高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1湖南省長(zhǎng)沙市某中學(xué)2025-2026學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期第一次月考英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力（略）第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AAmusicfestivalisacommunityeventfocusingonliveperformancesofsingingandinstrumentplayingthatisoftenpresentedwithatheme.Onthelistarethemusicfestivalsforfansaroundtheworld.Findyourfavoritenow!FieldDayJanuary1,2023,SydneyFieldDaymeansNewYear’sDayforyoungpeopleinSydney.Seenasthecity’soriginalmulti-stageparty,it’sagatheringoffriendscomingtogetherforagreatfun-filledfirstdayoftheyear.There’sanairofhopeandpositiveenergyonaperfectsummer’sday.TheEnvisionFestivalFebruary27—March6,2023,UvitaTheEnvisionFestivalisanannualgatheringinCostaRicathataimstoprovideanopportunityfordifferentculturestoworkwithoneanothertocreateabettercommunity.Thefestivalencouragespeopletopracticeart,music,danceperformances,andeducation.Meanwhile,ourconnectionwithnatureisexpectedtobestrengthened.TheMcDowellMountainMusicFestivalMarch2—4,2023,PhoenixTheMcDowellMountainMusicFestivalisPhoenix’smusicalcelebrationofcommunityculture.Sinceitsfoundationin2004,ithasbeentheonly100%non-profitmusicfestivaldesignedtosupport,entertainandeducatethecommunity.Thefestivalattractsthousandsofvisitorseachyearfromaroundthecountry,anditisanopportunitytoexperiencetrueculture.TheOldSettler’sMusicFestivalApril20—23,2023,DaleTheOldSettler’sMusicFestivalisanationallyknownmusicfestivalforAmericanmusic.ThefestivalisheldinthecountryofTexasattheheightofthewildflowerseason.TheOldSettler’sMusicFestivaloffersgreatmusicandactivitiesforthewholefamily.1.InwhichcitycanpeopleenjoyafunNewYear’sDay?A.Phoenix. B.Uvita. C.Sydney. D.Dale.2.WhatisspecialabouttheMcDowellMountainMusicFestival?A.Itencouragespeopletoreceiveeducation. B.Itisnotaimedatmakingmoney.C.Itprovidesanopportunityforfriendgathering. D.Itfocusesonculturalexchanges.3.Whichfestivalsareconnectedwithnature?A.FieldDayandtheEnvisionFestival.B.TheEnvisionFestivalandtheMcDowellMountainMusicFestival.C.TheOldSettler’sMusicFestivalandtheMcDowellMountainMusicFestival.D.TheEnvisionFestivalandtheOldSettler’sMusicFestival.【答案】1.C2.B3.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了世界上的一些音樂(lè)節(jié)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由“FieldDay”部分中的“FieldDaymeansNewYear’sDayforyoungpeopleinSydney.(FieldDay是指悉尼年輕人的元旦)”可知，人們?cè)谙つ崮軌蛳硎苡腥さ脑?。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由“TheMcDowellMountainMusicFestival”部分中的“Sinceitsfoundationin2004,ithasbeentheonly100%non-profitmusicfestivaldesignedtosupport,entertainandeducatethecommunity.(自2004年成立以來(lái)，它一直是唯一一個(gè)100%非營(yíng)利的音樂(lè)節(jié)，旨在支持、娛樂(lè)和教育社區(qū))”可知，自從建立以來(lái)，這個(gè)節(jié)日一直是非營(yíng)利的。由此可知，它的目的不是賺錢(qián)。故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由“TheEnvisionFestival”部分的“Meanwhile,ourconnectionwithnatureisexpectedtobestrengthened.(與此同時(shí)，我們與自然的聯(lián)系有望得到加強(qiáng))”和“TheOldSettler’sMusicFestival”部分中的“ThefestivalisheldinthecountryofTexasattheheightofthewildflowerseason.(這個(gè)節(jié)日在得克薩斯州野花盛開(kāi)的季節(jié)舉行)”可知，這兩個(gè)音樂(lè)節(jié)與大自然有關(guān)。故選D。BIt’softensaidthatpeoplewhoarebornblindorlosetheirsight,especiallywhenyoung,cantouch,taste,smell,andhearbetterthanthosewhocansee.DonnaPosont,whoisblind,helpsothersusetheirenhancedhearingtodetectthousandsofbirdsongs.PosontisagraduateoftheUniversityofMichigan-Dearborn.Sheleadsamonthlyprogramshefoundedatthecollege.It’scalledBirdingbyEarandBeyond.It’sheldonSaturdayeachmonth.Duringtheprogram,Posontleadsvisually-impairedpeoplethrough120acresofcampusforest.Theylistenforthesoundsofmanybirds.Theseincludecrows,geese,chickadees,woodpeckers,robins,andred-wingedblackbirds.Participantslearntotellthesometimessubtledifferencesbetweenbirdspecies.Theyalsolearnhoweachbirdfitsintotheirhabitat.“Theworldisdesignedforsightedpeople,butnatureisaspecialplacewhereit’sokaytobeblind,”P(pán)osonttoldTheWashingtonPost.“Youcanuseyourothersensestolearnwhybirdsandnatureareimportantandhowitallworks(asone).Tome,that’sthebeautyofit.”P(pán)osontis67yearsold.Shehasbeenblindsincesecondgrade.Shewasbornwithretinitispigmentosa.It’saworseningconditionthataffectsthebackwalloftheeye.Shegraduatedinenvironmentalstudiesfromthecollege.She’salsoacertifiedinterpretiveguideandpart-timenaturalistatMichigan-Dearborn.JerusalemCrawleyfirstmetPosontatasummercampforthevisuallyimpaired.He’sbeenattendingherclassesfor15years.Asachild,Crawleysaidhehadnoideatherewerethousandsofbirdspecies.“Iusedtothinkallbirdswerealike,”CrawleytoldAudubonMagazine.“Thisopenedmyeyes,”hesaid.Throughherprogram,Posontnotonlyhelpsvisuallyimpairedindividualsconnectwithnaturebutalsoinspiresthemtochallengetheirperceptionsandembracetheworldthroughadifferentlens.Theabilitytoidentifybirdsbyearbecomesagatewaytounderstandingtherelationshipswithinecosystemsandthevalueofnature.4.WhatdoesPosont’sprogramfocuson?A.Trainingblindpeopletobenatureguides.B.Providingblindpeopleasafeoutdoorspace.C.Helpingblindpeopleidentifybirdsbysound.D.Leadingblindpeopletoprotectcampusforest.5.WhydoesPosontthinknatureisaspecialplaceforblindpeople?A.Naturehelpspeoplelearnaboutbirds’habitat.B.Naturebenefitsblindpeople’sphysicalhealth.C.Blindpeoplecanstudythebehaviorofwildlife.D.Blindpeoplecanexperiencenaturewithothersenses.6.Whatcanyouinferfromthelastparagraph?A.TheprocessofPosont’sprogram.B.ThechallengeofPosont’sprogram.C.ThedevelopmentofPosont’sprogram.D.ThesignificanceofPosont’sprogram.7.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.BirdingbyEar:AProgramfortheBlindB.BeautyofNature:AJourneyofDiscoveryC.NaturalSound:AJourneytotheUnknownD.DonnaPosont:AVolunteerforBirdProtection【答案】4.C5.D6.D7.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了盲人女性DonnaPosont如何利用聲音辨別鳥(niǎo)類,并以此為基礎(chǔ)創(chuàng)辦了BirdingbyEarandBeyond項(xiàng)目，幫助其他視障人士通過(guò)聽(tīng)覺(jué)體驗(yàn)自然世界。文章通過(guò)Posont的經(jīng)歷和項(xiàng)目參與者的感受，展現(xiàn)了自然界對(duì)視障人士的獨(dú)特意義，以及利用非視覺(jué)感官探索世界的可能性?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Duringtheprogram,Posontleadsvisually-impairedpeoplethrough120acresofcampusforest.Theylistenforthesoundsofmanybirds.Theseincludecrows,geese,chickadees,woodpeckers,robins,andred-wingedblackbirds.(在這個(gè)項(xiàng)目中，波斯特帶領(lǐng)視障人士穿過(guò)120英畝的校園森林。他們傾聽(tīng)許多鳥(niǎo)的叫聲。這些鳥(niǎo)類包括烏鴉、鵝、山雀、啄木鳥(niǎo)、知更鳥(niǎo)和紅翼黑鳥(niǎo))”可知，Posont的項(xiàng)目旨在幫助視障人士通過(guò)聲音辨別鳥(niǎo)類。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中Posont所說(shuō)“Theworldisdesignedforsightedpeople,butnatureisaspecialplacewhereit’sokaytobeblind(這個(gè)世界是為視力正常的人設(shè)計(jì)的，但大自然是一個(gè)特殊的地方，在那里盲人也沒(méi)關(guān)系)”以及“Youcanuseyourothersensestolearnwhybirdsandnatureareimportantandhowitallworks.(你可以用你的其他感官來(lái)了解為什么鳥(niǎo)類和自然是重要的，以及它們是如何作為一個(gè)整體運(yùn)作的)”可知，她認(rèn)為自然界為視障人士提供了利用其他感官體驗(yàn)世界的機(jī)會(huì)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Throughherprogram,Posontnotonlyhelpsvisuallyimpairedindividualsconnectwithnaturebutalsoinspiresthemtochallengetheirperceptionsandembracetheworldthroughadifferentlens.Theabilitytoidentifybirdsbyearbecomesagatewaytounderstandingtherelationshipswithinecosystemsandthevalueofnature.(通過(guò)她的項(xiàng)目，Posont不僅幫助視障人士與自然聯(lián)系，還激勵(lì)他們挑戰(zhàn)自己的觀念，通過(guò)不同的視角擁抱世界。通過(guò)耳朵識(shí)別鳥(niǎo)類的能力成為理解生態(tài)系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部關(guān)系和自然價(jià)值的門(mén)戶)”可知，該段總結(jié)了Posont的項(xiàng)目的意義，說(shuō)明它不僅幫助視障人士與自然建立聯(lián)系，更重要的是鼓勵(lì)他們挑戰(zhàn)感知，從不同的角度擁抱世界。通過(guò)辨別鳥(niǎo)類聲音，他們能夠理解生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中的關(guān)系和自然價(jià)值，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)自我成長(zhǎng)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“It’softensaidthatpeoplewhoarebornblindorlosetheirsight,especiallywhenyoung,cantouch,taste,smell,andhearbetterthanthosewhocansee.DonnaPosont,whoisblind,helpsothersusetheirenhancedhearingtodetectthousandsofbirdsongs.(人們常說(shuō)，天生失明或失明的人，尤其是在年輕時(shí)，比那些能看見(jiàn)的人在觸覺(jué)、味覺(jué)、嗅覺(jué)和聽(tīng)覺(jué)方面都要好。唐娜·波森特是盲人，她幫助其他人利用他們?cè)鰪?qiáng)的聽(tīng)覺(jué)來(lái)探測(cè)成千上萬(wàn)的鳥(niǎo)鳴)”及第二段“Sheleadsamonthlyprogramshefoundedatthecollege.It’scalledBirdingbyEarandBeyond.(她領(lǐng)導(dǎo)著她在學(xué)院創(chuàng)立的一個(gè)月度項(xiàng)目)”及最后一段“Throughherprogram,Posontnotonlyhelpsvisuallyimpairedindividualsconnectwithnaturebutalsoinspiresthemtochallengetheirperceptionsandembracetheworldthroughadifferentlens.(通過(guò)她的項(xiàng)目，Posont不僅幫助視障人士與自然聯(lián)系，還激勵(lì)他們挑戰(zhàn)自己的觀念，通過(guò)不同的視角擁抱世界)”并結(jié)合全文可知，本文主要講述了DonnaPosont為視障人士創(chuàng)辦的BirdingbyEarandBeyond項(xiàng)目，該項(xiàng)目以聲音辨別鳥(niǎo)類為核心，并介紹了這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的具體安排及其意義。故選A項(xiàng)。CHowimportantarethefirstthreeepisodes(集)toashow?Thefirstthreeepisodesofadramaarecrucialforkeepingviewersengaged.TencentVideodatasuggeststhatalmost40%ofviewersabandonashowwithinthefirstthreeepisodes,with35%ofthoseabandoningitwithinthefirstsevenminutesofthefirstepisode.Butnow,theoldrulesofjudgingashowbyitsfirstfewepisodesarefading.Theaudiencehasdevelopedfromthedouble-speedwatchingatthebeginningtothecommentary-style(彈幕式)watching,andthentothefragmented(碎片化)watchingthatisappearingnow.Theaudience’sspeedofwatchingshowshasbeenspeedingup.Whentheaudienceismoreandmorecasualinwatchingshows,wecan’thelpbutask,isitbecauseshowsnowadaysarebad?Orisitbecausetheaudienceisimpatient?Foryoungpeoplewhoareactiveonsocialmedia,theyhavemanychoices.Whenanewshowcomesout,theywillnotwatchthefirstthreeepisodes,butgotoWeibo,Doubanandothersocialmediaplatformstowatchshortvideoclips.Whenashowcan’tgetpopularinthefirstweek,itbasicallyfails.ThepoetColeridgesaid“Water,watereverywhere,butnotadroptodrink.”Thisexplainsthevalueofshortvideos:inthecrowdedfieldofinformation,youcan’tgetanyusefulknowledge.Watchingshowsbyshortvideosisdifferentfromwatchingmoviesorreadingnovels.Whilewearesurroundedbyshortvideos,findingrealknowledgeisastruggle.Shortvideosofferinstantsatisfactionbutlackdepth,finallydestroyingtheartisticvalueoffilmandtelevision.Thisconstantstreamoffragmentedinformationcanmakeuslazythinkers.Nowadays,peopledon’thavethepatiencetowatchamovie,afamousbook,oranin-deptharticle.NeilPostman’swarningthatwe’rebecoming“amusedtodeath”isprovingtrue.8.WhatdoesthedatafromTencentVideosuggest?A.Viewers’expectationforshows.B.Viewers’impatiencewithshows.C.Viewers’opinionsonmakingshows.D.Viewers’reasonsforabandoningshows.9.Whyhavetheaudiencechangedtheirhabitsofwatchingshows?A.Theshowshavebecomelongertoday.B.Thequalityofshowshasdecreasedgreatly.C.Audiencemaynotlikewatchingshowsasbefore.D.Socialmediaprovidesmanychoicesofshortvideos.10.Whatistheinfluenceofwatchingshowsbyshortvideos?A.Itwillreduceviewers’confusion.B.Itwillnarrowviewers’horizon.C.Itwillweakenviewers’thinkingabilities.D.Itwillprovideviewersusefulknowledge.11.Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutthechangeinwatchingshows?A.Worried. B.Surprised. C.Uncertain. D.Satisfied.【答案】8.B9.D10.C11.A【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要講述了隨著觀看習(xí)慣的改變，電視劇的前幾集對(duì)觀眾吸引力的重要性減弱，以及碎片化觀看趨勢(shì)影響影視藝術(shù)價(jià)值?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。由文章第一段中“TencentVideodatasuggeststhatalmost40%ofviewersabandonashowwithinthefirstthreeepisodes,with35%ofthoseabandoningitwithinthefirstsevenminutesofthefirstepisode.(騰訊視頻的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，近40%的觀眾在前三集就放棄了一部劇，35%的觀眾在第一集的前七分鐘就放棄了這部劇。)”可知，觀眾對(duì)電視劇的耐心不足。故選B?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。由文章第三段“Whentheaudienceismoreandmorecasualinwatchingshows,wecan’thelpbutask,isitbecauseshowsnowadaysarebad?Orisitbecausetheaudienceisimpatient?Foryoungpeoplewhoareactiveonsocialmedia,theyhavemanychoices.Whenanewshowcomesout,theywillnotwatchthefirstthreeepisodes,butgotoWeibo,Doubanandothersocialmediaplatformstowatchshortvideoclips.Whenashowcan’tgetpopularinthefirstweek,itbasicallyfails.(當(dāng)觀眾越來(lái)越隨意地看節(jié)目時(shí)，我們不禁要問(wèn)，這是因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在的節(jié)目不好嗎？還是因?yàn)槁?tīng)眾沒(méi)有耐心？對(duì)于活躍在社交媒體上的年輕人來(lái)說(shuō)，他們有很多選擇。當(dāng)一部新劇播出時(shí)，他們不會(huì)看前三集，而是去微博、豆瓣等社交媒體平臺(tái)看短視頻。如果一部劇在第一周不受歡迎，它基本上就失敗了。)”可知，社交媒體提供了很多短視頻的選擇，改變了觀眾的觀劇習(xí)慣。故選D?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第四段中“Thisconstantstreamoffragmentedinformationcanmakeuslazythinkers.(這種持續(xù)不斷的碎片化信息會(huì)讓我們變得懶惰。)”可知，這說(shuō)明通過(guò)短視頻看劇會(huì)削弱觀眾的思維能力。故選C?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。由文章最后一段“Nowadays,peopledon’thavethepatiencetowatchamovie,afamousbook,oranin-deptharticle.NeilPostman’swarningthatwe’rebecoming“amusedtodeath”isprovingtrue.(現(xiàn)在，人們沒(méi)有耐心去看一部電影、一本名著或一篇深入的文章。NeilPostman警告說(shuō)，我們正變得“被逗樂(lè)到死”，事實(shí)證明這是真的。)”可知，作者對(duì)觀劇習(xí)慣的改變感到擔(dān)憂。故選A。DWherewerethedullsoundsofflyinginsectshittingagainstthelightbulb?Eventheabsentsingingofcicadasorcrickets,whichevertheywere,hadquieteditsinstruments.Wherehavealltheinsectsgone?Ourownexistencedependsonadiverseinsectworld.Studiesshowthatwheremoreinsectspeciesarepresent,pollination(授粉)ismorereliable.AsDaveGoulson,professorofbiology,pointsoutinhisbookSilentEarth:AvertingtheInsectApocalypse,aboutthree-quartersofallcropsgrownbyhumansrequirepollinationbyanimals,thevastmajoritybyinsects.“Wecouldnotfeedtheglobalhumanpopulationwithoutpollinators,”hewrites.It’snotjustaboutbeesandbutterflies,thebeautifulinsects.Other,lessvisuallyappealingpollinatorssuchasflies,moths,andearwigsarealsoshowingdeclines.Severalofthesespeciesdon’tjustpollinate.Theyalsoeatthepest(害蟲(chóng))insectsthatruincrops.Itturnsoutthatecologistsandentomologistsaroundtheworldhavebeenwarningaboutdeclininginsectnumbersforyears.Theculpritsareclimatechange,habitatloss,lightpollution,intensivefarming,pesticideandfertilizeruse.Butit’sastruggletogetpeopletoact.Afterall,wehumanshaveacomplicatedrelationshipwithoursix-leggedfellowcompanions.WhocanforgetthehorrorofKafka’sMetamorphosis(《變形記》),whereatravellingsalesmanwakesuponemorningtofindhimselftransformedintoaninsect?Eveninsectslikebutterfliesandbeescanseemstrangewhenyoulookatthemclosely.Maybewe’vebeenignoringthembecausetheyseemdifferentfromus.Somestepsmaybeassimpleasturningoffartificiallight.ArecentstudyinChinafoundthattreesinBeijing,litbystreetlightsatnight,seemtohavetougherleaves.Inotherwords,insectsareprobablybeingstarvedinthearea.Weshouldchangeourattitudestoinsects.Thoseannoyingflieshoveringaroundyourfoodaresimplydoingwhattheywerebornfor.They’rerecycling.Withoutthemwemightbewonderingwhattodoaboutrotting(腐爛的)waste.Besides,they’refoodforbirds,andUKbirdpopulationshavegreatlydecreasedinrecentyears.12.Whatcanwelearnaboutinsectsinthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Insectdeclinethreatensglobalfoodsupply.B.Beautifulinsectscanhelpkillthepests.C.Lessappealinginsectsareontheincrease.D.Insectpollinationaffectsthecroptypes.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“culprits”meaninparagraph3?A.Causes. B.Solutions. C.Effects. D.Consequences.14.WhatdoestheauthorwanttosaybymentioningKafka’sMetamorphosis?A.Thebookofinsectsisinteresting.B.Unattractiveinsectsareignored.C.Ourrelationshipwithinsectsisfarfromsimple.D.Insectsareeverywhereinourlives.15.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Toexplorethediversityoftheinsects.B.Tocomparethedifferentfeaturesofinsects.C.Toreviewthehistoryofhuman-insectrelationship.D.Towarnabouttheinsectdeclineanditseffects.【答案】12.A13.A14.C15.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章以昆蟲(chóng)數(shù)量減少的現(xiàn)象切入，引出昆蟲(chóng)對(duì)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)和人類生存的重要性，并指出昆蟲(chóng)數(shù)量下降是由于氣候變化、棲息地喪失、光污染、集約化農(nóng)業(yè)、殺蟲(chóng)劑和化肥使用等因素造成的，并強(qiáng)調(diào)了人類對(duì)昆蟲(chóng)的態(tài)度需要改變。【12題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Wherewerethedullsoundsofflyinginsectshittingagainstthelightbulb?Eventheabsentsingingofcicadasorcrickets,whichevertheywere,hadquieteditsinstruments.Wherehavealltheinsectsgone?(那些飛行昆蟲(chóng)撞擊燈泡時(shí)發(fā)出的沉悶聲響去哪兒了？就連蟬或蟋蟀那種若有若無(wú)的鳴叫聲也已消失得無(wú)影無(wú)蹤，仿佛它們的“樂(lè)器”也已停止了演奏。所有的昆蟲(chóng)都去哪兒了？)”和第二段“Ourownexistencedependsonadiverseinsectworld.Studiesshowthatwheremoreinsectspeciesarepresent,pollination(授粉)ismorereliable.AsDaveGoulson,professorofbiology,pointsoutinhisbook

SilentEarth:AvertingtheInsectApocalypse,aboutthree-quartersofallcropsgrownbyhumansrequirepollinationbyanimals,thevastmajoritybyinsects.“Wecouldnotfeedtheglobalhumanpopulationwithoutpollinators,”hewrites.

(我們的生存依賴于一個(gè)多樣化的昆蟲(chóng)世界。研究表明，昆蟲(chóng)種類越多的地方，授粉就越可靠。生物學(xué)教授DaveGoulson在他的書(shū)《寂靜的地球：避免昆蟲(chóng)末日》中指出，人類種植的所有作物中，約有四分之三需要?jiǎng)游锸诜?，其中絕大多數(shù)是昆蟲(chóng)?！皼](méi)有傳粉媒介，我們無(wú)法養(yǎng)活全球人口，”他寫(xiě)道)”可知，文章引出昆蟲(chóng)數(shù)量下降的現(xiàn)象，并且重點(diǎn)說(shuō)明了昆蟲(chóng)對(duì)人類食物生產(chǎn)的重要性。并強(qiáng)調(diào)沒(méi)有授粉者，我們無(wú)法養(yǎng)活全球人口。這表明昆蟲(chóng)數(shù)量下降威脅著全球糧食供應(yīng)。故選A?！?3題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Itturnsoutthatecologistsandentomologistsaroundtheworldhavebeenwarningaboutdeclininginsectnumbersforyears.(事實(shí)證明，世界各地的生態(tài)學(xué)家和昆蟲(chóng)學(xué)家多年來(lái)一直在警告昆蟲(chóng)數(shù)量下降)”以及劃線詞下文“areclimatechange,habitatloss,lightpollution,intensivefarming,pesticideandfertilizeruse.(是氣候變化、棲息地喪失、光污染、集約化農(nóng)業(yè)、農(nóng)藥和化肥的使用。)”可推測(cè)，劃線詞所在句指出昆蟲(chóng)數(shù)量下降的原因是氣候變化、棲息地喪失、光污染、集約化農(nóng)業(yè)、農(nóng)藥和化肥的使用?！癟heculprits”指的是這些導(dǎo)致昆蟲(chóng)數(shù)量下降的因素、原因，culprits指“原因”，和causes同義，故選A?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Butit’sastruggletogetpeopletoact.Afterall,wehumanshaveacomplicatedrelationshipwithoursix-leggedfellowcompanions.WhocanforgetthehorrorofKafka’sMetamorphosis (《變形記》),whereatravellingsalesmanwakesuponemorningtofindhimselftransformedintoaninsect?Eveninsectslikebutterfliesandbeescanseemstrangewhenyoulookatthemclosely.Maybewe’vebeenignoringthembecausetheyseemdifferentfromus.(但要讓人們行動(dòng)起來(lái)是很困難的。畢竟，我們?nèi)祟惻c六條腿的同伴有著復(fù)雜的關(guān)系。誰(shuí)能忘記卡夫卡的《變形記》（Metamorphosis）中的恐怖情節(jié)呢？一個(gè)旅行推銷員一天早上醒來(lái)，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己變成了一只昆蟲(chóng)。即使是蝴蝶和蜜蜂這樣的昆蟲(chóng)，當(dāng)你仔細(xì)觀察它們時(shí)，也會(huì)覺(jué)得很奇怪。也許我們一直忽視它們是因?yàn)樗鼈兛雌饋?lái)和我們不同)”可推斷，作者用卡夫卡的《變形記》這本書(shū)的例子來(lái)進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明人類對(duì)昆蟲(chóng)的復(fù)雜感情。故選C?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。文章從昆蟲(chóng)數(shù)量減少的現(xiàn)象切入，并重點(diǎn)闡述了昆蟲(chóng)數(shù)量下降的原因以及對(duì)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)和人類生活的影響。作者通過(guò)一系列論證，呼吁人們重視昆蟲(chóng)的價(jià)值，并采取措施保護(hù)昆蟲(chóng)。因此，文章的目的是警告人們昆蟲(chóng)數(shù)量下降及其影響。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)多余選項(xiàng)。Ifyou’relookingforreasonstostarttrainingyourself-discipline,thenyoucanbeginbylookingatthebenefitsofbeingself-disciplined.Herearesomepointsyoumaybeinterestedin.?ImprovedphysicalhealthIfyou’reself-disciplined,you’llbebetterabletosaynototheurgestoconductunhealthybehaviorslikeovereating,excessivedrinking,andsmoking.___16___.Suchbehaviorsincludeexercisingregularly,maintainingahealthydietandlifestyle,andevenmakingbehavioralchanges.?___17___Alackofself-disciplinecanleadtoprocrastination(拖延).Itcanalsoleadtoinabilitytoreachimportantgoals.Ifyoutendtoprocrastinate,youmayfindyourselfoftenworkingunderpressureandstrugglingtomeetdeadlines.Ifyou’reunabletoreachimportantgoals,itcancausestressandanxietyaboutthefutureandchipawayatyourself-confidence.Butifyoucanlearnself-discipline,you’llfindthatyou’relessstressedandanxiousbecauseyou’relivinguptoyourexpectationsanddoingwhatyousetouttodo.___18___.?Increasedself-worthandhappinessSelf-disciplineincreasesself-worthbecausewhenyouachievethegoalsyousetforyourself,youbuildbeliefandconfidenceinyourself.Eachachievement,nomatterhowsmall,isabuildingblock.___19___.Theyincreaseyourhappiness,too.Studiesshowthatthemoreproductivepeopleare,thehappiertheyfeel.?BetterinterpersonalskillsLearningself-disciplineisgreatforrelationships.___20___.Beingabletostopforamomentandreflectonhowyoufeelbeforeactingisanimportantinterpersonalskill.Ithelpsyouhandleconflicteffectivelywithoutbecomingoverlyprotectiveorlosingyourtemperandreactingangrily.A.ReducedstressandanxietyB.LessprocrastinationandmorerealisticexpectationsC.Asamatteroffact,self-disciplineisnotabouthowyouactD.ItwillalsobringpositiveemotionsandmakeyoufeelgoodaboutyourselfE.Aself-disciplinedpersonisbetterabletomanageemotionsintelligentlyF.Additionally,you’llfinditeasiertosticktobehaviorsthatpromotewell-beingG.Anumberofthemgraduallyformafirmbasisofbeliefandconfidencewithinyou【答案】16.F17.A18.D19.G20.E【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了自律的好處?！?6題詳析】前一句“Ifyou’reself-disciplined,you’llbebetterabletosaynototheurgestoconductunhealthybehaviorslikeovereating,excessivedrinking,andsmoking.(如果你是自律的，你就能更好地對(duì)不健康行為的沖動(dòng)說(shuō)不，比如暴飲暴食、酗酒和吸煙。)”講的是自律可以幫助你拒絕不健康的行為，后一句“Suchbehaviorsincludeexercisingregularly,maintainingahealthydietandlifestyle,andevenmakingbehavioralchanges.(這些行為包括定期鍛煉，保持健康的飲食和生活方式，甚至是行為上的改變。)”列舉了積極健康的行為(如規(guī)律鍛煉、健康飲食等)，中間空格應(yīng)起到“承接上句，引出下句”的作用，說(shuō)明自律不僅能拒絕壞行為，還能堅(jiān)持好行為。選項(xiàng)F“Additionally,you’llfinditeasiertosticktobehaviorsthatpromotewell-being(此外，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)更容易堅(jiān)持促進(jìn)健康的行為)”承接上文的“拒絕不良行為”，引出“堅(jiān)持促進(jìn)健康的行為”，與后文列舉內(nèi)容緊密呼應(yīng)。故選F項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】空格處是段落的小標(biāo)題，根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容“Butifyoucanlearnself-discipline,you’llfindthatyou’relessstressedandanxiousbecauseyou’relivinguptoyourexpectationsanddoingwhatyousetouttodo.(但是如果你能學(xué)會(huì)自律，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)你的壓力和焦慮減少了，因?yàn)槟悴还钾?fù)你的期望，做你開(kāi)始做的事情。)”可知，該段主要強(qiáng)調(diào)自律可以減少壓力和焦慮。所以A項(xiàng)“Reducedstressandanxiety(減少焦慮和壓力)”作為該部分的小標(biāo)題，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】空格處的句子“Butifyoucanlearnself-discipline,you’llfindthatyou’relessstressedandanxiousbecauseyou’relivinguptoyourexpectationsanddoingwhatyousetouttodo.(但是如果你能學(xué)會(huì)自律，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)你的壓力和焦慮減少了，因?yàn)槟悴还钾?fù)你的期望，做你開(kāi)始做的事情。)”講自律能減少壓力和焦慮，因你達(dá)成了自己的目標(biāo)?？崭裉帒?yīng)為對(duì)前面內(nèi)容的進(jìn)一步補(bǔ)充。選項(xiàng)D“Itwillalsobringpositiveemotionsandmakeyoufeelgoodaboutyourself(它也會(huì)帶來(lái)積極的情緒，讓你自我感覺(jué)良好)”進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明自律的好處，填入空格處，符合語(yǔ)境。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】前一句“Eachachievement,nomatterhowsmall,isabuildingblock.(每一項(xiàng)成就，無(wú)論多么小，都是一個(gè)基石。)”講的是每一次成就都是自信的基石，后一句“Theyincreaseyourhappiness,too.(它們也會(huì)增加你的幸福感。)”說(shuō)這些成就也提升了幸福感?？崭裉帒?yīng)是對(duì)“成就積累自信”的進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明。選項(xiàng)G“Anumberofthemgraduallyformafirmbasisofbeliefandconfidencewithinyou(許多這樣的成就逐漸在你內(nèi)心建立起堅(jiān)定的信念和自信)”承接“buildingblock”的比喻，自然過(guò)渡到幸福感的提升，邏輯清晰、語(yǔ)言連貫。故選G項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】本段講自律對(duì)人際關(guān)系的積極影響。前句“Learningself-disciplineisgreatforrelationships.(學(xué)會(huì)自律對(duì)人際關(guān)系大有裨益。)”講自律對(duì)人際關(guān)系有好處，后句“Beingabletostopforamomentandreflectonhowyoufeelbeforeactingisanimportantinterpersonalskill.Ithelpsyouhandleconflicteffectivelywithoutbecomingoverlyprotectiveorlosingyourtemperandreactingangrily.(能夠在行動(dòng)之前停下來(lái)思考一下自己的感受是一項(xiàng)重要的人際交往技巧。它可以幫助你有效地處理沖突，而不會(huì)變得過(guò)度保護(hù)或發(fā)脾氣和生氣。)”具體說(shuō)明自律如何幫助控制情緒從而提升人際交往能力。選項(xiàng)E“Aself-disciplinedpersonisbetterabletomanageemotionsintelligently(自律的人更能明智地管理情緒)”承上啟下，既說(shuō)明自律與人際關(guān)系的聯(lián)系，又為下文“控制情緒”提供了支持。故選E項(xiàng)。第三部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Thebondbetweenmotheranddaughterisirreplaceable.Oneofthemostfamouswomenscientistsofthe20thcentury,MarieCurie,worked___21___herdaughterIreneinthefieldofradioactivity,eachofthem___22___earningtheirownNobelPrize.Today,therearemore___23___mother-and-daughterpairsshowingwhathappenswhen___24___workstogether.InApril2020,Dr.CynthiaKudjiandherdaughterDr.JasmineKudjihavebecomethefirstmotheranddaughterto___25___fromthemedicalschoolatthesametimeandbeplacedinthesamehospital.CynthiaKudjiputherdreamofbecominga___26___onholdwhenshebecamepregnant(懷孕的)at23.Sheworkedasanurseforalmostadecade___27___makingthedecisiontoattendthemedicalschoolattheUniversityofMedicineandHealthSciences.___28___,herdaughterJasmineattendedLouisianaStateUniversitySchoolofmedicine.Atfirst,itwas___29___forthemtoliveandstudysofarapartfromoneanother.“IthoughtinitiallyitwashardbecausemymomandIhadalwaysbeenreally____30____soIhadtogetusedtothe____31____,”Dr.JasmineKudjiexplainstoAfroTech.Althoughtheexperiencewasdifficult,italsohad____32____results.“Sometimespeoplestruggletofindsomeonewho____33____theirstruggles,soforthatpersontobemymomwasextremelyhelpful,”sheadds.Afteryearsapart,bothCynthiaandherdaughterearnedtheirM.D.degree.Thenon“MatchDay”whenrecentmedschoolgraduates____34____theresultsoftheirresidency(高級(jí)?？谱≡荷鷮?shí)習(xí)期)applications,CynthiaandJasminelearnedthattheywere____35____inthesamehospital.Thispairofmotheranddaughterprovesthatfamilycandoanythingtogether.21.A.under B.alongside C.for D.around22.A.constantly B.eventually C.initially D.occasionally23.A.inspiring B.moving C.shocking D.satisfying24.A.team B.community C.family D.class25.A.escape B.skip C.quit D.graduate26.A.nurse B.doctor C.student D.scientist27.A.after B.upon C.before D.with28.A.Therefore B.Besides C.Afterwards D.Meanwhile29.A.natural B.difficult C.boring D.important30.A.close B.nervous C.successful D.confident31.A.role B.distance C.journey D.relationship32.A.mixed B.apparent C.lasting D.beneficial33.A.relatesto B.appealsto C.adaptsto D.refersto34.A.announced B.confirmed C.discovered D.promoted35.A.rejected B.ranked C.praised D.placed【答案】21.B22.B23.A24.C25.D26.B27.C28.D29.B30.A31.B32.D33.A34.C35.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了一對(duì)母女朝著同一方向共同努力最終獲得成功的故事?！?1題詳析】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：20世紀(jì)最著名的女科學(xué)家之一，MarieCurie，和她的女兒Irene一起在放射性領(lǐng)域工作，她們每個(gè)人最終都獲得了諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)。A.under在……下面；B.alongside與……在一起；C.for為了；D.around圍繞。根據(jù)前文“Thebondbetweenmotheranddaughterisirreplaceable.”和后文“when______workstogether”可知，MarieCurie和她的女兒一起工作。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：母女之間的紐帶是不可替代的。20世紀(jì)最著名的女科學(xué)家之一，瑪麗·居里，和她的女兒艾琳一起在放射性領(lǐng)域工作，她們每個(gè)人最終都獲得了諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)。A.constantly經(jīng)常；B.eventually最終；C.initially最初；D.occasionally偶爾地。根據(jù)常識(shí)以及后文“earningtheirownNobelPrize”可知，獲獎(jiǎng)是奮斗的結(jié)果，經(jīng)過(guò)努力工作，最終她們獲得了諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：今天，有更多鼓舞人心的母女展示了當(dāng)家人一起工作時(shí)會(huì)發(fā)生什么。A.inspiring鼓舞人心的；B.moving令人感動(dòng)的；C.shocking令人震驚的；D.satisfying令人滿意的。根據(jù)前文“earningtheirownNobelPrize”可以推知，還有更多的鼓舞人心的成功事例。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：今天，有更多鼓舞人心的母女展示了當(dāng)家人一起工作時(shí)會(huì)發(fā)生什么。A.team團(tuán)隊(duì)；B.community社區(qū)；C.family家庭；D.class班級(jí)。根據(jù)前文“mother-and-daughterpairs”可知，一家人在一起工作。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：2020年4月，CynthiaKudji博士和她的女兒JasmineKudji博士成為第一個(gè)同時(shí)從醫(yī)學(xué)院畢業(yè)并被安置在同一家醫(yī)院的母親和女兒。A.escape逃跑；B.skip跳過(guò)；C.quit退出；D.graduate畢業(yè)。根據(jù)常識(shí)及后文“fromthemedicalschoolatthesametimeandbeplacedinthesamehospital”，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，她們畢業(yè)后被安置工作。故選D項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)CynthiaKudji在23歲懷孕時(shí)，放棄了她想成為一個(gè)醫(yī)生的夢(mèng)想。A.nurse護(hù)士；B.doctor醫(yī)生；C.student學(xué)生；D.scientist科學(xué)家。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及后文“Sheworkedasanurseforalmostadecade______makingthedecisiontoattendthemedicalschoolattheUniversityofMedicineandHealthSciences.”，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知，Cynthia曾經(jīng)是一名護(hù)士，但她夢(mèng)想做一名醫(yī)生。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：在她決定去醫(yī)學(xué)與健康科學(xué)大學(xué)上醫(yī)學(xué)院之前，她做了將近十年的護(hù)士。A.after在……之后；B.upon在上面；C.before在……之前；D.with和……一起。前文“Sheworkedasanurseforalmostadecade”和后文“makingthedecisiontoattendthemedicalschoolattheUniversityofMedicineandHealthSciences”有時(shí)間上的前后關(guān)系，根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，在她去醫(yī)學(xué)院之前做過(guò)十年的護(hù)士。故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：與此同時(shí)，她的女兒Jasmine就讀于路易斯安那州立大學(xué)醫(yī)學(xué)院。A.Therefore因此；B.Besides除此之外；C.Afterwards后來(lái)；D.Meanwhile同時(shí)。根據(jù)前文“InApril2020,Dr.CynthiaKudjiandherdaughterDr.JasmineKudji