1、中考英語語法,新航教育 英語教研組,定語從句,第一部分：知識儲備,定語從句的知識儲備,1、主動與被動,2、學會分析句子成分,3、特殊疑問句,定語從句-,啥叫定語:修飾方式也 啥叫從句 啥叫定語從句,主謂賓狀-解釋狀語-練習調(diào)順序 解釋定語概念-有名詞的地方就有定語 漢語修飾方式統(tǒng)統(tǒng)前置 英語修飾方式-形容詞前置，其他統(tǒng)統(tǒng)放名詞后面,定語可以由形容詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、名詞、分詞、不定式、介詞短語等來擔任，修飾名詞。(以分詞、介詞短語為例） 例： Mary is a beautiful girl. The girl behind the tree is Kate. The man driving to

2、o fast was a drunk.,一個,戴眼鏡的,高個子的,女生,a,tall,girl,with the glasses,who wears glasses,第二部分：拆分法,拆分法拆、找、合,一個戴眼鏡的女孩在上課 拆：拆成有同一個字的兩個句子。 一個女孩在上課，這個女孩戴眼鏡。 找：找同一字 翻譯句子 the girl is having class; the girl wears glasses 根據(jù)特殊疑問句的知識，在第二句找出特殊疑問詞 the girl wears glasseswho 合：把特殊疑問句緊挨著同一字放上去 The girl who wears glasses

3、 is having class,拆分法學定語從句,這個戴眼鏡的學生在吃飯 拆：拆成有兩個同一詞的兩個句子 這個學生在吃飯，這個學生戴眼鏡 The student is having dinner, the student wears glasses 找: the student wears glasses-who 合: The student who wears glasses is having dinner 我們用我05年買的電腦 拆：We use the computer, I bought the computer in 2005. 找： I bought the computer

4、in 2005.which 合； We use the computer which/that/不填 I bought in 2005.,我在街上遇到了這個我以前在上海交的朋友 我在街上遇到了這個朋友，我以前在上海交朋友 I met the friend on the street. I made the friend in Shanghai. Who/Whom I made in Shanghai. I met the friend who I made in Shanghai on the street 他喜歡這個以前唱流行歌曲的主持人host 他喜歡這個主持人，他以前唱流行歌 He li

5、kes the host. The host sang pop songs. He likes the host who sang pop songs. .,對物的定語從句,提高練習：請寫全下列從句的連接詞 他們享受了你們給的禮物 They enjoyed the gifts which you gave. They enjoyed the gifts that you gave. They enjoyed the gifts you gave.(不填) 分析: 對物，賓格情況下，有三種連詞which/ that/不填 湯姆收到了一份從倫敦郵寄來的卡片send Tom received a c

6、ard. The card was sent in London. Tom received a card which/that was sent in London.,對狀語的拆分,例: 我們參觀了魯迅曾經(jīng)居住過的房子. 拆：We visited the house. Luxun lived in the house. 找：Luxun lived in the house where 合: We visited the house where Luxun lived. 難點: 學習判斷地點時，到底是賓語還是狀語。賓語成分用which; 地點狀語成分用where. 例: 我們待在據(jù)說是魯班建造

7、的房子里 拆: we stay in the house. It is said that Luban built the house. 找:It is said that Luban built the house.which 合: We stay in the house which it is said that Luban built.,關(guān)系代詞的用法,關(guān)系代詞在從句中可以：,何時可以省略？,做賓語時可以省略,Whose的用法,例：我喜歡去有悠久歷史的地方 拆：I like to visit a place. The places history is long. 概念顛覆： His

8、book whose book. Toms book whose book The places history whose history 找：The places history is long.whose 合: I like to visit a place whose history is long. 例：Do you know the woman whose name is Mary. 例：Pass me the dictionary of which cover is black. 總結(jié)：whose引導的定語從句,whose在從句中作定語,修飾表示人或物的先行詞. 對物可用whos

9、e, of which 兩種,第三部分：介詞問題,1)This is the hero( whom/that/who/不填) we are proud of. This is the hero of whom we are proud .,2)She is the girl whom/that/who/不填I(lǐng) went with there. She is the girl with whom I went there.,注意: 固定動介詞組不可分割,介詞不能提前.例如:look after,look at ,關(guān)系代詞與介詞 介詞放在關(guān)系代詞的前面時,介詞賓語只能用which代物, 和whom

10、代人。(介詞在末尾時,關(guān)系詞可以省略),第四部分：that問題,有些情況下只用關(guān)系詞that,而不宜用which,定語從句中需注意事項（一）,從句所修飾的詞又被形容詞最高級或 序數(shù)詞修飾時,只能用that引導從句. This is the most interesting story( that )I have ever heard. The first meeting( that) we will take part in will be held in the afternoon.,2. 先行詞是all, something, nothing, anything不定代詞時,只能用that.

11、 Here is something( that) I will tell you. Not all that glitters is gold.,先行詞既有人也有物時,只能用that引 出從句 I can remember well the persons and some pictures (that) I see.,先行詞是one of,the one, 或用much, little, few, no, any 作修飾，用that Is it the one that you want ? We havent got much that you can offer us.,當主句已有疑問

12、詞 who或which時，關(guān)系詞用that Which is the bike that you lost? Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting?, who、that在許多情況下 可以通用，但有時宜用who,而不用that,定語從句中需注意事項（二）,先行詞是one(s), anyone, someone, those 時，關(guān)系詞使用who。 Those who want to go to the Great Wall sign up here. 在there be 句型中，先行詞指人,關(guān)系詞用who There is an old

13、 man who wants to see you. There are many young men who are against him.,不能用that的情況,1、非限制性定語從句不用that 2、介詞前置時不用that 3、關(guān)系副詞不用that,第五部分：關(guān)系副詞,附加部分 關(guān)系副詞,關(guān)系副詞是用來引導定語從句的，它和關(guān)系代詞一樣，具有 多重作用。 在從句中代替先行詞。 在從句中作狀語。 連接作用,關(guān)系副詞有三種： where: 在從句中作地點狀語,指代地點. when: 在從句中作時間狀語,指代時間。 why: 在從句中作原因狀語,指代原因。,關(guān)系副詞的用法： 1.where 的用

14、法：(先行詞應是地點名詞） The hotel wasnt clean. + We stayed,at the hotel.,We stayed,where.,先行詞,關(guān)系詞,從句,=The hotel where we stayed wasnt clean.,時間狀語when,例:我總是記得我們相遇的那一天 拆：我總是記得那一天。我們相遇在那一天。 I always remember the day. We met on the day. 找：on the day when 合: I always remember the day when we met.,原因狀語why固定句型the re

15、ason why,例：這就是你總是遲到的原因。 This is the reason why you are late. 例：這就是我邀請你參加晚會的原因。 This is the reason why I invite you to take part in the party.,第六部分：中考真題,1Friends are those make you smile, always open their hearts to you and encourage you to succeed. A. which B. what C. whom D. who 2Its quite common i

16、n Britain to say “Thank you” to the drivers for people get off the bus. A. who B. what C. which D. where 3-Barbara, where do you work? -I work for a company sells cars. A. which B. where C. what D. who 4-Do you know Hong Zhanhui? -Yes. Hes the college student has moved Chinese people. A. who B. whic

17、h C. what D. whom,5Jamie is a young cook wants to improve school dinners. A. who B. whose C. whom D. which 6- Do you know the girl in red is? -Im not sure. Maybe a teacher. A. when B. how C. where D. what 7Pauls uncle is the man taught us math last year. A. where B. which C. who D. when 8The whole w

18、orld is fighting against the H1N1, a disease has caused many deaths. A. who B. which C. whom D. what,9Is that the man helped us a lot after the earthquake. A. whose B. which C. when D. who 10-The duty of Project Hope is to help poor children, isnt it? -Yes, it has built many schools those children c

19、an study happily. A. where B. when C. which D. what 11The panda is a kind of animal can be found only in China. A. who B. whose C. which D. where 12_have finished the work can leave. A. Those who B.Any one C. The one who D. which,13I like the music I can dance to. A. that B. whose C. when D. how 14-

20、Is the girl is interviewing the manager of that company your friend? -Yes, she is a journalist from CCTV. A. whom B. which C. who D. whose 15 I like to visit a place history is long. A. which B. that C. whose D. who 16The number of people lost their lives in Indonesian earthquake reached as many as

21、6200. A. which B. who C. whom D. whose,17a robot is a machine can do some difficult work instead of man. A. who B. / C. that D. what 18-Excuse me, can I have a talk with your manager? -Yes? I am just the man you are looking for. A. whose B. what C. who D. which 19Rosa likes music is quiet and gentle

22、. A. when B. that C. where D. who 20The book he bought yesterday is very interesting. A. / B. why C. when D. what,21 Im a football fan. Im interested in everything is about the 2006 World Cup. A. who B. that C. where D. when 22My parents usually buy me some simple clothes can last a long time. A. wh

23、o B. that C. whom D. whose 23-Do you like the red car is made in Tianjin? -Sure, it looks terrific. A. where B. who C. which D. when,1.D.考點分析:先行詞之人且在從句中作主語是，關(guān)系代詞用who. 2.A.考點分析:people是定語從句的先行詞，指人，且在定語從句中作主語，故關(guān)系代詞用who. 3.A.考點分析:先行詞是a company, 所以關(guān)系代詞用which. 4.A.考點分析:先行詞是the college student大學生，是指人，且在從句中作主語，故選擇who. 5.A.考點分析:先行詞是Jamie,是人，且在從句中作主語。 6.D.考點分析:由答語teacher得知，是詢問職業(yè)，故用what. 7.C.考點分析:先行詞為the man,且在從句中作主語，故用who. 8.B