1、讀寫任務(wù),讀寫任務(wù)是要求考生首先閱讀一篇短文，然后按照要求寫一篇150詞左右的英語短文。要求先用約30詞概括短文全文或短文某個方面的內(nèi)容，再用約120詞就某個主題發(fā)表觀點(diǎn)。發(fā)表觀點(diǎn)時題中本身有內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)提示。具體來說，這類試題有以下幾個特點(diǎn)： 1. 長度：閱讀文章長度約200250詞。高考考試說明中的示例1閱讀短文203詞，示例2閱讀短文228詞；2007年高考題閱讀短文240詞；2008年高考題的閱讀短文為187詞。 2. 難度：較高考閱讀文章或教材閱讀文章 更容易，一般沒有生詞。,3. 主題：與學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)或生活密切相關(guān)，為所有考生所熟悉。 4. 內(nèi)容：寫作內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)明確，所有考生都有話可寫。但

2、表達(dá)方式及例證隨考生而定，開放的程度較大。 5. 概括：可以是用約30詞概括全文，也可以是概括其中的某個小段落、某個人物或某個方面。2008年高考題要求概括全文內(nèi)容，而2007年高考題卻只要求概括小一段內(nèi)容(父親的期望)。,特別提醒： 從近兩年高考改卷的實(shí)情來看，對字?jǐn)?shù)的要求似乎是略多一些詞并不影響得分。以上兩年高考題的范文都是來自考場的滿分作文，2008年的有221詞，2007年的有202詞。因此，寫作時以表達(dá)思想為主，不必拘泥于字?jǐn)?shù)多少。但我們建議，在平時訓(xùn)練中，概括部分以2535詞為宜，發(fā)表觀點(diǎn)部分以110150詞為宜。,1. 七個解題步驟 (1)審題，明確題目要求：通過審題明確文章主題

3、、寫作內(nèi)容、主要時態(tài)和主體人稱等問題。其中主體人稱，就是要確定以第幾人稱進(jìn)行寫作，2007年高考中曾有相當(dāng)數(shù)量的考生在這方面出錯，同學(xué)們需特別注意。 (2)閱讀，抓住內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)：閱讀短文，找出文章的內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)。 議論文的內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)是：論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)和結(jié)論。 記敘文的內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)是：時間(when)，地點(diǎn)(where)，什么人(who)，做了什么事(what)，結(jié)果怎么樣(how)，這是記敘文的五要素。,(3)概括，轉(zhuǎn)述作者觀點(diǎn)： 用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述原文內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)。 議論文用自己的話表達(dá)論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)和結(jié)論句；即議論文三步法：1) theme/the writers opinion 2) supporting idea

4、s 3) conclusion 記敘文用自己的話將記敘文的五要素串聯(lián)起來。Who when where what how (process) why meaning(寓意） 說明文 用自己的語言表達(dá)現(xiàn)象/問題，解決問題的方法，特點(diǎn)，功能；即phenomenon/problem +solutions/feature/function,(4)過渡，引出自己觀點(diǎn)： 寫了摘要后，用句過渡的話，再引出自己的觀點(diǎn)(贊成或反對) 或與主題相關(guān)的觀點(diǎn)。 例如： I cant agree more with the above opinion. As a matter of fact, shopping onl

5、ine provides us convenience and benefits, which meets the demand of modern peoples.,議論文的過渡語 表示贊同 Iagreewiththestatementthat I do agree with the author I fully support the statement above because I am very sure Im for the writers idea that I quite agree with the writers idea. I cant agree more with w

6、hat the writer said.,表示不贊同 I partly agree with what the writer said. In some way, I agree with , but I fell such an attitude is negative, and that it can bring Some people argue as if it is a general truth that But to be frank, I cannot agree with them. This opinion sounds right but is hardly practi

7、cal. What the writer said sounds reasonable. But I dont agree with the writers view. Im strongly against the writers idea. It is definitely not like that. As a matter of fact, ,表達(dá)自己觀點(diǎn)： In my opinion, As far as I am concerned, As for me, From my personal angle alone From my personal point of view Acc

8、ording to my experience, I think that,記敘文的過渡語 This story reminds me of another story that happened to This story reminds me of a similar experience of . I also went through such an experience. I have a similar experience. have a similar experience as (3)總結(jié)句開頭語 In conclusion, /In short, /To make a lo

9、ng story short, /In general, /In a word, /In belief, /On the whole, /All in all,(5)例證，論證自己觀點(diǎn)(即拓展主題句） 四種常用方法： 1）列舉 列舉1至2或3點(diǎn)來說明你的主題 例如：列舉學(xué)校里的浪費(fèi)現(xiàn)象 We could see such kind of small things around us every day.(主題句） 要點(diǎn)：教室時; 吃飯時; 吃完時 For example, when we leave the classroom, we just ignore the lights and co

10、mputers and leave them on; when we have dinners, we often use the throwway shopsticks and plastic bags; when we finish some drinks and food, we throw the leftover very casually(拓展主題句）,2) I think that Lora should work part-time for these reasons. , she can make pocket money to meet daily needs and th

11、us develop a sense of independence. , she can learn how to deal with various problems in the workplace. , she can build up new friendships and improve social skills.,Firstly,Secondly,Thirdly,2）遞進(jìn)：not onlybut also; moreover/in addition/besides/whats more 如：就“互聯(lián)網(wǎng)給人們生活帶來的影響” 發(fā)表自己的觀點(diǎn) Surfing the Interne

12、t brings people more benefits. (主題句） 要點(diǎn)：提供最新信息；改變交流方式；網(wǎng)上購物，方便快捷。The Internet not only provides people with amounts of latest information, but also changes the way people communicate with eachother. Besides, the Internet enables people to go shopping at mome easily and conveniently.,2). There are man

13、y advantages of smiling. It can make us happy, please others.,4. To keep fit, we should have various healthy diets, which generally include fish, meat, vegetable, fruit main food.,not only,but also,besides/in addition to,3) 對比：for one thing是正面原因；for another是反面原因. 如：“你是否支持該校長體罰學(xué)生的做法” I believe the ge

14、admaster is right to suspend（使暫時停止 ） those misbehaving students class. (主題句） 要點(diǎn)：一方面，他們呆在教室會；另一方面，不呆在教室會,1）For one thing, if these misbehaving students are allowed to stay in class, they negatively affect other students learning. For another, if they are removed from the class, not only the others ca

15、n learn in peace, but they also can have time to learn their lessons and then behave better when they return.（拓展句）,2） I think it is a kind or win-win activity. , , I can help take care of children. , I can improve my English, make more friends and enrich my life during the summer vacation.,For one t

16、hing,For another (thing),4) 類似故事或經(jīng)歷 故事歸納 如：就“如何看待外貌”的主題發(fā)表看法 What makes a person beautiful is his attractive personality rather than his physical appearance. （主題句） 要點(diǎn)：舉例，某同學(xué) In one of my previous classes, there was a beautiful girl named Lucy who had almost a perfect face and slim figure. She treated

17、 her beauty in a matter-of fact（平凡） way and she was nice to everyone. Her personality was mostly accepted by others and it made her an outstanding beauty.（拓展句）,(6)結(jié)論，注意前后呼應(yīng) (7)潤色，使其錦上添花：一查人稱是否符合要求；二查語法方面的問題，包括用詞、時態(tài)等方面的錯誤等；三查邏輯關(guān)系，看前后觀點(diǎn)是否一致；三查是否使用一些較為高級的句型，如非謂語動詞結(jié)構(gòu)、with 短語結(jié)構(gòu)、定語從句、倒裝句型、恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞、短語動詞等（特別提

18、醒：此條不強(qiáng)求，據(jù)近兩年閱讀情況，只要能用簡單句表達(dá)完要寫的內(nèi)容，就可得該題的60%，即15分，大大超過省平均分了）。,4. 提高作文檔次五招 (1)表達(dá)精練簡潔：表達(dá)不要羅嗦，若能用非謂語動詞做定語或狀語就不要用定語從句或狀語從句。 (2)避免低級錯誤：避免語法和拼寫的低級錯誤，避免被扣印象分。 (3)保證賞心悅目：注重字體的美化，保持卷面整潔，提高印象分。 (4)句子錯落有致：根據(jù)表達(dá)需要，交叉使用將長句與短句、簡單句與復(fù)雜句。 (5)句式多種多樣：多樣化句式，方能顯示較強(qiáng)的語言功底，大大提高作文檔次。,用it is/wasthat.強(qiáng)調(diào)句式。 用作狀語的介詞短語開頭的完全倒裝句或用以on

19、ly in this way等開頭的部分倒裝句。 用with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)(with+賓語+賓補(bǔ))作狀語。 用非謂語動詞簡化狀語從句或并列結(jié)構(gòu)。 用what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句。 用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。 恰當(dāng)運(yùn)用感嘆句、被動句等。,適當(dāng)運(yùn)用Iguess, however, inmyopinion, fortunately, personally等插入語。 盡量用短語代替單詞來表達(dá)同樣的意思。 恰當(dāng)使用關(guān)聯(lián)詞語，做到過渡自然，結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，篇章連貫。(見“專題導(dǎo)練五”),3套用語句 (1)摘要的開頭語 According to the passage, we know The writer states that

20、 The author thinks /argues The story/passage is about The writer/author tells us about The story mainly tells us that,2.1.3.適當(dāng)運(yùn)用分詞或介詞結(jié)構(gòu),1)When she heard the news, she began to cry. （使用V-ing形式）. Hearing the news, she began to cry. 2). Mr Smith was invited by Nanjing University. Mr Smith wanted to mak

21、e a speech on DNA. （使用V-ed形式）. Invited by Nanjing University, Mr Smith wanted to give a lecture on DNA.,運(yùn)用分詞，介詞短語,3).The school is surrounded by many green trees. It looks very beautiful.,The school looks very beautiful with many green trees surrounding it.,(with+復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)）,2.2.1.適當(dāng)使用一些主從復(fù)合句來代替簡單句或并列句.,2

22、).To his surprise, the little girl knows so many things. What surprises him is that the little girl knows so many things.,1). The meal was very nice. We all enjoyed it very much. The meal was so nice that we all enjoyed it very much.,運(yùn)用主從復(fù)合句,（sothat),(what引導(dǎo)的主語從句和that引導(dǎo)的表語從句）,2.2.2.適當(dāng)打破常規(guī)，用一些倒裝句，強(qiáng)調(diào)句

23、，為意思的表達(dá)增添一點(diǎn)新意,1).He did not know what had happened until he read the news in the newspaper. It was not until he read the news in the newspaper that he knew what had happened. Not until he read the news in the newspaper did he know what had happened.,強(qiáng)調(diào)句，倒裝句,2).You can see pandas only in China.,Only

24、in China can you see pandas.,It is only in China that you can see pandas.,以下是參考范文,1.擺脫抑郁， 積極面對人生,Get rid of depression Teenage depression is a rising problem, which will do lots of harm if not treated. From the passage, we know some symptoms of depression and advice on reducing and curing it. Now ou

25、r high school students will meet more and more stress, most of which come from piles of homework, taking examinations and entering key universities. Proper stress can serve as effective motivation of study, but too much stress tends to cause depression among teenagers.,It is often reported that some

26、 high students have serious mental problems and even commit suicide because they fail to get effective psychological treatment. Since life is unlikely to be smooth, we should find our own ways to reduce our stress and get rid of depression, such as, taking physical exercise, listening to music, read

27、ing humorous stories, talking with friends and so on in our free time, for we all know that out-letting our pressure is also very important to us.,2.獲得成功的必備素質(zhì),Its not so difficult to be successful In this text, the writer tells us his experience of becoming famous in the field of sports, through whi

28、ch he is trying to tell us that it is not so difficult to be great. Generally speaking, most of us are eager for success and greatness. However, it is up to us whether to be great or not. Great people can be found everywhere around us. If we turn to them for help modestly, they will do what they can

29、 to help us.,With the help of masters, we can avoid unnecessary mistakes and take a short cut to be successful. Besides, if we want to be great, we should spend a lot of time and energy because we cannot achieve our goal without hard work. Whats more, we should make plans and stick to them and never

30、 give it up until we become successful in our work.,3.今日事今日畢,Dont leave todays work for tomorrow The passage argues that people who lack determination leave todays work for tomorrow and they achieve little success by showing us the example that without strong will John failed to quit smoking. In my

31、opinion, we cant leave todays work for tomorrow, because for different days we have different things to do. So if we fail to make up our mind to complete todays work and leave it for tomorrow, well gradually pile up too many things and will never get them done.,Still more, only the people without de

32、termination and will-power will find all kinds of excuses for the things they should have done today. That John found excuses for leaving quitting smoking for tomorrow and couldnt make it in the passage is a good lesson for us. In addition, leaving todays work for tomorrow is a bad habit, which will

33、 make for a persons laziness. As students, having a lot of things to learn and homework of different subjects to do every day, we cant afford to waste time, so the earlier we plan our time and get down to the work, the better results we will get.,4.依靠自己學(xué)會自立,When I was a child, I had to depend on my

34、parents. But as time flew, I gradually made my decisions and finish work by myself. When I meet difficulties or challenges in life, I encourage myself to fight against them, not retreat. If I fail, I never give up. Some young men dont try their best to make themselves valuable to human beings. They

35、can not gain achievements unless they see their weakness and change their course. They are nothing now, and will be nothing as long as they live, unless they accept the advice of their parents and teachers, and depend on their own efforts.,Depend on yourself The author tells us that he is disappoint

36、ed at peoples selfishness because they are not willing to help others. But he is sure that one must learn to depend on themselves when they are growing up. We middle school students should form the habit of depending on ourselves. Depend on yourself is what nature says to every man. Parents can help

37、 you. Teachers can help you. Others still can help you. But all these people only help you to help yourself.,5.永不放棄終會成功,Never give up! To build a considerably impossible bridge between Newyork and Long Island, John died and Washington was badly injured. But Washington tapped out his instructions wit

38、h his finger on his wifes arm until the bridge was finally completed. In fact, many famous persons in the world lived through a hard time and got their achievements. We can find lots of examples in our daily life. Thomas Edison, a great inventor, achieved his success after hundreds of failures. Hele

39、n Keller, a girl who couldnt hear and see anything,made her great efforts to overcome all the difficulties she met with in her lifetime, and became a famous educator and writer. From these facts, we can learn that never giving up will bring you a great success, which John and Washington taught us. I

40、 was moved by the story, which shows that one mans spirit, and his determination should not be defeated by circumstances. Personally, I think hardships cannot defeat us if we never give up.,6.自己動手,Do it by yourself From the passage we know that do-it yourself exists commonly in our daily life. Howev

41、er, we can not do everything by ourselves. So we should keep the balance between cooperation and do-it-yourself. We students should form the good habit of do-it-yourself in daily life since we are children. We should do what we can on our own but not depend on others. At home I help parents with som

42、e housework, such as cleaning the house, cooking meals, washing clothes and dishes and so on.,Nevertheless, some goals can not be achieved on our own. Instead, we need help and cooperation with others to reach our goals. After all, we have the limit of time, energy and ability. As for me, we can lea

43、rn to gain independence through do-it-yourself. If so, we will not attach ourselves to our parents and others. Whats more, do-it-yourself gives us more experience of doing things and learn the truth of life.,7.滿懷自信，超越自我,Confidence makes no Limit Dear Tom, Today, I read a passage talking about the to

44、pic we are interested in. Lets share it. It mainly tells us a story of Ashrita, who challenges himself to his limits and sets many Guinness World Records. He draws conclusions that everyones capacity is unlimited and can do better than expected. I absolutely agree with Ashritas opinion. If we want t

45、o achieve success, what we need is selfconfidence. Instead, if you lose heart, you really cant succeed.,It reminds me of an experience in a school sports meeting. Two years ago, I took part in the 800-meter race. Because I had caught a bad cold before that, it seemed impossible for me to finish the

46、painstaking event. But my classmates cheer encouraged me not to lose heart. I eventually rushed to the finishing line. I lost the match, but I was full of joy of fulfillment.,Its the competition that impressed me a lot. Im very grateful and excited for my perseverance. From then on, I changed much f

47、rom a girl lacking confidence into the one who faces everything actively. In my opinion, giving up means losing everything. As long as you stick to your strong will and great courage, success belongs to you forever. Yours truthly Wang Hua,8.需要合作精神,Cooperation is needed everywhere The passage tells u

48、s that nowadays cooperation is needed in many fields or situations. Cooperation requires us to work together because it makes people united, make our job done easily and encourage us to face difficulties. We students need cooperation. Firstly, it can help students to complete the collective tasks ef

49、ficiently. Secondly, we can help each other in the course of the task. Thirdly, we can learn from others and depend on each other if necessary.,Once I was too proud and too independent to work together with others in a proper way. But everything changed one day. There was a time when I met with a pr

50、oblem. I was in such trouble that I turned to one of my classmates for help. We cooperated closely and in the end we made it! It is due to cooperation. Cooperation is needed everywhere. But it does not mean depending on others when the job can be done by yourself.,9.知恩圖報,Be grateful to those helping

51、 you One day, a crane thanked the young man who helped her, turning into his wife and making beautiful cloth for him to sell and get money. The tale shows that expressing ones gratitude is a lovely quality. I had such an experience of helping others. One evening, when a man was sadly walking along t

52、he street, our car passed and he stopped it and said he needed a ride badly. My father and I did as asked. He felt a little surprised. Seven days later, we got a letter from the man, saying,“I got your car number and knew about your address with the polices help. So, I write to you to thank you so m

53、uch for helping me so that I was able to meet my dying wife just before she passed away. God bless you for helping me.” In fact, nobody can tell when he is in trouble. If everybody just looks on, what will our world be? From the story above, I think, “If so for a crane, why not for man?” Nowadays, w

54、e do need the atmosphere of helping each other, which will be beneficial to building our harmonious society.,10.要不要接受批評,We should accept criticism This passage states no matter how competent we are, we will be criticized if we have done something wrong because we are inexperienced. Our teachers and

55、parents may warn us against possible troubles. Sometimes, however, people really dislike criticism. They will make excuses when criticized because they feel they will lose their face if they admit that they are wrong. Or they will refuse to correct their mistakes because they think their seniors are

56、 splitting hairs. These people will regret if they refuse to accept others criticism.,As a student, to accept criticism is very important. When they refuse to accept criticism, on one hand, they will never find their shortcomings. If they do not think over other peoples words, they will never know w

57、hat others see in them. On the other hand, they will become bad-tempered and rude. They will not respect their seniors. These are all bad behaviors for us students.,11.我們的社會需要誠實(shí),Dear editor, I am a reader from China. I recently read a news story in your paper that reports an ATM pays double the amou

58、nt of money withdrawn from customers accounts, and therefore, many people come and wait in line to draw money there. As a Chinese reader, I do admire the good manners of the gentlemen and gentle ladies, but I do think they lack honesty as citizens, which is essential to our society. In this point, t

59、hey behave the same like some people in China.,As we all know, honesty is the best policy. If we want to have each others belief, we need show our honesty. But actions speak louder than words. Judging from this report, I have come to realize we all lack the awareness of honesty, both in China and the UK. In China, there is a similar story which causes a heat discussion; some people think the customers are innocent, while some believe they are stealing money. And t