1、,選修 8,英語教學(xué)課件系列,Unit 1 A land of diversity,Reading,Alltheleavesarebrown. Andtheskyisgrey.Ivebeenforawalk. Onawintersday. Idbesafeandwarm. IfIwasinL.A.Californiadreaming! Onsuchawintersday! Stoppedintoachurch.Ipassedalongtheway. WellIgotdownonmyknees.AndIpretendtopray. Ipretendtopray.Youknowthepreache

2、rlikesthecold.HeknowsImgonnastay. IfIdidnttellher. Icouldleavetoday.,Californiadreaming,CALIFORNIA (the Golden State),Lying on the Pacific Ocean, California is on the west coast of the United States, which is diverse in topography(地形), climate and ecological environment. It has an area of 411 square

3、 kilometers,Pre-reading,and it is one of the US states of the largest population, with the most developed economy. Meanwhile, its pleasant weather, long beach, and graceful natural landscape make the tourism prosperous.,California,Mississippi,Pacific Ocean,Atlantic Ocean,C A N A D A,MEXICO,Californi

4、a,The Gold Rush Poster,Enjoy a song,Los Angeles,Graumans Chinese Theatre,HOLLYWOOD,好萊塢星光大道,Native California Indians,California gold miners around 1849,Chinatowns in California,General quiz about the USA and California. The most important and largest river in the United States of America is _? A. th

5、e Ohio River B. the Colorado River C. The Missouri River D. the Mississippi River,D,2. California is the _ largest state in the USA. A. third B. second C. fourth D. fifth 3. California, a state in the western USA, borders _. A. the Pacific Ocean B. the Indian Ocean C. the Atlantic Ocean D. the Arcti

6、c Ocean 4. _ is Californias largest and the nations second largest city. A. Sacramento B. Los Angeles C. San Diego D. San Francisco,A,A,B,5. Californias official nickname is the _? A. Sunflower State B. Golden State C. Land of opportunity D. Evergreen State 6. _has the largest population in the USA.

7、 A. California B. Alaska C. Washington D. Texas 7. California entered the Union on September 9, 1850, as the _ state. A. thirtieth B. thirty-eighth C. thirty-second D. thirty-first,B,A,D,California,Reading,Listen to the tape and find out the main idea.,The text mainly introduces _ of California. It

8、describes _ _ happened in various times. It also tells us _, _ and _ different people from all over the world having been immigrating to California. It explains to us _why it will be a simple multicultural community in the 21st century.,the short history,the great history,when,how,why,the reasons,ev

9、ents,The main idea of each part:,Part 1 Part 2 Part 3,The introduction of California,The history of settlement of California,The future,Native Americans,The Spanish,Russians,Gold miners,Later arrivals,Most recent arrivals,Choose the correct answer after reading the text.,1. Why is there strong Spani

10、sh influence in California? _ A. Because there were many Spanish staying in California. B. Because Spanish was one of the settlers living there. C. Because the local people loved Spanish culture. D. Because California was once ruled by Span.,D,2. After the arrival of the Europeans in the 16th centur

11、y, _. A. Native people were killed or forced into slavery. B. Many native people died from diseases brought by Europeans. C. None of the native people could survive the terrible times. D. Both A and B.,D,3. Which of the following is false according to the text? _ A. During the Gold Rush Period many

12、people went to California in the hope of becoming rich. B. Actually every few gold miners became rich. C. During the Gold Rush Period many Chinese immigrants arrived in California only to find gold. D. California became a state of the US two years after the gold was discovered there.,C,B,4. From the

13、 passage we can infer that _ A. between the late 19th century and the early 20th century Italian and Danish immigrants came to California to make wine. B. by the 1920s many Jewish people came to California because they were attracted by the film industry. C. Mexican people came to California to work

14、 in the ship and aircraft industries. D. there will be more racial or cultural groups in California because more and more people from different parts of the world are still coming to settle there.,Answer the following questions.,What are the changes of native Americans life after the arrival of Euro

15、peans? 2. Why did Mexico have to give California to the United States?,The native people suffered greatly and many were killed or forced into slavery. In addition, many died from the diseases brought by Europeans.,In 1846, the United Stated declared war on Mexico. After it lost the war, Mexico had t

16、o give California to the United Stated.,3. Who were the first to arrive in California to rush for gold?,4. When and why did the large number of Chinese immigrate to California?,South Americans and people from the United States.,During the gold rush period, many Chinese immigrated to California, and

17、in the 1860s, a large number of Chinese went there to build the railway from the west to east coast.,5. Between 1942 and 1945, why did so many African people go to California?,Between 1942 and 1945, even more people came to California to work in the ship and aircraft industries.,6. What attracted pe

18、ople from different parts of the world to immigrate to California?,The temperate climate, the modern lifestyle and its diverse cultures attracted immigrates to California.,Russians,Later Arrivals,people,The Spanish,Most Recent Arrivals,Native Americans,7. How many kinds of people are mentioned in th

19、is text?,Gold Miners,California is the largest state in the USA and has the largest population. 2. The native Americans are treated well after the arrival of Europeans. 3. Of the first Spanish to go to California, the majority were religious men.,F,F,T,True or False,4. In the early 1800s, Russians b

20、egan setting in California. 5. During Gold Rush Period, many achieved their dream of being rich. 6. In the late 19th century, Chinese immigrants arrived in California. 7. It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities will be so great that there will be no major racial or culture groups.,T

21、,F,F,T,Look at the pictures below. Each illustrates something about California.,A native Californian Indian was standing beside a camp. It seemed that he or she felt very happy. Maybe he or she had a good harvest.,He was a gold miner. He was panning gold. He looked not only thin and weak, but also t

22、hirsty and tired. It was difficult for them to achieve the dreams of becoming rich.,A building in Chinatown,Many Chinese have settled in California and many of them live in Chinatown in San Francisco. By 1990, the nations being immigrated from different parts of the world had made California into th

23、e most racially and ethnically diverse state in the country.,Other reference pictures about gold rush in California.,15,000 years ago,First settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America. These people are known as Native Americans. Spanish soldiers arrived in South America.,Comprehendin

24、g,16th century,1 Beside each time note down an important event in Californian history.,1821,California became part of Mexico. The United States declared war on Mexico. Gold was discovered in California. California became the 31st state of the US.,1846,1850,1848,2 Beside each cultural group write the

25、 period in which they first came to California in large numbers.,Spanish Russians Africans Chinese Italians Danish,In the early 16th century,early 1800s,1800s,Late 1840s / early 1850s,In the late 19th century,1911,Jewish Japanese Koreans Cambodians Vietnamese Pakistanis,1920s,at the beginning of the

26、 20th century,From about 1970s,From about 1970s,In more recent decades,From about 1970s,Native Americans the Spanish Russians Gold miners later arrivals most recent arrivals the future,Make a Summary,3 Why is California in the 21st century such a multicultural community? (Using 3 or 4 sentences to e

27、xplain.),The state of California is a multicultural community because European, African and Asian people have been immigrated to the state for the last 200 years.,multi- “多、多方面、多方向” multi-colored 多色的 multi-racial 多民族的 multi-media 多媒體 multiparty 多黨制的,Discussion,What do you think California is like af

28、ter your reading the passage? Discuss with you partners and try to give a simple introduction of it.,1. diversity = variety 多樣性、變化 a diversity of vegetables diversify vt. 使多樣性, 使不同 diversify ones skills / interests We should diversify the syllabus (教學(xué)大綱) to attract more students. A company should di

29、versify.,Language points,2. California is the third largest state in the 序數(shù)詞可以修飾形容詞的最高級(jí) The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 可以修飾形容詞最高級(jí)的詞: far / by far /much 可以修飾比較級(jí)的詞: no / a little / a bit / any / slightly/by far Youre standing too close to the camera. Can you move _? A. a bit fa

30、r B. a little farther C. a bit of farther D. a little far,B,3. population 人口 The population of China_ large. And 70% of the population of China_ peasants. 表示整體人口時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù), 表示部分人口 時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。而形容人口的多少通常用 large / small。 對(duì)人口的多少進(jìn)行疑問時(shí)，可用 Whats the population of ? Whats the population of Guangdong? have a pop

31、ulation of 有多少人口 China has a population of 1.3 billion. an increase / growth in population 人口,is,are,4. When the first people arrived in what we now know as California, 賓語從句 = the place that we now know as California. 定語從句 George Washington was born in _ is now the state of Virginia. which B. where

32、C. that D. what = George Washington was born in the place that is now the state of Virginia.,D,5. However, it is likely that Native Americans were living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago.,It is likely/possible/probable that sb/sth is likely to do sth 某人/物有可能做某事,注意: likely 比較級(jí)為 likel

33、ier, 最高級(jí)為 likeliest,e.g. She is _ to succeed. 她有可能會(huì)成功. = It is likely that she will succeed.,likely,This is a _ story. 這是一個(gè)有可能發(fā)生的故事.,likely,辨析: likely, possible, probable 按可能性程度, probable可能性最大, 其次為likely, 最小為possible, 但需要注意的是, likely的主語可以 是人, 但 possible, probable 卻只能用形式主語 it.,6. by means of: by usin

34、g 用辦法, 借助 He crossed the river by means of a raft. We express out feelings by means of words. means 單復(fù)數(shù)同形 All possible means have been tried. The quickest means of travel is by plane. by this means 用這種方法 by no means 決不, 一點(diǎn)也不 Its nothing unusual to experience failure, and by no means ought we lose he

35、art.,by any means 無論如何 by all means: 盡一切辦法 anyway 無論如何/務(wù)必 Surely/ Of course 當(dāng)然可以,by no means=not a bit 決不 By no means _ give in to the terrible circumstances at that time although faced with great difficulty. A. they will B. will they C. they would D. would they 注意放在句首時(shí)主句使用部分倒裝。 means 方法、手段、工具, 單復(fù)數(shù)同

36、形, 多和 介詞by 搭配。 way 方法, 普通用語?？捎糜谌魏翁幚硎挛锏姆绞健?多于介詞in搭配。 method 方法, 理論, 指合乎邏輯或系統(tǒng)的方法。 多和介詞with 搭配。,D,e.g. teaching method 教學(xué)方法 Only _ this method can you get much benefit from it when reading. A. in B. on C. with D. by We look forward to the day when the motor car has been replaced by some less dangerous_

37、 of transport. A. means B. methods C. ways D. manners,C,A,1) We express our thoughts _ words. A. by this means B. by all means C. by no means D. by means of 2) -May I have a look at your book? - _. A. By this means B. By all means C. By this way D. By any means 3) Every means _ been tried, and all m

38、eans _ well now. A. have; go B. has; go C. have; goes D. has; goes,means,D,B,B,7. In addition, many died from the disease brought by Europeans.,1) in addition to: 除此之外, 另外, 加之,e.g. I met my past teacher and some former classmates _ in the supermarket. 我在超市里遇見了我以前的老師, 還有些 同班同學(xué). _cakes and candies, gu

39、ests were also provided with fruits. 除了有蛋糕和糖果, 還給客人們準(zhǔn)備了水果.,in addition,In addition to,2) brought by Europeans 為過去分詞作定語, 相當(dāng)于which were brought by Europeans, 注意單個(gè)分詞作定語放在所修飾的詞前面, 分詞短語作定語需放在所修飾的詞之后。,English is a _ language. 英語是一種被廣泛使用的語言。 This is one of the schools _ in 1980s. 這是八十年代所建的學(xué)校之一。,widely used

40、,built,8. However, some survived these terrible times, and today there are more Native Americans living in California than in any other state.,幸免, 幸免于難 Only 12 of the 140 passengers _. 在140名乘客中只有12人幸免于難。,1) survive,survived,挺過來, 掙扎過下去 e.g. I dont think I _ another Year as a teacher; just too stressf

41、ul.,could survive,比 (某人) 長壽, 比 (通常指親人) 活的更長 e.g. Harry _ his wife by three months. 哈里比他妻子多活了三個(gè)月。,survived,2) living in California 為現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語, 相當(dāng)于 定語從句 who live in California。現(xiàn)在分詞一般表示 經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作或現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài),也可以表示動(dòng)作現(xiàn)在 正在發(fā)生或者與謂語動(dòng)詞所表示的的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。 e.g. There are three types of tiger living in China (that live in Chin

42、a). 目前中國有三種虎。 The picture hanging (that is hanging) on the wall is painted by my nephew. 墻上掛著的那幅畫是我侄兒畫的.,9. majority n. 大多數(shù) The majority _ for the budget. The majority of students _ hard-working. The majority of the damage _ easy to repair.,is/are,are,is,1) 單獨(dú)做主語時(shí), 若強(qiáng)調(diào)整體, 謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)， 強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體時(shí), 謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。 2)

43、 the majority of + n. 后可用不可數(shù)名詞, 也可用 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù), 謂語動(dòng)詞由后面的名詞決定。 3) 表示領(lǐng)先多少票數(shù)時(shí)用不定冠詞a。 e.g. He was elected by a majority of 50. minority 少數(shù)的,1) At the meeting, young people were _. A. in majority B. in the majority C. of majority D. of the majority 2) The majority of students _ trees in the fields and some a

44、re carrying water. A. is planting B. was planting C. are planting D. were planting 3) The majority _ with me. A. agrees B. agree C. are agreed D. is agree,majority,B,C,B,10. declare vt. 1) to make known publicly or officially 宣布, 宣告 主席宣布了選舉結(jié)果。 The chairman declared the results of the election. 警方現(xiàn)在已

45、經(jīng)對(duì)這個(gè)地區(qū)的毒販宣戰(zhàn)了。 The police have declared war on drug dealers in this area. 法官宣判這個(gè)竊賊有罪。 The judge declared the thief guilty.,2) to state with great forces so that there is no doubt about the meaning 宣稱, 聲稱, 斷言 她鄭重宣布她對(duì)此事一無所知。 She solemnly declared that she knew nothing about it. 請(qǐng)表明你的立場(chǎng)。 Declare your po

46、sition, please. 她聲稱自己無罪。 She declared herself to be innocent. 他聲明此事屬實(shí)。 He declared that it was true.,3)To make a full statement 申報(bào) Have you anything to declare? announce 把大家所關(guān)心的事情, 特別是有新聞 價(jià)值的, 做一般或正式的宣布。 11. make/earn a/ones life 謀生、習(xí)慣新的生活方式 make /earn / get a / ones living 謀生 現(xiàn)在越來越多的年輕人去了城市并在那兒謀生。

47、Nowadays more and more young people move to cities to make a life there.,12. However, there is still a strong Spanish influence in the state.,influence n. 影響力, 作用, 有影響的人或物,e.g. Claudes work had _ on generations of musicians. 克勞德的作品對(duì)幾代音樂家都產(chǎn)生過重要影響. Her mother said that I was _ on her daughter. 她母親說我對(duì)她

48、女兒產(chǎn)生了很壞的影響。,a major influence,a bad influence,13. a large percentage have chosen= a large percentage of Chinese-Americans have chosen A large percentage of population live in big cities. 這賓館很大比例的收入來自于游覽這湖的游客。 A large percentage of the hotels income comes from the visitors to the lake. Only a small p

49、ercentage of students are foreigners. percent (用在數(shù)詞后) (其余都用percentage),The result is expressed _ (以百分比). _ (比例越來越大) of the population own their own houses. _ (大部分) people came. _ (百分之五十的學(xué)生) came from workers family.,as a percentage,An increasing percentage,A large percentage of,50 percent of student

50、s,14. establish a town 建立城鎮(zhèn) establish a new business 開創(chuàng)新事業(yè) establish friendly relations with 建立友好關(guān)系 establish that he was right.證明他是對(duì)的。 15. immigrate vi. (to/ into) 移居, 遷入 他很小時(shí)從愛爾蘭移民到美國 As a child, he immigrated to the US from Ireland. immigration n. immigration laws 移民法 immigrant (s) n. the Europea

51、n immigrants,16. It is believed that It is said that It is hoped that It is supposed that It is suggested that It is reported that. 主語從句 It is reported that some European countries are flooded severely. It is hoped that the cost of medical care can be cut down.,17. mix n. 混合 V. 混合, 混亂 We have to com

52、e up with a mix of policies to please the voters. (折中) You can mix yellow and blue together to make green. We can not mix work with pleasure. mixture n. 混合物, 混合體 這種飲料是三種不同飲料的混合物。 The drink is a mixture of 3 different sorts of drinks. a mixture of sadness and anger / water and oil,vi. 混合, 使結(jié)合 Oil and

53、 water dont mix. Oil doesnt mix with water. Tom and John mix like oil and water. I got /was mixed up at first. 頭腦混亂 He was mixed up in the scandal. (丑聞) 牽連到 Dont get mixed up with them. 與交往, 有聯(lián)系 Success is a _ of a sharp mind and hard training rather than just talking. A. mixture B. thought C. time D. action,A,Tom _ _ the plan.(湯姆反對(duì)這個(gè)計(jì)劃) _ _ will go to Shanghai after graduation. (大多數(shù)人畢業(yè)后都會(huì)去上海) 3. _ _ _ _ students can pass the exam. (少數(shù)學(xué)生能通過這次考試) 4. We _ _ _ _ ten years. (我們已經(jīng)合作10年了) 5. _ _ _ _ travel is by plane. (旅行的最快方式是乘飛機(jī)) 6. We _ _ _ the enemy.(已向敵人宣戰(zhàn)),objected