid)”摔倒。故選D。

14.C根據(jù)該空前的happylobetalkingaboutinterestingthings可知，作者在晚飯時(shí)和別人聊得很開(kāi)心，以

至于“忘了(forgot)”想家。故選Co

15.B根據(jù)后半句eventhoughIdidn'twantto可知，作者在第：天被“選中(chosen)”第一個(gè)嘗試跳臺(tái)滑

雪c故選Bo

16.A根據(jù)該空前的myfeetlefttheground和該空后的itwaswonderful可知，作者感覺(jué)自己在“飛翔

(flying)故選A。

17.D作者在此體會(huì)到跳臺(tái)滑雪給她帶來(lái)的樂(lè)趣，因此，她認(rèn)司爸爸說(shuō)的“你嘗試后或許會(huì)“喜歡

(enjoy)”上它的“。故選D。

18.C根據(jù)上文中的“It'swhatgrowingupisallabout,”Dadadded可知,作者在此發(fā)出關(guān)于“成長(zhǎng)(growing

up)”的感慨。故選C。

19.B聯(lián)系全文的語(yǔ)境可知，在成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中，當(dāng)我們嘗試“新(new)”事物時(shí)，我們都會(huì)“擔(dān)心(worry

about)”不適應(yīng)或是失敗，故選B。

20.A聯(lián)系全文的語(yǔ)境可知，在成長(zhǎng)過(guò)程中，當(dāng)我們嘗試“新(new)”事物時(shí)，我們都會(huì)“擔(dān)心(worry

abcut)”不適應(yīng)或是失敗。故選A。

VIII.閱讀七選五

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

HowtoCelebrateWorldEnvironmentDay

WorldEnvironmentDayisayearlyeventheldtoraiseglobalsenseoftheneedtoprotectourworld._36.G_

Peopleconsideritaclimax(高潮)ofenvironmentalactivitiesbeingperformedallyearroundbyUNEP.Beapartof

thecelebrationstomakeourworldcleaner,greenerandbrighter.

FindoutwhattheWEDenvironmentalthemeisinternationallyfortheyear.Forexample,in2011?itwasthe

InternationalYearofForests,thusdiefro