1、人教課標 高一 必修4 Unit 4,Grammar,Body language,一: V-ing 形式由 “doing” 構成, 其否定形式是 “not doing”, V-ing可以帶賓語或狀語構成V-ing短語, 沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化, 但有時態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化。,V-ing 形式,(not) doing,(not) being done,(not) having done,(not) having been done,V-ing 形式在句中作定語和狀語是本單元的學習重點。,1. 作定語 V-ing 形式可以單獨充當名詞的前置修飾語, 這時有兩種情況。 -ing形式表示 “供作.之用”的意思,

2、 這類作定語的-ing形式過去叫動名詞。 A swimming pool = a pool for swimming,A sleeping car,= a car for sleeping,2) -ing形式表示 “.的” 意思, 過去叫 現(xiàn)在分詞 A sleeping child working people the rising sun,-ing形式短語作定語時一般放在它所修飾的名詞之后, 相當于一個定語從句。如: They are visitors coming from several countries. The boy standing there is a classmate o

3、f mine.,2. 作狀語 可以表示時間, 原因, 結果, 條件, 行為方式或伴隨動作等。,Using your head, youll find a good way.,條件,1) Four people entered the room looking around in a curious way. = Four people enter the room and looked around in a curious way. (伴隨動作) 2) Being poor, he couldnt afford a TV set.,(原因),3) Working hard, youll su

4、rely succeed.,條件,4) The boy sat in front of the farm- house, cutting the branch.,伴隨,5) He came running back to tell me the news.,方式,6) (When) Hearing the news, he got frightened. = When he heard the news, he got frightened. (時間, 可以在分詞前保留when),7) The child slipped and fell, hitting his head against t

5、he door.,結果,8) 與邏輯主語構成獨立主格： I waiting for the bus, a bird fell on my head. 我等汽車時，一只鳥落到我頭上。 All the tickets having been sold out, they went away disappointedly. 所有的票已經(jīng)賣光了，他們失望地離開了。 Time permitting, well do another two exercises. 如果時間允許，我們將做另兩個練習。,有時也可用with (without)+名詞（代詞賓格）+分詞形式 With the lights burn

6、ing, he fell asleep. 他點著燈睡著了。,Attention Please,-ing形式作狀語時, 它的邏輯主語必須與主句的主語是一致的。,Time permitting, I will pay a visit to the whole city. (分詞的邏輯主語是time, 而句子的主語是I, 兩者不構成主謂關系, 所以只能用獨立主格結構, 也就是給現(xiàn)在分詞補充一個主語。),the British lady,the Columbian,the Japanese,the Canadian,You see her step back appearing surprised.,

7、His nose touches Mr. Cooks moving hand.,You see her step back appearing surprised. = You see her step back and she appears surprised.,They also express their feelings using unspoken language.,=They also express their feelings by the way of using unspoken language.,His nose touched Mr. Cooks moving h

8、and. =His nose touched Mr. Cooks hand which is moving.,= They are visitors who come from several countries.,They are visitors coming from several countries.,= This is an experience which is exciting.,This is an exciting experience.,1. When he approached Ms Smith, he touched her shoulder and kissed h

9、er. _ _ Ms Smith, he touched her shoulder and kissed her.,Rewrite the following sentences.,When,approaching,2. The person who is translating the songs can speak seven languages. The person _ _ _ can speak seven languages.,translating,the,songs,3. The boy standing there is reading a book about body l

10、anguage. The boy _ _ _ there is reading a book about body language.,who,is,standing,4. Because he comes from Jordan, he moves close to ask you a question. _ _ Jordan, he moves close to ask you a question.,Coming,from,5. She sat at the desk and did her homework. She sat at the desk _ _ _.,doing,her,h

11、omework,1. Sarah pretended to be cheerful, _ (say)nothing about the argument.,用括號里的詞的適當形式填空,saying,2. _ (gather )around the fire, the tourists danced with the lo-cal people. 3. Sit down, Emma. You will only make yourself more tired, _ (keep) on your feet.,Gathering,keeping,4. Do you wake up every mo

12、rning _ (feel)energetic and ready to start a new day? 5. More highways have been built in China, _ (make)it much easier for people to travel from one place to an-other.,feeling,making,6. _ (look) at my classmates faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes. 7. Dina, _ (struggle)for months to fin

13、d a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.,Looking,having struggled,8. Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock, _(send)supplies to Yushu, Qinghai Province after the earthquake.,sending,9. It rained heavily in the south, _ (cause)serious flooding in sev

14、eral provinces.,causing,用動詞的-ing形式改寫下列句子。 1. The picture that hangs on the wall is a world-famous one. The picture _ on the wall is a world-famous one. 2. Because he hadnt received an answer, he decided to write another letter to him. _ _ _ an answer, he decided to write another letter to him.,hangi

15、ng,Not having received,3. When he sees the mountain, he always thinks of his hometown. _ the mountain, he always thinks of his hometown. 4. Because it is Sunday, there are no students in the school. It _ _, there are no students in the school.,Seeing,being Sunday,5. He hunted all the shops to look f

16、or a nice present for his mother. He hunted all the shops, _ _ a nice present for his mother.,looking for,1. Having not seen the film, I cant tell you what I think of it. 2. The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay. 3. Seen from the top of the hill, we find the city more beautiful. 4. Generally speak, facial expressions are helpful communications, too.,Not having,working,Seein