哈爾濱市第九中學(xué)2025—2026學(xué)年度高三上學(xué)期期中考試英語試卷(考試時間：120分鐘滿分：150分)第一部分(聽力測試共兩節(jié)每小題1分滿分20分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1分，滿分5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Selectingacupboard.B.Sortingouttheclothes.C.Tidyingupthestoreroom.2.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Heishighlyfocused.B.Heisnotgoodatmultitasking.C.HeiseasilybotheredbytheTV.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Thedevelopmentofprintingnewspapers.B.Latestfeaturesofmobilephones.C.Changesinnewsconsumption.4.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inataxi.B.Inagiftshop.C.Inarestaurant.5.Whydoesthemanplain?A.Hedidn’tgetareplytohismessage.B.Hegottheinaccurateinformation.C.Hemetanunprofessionalworker.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)聽下面5段對話或獨白，每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhatcanwelearnaboutthemanandSam?A.Theygetalongwell.B.Theywilldoaprojecttogether.C.Theyhavetroubleworkingtogether.7.WhatdoesthemanthinkofSam?A.Heismean.B.Heisdirect.C.Heisfriendly.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.WhydoesJackmakethecall?A.Torescheduleanappointment.B.Toconfirmanappointment.C.Tocancelanappointment.9.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.TreatJackherself.B.Takealunchbreak.C.TellDr.Leeanemergency.聽第8段材料，目答第10至12題。10.WhatistherelationshipbetweenJaniceandMr.Franks?A.Bossandsecretary.B.Deliverymanandcustomer.C.Salesrepresentativeandcustomer.11.WhatproblemdidMr.Franksbringup?A.Alatedelivery.B.Amistakenorder.C.Anoverduepayment.12.WhodidJanicecontacttoday?A.AnITtechnician.B.Mr.Franks.C.Herworkmate.聽第9段材料，目答第13至16題。13.WhatdoesMaxthinkisthebestsolutiontohishomesickness?A.Keepinghimselfbusy.B.Goingbackhomeduringbreaks.C.Beingwithhisfamily’spany.14.WhatisMax’sopiniononfilmingunderwater?A.Easy.B.Stressful.C.Dangerous.15.Whatshouldanunderwaterfilmmakerbegoodat?A.Makingpredictions.B.Dealingwithemergencies.C.Handlingthepressure.16.WhatdoesMaxadviseawouldbefilmmakertodo?A.Focusononethingatatime.B.Buyaprofessionalcamera.C.Practicefilminglocally.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhydoesDonwanttoattendthesale?A.Toattractattentiontohisdaughter`sillness.B.Totrytohelpchildreninneed.C.Tocallfornatureconservation.18.HowoldisJamesChangnow?A.56.B.65.C.69.19.Whosepicturesmightappealtoabstractartenthusiasts?A.DonStudley’s.B.NatalieStevens’s.C.JamesChang’s.20.WhataremostofNatalieStevens’sworksabout?ABirds.B.People.C.Countries.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AVolunteeratAmericanMuseumofNaturalHistoryAmericanMuseumofNaturalHistory(AMNH)isoneoftheworld’soutstandingscientificandculturalinstitutions.Sinceitsfoundingin1869,themuseumhasadvanceditsglobalmissiontodiscover,interpret,andspreadinformationabouthumancultures,thenaturalworld,andtheuniversethroughawiderangingprogramofscientificresearch,education,andexhibition.AMNHislocatedwithinLenaphoking,theancestrallandoftheLenape.WeacknowledgeandhonorthepresentdayLenapefortheirongoingrestorativerelationshipwiththeirhomeland.AMNH’scollectionsofresearchspecimens(標(biāo)本)numbermorethan30million,anditscollectionsoffossilsandinsectsareamongthelargestintheworld.Besides,itconductsawiderangeofeducationalactivitiesforthepublicandpublishesthemonthlymagazineNaturalHistory.BeingaVolunteer★Theminimumageis16,andthereisnoupperlimit.★Youmustprovidearegularmitmentoftime,rangingfromonehalfdaytoseveraldaysperweek,foratleastoneyear.★Allapplicantsmustpleteouronlineapplication.Onceyouhavepletedtheapplication,youmayalsocontactusdirectlyregardingspecificopenings.ButterflyConservatoryExplainersTheButterflyConservatoryislookingforexplainerstoassistintheDavisFamilyButterflyVivariumwhichislocatedintheNewRichardGilderCenterforScience,Education,andInnovation.Interestedapplicantsshouldbeoutgoing,scientificallyminded,andkidfriendly.Thepositioninvolvesansweringvisitors’questionsaboutbasicbutterflybiology,ensuringvisitorsfollowtheexhibitrulesandhelpingguestsenjoytheirvisit.Volunteersarerequiredforthefollowingshifts:10:0011:30am；13:0000pm；100:20:30pm；2:304:00pm；4:005:30pm1.WhatdoweknowaboutAMNH?A.Ithasahistoryofover200years.B.ItispositionednearthelandoftheLenape.C.Ithousesavastcollectionoffossilsandinsects.D.ItpublishesthequarterlymagazineNaturalHistory.2.Whatisarequirementforapplicants?A.Theyshouldbe16yearsoldorabove.B.Theyneedtohaverelevantexperience.C.Theymustworkatleasttwohoursperday.D.Theyhavetosubmitapplicationsinperson.3.HowmanyshiftsareavailableforButterflyConservatoryexplainerseachday?A.3 B.4 C.5 D.6【答案】1.C2.A3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹美國自然歷史博物館的概況、志愿者招募要求及蝴蝶館講解員的具體崗位信息。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“AMNH’scollectionsofresearchspecimensnumbermorethan30million,anditscollectionsoffossilsandinsectsareamongthelargestintheworld.(美國自然歷史博物館的研究標(biāo)本收藏超過3000萬件，其化石和昆蟲收藏位居世界前列。)”可知，該博物館擁有大量昆蟲和化石藏品。故選C項?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“BeingaVolunteer”部分的“Theminimumageis16,andthereisnoupperlimit.(最低年齡為16歲，無年齡上限。)”可知，申請者需年滿16歲。故選A項。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ButterflyConservatoryExplainers”部分的志愿者輪班時間：0:0011:30am；13:0000pm；100:20:30pm；2:304:00pm；4:005:30pm，共5個輪班時段。故選C項。BIlovedtoargue.Myfixationonbeingrighthadbeenamainstayinmylifeandhadoftenstirreduptroubleinmyfamily;thereweremomentswhenmymarriagebecamestrainedandmykidsgrewdistant.ThelongestfightIhadwaswithmyparents,anditdraggedonfornearlyayear.Myhabitseemedimmortal.Untilanafternoonwithmygranddaughteropenedmyeyestotheimpactmybehaviourwashavingonthepeoplearoundme.Wewereplayingaboardgamewhenshemadeamovethatbroketherules.Icorrectedher,butsheendedupmakingthesamemistakeagain.Ireadtherulesoutloudandaskedifshegotitthistime.Shesmiledatmeandshookherhead.“Grandpa,whyareyousostubborn?”sheasked.“It’sjustagame.We’reheretohavefun,aren’twe?”Somethingaboutherwordsreallyhithome.Weweren’ttheretoberight,weweretheretoenjoyourselves—howtomovethepieceswasmerelyabackdrop.Whattrulymatteredwasourbondandthemomentsweshared.Afewdayslater,mysoncameoverfordinner.Duringthemeal,hesharedaviewpointthatstruckmeasbaseless.Typically,Iwouldhavelaunchedmyselfheadfirstintoaheateddebatewithhim.Butthistime,asIpartedmylipstorespond,Ifoundmyselfpoppingaforkfulofpieintomymouthinstead,enjoyingitquietly.Mytolerancesurprisedme,butwhatreallytookmybreathawayasIlistenedtohimwasanewfounddesiretounderstandhim.Thisexperiencebroughtmeajoythatfarsurpassed(超出)thefleetingsatisfactionofwinninganargument.Inhindsight(事后想),mydrivetowinhadn’treallybeenaboutseekingthetruth,butaboutshowingIwasbetterthaneveryoneelse.Bylettinggo,IgainedwaymorethanIeverdidbypushingback.NowIrecognisethatarguingatthedinnertableismuchlikedecidingtodrinkanextracupofcoffee.Itisamatterofselfdiscipline.Ihadalwaysunderstoodthisconceptintheory,butittookasevenyearold’sinterventionformetoapplyit.4.Whatdidtheauthor’spassionforargumentcontributeto?A.Damagedrelationship. B.Moraldevelopment.C.Troublesomechildren. D.Bittersweetmarriage.5.Whatdidtheauthorlearnfromhisgranddaughter’swords?A.Goodhabitswerehardtodevelop. B.Rulesdidn’tworkinaboardgame.C.Adultsweremoreseriousthankids. D.Connectionwasmorevitalthanright.6.Whatsurprisedtheauthormostduringthedinner?A.Theawarenessoftolerance. B.Theflavourofthetastyfood.C.Thebriefjoyfromwinning. D.Theurgetounderstandothers.7.Whydoestheauthormentionanextracupoftea?A.Tospreadaplexconcept. B.Tohighlighttheneedfortruth.C.Toidentifytherootofhishabit. D.Toparetwodailyactivities.【答案】4.A5.D6.D7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者從熱衷于爭論到學(xué)會寬容與理解的心路歷程。文章通過描述作者與家人之間的爭執(zhí)，特別是與孫女的互動，以及后來對爭論本質(zhì)的反思，展現(xiàn)了作者個人成長和心態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)變。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Myfixationonbeingrighthadbeenamainstayinmylifeandhadoftenstirreduptroubleinmyfamily;thereweremomentswhenmymarriagebecamestrainedandmykidsgrewdistant.(我執(zhí)著于正確已經(jīng)成為我生活中的支柱，并且經(jīng)常在家里引起麻煩；有時我的婚姻變得緊張，孩子們也變得疏遠(yuǎn)。)”可知，作者熱衷于爭論導(dǎo)致了家庭關(guān)系的緊張，包括婚姻和與孩子的關(guān)系都受到了影響。由此可知，作者熱衷于爭論導(dǎo)致了受損的關(guān)系。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Weweren’ttheretoberight,weweretheretoenjoyourselves—howtomovethepieceswasmerelyabackdrop.Whattrulymatteredwasourbondandthemomentsweshared.(我們不是在那里為了爭誰對誰錯，我們是去那里享受自己——如何移動棋子只是背景。真正重要的是我們的紐帶和我們共享的時刻。)”可知，作者從孫女的言語中領(lǐng)悟到，在玩樂中，人與人之間的聯(lián)系和共享的時刻比爭論誰對誰錯更加重要。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Butthistime,asIpartedmylipstorespond,Ifoundmyselfpoppingaforkfulofpieintomymouthinstead,enjoyingitquietly.Mytolerancesurprisedme,butwhatreallytookmybreathawayasIlistenedtohimwasanewfounddesiretounderstandhim.(但這次，當(dāng)我張開嘴準(zhǔn)備回答時，我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己反而把一勺餡餅送進了嘴里，靜靜地享受著。我的寬容讓我感到驚訝，但當(dāng)我聽他說話時，真正讓我震驚的是一種新發(fā)現(xiàn)的想要理解他的渴望。)”可知，作者在晚餐時最驚訝的是自己產(chǎn)生了一種想要理解他人的新渴望，這種渴望超越了以往的爭論和反駁。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Inhindsight,mydrivetowinhadn’treallybeenaboutseekingthetruth,butaboutshowingIwasbetterthaneveryoneelse.Bylettinggo,IgainedwaymorethanIeverdidbypushingback.NowIrecognisethatarguingatthedinnertableismuchlikedecidingtodrinkanextracupofcoffee.Itisamatterofselfdiscipline.(事后想來，我爭勝的欲望其實并不是為了尋求真理，而是為了顯示我比其他人更優(yōu)秀。通過放手，我獲得的遠(yuǎn)比我反抗時要多?，F(xiàn)在我認(rèn)識到，在餐桌上爭論就像決定再喝一杯咖啡一樣，都是自律的問題。)”可知，作者提到額外的一杯咖啡是為了類比自己在餐桌上的爭論行為，指出這兩者都是自律的問題，從而揭示了自己爭論習(xí)慣的根源在于缺乏自律。故選C。CWhenwethinkaboutwhatmakeshumansunique,agoodsenseofhumorisoftenhighonthelist.Laughterandplayfulteasingseemliketraitsonlywepossess.However,recentresearchsuggeststhatanimals—particularlygreatapes—mayalsoengageinbehaviorthatresembleshumor.Astudyledbyprimatologist(靈長類動物學(xué)家)IsabelleLaumerattheMaxPlanckInstituterevealsfascinatinginsights.“Wedocumentedyoungapesdeliberatelysneakinguptohitadults,thenwaitingexpectantlyforareaction,”Laumerexplains.“Thisisn’trandomplay—itmeetsallthecriteriaofintentionalteasing.”O(jiān)ver75hoursofvideorecordingsshowedthisbehaviormirrorshowhumanchildrenjoke:repetitive,surprising,andaimedatseekingresponses.Theresearchersnotedthattheapesevenpausedtowatchfortheadult’sreaction,muchlikeachildwaitingtoseeiftheirjokelanded.Buthumorinanimalsmaynotbelimitedtoapes.Dogownersoftennoticetheirpetsmakingbreathy,snortingsoundsduringplay,whichsomescientistsinterpretaslaughter.Ina2025study,researchersfoundthatplayingthesesoundstoshelterdogsreducedtheirstresslevels.Similarly,dolphinsemitjoyfulsoundsduringplayfighting,elephantstrumpetexcitedlywhenplaying,andsomeparrotsteaseotheranimals—likeconfusingdogswithwhistles—justforfun.Whymightanimalsexhibithumor?Inhumans,laughterstrengthenssocialconnectionsandeasestension.Scientistsarguethatplayfulteasinginapesor“l(fā)aughter”indogscouldserveasimilarpurpose—breakingtheiceandreinforcingrelationships.Someresearchersbelievethesebehaviorsmayhaveevolved(進化)tohelpanimalsmanageplexsocialranksorreduceconflict.However,Laumercautionsthatmoreresearchisneededtoconfirmthistheory,asobservinghumorinanimalsremainschallenging.Whilewemayneverknowifanimalsunderstandpunchlines,theirbehaviorshintathumor’sdeepevolutionaryroots.AsLaumerreflects:“Thelinebetweenhumanandanimallaughterisn’tassharpaswethought.”8.WhatdidLaumer’sstudyfindaboutyoungapes?A.Theyenjoyteasingothers. B.Theyoftenfightingroups.C.Theyseekadultprotection. D.Theylearnfromhumankids.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“trumpet”inparagraph3mean?A.Wag. B.Smile. C.Nod. D.Shout.10.Whymightanimalsshowhumor?A.Toimprovesocialstatus. B.Tostrengthensocialbonds.C.Towininplexconflicts. D.Togetmuchmorepleasure.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AnimalSocialBehaviors B.DoAnimalsCopyOurLaughs?CAnimalsPlayTricksToo D.WhyAnimalsUnderstandHumor?【答案】8.A9.D10.B11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了通常人們認(rèn)為幽默感是人類獨有的特質(zhì)，但近期研究表明，動物（尤其是類人猿）也可能表現(xiàn)出類似幽默的行為，且此類行為或有其進化意義，同時也指出觀察動物幽默仍具挑戰(zhàn)性，人與動物笑聲的界限并非如想象中清晰。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的““Wedocumentedyoungapesdeliberatelysneakinguptohitadults,thenwaitingexpectantlyforareaction,”Laumerexplains.“Thisisn’trandomplay—itmeetsallthecriteriaofintentionalteasing.”(“我們記錄了年輕的猿類故意偷偷摸摸地襲擊成年猿，然后期待著成年猿的反應(yīng)，”勞爾解釋說?！斑@不是隨機的游戲——它符合故意戲弄的所有標(biāo)準(zhǔn)?！?”可知，勞爾的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，幼猿會故意捉弄成年猿類。故選A。9題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Similarly,dolphinsemitjoyfulsoundsduringplayfighting(同樣，海豚在打鬧時也會發(fā)出歡快的聲音)”及下文“andsomeparrotsteaseotheranimals—likeconfusingdogswithwhistles—justforfun.(一些鸚鵡會戲弄其他動物——比如用口哨把狗弄混——只是為了好玩)”可知，此處在描述動物玩耍時的聲音表現(xiàn)。由此推知，劃線詞trumpet是指大象在玩耍時發(fā)出聲音，與shout“大聲叫喊”意思接近。故選D?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Inhumans,laughterstrengthenssocialconnectionsandeasestension.Scientistsarguethatplayfulteasinginapesor“l(fā)aughter”indogscouldserveasimilarpurpose—breakingtheiceandreinforcingrelationships.(對人類來說，笑能加強社會聯(lián)系，緩解緊張?？茖W(xué)家們認(rèn)為，猿的嬉鬧或狗的“笑”也能起到類似的作用——打破僵局，加強關(guān)系)”可知，動物表現(xiàn)幽默可能是為了加強社會聯(lián)系。故選B?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Whenwethinkaboutwhatmakeshumansunique,agoodsenseofhumorisoftenhighonthelist.Laughterandplayfulteasingseemliketraitsonlywepossess.However,recentresearchsuggeststhatanimals—particularlygreatapes—mayalsoengageinbehaviorthatresembleshumor.(當(dāng)我們思考是什么讓人類與眾不同時，良好的幽默感往往名列前茅。笑和開玩笑似乎只有我們才擁有。然而，最近的研究表明，動物——尤其是類人猿——也可能有類似幽默的行為)”及下文可知，文章主要介紹研究發(fā)現(xiàn)動物（如猿類、狗、海豚、大象、鸚鵡等）會表現(xiàn)出類似幽默的行為（如捉弄、發(fā)出類似笑聲的聲音等），說明動物也會“耍小聰明”。由此可知，“AnimalsPlayTricksToo(動物也會惡作劇)”適合作本文標(biāo)題。故選C。DAfterTaylorSwift,the“MonaLisa”isprobablythemostrecognizablefemalefaceintheworld.Everydayaround20,000peoplestareattheLeonardodaVinci’spaintingintheLouvre.Yetitbecamefamousnotduetoatemptingsemismile.Untilaworkerstolethemasterpiecein1911,itwasstillmostlyunknown;viewersfloodedintoseewhataFrenchnewspapercalled“anenormous,horrific,gapingvoid(空白)”.Classicsofart,literatureandmusicaresupposedtocarrysomemysteriousappealthatenduresacrosstheages.ButasRochelleGurstein,ahistorian,writesinanewbook,the“timelessclassic”isanythingbut.“WhatIbelievedwaswritteninstonewasactuallywritteninwater”,sheargues.Classicseandgo.Takeothercelebratedworksofart.Untiltheendofthe19thcenturyMichelangelo’s“David”hadonlyhisfigleaftoprotecthimfromtheweatherinPiazzadellaSignoriainFlorence.Heattractedmorepigeonsthanvisitors;visitorspreferredtheartists’sculptureofMosesinRome.Beforethefamous“VenusdeMilo”wasdiscoveredin1820,viewerswerecrazyabout“VenusdeMedici”,adelicatesculpturemostpeoplealivetodayhaveneverheardof.Muchasinart,theclassicsofmusicandliteraturehavenotalwaysbeensetinstoneeither.Today,JohannSebastianBachisoftenregardedasthemasterofclassicalmusic.Butafterhisdeathin1750,Bach’spositionsfelloutoffashionuntilFelixMendelssohn,aGermanposer,rediscoveredtheminthe1820s.HermanMelville’smasterpiece“MobyDick”waslargelyforgottenuntilcriticssuchasRaymondWeaver,aprofessoratColumbiaUniversityrescuedhimfromthedepthofanobodyaroundthecentenaryofhisbirthin1919.“Thestatusofclassics”dependsoncriticsandshowsthepowerofpassionatewriterstochangethewaypeoplelookatart.Tastesevolve,andtheyshould.Butculturelivesononlyaslongaspeoplecontinuetoargueoverwhatcountsasaclassictoday.Thetrueenemyoftheclassicisnotrelativismorawakening.Itissilence.12.Whatmadethepainting“MonaLisa”wellknown?A.Itsinnovativeartistictechniques. B.Theincidentofitbeingstolen.C.Thepublic’scuriosityconcerningitscreator. D.Thelongtermresearchonitbyscholars.13.WhatdoesRochellethinkofclassics?A.Enduring. B.Fading. C.Changeable. D.Admirable.14.Howdoestheauthordevelopparagraph4?A.Bystudyingthecausesforpeople’sshiftingopinions.B.Bytracingthehistoricaldevelopmentofpublictastestandards.C.Bycitingexamplesofsomeforgottenclassicsregainingfame.D.Byparingtheartisticvaluesofdifferentclassicworks.15.Whatmightultimatelydiscouragethedevelopmentofclassics?A.Theignoranceofculture. B.Thecourseoftime.C.Theevolutionoftastes. D.Thelackofcriticism.【答案】12.B13.C14.C15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。文章通過《蒙娜麗莎》的成名、藝術(shù)史上其他經(jīng)典作品的例子以及音樂和文學(xué)領(lǐng)域的經(jīng)典作品地位的變化，探討了經(jīng)典作品的地位并非永恒不變，而是取決于評論家和人們的觀點，同時指出缺乏批評才是經(jīng)典發(fā)展的真正敵人?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Yetitbecamefamousnotduetoatemptingsemismile.Untilaworkerstolethemasterpiecein1911,itwasstillmostlyunknown;viewersfloodedintoseewhataFrenchnewspapercalled“anenormous,horrific,gapingvoid(空白)”.(然而，它的聲名鵲起并非因為那抹誘人的蒙娜麗莎微笑。在1911年一名工人盜走這幅杰作之前，它始終寂寂無聞——直到觀眾蜂擁而至，只為一睹被法國報紙稱作“巨大駭人空白”的失畫現(xiàn)場)”可知，《蒙娜麗莎》被盜的事件使其聞名于世。故選B項。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“ButasRochelleGurstein,ahistorian,writesinanewbook,the“timelessclassic”isanythingbut.“WhatIbelievedwaswritteninstonewasactuallywritteninwater”,sheargues.Classicseandgo.(但正如歷史學(xué)家RochelleGurstein在新書中所言，所謂“永恒經(jīng)典”實則不然。她指出：“我曾深信鐫刻在石碑上的經(jīng)典，其實不過是寫在水中的幻影?！苯?jīng)典之作始終在流動變遷中。)”可推知，Rochelle認(rèn)為經(jīng)典作品不過是寫在水中的幻影，不是永恒不變的，而是可變的。故選C項?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Today,JohannSebastianBachisoftenregardedasthemasterofclassicalmusic.Butafterhisdeathin1750,Bach’spositionsfelloutoffashionuntilFelixMendelssohn,aGermanposer,rediscoveredtheminthe1820s.HermanMelville’smasterpiece“MobyDick”waslargelyforgottenuntilcriticssuchasRaymondWeaver,aprofessoratColumbiaUniversityrescuedhimfromthedepthofanobodyaroundthecentenaryofhisbirthin1919.(如今，約翰·塞巴斯蒂安·巴赫常被尊為古典樂巨匠。然而自1750年逝世后，巴赫的作品便淡出公眾視野，直到1820年代才被德國作曲家費利克斯·門德爾松重新發(fā)掘。赫爾曼·梅爾維爾的杰作《白鯨》同樣遭遇沉寂——在1919年他百年誕辰之際，經(jīng)由哥倫比亞大學(xué)教授雷蒙德·韋弗等評論家的力薦，這部巨著才從湮沒無聞的深淵中被拯救出來)”可知，本段通過列舉巴赫的作品和赫爾曼·梅爾維爾的杰作《白鯨》的例子，說明了一些被遺忘的經(jīng)典作品后來又重新獲得了聲譽。故選C項?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段““Thestatusofclassics”dependsoncriticsandshowsthepowerofpassionatewriterstochangethewaypeoplelookatart.Tastesevolve,andtheyshould.Butculturelivesononlyaslongaspeoplecontinuetoargueoverwhatcountsasaclassictoday.Thetrueenemyoftheclassicisnotrelativismorawakening.Itissilence.(“經(jīng)典的地位”取決于評論家，這彰顯了充滿激情的作家改變?nèi)藗兯囆g(shù)視角的力量。審美趣味在不斷演變，且理應(yīng)如此。但文化唯有在人們持續(xù)爭論何為當(dāng)代經(jīng)典的過程中才能生生不息。經(jīng)典真正的敵人并非相對主義或覺醒意識，而是永恒的沉寂)”可知，文化唯有在人們持續(xù)爭論過程中才能生生不息，所以經(jīng)典真正的敵人是永恒的沉寂，即，沒有爭論或缺乏批評，最終會阻礙經(jīng)典作品的發(fā)展。故選D項。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容從短文后的選項中選出最佳選項，選項中的兩項為多余選項。HowtoprotectyourprivacywhenyoutravelIthasn’tbeenaneasyyearfortheprivacyoftravelers,atleastsofar.Dataleaks,surveillance(監(jiān)視)worriesandthosetroublesomecamerasinairplaneseatbacksandhotelroomsareenoughtomakepassengersanxious.____16____Therearewaystosafeguardyourprivacyonlandandintheair.Thesetipscanhelpyoudealwiththesetroubles.____17____“It’snotclevertodeclareonFacebookthatyou’retravellingtosomewhere,remindingawiderangeofpeoplethatyourpropertyissittingempty,”saysDannyMcLoughlin.“Thatputsyoursecurityatrisk.”Waituntilyoureturntostartpostingvacationphotos.Somehomeownersrentingtheirresidencesmayinstallsecuritycameras.Travelersshouldfindoutifthehostsarerequiredtodisclosethepresenceofsurveillancedevices.Iftherentaleswithcameras,ensuretheyaren’tinasensitiveareabyconductingacarefulsweep.____18____Althoughyoucan’tcontrolhowahotelorairlinehandles—ormishandles—yourdata,youcantakereasonablestepstoensuretheinformationithaswon’tgetyouintotrouble.____19____Butsomeoftheworstdataleakshappenwhenyou’restayingatahotel.Forexample,ahotelclerksometimesasksforyournameandthenannouncesyourroomnumberafteryou’vecheckedin.You’rebetteroffhandingtheemployeeyourIDwhenheorsheasksforyournameandaskinghim/hertowriteyourroomnumberonapieceofpaper.Why?____20____Justtobesure,neverleavethecustomercopybehind.Youcandestroyitlater,butkeepitunderyourcontrol.A.Wallshaveears.B.It’sneverbeenbetter.C.Perhapstheyshouldn’tbe.D.Neverbroadcastyourjourneyonsocialmedia.E.However,travelersarenotpowerlessagainstthesethreats.F.Reportanythingdoubtfultothehostimmediately—andifyoudon’tlikewhatyouhear,leave.G.Sometravelersonlyofferthebareminimum,suchasapostofficeboxinsteadofahomeaddress.【答案】16.E17.D18.F19.G20.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹旅行時保護隱私的方法，包括不公開行程、排查住宿監(jiān)控、謹(jǐn)慎提供個人信息等，幫助旅行者規(guī)避隱私風(fēng)險?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Ithasn’tbeenaneasyyearfortheprivacyoftravelers,atleastsofar.Dataleaks,surveillanceworriesandthosetroublesomecamerasinairplaneseatbacksandhotelroomsareenoughtomakepassengersanxious.(到目前為止，對旅行者的隱私來說，這不是容易的一年。數(shù)據(jù)泄露、監(jiān)控?fù)?dān)憂以及飛機座椅靠背和酒店房間里那些麻煩的攝像頭，足以讓乘客感到焦慮。)”以及下文“Therearewaystosafeguardyourprivacyonlandandintheair.Thesetipscanhelpyoudealwiththesetroubles.(有一些方法可以在陸路和空中保護你的隱私。這些建議可以幫助你應(yīng)對這些麻煩。)”可知，此空需形成轉(zhuǎn)折，說明旅行者并非無力應(yīng)對這些隱私威脅。E選項“However,travelersarenotpowerlessagainstthesethreats.(然而，旅行者并非無力對抗這些威脅。)”中的“However”體現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)折，既承接上文“隱私面臨多種威脅”的焦慮，又引出下文“保護隱私的方法”，符合語境。故選E項?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)下文“It’snotclevertodeclareonFacebookthatyou’retravellingtosomewhere,remindingawiderangeofpeoplethatyourpropertyissittingempty,”saysDannyMcLoughlin.“Thatputsyoursecurityatrisk.”Waituntilyoureturntostartpostingvacationphotos.(丹尼·麥克勞克林說：“在臉書上宣布你要去某個地方旅行是不明智的，這會提醒很多人你的房子是空的?！薄斑@會讓你的安全處于危險之中。”等到你回來再開始發(fā)布度假照片。)”可知，本段圍繞“不公開旅行行程”展開，此空應(yīng)作為小標(biāo)題概括主題。D選項“Neverbroadcastyourjourneyonsocialmedia.(永遠(yuǎn)不要在社交媒體上公開你的行程。)”直接點明主題，與下文“不在臉書宣布旅行、返程后再發(fā)照片”的具體內(nèi)容高度契合，符合語境。故選D項?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Somehomeownersrentingtheirresidencesmayinstallsecuritycameras.Travelersshouldfindoutifthehostsarerequiredtodisclosethepresenceofsurveillancedevices.Iftherentaleswithcameras,ensuretheyaren’tinasensitiveareabyconductingacarefulsweep.(一些出租房屋的業(yè)主可能會安裝安全攝像頭。旅行者應(yīng)該了解房東是否被要求披露監(jiān)控設(shè)備的存在。如果出租屋配有攝像頭，要仔細(xì)檢查確保它們不在敏感區(qū)域。)”可知，此空需說明發(fā)現(xiàn)監(jiān)控問題后的應(yīng)對措施。F選項“Reportanythingdoubtfultothehostimmediately—andifyoudon’tlikewhatyouhear,leave.(立即向房東報告任何可疑情況——如果你不喜歡你聽到的答復(fù)，就離開。)”既承接上文“排查監(jiān)控設(shè)備”的行為，又給出具體的后續(xù)處理方式，符合語境。故選F項?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Althoughyoucan’tcontrolhowahotelorairlinehandles—ormishandles—yourdata,youcantakereasonablestepstoensuretheinformationithaswon’tgetyouintotrouble.(雖然你無法控制酒店或航空公司如何處理——或不當(dāng)處理——你的數(shù)據(jù)，但你可以采取合理的步驟確保他們掌握的信息不會給你帶來麻煩。)”可知，此空需補充“保護個人數(shù)據(jù)”的具體做法，即謹(jǐn)慎提供個人信息。G選項“Sometravelersonlyofferthebareminimum,suchasapostofficeboxinsteadofahomeaddress.(一些旅行者只提供最基本的信息，比如用郵政信箱代替家庭住址。)”直接舉例說明如何“合理步驟保護數(shù)據(jù)”，符合語境。故選G項。【20題詳解】根據(jù)上文“You’rebetteroffhandingtheemployeeyourIDwhenheorsheasksforyournameandaskinghim/hertowriteyourroomnumberonapieceofpaper.Why?(當(dāng)員工問你名字時，你最好把身份證遞給他們，并讓他們把房間號寫在一張紙上。為什么？)”可知，此空需解釋“讓員工寫下房間號”的原因——避免隱私泄露。A選項“Wallshaveears.(隔墻有耳。)”形象地說明公開告知房間號可能導(dǎo)致隱私泄露，解釋了前文做法的合理性，符合語境。故選A項。第三部分：英語知識運用第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。FrankDewhurst,84,waswalkinginhisneighborhoodwhenhesawasigninhisneighbor’syard.“IamtypeOandIneedakidney(腎)transplant.Please____21____me.”Thewordsmadehimstop.____22____,hewasalsotypeO.Dewhurst’sneighborLindaNall,72,wasstrugglingwithaseriouskidneydisease.Dewhurstknewitwas____23____tolivewithonekidney.Hehadreadanarticleabouta(n)____24____kidneydonor.Threefriendshadgonegolfingtogetherandoneofthemhadkidneyfailure.Theothertwogot____25____,andonewasa(n)____26____anddonatedhiskidney.Thefriendsinthe____27____wereintheir60s.Iftheycoulddoit,whycouldn’the?WhenDewhurstknockedonNall’sdoor,shethoughthejustwantedto____28____.Butwhenherneighborexplainedwhyhehad____29____,shewaspletelyshocked.Andafewdayslater,beforethe____30____,DewhurstwasevaluatedbydoctorsatHoustonMethodistHospital,whowereamazedtofindDewhurstwasa(n)____31____candidate.NowbothDewhurstandNallaredoingwell,andthetransplantmayextendNall’s____32____timebyupto12years.“Ijusthopeitmotivatesotherswhoare____33____,nomatterwhatage,to____34____.”saidDewhurst,nowthecountry’soldestlivingkidneydonor.NallalsoexpressedhergratitudeandpromisedtomakethemostofFrank’s____35____giftbylivingherlifetothefullest.21.A.protect B.select C.motivate D.save22.A.Ingeneral B.Bychance C.Forsure D.Onaverage23.A.possible B.uncertain C.significant D.impressive24.A.wealthy B.disabled C.ignored D.elderly25.A.pared B.punished C.tested D.financed26.A.explorer B.regulator C.match D.target27.A.conflict B.article C.research D.interview28.A.check B.struggle C.quarrel D.chat29.A.givenup B.droppedin C.setout D.wanderedaround30.A.operation B.ceremony C.experiment D.vacation31A.active B.experienced C.ideal D.humorous32.A.recovery B.growth C.leisure D.survival33.A.professional B.healthy C.honest D.intelligent34.A.donate B.advocate C.create D.progress35.A.persuasive B.potential C.generous D.innovative【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.D25.C26.C27.B28.D29.B30.A31.C32.D33.B34.A35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主要介紹了84歲的弗蘭克?杜赫斯特看到鄰居琳達?納爾因腎病急需O型血腎臟移植的求助信息后，主動提出捐贈腎臟，最終手術(shù)成功，兩人恢復(fù)良好的感人故事?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我是O型血，需要腎移植。請救救我。A.protect保護；B.select選擇；C.motivate激勵；D.save拯救。根據(jù)前文“needakidneytransplant”可知，鄰居急需腎臟救命，求助信息的核心是“請求拯救”。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查介詞短語詞義辨析。句意：巧合的是，他也是O型血。A.Ingeneral通常；B.Bychance巧合地；C.Forsure肯定地；D.Onaverage平均。根據(jù)前文“IamtypeO”及后文“hewasalsotypeO”可知，杜赫斯特看到鄰居需要O型血腎臟，而自己恰好也是O型血，這是偶然的巧合。故選B。【23題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：杜赫斯特知道只有一個腎臟也能生活。A.possible可能的；B.uncertain不確定的；C.significant重要的；D.impressive令人印象深刻的。根據(jù)后文“tolivewithonekidney”可知，只有一個腎臟也能生活。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他讀過一篇關(guān)于老年腎臟捐贈者的文章。A.wealthy富有的；B.disabl