1、,Parthenon,蔣錦虎 115104000485,1,Historical Setting,Architectural Features,Other Architectures,Pictures Appreciation,Contents:,Site of Parthenon,2,Historical Setting：,After the Greek victory in the Persian War(波斯戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)）,the Parthenon was proposed as a way to thank the goddess Athena(雅典娜） for protecting the

2、 city and offer sacrifice to gods or ancestors.,pheidippides斐里庇得斯,rejoice,we conquer!,3,Historical Setting：,Construction began in 447BC when the Athenian Empire was at the height of its power. It was completed in 438BC although decoration of the building continued until 432 BC.,architect: Iktinos 伊克

3、提諾斯 Kallikrates卡里克特,4,Historical Setting：,The origin of the Parthenons name is from the Greek word (parthenon), which refers to the unmarried womens apartments .The Parthenon is a temple of worship the gods of Greece, mainly in order to worship Athena.,Athena雅典娜,5,Historical Setting：,In1687,an Ottom

4、an Turk ammunition dump (土耳其軍火庫(kù)) inside the building was ignited by Venetian bombardment(威尼斯軍隊(duì)的炮擊). The resulting explosion severely damaged the Parthenon and its sculpture； In 1806,some of the surviving sculptures were removed and were sold in 1816 to the British Museum,the Louvre ,where they are n

5、ow displayed. The Greek government is committed to the return of the sculptures to Greece, so far with no success.,6,Architectural Features：,The Parthenon is a temple located on the Acropolis of the Athens (雅典衛(wèi)城）,a hill overlooking the city the Athens,Greece.,Parthenon,7,Architectural Features：,The

6、Parthenon is a Doric peripteral（多立克柱式檐） temple, and a colonnade（柱廊） (8 x17) of Doric columns extends around the entire structure. Each entrance has an additional six columns in front of it. The larger of the two interior rooms, the naos（內(nèi)殿）, housed the cult statue（崇拜的雕像）. The smaller room (the opist

7、hodomos后殿) was used as a treasury. Here is a plan of the temple:,8,Architectural Features：,Doric Capital 多立克柱頭,Ionic Capital 愛(ài)奧尼克柱頭,Corinthian Capital 科斯林柱頭,Parathenon,9,Architectural Features：,The Metopes(墻面） The metopes of the Parthenon all represented various instances of the struggle between the

8、 forces of order and justice.,10,Other Architectures：,Temple of Athena Nike(雅典娜勝利神廟）,The Temple of Athena Nike is a temple on the Acropolis of Athens. Built around 420BC, the temple is the earliest fully Ionic temple(愛(ài) 奧尼克柱頭) on the Acropolis. It has a prominent position on a steep bastion at the south west corner of the Acropolis to the right of the entrance.,11,Other Architectures：,Erechtheion(伊瑞克提翁神廟）,The Erechtheion is an ancient Greek temple on the north side