1、Period 3,Module 6 Unexplained Mysteries of the Natural World Function Grammar,語法專題突破,品味語法 1When I got to the airport，they may have just left home. 2Its surprising that you can drive. You must have learned it before. 3There is nowhere to find them. Where can they have gone? 4You neednt have taken a t

2、axi here，for it was very near to my house.,自我探究 以上各句均使用了“情態(tài)動詞have done”結(jié)構(gòu)。該結(jié)構(gòu)的動作發(fā)生在過去。,Shall:,用于第一和第三人稱疑問句, 表示征求對方的意見,請求許可。,Shall he come in?要他進來嗎?,Shall we go now?我們現(xiàn)在就走嗎?,Shall: 用于第二和第三陳述句中,表示決心, 強制,命令,警告,允諾等。,The shares shall be divided into five parts according to the law.,根據(jù)法律這些股份將被分成五份。,Will:,

3、表示客觀規(guī)律 Tomorrow will be Sunday.,表示愿意： If you will wait, Ill call for you.,明天將是星期日。,如果你愿意等, 我就給你叫他。,表示臨時決定 -You have forgotten to turn off the light. -Really? I will go and turn it off.,你忘記關燈了。 真的嗎？我這就去關上。,1. must have +done sth,表示對過去事情的肯定推測，譯成“一定做過某事”，該結(jié)構(gòu)只用于肯定句。 It must have rained last night，for th

4、e ground is wet. 昨晚一定下雨了，因為地面還是濕的。 You must have been mad to speak to the servant. 你和仆人說話，一定是發(fā)瘋了。,2. ought to should,have done sth.,本應該做某事，而事實上并沒有做。 1.You ought to / should have been more careful in this experiment. 3. “shouldnthave done” 本來不應該做某事，而實際做了。 1. Look，Tom is crying. I shouldnt have been s

5、o harsh on him. 我本來不應該對他如此嚴厲的。,4. neednt have done sth,本沒必要做某事而做了 I dressed very warmly for the trip, but I neednt have done so. The weather was hot. 5. needhave done” 本來需要做某事而沒有做。 He need have hurried to the station. In that case，he wouldnt have missed the train. 他本來需要快點去車站，那樣的話，他就不會誤了火車。,6“couldha

6、ve done”,“本來能夠做某事而沒有做”。 He could have passed the exam，but he was too careless. 本來他能夠通過考試的，但是他太粗心了。 7“canthave done” “不可能做過某事” 對過去事情的否定推測。 Mary cant have stolen your money. She has gone home. Mr.Smith cant have gone to Beijing，for I saw him in the library just now.,Grammar -3. Summary (2m),8.may+have

7、+done”表示對發(fā)生過的事情的推測，意思是“可能已經(jīng)” ，用于肯定句中。 What has happened to George? I dont know. He may have got lost. 喬治發(fā)生了什么事？ 我不知道，他可能迷路了。,9.“might+have+done”表示對過去事情的推測，might與may意思相同，但可能性更小。 1. He might have given you more help, even though he was busy. (MET90) 他或許會多給你一些幫助，即使他很忙。 2. She might have achieved greate

8、r progress, if you had given her more chances. 如果你多給她點機會，她可能已經(jīng)取得更大的成績。,4. would like to have done sth 本打算做某事而沒有做 I would like to have read the article, but I was very busy then.,情態(tài)動詞+ have +過去分詞,表示否定的情態(tài)動詞的用法:,mustnt 不準；禁止 neednt 沒必要 ( = dont have to ) cant 不能；不可能 may not 不可以；可能不 shouldnt 不應該 ( = oug

9、ht not to ),Function-1. Presentation,Many people think the monster may be related to Nessie. They think there might be similar creatures in other lakes. Scientists say the lake is unlikely to be able to support such a big creature. Which sentences say that something is possible? Which sentences say

10、that something is impossible? Which word is followed by to+verb?,1, 2,3,unlikely,FUNCTION小結(jié): may: 可能會,或許會 might: 可能,或許(語氣更不肯定) unlikely: 可能性不大的(形容詞),1.It may be a new species.,它可能是一種新的物種。,他或許不在那兒。,2.He may not be there.,語氣,強 弱,3. His suggestion might be worth thinking about.,他的建議或許值得考慮。,我有許多或許你感興趣的書

11、。,4. I have got a lot of books that might interest you.,7點鐘前她可能到不了。,他不大可能受傷。,5. She is unlikely to arrive before 7.,6. It is unlikely that he got injured.,Function-3. Practice(4m) Do activity 2 on page 54.,Keys: There might still be dinosaurs somewhere. Dont go near the water. It may be very deep. W

12、e are likely to see the monster. There may be an underground river from Loch Ness to the sea. We must help him- he may not be able to swim. There are likely to be lots of strange creatures in that lake.,Grammar - 2. Presentation (3m) Read the sentences and answer the questions,The dinosaurs may have

13、 stopped evolving, and been unable to adapt to changes in the climate. They might have killed each other. We use may have done or might have done to talk about _. Something which happened in the past-perhaps. Something which is impossible. Something which may happen in the future.,1,Grammar -4. Prac

14、tice (5m) Do activity 2 and 3 on page 57.,Keys: might have caused may have cut off may have survived might have been killed,Think of more reasons why the dinosaurs might have disappeared.,注: word 文檔 點擊此處鏈接,Individual activity,.單項填空 1(2011年高考課標全國卷)They_ have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was

15、delayed. Awill Bcan Cmust Dshould 解析：選D。句意：他們本應該在午飯時間就到達的，但是他們的航班被耽擱了。will have done表示將來完成時；can have done一般用于否定與疑問的推測；must have done表示對過去發(fā)生事情的肯定推測，意為“肯定/必定做過某事”；should have done表示“過去應該做某事(而實際上未做)”,2I didnt go to work yesterday afternoon because my car broke down. You _ mine，I wasnt using it. Acould

16、have borrowed Bmight borrow Cmust have borrowed Dought to borrow 解析：選A。句意：昨天下午我沒能去上班，因為我的車拋錨了。你本來可以借我的，那時我剛好不用它。表示對過去事情的虛擬，所以用could have done。,3Mark _ have hurried. After driving at top speed，he arrived half an hour early. Aneednt Bwouldnt Cmustnt Dcouldnt 解析：選A。考查情態(tài)動詞have done的用法。句意：馬克本沒有必要那么急。全速開車

17、后他提前了半個小時到達。根據(jù)句意和前后的照應可知應選A項。A項表示“本沒有必要”；B項意為“不會”；C項表示“不允許”；D項表示“不可能”。顯然B、C、D三項與后文論述不符。,4(2011年高考江蘇卷)I left my handbag on the train，but luckily someone gave it to a railway official. How unbelievable to get it back! I mean，someone_ it. Awill have stolen Bmight have stolen Cshould have stolen Dmust h

18、ave stolen,解析：選B。句意：“我把手提包忘在了火車上，但幸運的是有個人把它交給了鐵路部門的一名官員?！薄斑€能找回來多么令人難以置信！我的意思是，有人原本可能把它偷走的。”might have done“可能已經(jīng)”，表示對過去發(fā)生之事的不太肯定的推測，符合題意。will have done表示將來完成時；should have done本應該做某事但實際未做；must have done表示對過去發(fā)生之事的肯定推測。,5I _have watched that movieitll give me horrible dreams. Ashouldnt Bneednt Ccouldnt

19、Dmustnt 解析：選A。句意：我本不應該看那部電影它會給我?guī)碡瑝?。由破折號后的?nèi)容來判斷，其前內(nèi)容為“不該做某事而做了”。shouldt have done sth.本來不該做某事卻做了；neednt have done sth.本來不必做某事卻做了；couldnt have done sth.為否定推測，表示“不可能做過某事”。,6Jack described his father，who _ a brave boy many years ago，as a strongwilled man. Awould be Bwould have been Cmust be Dmust have

20、been 解析：選D。句意：杰克把多年以前曾是個勇敢男孩的父親描述成為一個意志堅強的人。must have been 是對過去事實的肯定猜測；must be 是對現(xiàn)在事實的肯定猜測；would be 是過去將來時；would have been是虛擬語氣，故選D項。,7Has your father got up? Sorry，Im not sure. He _ have got up. Please go and see for yourself. Amust Bcant Cwould Dmight 解析：選D。本題考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。從前面所提到的Im not sure.“我沒有把握”分析

21、，此處用might，表示推測的可能性很小。,8The light was out. They _ asleep. Amust fall Bcan fall Cshould have fallen Dmight have fallen 解析：選D。從前一句話所提供的語境分析，fall asleep的動作已經(jīng)完成，且表示的是對過去動作的推測，所以用might have done結(jié)構(gòu)。,9Are you coming to the concert? Im not sure.I_to see a movie instead. Amust go Bmight have gone Cmight go Ds

22、hould have gone 解析：選C?？疾榍閼B(tài)動詞的用法。由答語“Im not sure”可以推測說話者的語氣不肯定，且動作沒發(fā)生，故用might go 表示可能性。,10I wonder why Mr.Green looks worried today. Im not sure，but he _ a small accident driving here. Acould have Bmight have Cmight have had Dmust have had 解析：選C。本題考查情態(tài)動詞表示推測的用法。根據(jù)句子的意思分析，此動作應該發(fā)生在過去；再分析Im not sure這一語境

23、的含義，得出可能性不大。,.用所給動詞的適當形式填空 1Your mother must _(wait) for you now. 答案：be waiting 2You could _(do)better，but you didnt try your best. 答案：have done 3You shouldnt _(take) away my measuring tape，for I wanted to use it. 答案：have taken,4If the train is up to time，John should _(be) here any minute now. 答案：be

24、 5.He may _(come) soon；Im not sure. 答案：come 6He_(know) the truth；otherwise he wouldnt be so angry now. 答案：might have known 7They cant _(go) to work，as its Sunday. 答案：have gone,8Are you going to Jeffs party? Im not sure. I_(go) to the concert instead. 答案：might go,1. Could I borrow your dictionary? Yes, of course, you_. A. might B. will C. can D. should,答案C could表示委婉的語氣，并不為時態(tài)。答語中of course，表示肯定的語氣，允許某人做某事時，用can和 may來表達，不能用could或might。,練習,2. Shall I tell John about it? No, you _. Ive told him alre