1、Book 5 Unit 1 Grammar過去分詞做表語、定語課前回顧和預(yù)習(xí)：1.什么叫做定語和表語？2.上學(xué)期，我們學(xué)習(xí)了v-ing可以在句子中擔(dān)任什么成分？v-ing和v-ed都屬于(謂語，非謂語?)一、過去分詞作定語1. 課文回顧并判斷V-ed形式在句子中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞帧?) But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. ( _語) 2) So many thousands of terrified people died every time there wa

2、s an outbreak. ( _語) 3) From the stomach the disease attacked the body quickly and soon the affected person was dead. ( _語) 4) With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the virus. ( _語) 2、過去分詞作定語歸納總結(jié)1) 過去分詞作定語時(shí), 表示動(dòng)作在謂語動(dòng)作（之前，之后?）發(fā)生, 已經(jīng)完成并往往具有(

3、主動(dòng)，被動(dòng)?) 的意思(見例句1)。即表示完成和被動(dòng)的意思。此時(shí), 作定語的過去分詞一般是由(及物，不及物？)動(dòng)詞變來的, 因?yàn)橹挥写祟悇?dòng)詞才有被動(dòng)意義。練習(xí): (1) With the governments aid, those _ (affect) by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements. （表示完成和被動(dòng)的意思）(2) The trees _ (blow) down in the storm have been moved off the road. （表示_的意思）(3) Most of the artists _ (a

4、sk) to present their works were famous. （表示_的意思）(4) 昨天會(huì)議上所討論的問題是很難解決的。_而不及物動(dòng)詞(有，沒有?) “被動(dòng)語態(tài)”，所以, 不及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞(有，沒有?)被動(dòng)的意義，只表示動(dòng)作的_. 如： 練習(xí): (1) She is drinking _ (boil) water. （表示_的意思）(2) They are cleaning the_(fall) leaves(落葉) in the yard.（表示_的意思）(3) The_(rise) sun (升起的太陽) can bring warmth to us. （表示_的意

5、思）(4)他是一位退休的老師。_2) 單個(gè)的過去分詞作定語, 一般放在所修飾的名詞 （之前，之后?）(見例句2、3、4); _作定語, 一般放在所修飾的名詞的后面, 當(dāng)后置定語, 表示被動(dòng)或完成, 其作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句。(見例句1: exposed to cholera=who were exposed to cholera.)練習(xí):(1) 一個(gè)受邀請的男人_ 一個(gè)受邀請去派對的男人_(2) The play performed by the students was a great success.= _The student dressed in white is my daughte

6、r.=_3. 過去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞作定語時(shí)的區(qū)別(體現(xiàn)在語態(tài)和時(shí)間關(guān)系上)：The role played by him impressed me a lot.他所扮演的角色是我印象深刻。There are many boys playing football on the playground. 很多男孩正在操場上踢足球。歸納總結(jié)： v-ed作定語時(shí), 一般表示_意義; 而v-ing與所修飾的名詞之間是_關(guān)系, 往往表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。練習(xí): (1)The woman _a lesson is our teacher. A. giving B. given C. to give D. give(

7、2) 一個(gè)發(fā)達(dá)國家_ 一個(gè)發(fā)展中國家_ (3) 這本書寫得好。_正在寫報(bào)告的男孩屬于我們隊(duì)。_二、過去分詞作表語1. 判斷V-ed形式在句子中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞帧?) But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. ( _語) 2) He became interested in two theories. ( _語) 2、過去分詞作表語歸納總結(jié)過去分詞作表語時(shí), 與謂語動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成_(五個(gè)基本句型之一)結(jié)構(gòu), 表示主語的性質(zhì)、特征或狀態(tài)。練習(xí): (1) The door re

8、mained _ . A. locked B. to lock C. locking D. lock (2) He looks very _ . A. excite B. exciting C. excited D. to excite3、過去分詞作表語與被動(dòng)語態(tài)的區(qū)別：1) My glasses are broken. 我的眼鏡碎了。(系表結(jié)構(gòu))My glasses were broken by my son.我的眼鏡被我兒子摔碎了。(被動(dòng)語態(tài))2) The door was closed by Tom. ( ) The door was closed. ( )歸納總結(jié)：系動(dòng)詞+過去分詞(系

9、表結(jié)構(gòu))，過去分詞表示主語的_和特征, 相當(dāng)于一個(gè)（名詞，形容詞?），強(qiáng)調(diào)主謂關(guān)系,前面可加quite, very, rather等程度副詞修飾。過去分詞作表語用，相當(dāng)于形容詞，最常見的有：pleased, surprised, worried, excited, married, delighted, disappointed, interested, discouraged, drunk, tired, amused, astonished, limited, crowded, satisfied, puzzled, hurt, upset, bored, frightened, conf

10、used, exhausted, devoted, embarrassed, distinguished, 等。系動(dòng)詞+過去分詞(被動(dòng)語態(tài))，過去分詞表示_, 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)賓關(guān)系, 其標(biāo)志：行為執(zhí)行者由by短語來表示；有具體的時(shí)間，表示當(dāng)時(shí)的動(dòng)作。練習(xí)： Miss Green was very pleased with the dish which was cooked by herself. (was very pleased是_結(jié)構(gòu); pleased表示主語的_，而was cooked是_, cooked表_。)4、過去分詞作表語與動(dòng)詞-ing作表語的區(qū)別：Mr. Smith was very

11、tired of the speech that was boring._作表語, 表示被動(dòng)或完成, 表心理感受或狀態(tài)(意為：人被引起感覺,感到),多用來指人、人的聲音或表情; 而v-ing作表語, 表示主動(dòng)或進(jìn)行,特征的(意為： )練習(xí)：(1) At the sight of the _scene, all the people present were_ to tears. (move)看到這么動(dòng)人的情景，所有在場的人都感動(dòng)得流下了眼淚。(2) Her _ voice suggested that she was excited. (excite)語法訓(xùn)練一單項(xiàng)選擇1. As is kno

12、wn to us all, traveling is _, but we often feel _ when we are back from travels. A. interesting; tiring B. interested; tiring C. interesting; tired D. interested; tired 2. Dont use words, expressions, or phrases _ only to people with specific knowledge. A. being known B. having been known C. to be k

13、nown D. known 3. I borrowed a book _ by Mark Twain from the library last week. I like it very much. A. written B. writing C. was written D. to write4. Cleaning women in big cities usually get _by the hour.A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay5. The flowers _ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visi

14、tors to the beauty of nature. A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt6. The _ window was _ by Jay. A. breaking; broken B. breaking; breaking C. broken; broken D. broken; breaking7. Pleaseremain_untiltheplanehascometoacompletestop. A. toseat B. tobeseated C. seating D. seated8 .Fivepeoplewont

15、he“ChinasGreenFigure” award,atitle_toordinarypeoplefortheircontributionstoenvironmentalprotections. A. beinggiven B. isgiven C. given D. wasgiven9. Thereisnothing_todobutwaitfortheteacher. A. toleave B. leaving C. left D. forleaving10.Marthatoldmethatthe_planwasputforwardbyMr.Zhangatyesterdaysmeetin

16、g.A. rejected B. reject C. rejecting D. beingrejected二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換1.A.Look!The students who are seated at the end of the classroom is playing with their cellphones.B. Look! The students _ .2.A. This is a book which is written by a famous writer.B. This is a book _.3.A. He is the man who is faced with many

17、difficulties, but never gives up his dream.B._ , but never gives up his dream.4. A. Thegirl who wasknockeddownbyacarwasdying. B. _5. A. Themuseumwhich was builtforexhibitingfamouscarsbefore hasbeenpulleddown.B. _ hasbeenpulleddown.三、單句填空1. There was nobody _ (injury). 2. Global warming, once a dista

18、nt threat, is becoming a _ reality and people in some parts of the world are really _(frighten). 3. I had to borrow a pen from Jack, for mine was _ (lose). 4. Hisnephew,_ (lose)atseawhenhewasfifteen,hadbeenhisonlyrelative. 5. She remained _ (marry) all her life and lived a lonely life. 6. Whathesaid

19、wasvery_(amuse). 7. Nobodywas_ (interest)inthestoryhetold. 8. He felt very _ when he heard the _ result. (disappoint) 9.Ibecame_(bore) afterwatchingtoomuchtelevision.10.Ifelt_(encourage) byhisinterestinmynewinvention. 四、完成句子 根據(jù)漢語提示完成英語句子。1._(他的朋友所做的演講) was a huge success.2. _ (他的英語口語) is very poor.3. Many people get sick because of _.(受污染的空氣)4. _ 她看起來很著急。5. We get _when we see this _picture. 當(dāng)我們看到這幅令人興奮的圖片時(shí)，我們感到興奮。五、閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文語境，用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 Many years ago, a young foreigner _1_ (call) Marco Polo traveled all the way from Italy to China. From then on, a window