1、高考英語專題復(fù)習(xí) -完形填空解題技巧指導(dǎo),高考二輪完型填空課程涵蓋三個部分,1.完型初探 題型特點，考核方向，失分原因分析 2.深度掃雷 技巧整合，真題分析，學(xué)會定位 3.沖刺高分 實戰(zhàn)演習(xí),完形填空的題型特點：,完形填空題是一種集知識和能力為一體，立意新、要求高的綜合性語言測試題。作為一種高難度的障礙性閱讀題，旨在測試學(xué)生的綜合應(yīng)用語言能力，分析判斷能力和連貫思維能力。 1.首句完整 不意味著首句不設(shè)空，設(shè)空與否不影響首句主要因素。 2.語境貫穿 閉合語境內(nèi)進(jìn)行已知信息及未知信息流動 3.邏輯清晰 顯性與隱形邏輯貫穿全文。 4.7 大詞性 名動形副介代連。 5.難處暗示 線索不清時，瞻前顧后

2、找暗示。 6.常識搭配 掌握考綱內(nèi)固定搭配，運用生活常識 7.選材適中 基礎(chǔ)詞匯匯集而成的小故事。,考查語境，側(cè)重辨析； 實詞為主，虛詞為輔； 邏輯推理，隱于語篇； 常識語法，重復(fù)出現(xiàn)。,目 錄,語境,邏輯,常識,搭配,沒有嚴(yán)格遵循答題步驟,為什么我們在這一題型上總是失分較多?,切記:一定要用2-3分鐘時間先進(jìn)行缺詞閱讀,弄清文章大意和基本脈絡(luò)后再著手逐個填空.,2. 不注意積累答題技巧:,a.忽略文章首句的提示作用；,b.忽略文章中上下文之間的照應(yīng)關(guān)系;,c.遇到長句不注意分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),在語義模糊時抱碰運氣的心理隨意作出選擇.,3.時間安排不當(dāng):在幾個選項上過分糾纏，追求完美，導(dǎo)致許多本可以

3、做出的題來不及做。,切記:正確的做法是由易到難，先做會做 的，再考慮較難的。 強(qiáng)烈推薦：如尚有幾題題目不確定可將某題的可能的兩項填入空格, 然后快速地整句整段地默讀, 選擇某一項習(xí)慣或短語或動賓搭配讀起來較流暢的.,細(xì)讀首句,跳過空格，通讀全文， 把握大意,再讀全文，反復(fù)檢查,結(jié)合選項，綜合考慮，初定答案,瞻前顧后，先易后難， 個個擊破,正確的完形填空的解題步驟,把握整體,具體分析,細(xì)讀文章的第一句話,高考完形填空選文的第一句話通常是完整的。該句往往就是主題句（Topic Sentence），通過首句確定文章體裁背景和主旨大意。建立正確的思維導(dǎo)向。,對于敘事，描述類文章。 It was a b

4、usy morning，about 8:30,when an elderly gentleman in his 80s came to the hospital . 2010全國卷（I）,對于論述文，首句表明了論述的主題。起到揭示主題的作用。例如 A man who knows how to write a personal letter has a very powerful tool. A letter can be enjoyed, read and 21 . . 2010全國卷（II）,詞匯題,高考完形填空 考什么？,篇章結(jié)構(gòu) (語境),句際關(guān)系,結(jié)合選項,1.復(fù)現(xiàn),詞匯題,1.( 2

5、010北京卷)Mrs. Neidl would ask me for my 37 . She wanted to know how I thought She believed I had opinions, so I began to . 37. A.opinion B.impression C.information D.intention,opinions,語境-原詞重現(xiàn),2. (2010陜西卷） I had some 28 in my pocker, but I would not give them to him, thinking to myself he would 29（ on

6、ly） use the money to feed his addiction to drugs or alcohol. 28. A. chocolates B. coins C. tins D. drugs,語境-同義詞、近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn),2.詞語的習(xí)慣用法 和固定搭配,3. （2010全國I) The nurse had him take a 36 in the waiting area, 37(telling) him it would be at least 40 minutes 38(before) someone would be able to see him . 36 A. brea

7、th B. test C. seat D. break,語境-固定搭配,take a 36,The chance passed and I didnt _ it. I took the exam the next day and I won . I didnt _ to cheat,but I was still cheating anyhow. A. take B. have C. lose D.find A.remember B.learn C. mean D.pretend,3.根據(jù)詞匯的 意義及用法辨析詞義,4.(2010江蘇卷) My father 36 me to her with

8、 these words:“I would like you to meet the fellow who is 36.A.rushed B.sent C.carried D.introduced,5.2010 (全國I）The happiest people dont 53(necessarily ) have the best of everything；they just 54 the best of everything they have . 54 A. learn B make C.favor D.try,語境-詞義辨析,36 me to,just 54 the best of,語

9、境-詞義辨析,4.根據(jù)生活常識 及文化背景知識進(jìn)行選擇,2)(Immediately)the officers jumped into their cars and rushed to the_ hospital. A. animal B. biggest C. plant D. nearest,5.從生活常識著手,了解生活常識，結(jié)合語境，確定相關(guān)答案。,在這樣的緊急情況下，人們的第一個反應(yīng)是到最近的醫(yī)院就醫(yī)，因此答案為D。,3）The rail will expand（膨脹） when it gets _. A. wet B. cold C. hot D. dry,運用“熱脹冷縮”原理，應(yīng)選

10、C。,Immediately,jumped,rushed,1.語法手段,2.邏輯手段,句際關(guān)系,1.語法手段,8.（2010 陜西卷） I then 32（realized ） I had no right to place myself above 33 just because he was busking. 33. A. it B. all C. him D. them,語法-指代,9.（2010天津卷） “ As a policeman,I saw 27 there was violence, drugs were always behind it. They have a damag

11、ing 28(impact) on the kids. ” 27. A. where B. unless C. as D. whether,語法-句型,邏輯手段,2.邏輯手段,讓步關(guān)系,轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,因果關(guān)系,解釋關(guān)系,順序關(guān)系,并列關(guān)系,10.（2010江蘇卷) Then she looked at my father and replied,“You are 40(wrong). This is not the worst boy at all, 41 the smartest one who hasnt yet found an outlet（釋放的途徑）for his enthusiasm

12、.” 41. A.but B.so C.and D.or,語境-轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系、搭配,the smartest,11.（2010湖南卷) Bean is a white dog, quite handsome and very 38 . 38. A. smart B.sweet C.slow D.shy,語境-同類并列關(guān)系,12.（2010安徽卷) First of all, a pen should fit comfortably in your hand, . Then the writing point of the pen 52 ,the pen should make a thick, d

13、ark line. 52. A. Meanwhile B. Generally C. Afterwards D. Finally,語境-順序關(guān)系,小結(jié)：完型填空考查內(nèi)容,原詞復(fù)現(xiàn),同義.近義復(fù)現(xiàn),指 代,句 型,并列關(guān)系,轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,讓步關(guān)系,解釋關(guān)系,語法項目,順序關(guān)系,因果關(guān)系,詞匯手段,語法手段,邏輯手段,語篇信息（語境理解）,總結(jié)-解題方法：,總的原則： “先完意，后完形”。,八字方針： 上下求索，瞻前顧后。,三步曲： 讀填讀,實 戰(zhàn) 演 練,Summary 完形填空高分技巧,1研讀首尾抓主題 一般來說,很多文章會按照“總分總”的思路來寫。首先提出主題,接著對主題進(jìn)行分析、敘述,最后進(jìn)行

14、歸納、總結(jié),得出結(jié)論或提出建議。因此,一般根據(jù)文章的首句及尾句就能抓住文章的主題。 2. 左顧右盼找搭配 3. 思前想后覓邏輯 語境分析辨詞義 集中精力破難題 回讀檢查補漏洞,Practice makes prefect!,Once upon a time the colors of the world started to quarrel.,細(xì)讀首句，找出相關(guān)信息,1.敘事文,故事發(fā)生的時間，人物、事件等背景情況。,Key to the cloze test,41-45: DCCDB,36-40: DACBA,46-50: ACBAD,51-55: DDCBA,Once upon a tim

15、e the colors of the world started to quarrel. Green said, Clearly I am the most important. I am the sign of life and hope. I was chosen for grass, trees and leaves. Without me, all animals would 36 . Blue interrupted, You only think about the 37 , but consider the sky and the sea. 38 the water that

16、is the basis of life and drawn up by the clouds from the deep seaWithout my peace, you would all be 39 . Yellow chuckled （笑道）, You are all so serious. I bring laughter, fun, and _40_ into the world,36.A.stay B.leave C.go out D.die 37. A.earth B.moon C.star D.sun 38A.That is B.I am C.It is D.This is

17、39A.anything B.nothing C.something D.Everything 40A.warmth B.sadness C.depression D.anxiety,語境-詞義,語境-轉(zhuǎn)折.對比.排除,語法-強(qiáng)調(diào)句,語境-詞義,語境-同類并列,Orange started next to blow her trumpet, I am the color of health and strength. I may be 41 , but I am precious for I serve the needs of human life. When I fill the sky

18、42 , my beauty is so striking that no one gives another 43 to any of you.” Red could stand it 44 and he shouted out, I am the ruler of all of you. I am the color of danger and of bravery. I am willing to 45 truth. I am also the color of passion and of love.,41.A.usual B.normal C.common D.scarce 42A.

19、at midnight B.at noon or at night C.at sunrise or sunset D.during the day 43A.gift B.honor C.thought D.respect 44A.for more B.any more C.very much D.no longer 45A.turn to B.fight for C.struggle with D.bend over,語境-轉(zhuǎn)折對比,語境-常識,語境-搭配,語境-搭配,語境-詞義,gives another,43 to,could stand it 44,Then came Purple an

20、d Indigo （深藍(lán)）. The colors went on boasting, each convinced of his or her own _46_. Their quarreling became louder and louder. Suddenly there was a startling flash of bright lightening thunder. Rain started to pour down _47_. The colors crouched(蜷縮) down _48_, drawing close to one another for comfort

21、. In the midst of the clamor （叫嚷）, rain began to speak, “You foolish colors, fighting 49 yourselves, each trying to dominate（支配） 50 .,46A.superiority B.disadvantages C.inferiority D.weakness 47.A.gently B.quietly C.violently D.peacefully 48A.with care B.in fear C.by chance D.on purpose 49A.among B.b

22、y C.for D.against 50A.others B.themselves C.the other D.the rest,語境-近義詞再現(xiàn),語境-詞義.常識,語境-詞義,語境-搭配,語境-詞義辨析,Dont you know that you were each made for a special purpose, 51 ? Join hands with 52 and come to me. Doing as they were told, the colors 53 and joined hands. They formed a colorful rainbow. From th

23、en on, whenever a good rain 54 the world, a rainbow appears in the sky. They remember to 55 one another.,51A.equal and simple B.ordinary and similar C.more or less D.unique and different 52. A.each other B.me C. them D. one another 53A.combined B.separated C.united D.divided 54A.cleans B. washes C.b

24、rightens D.dampens 55A.appreciate B.quarrel with C.ignore D.praise,近義詞再現(xiàn),常識,語境-搭配,語境-詞義,近義詞再現(xiàn),Join hands,with 52,Homework:,Finish another cloze test on your paper,Please keep in mind, Practice makes perfect!,總結(jié)-解題方法：,總的原則： “先完意，后完形”。,八字方針： 上下求索，瞻前顧后。,三步曲： 讀填讀,Thank you for join us ! Bye-bye !,Problem solving strategies,注意上下文語境（context),解題過程中應(yīng)做到,6. I made my sandwich that afternoon while w