1、Medical English- terminology (術(shù)語),Zhang Fan, Associate Professor 張 帆 副教授 Hainan Medical University 海南醫(yī)學(xué)院,1,Self Introduction,Bachelor degree in Clinic Medicine, Xiangya Medical School, CSU; Master degree in Nutrition, Kings College London, University of London MD in Nutrition, Nutrition and Health I

2、nstitute, China CDC,2,Questions,What does Medical English mean to you? Why do we have to learn it? What are the differences between Medical English and Public English?,3,The difficulties in medical English,New words Long sentences,4,body,article,systems,organs,tissues,cells,parts,paragraphs,sentence

3、s,words,5,1. Origins of Medical Language,6,Parkinson disease hepatitis SARS posttraumatic stress disorder arthritis,Meniere disease nuclear medicine scanner AIDS Alzheimer disease osteoporosis,Exercise,Greek or Latin B. Eponym C. Acronym D. modern language,7,Example,2. Word Parts,8,Problem：medical t

4、erms are too long, what can we do？,venofibrosis = veno靜脈+fibro纖維+sis狀態(tài)（化） venography = veno靜脈+graphy造影術(shù) venosclerosis = veno靜脈+sclero硬+sis化 venovenostomy = veno靜脈+ven靜脈+ostomy吻合術(shù),9,2. Word Parts,10,Example,gastroduodenostomy a communication between the stomach and the first part of the small intesti

5、ne.,11,Example,gastro = 胃(stomach) duodenum = 十二指腸 anastomosis = 吻合術(shù) gastro + duoden + ostomy = ?,12,1) combining form,In the linguistics of word formation, a combining form is a bound designed to combine with another combining form or a free word. There are hundreds of combining forms in English an

6、d other European languages. As traditionally defined, they cannot stand alone as free words. E.g., bio-graphy = biography,13,Combining vowel,In Greek and Latin grammar, combining bases usually require a thematic or stem-forming vowel. A vowel usually facilitates the combination: in biography, the Gr

7、eek thematic vowel -o-, in miniskirt, the Latin thematic -i-. This vowel is usually regarded as attached to the initial base (bio-, mini-) rather than the final base (-graphy, -skirt). E. g., auto-analysis, hydro-electricity,14,2) Word Formation,1. Which of the following is a compound word? urinary

8、skeletal gastrointestinal coronary artery,15,compound word,gastrointestinal 胃+combining vowel+腸道+suffix(adj.),16,2) Word Formation,2. The adjective for thorax 胸 is_ thoraxic thoracic thoral thorial thoraxial,17,2) Word Formation,The adjective for thorax is thoracic,18,Case Study,Multiple Health Prob

9、lems-Secondary to Injury,19,Case Study: Multiple Health ProblemsSecondary to Injury,D.S., a 28-year-old woman, was treated for injuries sustained in a train derailment accident. sustain-v. 經(jīng)受 derailment-n.出軌 cognitive derailment-認(rèn)知錯(cuò)亂,20,Case Study: Multiple Health ProblemsSecondary to Injury,During

10、the course of her treatment, she was seen by several specialists專科醫(yī)師. For pain in her knee and hip joints, she was referred轉(zhuǎn)診 to an orthopedist. For migraine headaches and blurry 模糊 vision, she consulted a neurologist.,21,Case Study: Multiple Health ProblemsSecondary to Injury,For pain on urination排

11、尿 and occasional bloody urine, she saw a urologist. Later, for a persistent dry cough and problems resulting from a fractured nose, she was referred to an otorhinolaryngologist. Q1. The -ist in the words is a: a. prefix b. root c. suffix d. combining form e. conjunction,22,Case Study: Multiple Healt

12、h ProblemsSecondary to Injury,During her initial course of treatment, she had a CT scan of her abdomen腹部 and brain and an MRI of her hip and knee. Q2. MRI stands for magnetic resonance imaging. This term represents a(n): a. combining form b. acronym c. prefix d. suffix,23,Both imaging studies requir

13、ed her to lie motionless on her back for 45 minutes. Q3. This position is referred to as: a. supine b. prone c. lateral recumbent d. lithotomy e. Trendelenburg,Case Study: Multiple Health ProblemsSecondary to Injury,24,Case Study: Multiple Health ProblemsSecondary to Injury,Several months after the

14、accident, D.S. was still experiencing some discomfort, and she decided to investigate alternative therapies替代療法. She made an appointment with a practitioner who specialized in homeopathy順勢療法 and herbal medicine.,25,Case Study: Multiple Health ProblemsSecondary to Injury,Before her appointment, she b

15、rowsed in the Nutra-Medica Shop, which carried nutritional supplements營養(yǎng)補(bǔ)充劑, vitamin and mineral products, homeopathic remedies順勢治療藥, and herbal formulas方劑.,26,Case Study: Multiple Health ProblemsSecondary to Injury,She planned to ask the therapist about some of the products that she saw there, whic

16、h included remedies with the trade names Pneumogen, Arthogesia-Plus, Renovite, Nephrostat, and Hematone. Q4. The products Renovite and Nephrostat are named for their action on the: a. lung b. nerves c. liver d. heart e. kidney,27,Prefix Exercise 1,anabove ect, exdifferent end, enlarge, enlarge heter

17、without, not homwithin, inner hyperouter, out hypobelow megaround micrsame peri small,28,Common suffix,29,Common suffix,30,Techniques for learning medical terms built from word parts,Analyzing Defining Building,31,Analyzing,Divide the term into word parts with vertical slashes: “/” Label each word p

18、art by using the abbreviations: WR, P, S, CV Label the combining forms,32,Exercise 2,hypodermic antiseptic dyskinesia periodontitis,To analyze the medical words,33,Exercise 2,Root Root+Suffix Prefix+Root+Suffix derm dermic hypodermic sept septic antiseptic kines kinesis dyskinesia odont odontitis periodontitis,皮下的 防腐的 運(yùn)動(dòng)障礙 牙周炎,34,Exercise 3,WORD anemia endocarditis homosexual hypodermic hypertension hepatitis AIDS arthritis osteoporosis gastrointestinal,MEANING 貧血 心內(nèi)膜炎 同性戀的 皮下的 高血壓 肝炎 艾滋病 關(guān)節(jié)炎 骨質(zhì)疏松 胃腸的,35,Summary,1. Origins of Medical language : Greek & Latin E