1、,Noun(名詞) A is for Apple B is for Ball C Candle D is for Door E is for Egg F is for Fall G is for Grass H is for Hall I is for Ice J is for Jam K is for Kite L is for Lamb Mmmmmm M Moonlight N Night O Orange P is for Pie Q is for Queen R is for Rain S is for Smile T is for Train Mmmmmm U Umbrella V

2、is for Village W is for Wind X X-ray Y Yellow Z is for Zero Mmmmmmm Question:What is the kind of these red words?,知識(shí)結(jié)構(gòu),一 名詞的意義 二 名詞的分類 三 名詞的數(shù) 四 名詞所有格 五 重難點(diǎn)突破 六 直擊中考,普通名詞,專有名詞 （人名、地名）,可數(shù)名詞,不可數(shù)名詞,名詞,一：可數(shù)名詞 可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)的表達(dá) 一般可用a，an，one來修飾 注：a用于輔音音素開頭的單詞前,an用于元音音素開頭的單詞前 *a book * an English book * an hour an

3、honest boy *a useful book,flower,flowers,找規(guī)律,總結(jié)規(guī)則,watch,es,factory-factories,leaf - leaves,box,es,NOUN.,名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式 1.規(guī)則變化 (1) 一般在復(fù)數(shù)名詞后加“s”/s/or/z/ * dog dogs * book books (2)以s、x、ch、sh結(jié)尾的名詞加 “es”/iz/ *box boxes *watch watches *dish dishes * bus buses,(3)以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞,變y為i加“es” /iz/ *countrycountries *fa

4、ctory factories * family families *lady ladies 請(qǐng)區(qū)別：如果是元音字母加y 結(jié)尾的名詞則只須加“s” * boy boys holiday-holidays * monkey monkeys toy toys,(4) 以f、fe 結(jié)尾的名詞,變f、fe 為v再加“es” /vz/ * half halves * shelf shelves * knife knives * leaf leaves 巧記歌訣：半片（half）樹葉（leaf） 自己（self）黃，妻子（wife）拿刀（knife）去殺狼（wolf）架后小偷（thief）逃命（life）

5、亡.,找規(guī)律,tomatoes,potatoes,heroes,英雄吃馬鈴薯和西紅柿,pianos,(5) 以o結(jié)尾的名詞,一般情況加s,讀作/z/.potato，tomato，hero除外 * piano pianos * zoo zoos potato potatoes tomato tomatoes,child-children,woman-women,sheep,man-men,NOUN.,2.不規(guī)則變化:(1)變?cè)糇帜竜o為ee tooth teeth foot feet (2).變man為 men man men woman women policeman policemen f

6、renchman Frenchmen 請(qǐng)區(qū)別:German(德國(guó)人) Germans (“中日”不變“英法”變，其余s加后面) 3沒有規(guī)律child children mouse mice,(4).特殊形式的名詞復(fù)數(shù) 1)單復(fù)數(shù)同行的名詞： sheep deer fish Japanese Chinese 2)常以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的名詞: people clothes shoes socks tears trousers falls glasses thanks 這些名詞作主語時(shí)，注意它們的謂語用復(fù)數(shù) * My clothes are newer than yours.,注意： 如果強(qiáng)調(diào)整體謂語動(dòng)

7、詞用單數(shù)，如果強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)體含義謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù),避免主謂不一致。 * Her family is a large one and her family are all teachers. 她家是一個(gè)大家庭,她的家人都是老師。,3)常見的集體名詞： family class team group police,3.名詞的用法 1)可數(shù)名詞可以被a, an, one, two以及 how many，many，a few，few，any，lots of, a lot of ， some等修飾 *There are a few people in the park. *How many knives are

8、 there in your pencil-box?,1.Several _ are talking under the treeAnd they are talking about_. Awoman; children Bwoman; child Cwomen; children 2. There are three in my family. A. people B. person C. child 3. Some _ came to our school for a visit that day. A. Germans B. Germen C. Germany D. Germanies,

9、C,A,A,4. In the picture there are many_ and two_. A. sheeps; knifes B. sheeps; knife C. sheep; knives D. sheep; knife 5. There are four_and two_in the group. A. Japanese，Germen B. Japaneses，Germen C. Japanese，German D. Japanese，Germans,D,C,2)不可數(shù)名詞的用法 物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞屬于不可數(shù)名詞如: water，rice，fish，meat 等。 work c

10、halk time space music money weather homework wood information news medicine,1.單個(gè)的不可數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，多個(gè)的不可數(shù)名詞作主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù) *Some bread over there. *No news good news. * Bread and milk used for breakfast,is,is,are,2.不可數(shù)名詞不能直接被a, an, one, two等修飾，常用how much, much, a little, little, a lot of, lots of, some,

11、any等修飾 *They had much money. *He does little housework at home. * a rice (X) * two bread (X) * a bag of rice * two pieces of bread,3.可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞都可以用單位+of+名詞表達(dá)量，但單位后面的可數(shù)名詞用復(fù)數(shù)，不可數(shù)名詞形式不變 *a bag of apples *a piece of paper *three glasses of orange,注意：有些可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞在一定情況下可相互轉(zhuǎn)化，同一個(gè)詞，但意思不同 glass(玻璃) a glass(玻

12、璃杯) work(工作) a work(著作) time(時(shí)間) times(次數(shù)),1. Please give me _ paper. A. one B. a pieces C. a pieceD. a piece of 2. This table is made of_. A. many glass B. some glasses C. glasses D. glass 3. What can I do for you, sir? Id like two_. A.bottle of milk B.bottles of milks C.bottles of milk D.bottle of

13、 milks 4. We can do the work better with_money and _ people. A. less, fewer B. fewer, less C. little, little D. few, few,D,D,C,A,四.名詞所有格： 表示名詞間的所有關(guān)系“ 的” 一.有生命的名詞所有格的構(gòu)成方法 1.一般情況下，在名詞后加“s” Kangkangs father Lucys book 2.以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞,則在s后加“ ”即可 Teachers office The Greens house,3.不以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞的所有格,仍按慣例加“s” * C

14、hildren s Day * men s shoes 4. 表示時(shí)間，距離，路程，國(guó)家等無生命的事物名詞的所有關(guān)系 今天的報(bào)紙 today s newspaper 十分鐘的路 ten minute s walk 世界的人口 the world s population,注意：當(dāng)名詞的定語較長(zhǎng)時(shí)，在有生命的名詞后也可以用of,二 1）無生命的事物名詞所有關(guān)系用 of加名詞，構(gòu)成所屬關(guān)系的短語。 *the color of the wall * a map of China *a picture of the classroom,1. June 1st is _Day. All the Chil

15、dren enjoy it very much. A. Children B. Childrens C. Childrens D. Child 2. The two bedroom are the _. A. twins B. twins C .twins D. twins,C,C,重難點(diǎn)突破,小組討論以下練習(xí)的答案并說明其原因 Our hospital needs two_doctors, Mrs. Li. You can ask your son to have a try. A. women B. man C.woman D. men,D,名詞的用法 1.修飾另一名詞時(shí),一般用單數(shù) *

16、There are three banana trees over there. 2. man woman用做定語時(shí),應(yīng)與后面的名詞保持?jǐn)?shù)的一致 *We need a man teacher. *They are all women workers. 3.sports,clothes做定語時(shí),仍用復(fù)數(shù)形式 *a sports star *a clothes shop,2. This pair of shorts_too expensive. I cant afford_. are, them B. are, it C. is, them D. is, it 當(dāng)出現(xiàn)“單位+of+名詞”時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)

17、詞應(yīng)根據(jù)“單位”的單復(fù)數(shù)決定。 This pair of shoes is nice. 比較：The shoes are nice. Here are two pieces of news. 比較：The news is wonderful.,重難點(diǎn)突破,C,3. The model plane was made by a _ boy. A. ten-years-old B. ten-year-older C. ten-year-old D. ten-year old 當(dāng)數(shù)詞與單位名詞一起構(gòu)成合成形容詞做定語時(shí)， 單位名詞往往用單數(shù)形式,數(shù)詞與單位名詞用“-”連接。 *He is a four

18、teen-year-old boy. *This is a two-hour plan.,重難點(diǎn)突破,C,名詞所有格的幾個(gè)注意點(diǎn) 1） 可用名詞所有格表示地點(diǎn), 地點(diǎn)名詞習(xí)慣上省略 * my aunts ( home） (我姑姑家） * go to the teachers ( office） (去老師辦公室） 5. Where is Tom? -He has gone to the _. A. teacher B. teachers C. teachers D. teachers,D,6. Lucy is _ sister. A. Mary and Jack B. Marys and Jac

19、ks C. Mary and Jacks D. Mary and Jacks,重難點(diǎn)突破,D,2）表示兩人共同擁有,在最后一個(gè)名詞后加“s” * Lucy and Lilys room 露西和莉莉的房間（兩人共有一間房間） 請(qǐng)區(qū)別: Lucys and Lilys rooms 露西的房間和莉莉的房間 （兩人各有一間房間）,7. Look at that old man. He is_. a friend of my B. a friend of mine C. A mes friend D. a my friend 3）物主代詞與a, an, this, that, these, those,

20、 some, any等詞共同修飾名詞時(shí)，需用雙重所有格，其構(gòu)成為 名詞+of+名詞所有格（或名詞性物主代詞）,B,8. Its _from our school to my home. A. ten minutes walk B. ten minutes walk C. ten minute walk D. ten minutes walk 4）名詞所有格（s）也可以用于無生命東西， 主要用于時(shí)間，度量衡等名詞之后 two months vacation a miles distance 此表達(dá)可以和合成形容詞互換 two months vacation= two-month vacation

21、 a miles distance= a - mile distance,重難點(diǎn)突破,A,1 . Could you please get me some _? Im hungry.（2011年重慶中考第24題） A. appleB. water C. bread D. egg 2. Something is wrong with my_. I cant see anything around me.（2010年重慶中考第22題） A. nose B. ears C. eyes D. mouth 3. Mr. White has a beautiful garden with many _ in it. （2009年重慶中考第23題） A. flowers B. grass C. villages D. water,直擊中考,C,C,A,4. - How far is your cousins home from here? - Its about two _drive.（2009年重慶中考第34題） A. hours B. hours C.