1、實驗一 進程管理一、實驗目的通過程序的編寫加強對進程概念的理解。二、實驗儀器1、PC兼容機2、Windows、DOS系統(tǒng)3、C或C+語言三、實驗原理通過C或C+語言創(chuàng)建新的進程；查看運行進程；換出某個進程；殺死運行進程；進程之間通信以及進程調(diào)度等功能。四、實驗內(nèi)容與步驟1、創(chuàng)建新的進程；查看當前運行進程；換出某個進程(中級調(diào)度)；殺死運行進程。2、進程之間的通信功能：消息緩沖隊列機制。3、用優(yōu)先權（優(yōu)先數(shù)）算法和時間片輪轉(zhuǎn)算法對五個進程進行調(diào)度。提示：1、PCB（進程控制塊）結(jié)構(gòu)通常包括以下信息：進程名，進程優(yōu)先權（優(yōu)先數(shù)），輪轉(zhuǎn)時間片，進程所需要的CPU服務時間，進程的狀態(tài)，當前隊列指針等。

2、PCB結(jié)構(gòu)的內(nèi)容可以根據(jù)實際實驗需要作適當?shù)脑鰟h。2、每個進程可有三個狀態(tài)，并假設初始狀態(tài)為就緒狀態(tài)。為了便于處理，程序中的某進程運行時間以秒為單位計算。各進程的優(yōu)先數(shù)及進程需運行的時間的初始值均由用戶給定。在優(yōu)先權（優(yōu)先數(shù)）算法中，每個進程的優(yōu)先數(shù)的初始值為（50減去運行時間），進程每執(zhí)行一次，優(yōu)先數(shù)減3，CPU已運行時間數(shù)加1，進程還需要的時間數(shù)減1。對于遇到優(yōu)先數(shù)一致的情況，采用先來先服務策略解決。在時間片輪轉(zhuǎn)算法中，采用固定時間片，即：進程每執(zhí)行一次，執(zhí)行一個CPU時間片，1個時間片包含2秒，一個時間片結(jié)束時，進程已使用CPU時間數(shù)加2，進程還需要的CPU時間數(shù)減2，如還有任務未完成需

3、要重新到就緒隊列末尾排隊。如果進程在一個時間片的結(jié)束之前完成任務離開系統(tǒng)，剩余的時間片送給下一個就緒進程使用，這個就緒進程用完上一個進程剩余的時間片后，進入自己的另一個完整時間片繼續(xù)執(zhí)行。五、實驗結(jié)果范例實驗運行結(jié)果1：* 進程演示系統(tǒng) * 1.創(chuàng)建新的進程 2.查看運行進程 3.換出某個進程 4.殺死運行進程 5.進程之間通信 6.進程調(diào)度7.退出系統(tǒng) *請選擇（17）然后根據(jù)你選擇的不同，出現(xiàn)不同的結(jié)果。實驗運行結(jié)果2：在進程調(diào)度中，若選擇了優(yōu)先權調(diào)度算法，則進一步顯示：INPUT NAME AND NEEDTIMEA1 2A2 3A3 4A4 2A5 4OUTPUT OF PRIORIT

4、Y：CPUTIME:1NAME CPUTIME NEEDTIME PRIORITY STATE A1 1 1 45 working A2 0 3 47 ready A3 0 4 46 ready A4 0 2 48 ready A5 0 4 46 readyCPUTIME:2NAME CPUTIME NEEDTIME PRIORITY STATE A1 1 1 45 ready A2 0 3 47 ready A3 0 4 46 ready A4 1 1 45 working A5 0 4 46 readyCPUTIME:3NAME CPUTIME NEEDTIME PRIORITY STAT

5、E A1 1 1 45 ready A2 1 2 44 working A3 0 4 46 ready A4 1 1 45 ready A5 0 4 46 readyCPUTIME:4 NAME CPUTIME NEEDTIME PRIORITY STATE A1 1 1 45 ready A2 1 2 44 ready A3 1 3 43 working A4 1 1 45 ready A5 0 4 46 ready注：當進程執(zhí)行完后，CPUTIME不再增加，其優(yōu)先權也不再計算。因為程序執(zhí)行完成，就放棄CPU，退出系統(tǒng)。CPUTIME:5NAME CPUTIME NEEDTIME PRIOR

6、ITY STATE A1 1 1 45 ready A2 1 2 44 ready A3 1 3 43 ready A4 1 1 45 ready A5 1 3 43 workingCPUTIME:6NAME CPUTIME NEEDTIME PRIORITY STATE A1 2 0 42 finish A2 1 2 44 ready A3 1 3 43 ready A4 1 1 45 ready A5 1 3 43 readyCPUTIME:7NAME CPUTIME NEEDTIME PRIORITY STATE A1 2 0 42 finish A2 1 2 44 ready A3 1

7、 3 43 ready A4 2 0 42 finish A5 1 3 43 readyCPUTIME:8NAME CPUTIME NEEDTIME PRIORITY STATE A1 2 0 42 finish A2 2 1 41 working A3 1 3 43 ready A4 2 0 42 finish A5 1 3 43 readyCPUTIME:9NAME CPUTIME NEEDTIME PRIORITY STATE A1 2 0 42 finish A2 2 1 41 ready A3 2 2 40 working A4 2 0 42 finish A5 1 3 43 rea

8、dyCPUTIME:10NAME CPUTIME NEEDTIME PRIORITY STATE A1 2 0 42 finish A2 2 1 41 ready A3 2 2 40 ready A4 2 0 42 finish A5 2 2 40 workingCPUTIME:11NAME CPUTIME NEEDTIME PRIORITY STATE A1 2 0 42 finish A2 3 0 38 finish A3 2 2 40 ready A4 2 0 42 finish A5 2 2 40 readyCPUTIME:12NAME CPUTIME NEEDTIME PRIORIT

9、Y STATE A1 2 0 42 finish A2 3 0 38 finish A3 3 1 37 working A4 2 0 42 finish A5 2 2 40 readyCPUTIME:13NAME CPUTIME NEEDTIME PRIORITY STATE A1 2 0 42 finish A2 3 0 38 finish A3 3 1 37 ready A4 2 0 42 finish A5 3 1 37 workingCPUTIME:14NAME CPUTIME NEEDTIME PRIORITY STATE A1 2 0 42 finish A2 3 0 38 fin

10、ish A3 4 0 34 finish A4 2 0 42 finish A5 3 1 37 readyCPUTIME:15NAME CPUTIME NEEDTIME PRIORITY STATE A1 2 0 42 finish A2 3 0 38 finish A3 4 0 34 finish A4 2 0 42 finish A5 4 0 34 finish時間片輪轉(zhuǎn)調(diào)度算法演示：INPUT NAME AND NEEDTIMEA1 2A2 3A3 4A4 2A5 4CPUTIME:1NAME CPUTIME NEEDTIME STATE A1 1 1 working A2 0 3 re

11、ady A3 0 4 ready A4 0 2 ready A5 0 4 readyCPUTIME:2NAME CPUTIME NEEDTIME STATE A1 2 0 finish A2 0 3 ready A3 0 4 ready A4 0 2 ready A5 0 4 readyCPUTIME:3NAME CPUTIME NEEDTIME STATE A1 2 0 finish A2 1 2 working A3 0 4 ready A4 0 2 ready A5 0 4 readyCPUTIME:4NAME CPUTIME NEEDTIME STATE A1 2 0 finish A

12、2 2 1 working A3 0 4 ready A4 0 2 ready A5 0 4 readyCPUTIME:5NAME CPUTIME NEEDTIME STATE A1 2 0 finish A2 2 1 ready A3 1 3 working A4 0 2 ready A5 0 4 ready CPUTIME:6NAME CPUTIME NEEDTIME STATE A1 2 0 finish A2 2 1 ready A3 2 2 working A4 0 2 ready A5 0 4 readyCPUTIME:7NAME CPUTIME NEEDTIME STATE A1

13、 2 0 finish A2 2 1 ready A3 2 2 ready A4 1 1 working A5 0 4 readyCPUTIME:8NAME CPUTIME NEEDTIME STATE A1 2 0 finish A2 2 1 ready A3 2 2 ready A4 2 0 finish A5 0 4 readyCPUTIME:9NAME CPUTIME NEEDTIME STATE A1 2 0 finish A2 2 1 ready A3 2 2 ready A4 2 0 finish A5 1 3 workingCPUTIME:10NAME CPUTIME NEED

14、TIME STATE A1 2 0 finish A2 2 1 ready A3 2 2 ready A4 2 0 finish A5 2 2 workingCPUTIME:11NAME CPUTIME NEEDTIME STATE A1 2 0 finish A2 3 0 finish A3 2 2 ready A4 2 0 finish A5 2 2 readyCPUTIME:12NAME CPUTIME NEEDTIME STATE A1 2 0 finish A2 3 0 finish A3 3 1 working A4 2 0 finish A5 2 2 readyCPUTIME:13NAME CPUTIME NEEDTIME STATE A1 2 0 finish A2 3 0 finish A3 4 0 finish A4 2 0 finish A5 2 2 readyCPUTIME:14NAME CPUTIME NEEDTIME STATE A1 2 0 fini