1、1,Revision of the Present Perfect Tense,現(xiàn)在完成時專講,2,復(fù)習目錄,現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的概念 現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu) 現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的否定，疑問形式 現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)的用法 現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)與一般過去式的比較 現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)練習,3,冬天來了，春天還會遠嗎？,If winter has already come, can spring be far behind?,4,1.現(xiàn)在完成時的概念,1）表示過去發(fā)生或已完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果； 2） 表示過去已經(jīng)開始并一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。 E.g. He has learned English since 2001

2、.,past,now,future,現(xiàn)在完成時,一般過去式,現(xiàn)在進行時,一般將來時,5,一. 結(jié)構(gòu) 1.肯定句: have / has + p.p.(過去分詞) 2.否定句: have/has + not + p.p.(過去分詞) 3.一般疑問句: Have / Has 提到句首 Yes, have / has. No, havent /hasnt.,6,動詞的過去式以及過去分詞,AAA: put put put letlet let ABB: standstood stood ABA:becomebecamebecome ABC: eat ateeaten AAB: beat-beat-be

3、aten,7,規(guī)則動詞,(1)一般動詞，在詞尾直接加“ ed ”。 work-worked-worked ,visit-visited-visited (2)以“ e ”結(jié)尾的動詞，只在詞尾加“ d ”。 live-lived-lived (3)以“輔音字母 + y ”結(jié)尾的動詞，將 y 變?yōu)?i ，再加“ ed ”。 study-studied-studied ,cry-cried-cried (4)重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，末尾只有一個輔音字母，先雙寫該輔音字母，再加“ ed ”。 stop-stopped-stopped , drop-dropped-dropped,8,5.縮寫形式,I have

4、 You have We have They have He has She has ,=Ive =Youve =Weve =Theyve =Hes =Shes,9,二、用法 1、表過去發(fā)生的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果 -Would you like some bread? -No, thanks. I have just had my breakfast. (對現(xiàn)在的影響：不餓) 常與副詞 just（剛剛）, already, before, yet（一般 疑問：已經(jīng)；否定句：還), never, ever等連用。 I have never heard of that before. H

5、ave you ever ridden a horse? She has already finished the work. Have you milked the cow yet? Yes, I have done that already. Ive just finished my homework. He has not come yet.,10,常用于現(xiàn)在完成時的時間副詞,介詞: already (已經(jīng)): 用于肯定句I have already posted the letter . yet(已經(jīng)): 用于否定句,疑問句 He hasnt done his homework yet

6、. just(剛剛) They have just left. ever(曾經(jīng)) Have you ever been to Beijing ? never(從不) I have never seen him . before(以前) Have you seen the film before? since(自從以來) Ive worked in the school since 1999. for(長達) Hes lived in Shenzhen for 6 years. in the past several days / weeks/ years(在過去的) recently(最近)

7、I have not written to my parents recently. so far(到目前為止) So far she has learned 5 English songs. up to now(到目前為止) this morning/month/year(今天早上/這個月/今年),11,already和yet的區(qū)別 already常用于肯定句中或句末； yet常用于一般疑問句或否定句末。 但表驚訝時already也可用于疑問句。 e.g.1.Tomhasalreadyfinishedhiswork.2.Tomhasntfinishedhisworkyet.3.What!Ha

8、veyoualreadyfinishedit?,12,2、表示過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)， 也可以表示實質(zhì)可能繼續(xù)下去的動作或狀態(tài)。通常和 for（一段時間）, since（時間點） 引導(dǎo)的時間狀語 連用。此外還可以與 so far, in the last ten years, by now, these days等連用。 I have been here for about 5 years. He has worked here since 1989.,I havent seen her these days. She has learnt English for 3 years

9、/since 3 years ago. They have lived here since 1990. Great changes have taken place in the last 10 years.,13,for和since的運用 for “經(jīng)歷(時間段)” since “自從以來” for時間段 since時間段 ago since時間點 since從句,1.Hehasstayedherefor3hours.2.Hehasstayedheresince3hoursago.3.Hehasstayedheresince3oclock.4.HehastaughtEnglishsince

10、hecamehere.,14,練一練：用for和since填空。,_three hours _three oclock _two days _yesterday afternoon _I came here _last Sunday,_a week _a long time _1997 _two weeks _three years ago _ last month,for,since,for,since,since,since,for,for,since,for,since,since,15,注意點一: since 的用法 1. +具體的過去時間 since 2008 since since

11、 last Sunday +ago since two years ago +句子(過去時) 2. It is /has been +一段時間 + since 從句.(自從某事發(fā)生已有一段時間了.) It is /has been two years since my brother joined the army.,16,注意點二：短暫性動詞與現(xiàn)在完成時 短暫性動詞在肯定句、疑問句中不能與表示時間段的短語連用。這些動詞是： buy , borrow ,become, begin, arrive, come, die, fall, finish, get to know, go, join,

12、leave, marry等。為了表述相同的意思，我們常用相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動詞have，keep等來代替短暫性動詞。如： 我買這個手機有三年了。 I bought the cellphone 3 years ago. I have had the cellphone for 3 years .,17,他的爺爺已經(jīng)去世2年了。 Nick 參軍3年了. 他離開深圳好長時間了。 4. 這本書我已借了4個月了.,His grandpa has died for 2 years.,Nick has joined the army for 3 years.,He has left Shenzhen for al

13、ong time.,I have borrowed the book for 4 months.,X,X,X,X,實義動詞分為: 1) 瞬間動詞 (die, join, leave, borrow等) 2)延續(xù)動詞 (wait, know , learn 等),注意: 瞬間動詞不能和時間段連用.,18,短暫性動詞與延續(xù)性動詞的轉(zhuǎn)換,come/go be (in) leave be away (from) borrow keep buy have die be dead get to know know begin be on go out be off go out be off arrive

14、 be here/there marry/get married -be married catch a cold - have a cold fall asleep/get to sleep be asleep join the Party be in the Party/be a member of,19,實義動詞分為: 1) 瞬間動詞 2)延續(xù)動詞,瞬間動詞,注意: 瞬間動詞不能和時間段連用.,20,method 2:,It is + 時間段 since +一般過去時的句子.,他的爺爺已經(jīng)去世2年了。 Nick 參軍3年了. 他離開深圳好長時間了。 這本書我已借了4個月了.,It is

15、2 years since his grandpa died.,It is 3 years since Nick joined the army.,It is a long time since he left Shenzhen.,It is 4 months since I borrowed the book .,21,練一練,22,1.I have borrowed the book for 2 weeks. ( ) 2.The film has begun for 5 minutes.( ),A B C,A B C,B kept,B been on,3. 這輛自行車我買了兩年了。 Ive

16、 _ the bike _ two years.,4. He left Nanjing two years ago. He _ _ _ _ Nanjing for two years.,5. The monkey died last month. The monkey _ _ _ for a month.,had for,has been away from,has been dead,23,注意點三： 現(xiàn)在完成時與一般過去時的用法比較 現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去的動作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，甚至會繼續(xù)下去，或表示過去的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響；一般過去時表示動作發(fā)生的時間在過去?，F(xiàn)在完成時屬于現(xiàn)在時態(tài)范圍，因此

17、，不能和表示過去的時間狀語連用。 如：yesterday, last night, two weeks ago等 。 牢記: when 不與現(xiàn)在完成時連用。,24,Put the following sentences into English. A: 火車已經(jīng)開走了。 B: 什么時候開走的? A: 半個小時之前開走的。 2. A: 你看過這部電影嗎? B: 看過。 A: 什么時候看的？ B: 上周星期天看的。,A: The train has left.,B: When did it leave？,A: It left half an hour ago.,A: Have you seen t

18、he film? B: Yes, I have. A: When did you see it? B: I saw it last Sunday.,試比較：,25,注意點四：have been to, have been in, have gone to 的區(qū)別 1、have (has) been in 表示“在某地（多長時間）”，現(xiàn)在仍在那里。常與表示一段時間的狀語連用。例如： You have been in Zhongdu Middle School for 2 years. 你們來中都中學已經(jīng)有兩年了。 They have been in Canada for five years.

19、他們到加拿大有五年了。 2、have( has)been to表示“曾經(jīng)去過某地”，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不在那里了?？?與just, ever, never等連用。例如： Mary has never been to the Great Wall. 瑪麗從未去過長城。 have (has) been to 后面可接次數(shù)，表示去過某地幾次。例如： They have been to Longyan several times. 他們?nèi)ミ^龍巖好幾次了。 3、have (has) gone to 意為“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中?？傊?，說話時該人不在現(xiàn)場，例如： -Where is Tom?

20、-He has gone to the bookshop. 他到書店去了。,26,My parents the Great Wall twice. - you ever Xiamen? 3.How long Peter the park? 4.My sister the shop. She will be back in two hours. 5.She Shanghai. She isnt here. 6.She Shanghai for two years.,has gone to,have been to,Have,been to,has,been in,has gone to,has

21、been in,練一練：用have been to,have been in, have gone to填空。,27,一、選擇填空。 ( )1. They the park yesterday. A. went to B. has been to C. has gone to. ( )2 . you _ your lunch yet ? A. Have, had B. Did, have C. Do have ( )3. The boy _ my bike for ten days. I want to get it back now. A. has borrowed B. has kept

22、C. borrowed ( )4. So far we _ about two thousand English words. A. have learnt B. learnt C. are learning .,A,A,A,B,當堂鞏固,28,二、完成句子 1、我買了一本書。我買這本書有一個星期了。 I _ _ a book. I _ _ the book for a week . 2、你去過北京嗎？ _ you _ Beijing? 3、Mr. Smith 離開了家鄉(xiāng)五年了。 Mr. Smith _his home town for five years. 4、John借了這本書一個月了。

23、 John _ this book for a month. 5、他的爺爺去世有十年了。 His grandfather _ since ten years ago.,have bought,have had,Have been to,has been away from,has kept,has been dead,29,三、句型轉(zhuǎn)換,1、He has never succeeded, ? （改成反意疑問句） 2、They have been here since 2000. (對劃線部分提問) have they been here? 3、The old man _ last year.

24、He for a year. (die) （動詞填空） 4.This factory opened twenty years ago. (同義句轉(zhuǎn)換) This factory _ for twenty years.,has he,How long,died,has been dead,has been open,30,5、Miss Gao left an hour ago. (同義句轉(zhuǎn)換) Miss Gao _ _ an hour ago. 6、Her mother has been a Party member for three years .（同義句） Her mother _ the

25、 Party three years_. 7、The Green Family moved to France two years ago. (同義句轉(zhuǎn)換) _ two years _ the Green family moved to France. 8、The bus has arrived here. It arrived ten minutes ago. (把兩個句子合并成一個句子) _,has been away,joined,ago,It is,since,The bus has been here for ten minutes.,31,直擊中考,How is Ann? I _

26、her for a long time. A .dont see B. wont see C. didnt see D. havent seen (2010 莆田) Hasnt Betty come yet? No, and I _ for her for nearly 2 hours. A .wait B. waited C. have waited D. had waited,32,直擊中考,Is Mr. Baker at home? (2009遼寧) Sorry, he isnt in. He _ Dalian for vacation. A. has gone B. went C. i

27、s going D. goes Mr. Zhang is a teacher of rich experience. He _ English for 20 years. (2010 寧德) A. has taught B. will teach C. teaches D .taught,33,直擊中考,-How many times have you _ to Xiamen? -Three times. (2014福建） A. been B. went C. gone D. go I wont forget my teacher because she _ so kind to me since I came to this school. A. has been B .will be C. was D. is (2013）,34,直擊中考,-I wil